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Gaikwad SS, Morales JO, Lande NB, Catalán-Figueroa J, Laddha UD, Kshirsagar SJ. Exploring paediatric oral suspension development: Challenges, requirements, and formulation advancements. Int J Pharm 2024; 657:124169. [PMID: 38688428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Oral suspension is the most preferred dosage form for the paediatric population because of the difficulties related to solid medications, such as the swallowing limitations, bitter taste, and poor oral bioavailability, which can cause serious impairment to attain a successful treatment. Given the importance of successful therapies, there is a need for safe and effective commercially-available paediatric oral suspension and their characterization. For the latter, it is important to identify safe excipients and preservatives. The paediatric group is a diverse category which includes infants and teenagers, with major pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics differences, mainly because of physiological and behavioral variations. Therefore, finding a single formulation for paediatric population remains a challenge, as well asthe formulation of stable-in-time suspension. In addition, drug's dissolving characteristic and permeation, are the main determinants for oral absorption, which are closely related to drug release kinetics from the pharmaceutical form. In this context, drug release profile is an important and limiting step in oral bioavailability, particularly for BCS class II drugs; thus, it is possible to increase bioavailability and minimize adverse effects by changing the release rate of such drugs. This review covers all the aspects for paediatric oral suspension development, and analyses the considerations for excipients selection as a crucial task for effectively choosing a safe and effective pharmaceutical form and correctly dosing paediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin S Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Savitribai Phule Pune University, At Sahajanandnagar, Post-Shinganapur, Tal-Kopargaon, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra 423603, India; Department of Pharmaceutics, MET's Institute of Pharmacy, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik 422003, India.
| | - Javier O Morales
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, University of Chile. Santiago 8380494, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Chile; Center of New Drugs for Hypertension (CENDHY), Chile
| | - Narayan B Lande
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Savitribai Phule Pune University, At Sahajanandnagar, Post-Shinganapur, Tal-Kopargaon, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra 423603, India
| | - Johanna Catalán-Figueroa
- Food Science Lab, Institute of Research and Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8330546, Chile
| | - Umesh D Laddha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MET's Institute of Pharmacy, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik 422003, India; Regeron Inc., Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24232, South Korea
| | - Sanjay J Kshirsagar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MET's Institute of Pharmacy, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik 422003, India
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Mansourian M, Dijkers E, Silva CCV, Polonini HC. Compatibility of Commonly Used Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in a Ready-to-Use Oral Suspending Vehicle. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2388. [PMID: 37896148 PMCID: PMC10609746 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from different pharmacological classes in a compounded oral suspending vehicle. Oral suspensions of amoxicillin trihydrate (50 mg/mL), clozapine (25 mg/mL), indomethacin (5.0 mg/mL), levodopa/carbidopa (10.0/2.5 mg/mL), levothyroxine sodium (T4, 25 µg/mL), lomustine (4.0 and 10.0 mg/mL), methyldopa (25 mg/mL) and procarbazine (10.0 mg/mL) were formulated in SyrSpend® SF PH4 and the stability was monitored for up to 90 days, except for amoxicillin trihydrate, which was evaluated for 30 days only. The APIs' stability was determined by measuring percent recovery using stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC or UHPLC) or titration (amoxicillin trihydrate only). The stability of amoxicillin trihydrate, clozapine, indomethacin and levodopa/carbidopa were studied at both refrigerated (2-8 °C) and room temperature (20-25 °C). Lomustine, procarbazine, and methyldopa were studied at refrigerated temperature only. Our data demonstrated promising stability for the compounded suspensions containing various APIs, investigated in SyrSpend® SF PH4, as all APIs exhibited stability throughout the study duration and met content uniformity criteria. These findings lead to the conclusion that the tested compounded oral suspensions present a viable approach for creating personalized, age-appropriate formulations. The capacity to ensure dose consistency and stability using APIs from diverse pharmacological classes renders them suitable choices for both pediatric and geriatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hudson C. Polonini
- Fagron BV, 3065 WB Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.M.); (E.D.); (C.C.V.S.)
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Bedogni G, Garcia P, Seremeta K, Okulik N, Salomon C. Preformulation and Long-Term Stability Studies of an Optimized Palatable Praziquantel Ethanol-Free Solution for Pediatric Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2050. [PMID: 37631264 PMCID: PMC10458622 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the treatment for cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis consists of a single oral intake of praziquantel (5-10 mg/kg), which since it is only available as tablets, hinders its administration to pediatric patients. Praziquantel is a poorly water-soluble drug which represents a challenge for its formulation in solution, particularly for the pediatric population. Thus, this study aimed to develop a palatable solution for praziquantel using pharmaceutical-accepted co-solvent systems. A design of experiments approach was applied to identify the optimal conditions for achieving a suitable amount of praziquantel in solution using co-solvent mixtures. Thus, praziquantel solubility increased from 0.38 up to 43.50 mg/mL in the optimized system. A taste masking assay in healthy human volunteers confirmed a successful reduction of drug bitterness after the addition of selected flavors and a sweetener. Stability studies were also conducted at different temperatures (4, 25, and 40 °C) for 12 months Even though the presence of the three known impurities of praziquantel was observed, their amounts never exceeded the acceptance criteria of the USP. Thus, this novel approach should be considered a valuable alternative for further preclinical studies considering the high prevalence of this infection worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Bedogni
- Instituto de Química Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IQUIR-CONICET), Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina;
| | - Paula Garcia
- Planta Piloto de Producción de Medicamentos, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario 2000, Argentina;
| | - Katia Seremeta
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Procesos Tecnológicos Avanzados, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral (INIPTA-CONICET-UNCAUS), Cte. Fernández 755, Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña 3700, Argentina; (K.S.); (N.O.)
