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Munteanu C, Berindean I, Mihai M, Pop B, Popa M, Muntean L, Petrescu O, Ona A. E, K, B5, B6, and B9 vitamins and their specific immunological effects evaluated by flow cytometry. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1089476. [PMID: 36687400 PMCID: PMC9849766 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1089476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been proven that vitamins play an essential role in preventing certain diseases since ancient times. It is thus fruitless to approach the roles of vitamins without making reference to the techniques used in evaluating the effects of these micronutrients. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to summarize the immunological effects of E, K, B5, B6, and B9 vitamins evaluated by flow cytometry. Some of these significant effects were presented and discussed: (a) The role of vitamins E in the prevention and treatment of different types of cancer. (b) The properties of K vitamins in the development and maintenance of pheochromocytoma Cell Line 12 (PC12) cells in Parkinson's disease; (c) The improvement effect of vitamin B5 on the loss of bone mass in low estrogen conditions; (d) The anticancer role of vitamins B6. (e) The role of Vitamin B9 in the regulation of Treg cells. As such, the flow cytometry technique used to assess these properties is essential to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of certain vitamins. The technique undergoes constant improvement which makes it possible to determine several parameters with a role in the modulation of the immune function and at the same time increase the accuracy of the methods that highlight them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Munteanu
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindean
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Mihai
- Department of Transversal Competencies, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bianca Pop
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai Popa
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Leon Muntean
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Olivia Petrescu
- Department of Applied Modern Languages, Faculty of Letters, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Ona
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,*Correspondence: Andreea Ona,
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Bogen JP, Grzeschik J, Jakobsen J, Bähre A, Hock B, Kolmar H. Treating Bladder Cancer: Engineering of Current and Next Generation Antibody-, Fusion Protein-, mRNA-, Cell- and Viral-Based Therapeutics. Front Oncol 2021; 11:672262. [PMID: 34123841 PMCID: PMC8191463 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.672262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a frequent malignancy and has a clinical need for new therapeutic approaches. Antibody and protein technologies came a long way in recent years and new engineering approaches were applied to generate innovative therapeutic entities with novel mechanisms of action. Furthermore, mRNA-based pharmaceuticals recently reached the market and CAR-T cells and viral-based gene therapy remain a major focus of biomedical research. This review focuses on the engineering of biologics, particularly therapeutic antibodies and their application in preclinical development and clinical trials, as well as approved monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of bladder cancer. Besides, newly emerging entities in the realm of bladder cancer like mRNA, gene therapy or cell-based therapeutics are discussed and evaluated. As many discussed molecules exhibit unique mechanisms of action based on innovative protein engineering, they reflect the next generation of cancer drugs. This review will shed light on the engineering strategies applied to develop these next generation treatments and provides deeper insights into their preclinical profiles, clinical stages, and ongoing trials. Furthermore, the distribution and expression of the targeted antigens and the intended mechanisms of action are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan P Bogen
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.,Ferring Darmstadt Laboratory, Biologics Technology and Development, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Julius Grzeschik
- Ferring Darmstadt Laboratory, Biologics Technology and Development, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Joern Jakobsen
- Ferring Pharmaceuticals, International PharmaScience Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexandra Bähre
- Ferring Pharmaceuticals, International PharmaScience Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Björn Hock
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Ferring International Center S.A., Saint-Prex, Switzerland
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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Monteiro CAP, Oliveira ADPR, Silva RC, Lima RRM, Souto FO, Baratti MO, Carvalho HF, Santos BS, Cabral Filho PE, Fontes A. Evaluating internalization and recycling of folate receptors in breast cancer cells using quantum dots. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 209:111918. [PMID: 32531690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) regulates metabolic activities essential to the human body. FA receptor (FR) overexpression has been reported for many cancers, but there are still few or conflicting data about FRs in breast cancer cells. Quantum dots (QDs) have arisen as tools to elucidate aspects on FRs, due to their unique physicochemical properties. Herein, QDs conjugated to FA were explored to study the internalization and recycling of FRs in breast cancer cells, using HeLa as an out-group control. QDs were covalently conjugated to FA under different conditions. The best conjugate was applied to study FRs in HeLa, MCF7, MDA-MB231, and T47D cells applying confocal microscopy and flow cytometry analyses. The conjugation efficiency and specificity were evaluated, respectively, using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and saturation assays. FCS confirmed the effectiveness of the conjugation. HeLa and T47D had/internalized a higher amount of FRs (95% and 90% of labeling, respectively) than MDA-MB231 cells (68%). MCF7 cells seem to have very low functional FRs (3%). Saturation assays proved the specificity of QD-FA conjugates and suggested that FR recycling rate is low in the majority of cells studied, except for T47D. QD-FA conjugates were successfully developed. Therapies targeting FRs may be more effective for HeLa, T47D, and MDA-MB231.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila A P Monteiro
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Aline D P R Oliveira
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ryan C Silva
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Rennan R M Lima
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Fabricio O Souto
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Mariana O Baratti
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Fotônica Aplicada à Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Fotônica Aplicada à Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Beate S Santos
- Departmento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Paulo E Cabral Filho
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Fontes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Dehvari K, Li JD, Chang JY. Bovine Serum Albumin-Templated Synthesis of Manganese-Doped Copper Selenide Nanoparticles for Boosting Targeted Delivery and Synergistic Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:3019-3029. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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