| | - Nora Okulik
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Procesos Tecnológicos Avanzados, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral (INIPTA-CONICET-UNCAUS), Cte. Fernández 755, Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña 3700, Argentina; (K.S.); (N.O.)
| | - Claudio Salomon
- Instituto de Química Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IQUIR-CONICET), Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina;
- Área Técnica Farmacéutica, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Suipacha 531, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario 2000, Argentina
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Lee HR, Park HJ, Park JS, Park DW, Ho MJ, Kim DY, Lee HC, Kim EJ, Song WH, Park JS, Choi YS, Kang MJ. Montelukast microsuspension with hypromellose for improved stability and oral absorption. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1732-1742. [PMID: 34051251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oral montelukast (MTK) is prescribed to treat asthma or rhinitis, and is clinically investigated as new medication in the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Herein, in order to better patient's compliance, microsuspensions (MSs)-based oral liquid preparations of montelukast (MTK) were formulated with polymeric suspending agents including hypromellose (HPMC), and those drug-polymer interaction, physicochemical stability, dissolution, and in vivo pharmacokinetic profile was evaluated. When amorphous MTK particle was suspended in aqueous vehicle, it was readily converted into crystalline form and grown into aggregates, drastically lowering dissolution rate. However, the addition of HPMC polymer markedly suppressed the crystal growth, providing both improved drug stability and profound dissolution profile. Raman spectrometry denoted the inter-molecular hydrogen boding between MTK particle and HPMC polymer. The crystal growth or dissolution profile of MSs was markedly affected by pharmaceutical additives (sucrose or simethicone) in the preparations or storage temperature. The optimized HPMC-based MS exhibited over 80% higher bioavailability, compared to marketed granule (Singulair®) in rats. Therefore, novel MTK-loaded MS can be a promising liquid preparation, bettering oral absorption and patient's compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Ryeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Soo Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Jin Ho
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yoon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Chun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Kim
- GL Pharm Tech Corp., 137, Sagimakgol-ro, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Heon Song
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sang Park
- GL Pharm Tech Corp., 137, Sagimakgol-ro, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Joo Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea.
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Annereau M, Toussaint B, Dufaÿ Wojcicki A, Dufaÿ S, Diaz Salmeron R, Boudy V. [2D-3D printing in hospital pharmacies, what roles and challenges?]. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2021; 79:361-374. [PMID: 33515591 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The additive technology or 2D and 3D printing are increasingly used in various industrial fields, from aeronautics to mechanics but also in the fields of health such as dentistry or for bone reconstructions. These techniques have been studied for about fifteen years by the academic community in the pharmaceutical field (medical device and drug), and recently they have started to be applied to produce drugs in industry and in hospitals. Indeed, the Food and Drug Administration approved in August 2015 the marketing of the first drug printed by additive technique, then in 2018 the first clinical trial using 3D printed drugs was carried out in Great Britain by a hospital pharmacy. 2D-3D printing is presented as one of the tools of a more personalized medicine, the techniques of additive printing allowing the production of tabs containing several drugs in one tab (polypills) and the development of custom modified-releases drugs. This approach could allow better acceptance of the finished product and secure manufacturing. The objective of this work is to highlight relevant printing technologies for implementation in hospital pharmacies, and to see how these technologies could lead to a change in pharmaceutical practices, to improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Annereau
- Département recherche et développement pharmaceutique, Agencegénérale des équipements et produits de santé (AGEPS), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 7, rue du Fer-à-Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - B Toussaint
- Département recherche et développement pharmaceutique, Agencegénérale des équipements et produits de santé (AGEPS), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 7, rue du Fer-à-Moulin, 75005 Paris, France; Université de Paris, CNRS, Inserm, UTCBS, Unité des technologies chimiques et biologiques pour la santé, 75006 Paris, France
| | - A Dufaÿ Wojcicki
- Département recherche et développement pharmaceutique, Agencegénérale des équipements et produits de santé (AGEPS), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 7, rue du Fer-à-Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - S Dufaÿ
- Département recherche et développement pharmaceutique, Agencegénérale des équipements et produits de santé (AGEPS), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 7, rue du Fer-à-Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - R Diaz Salmeron
- Département recherche et développement pharmaceutique, Agencegénérale des équipements et produits de santé (AGEPS), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 7, rue du Fer-à-Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - V Boudy
- Département recherche et développement pharmaceutique, Agencegénérale des équipements et produits de santé (AGEPS), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 7, rue du Fer-à-Moulin, 75005 Paris, France; Université de Paris, CNRS, Inserm, UTCBS, Unité des technologies chimiques et biologiques pour la santé, 75006 Paris, France.
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