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Stone W, Strege C, Miller W, Geurts AM, Grzybowski M, Riddle M, Lees C, Eide C, Keene DR, Tufa SF, Seelig D, McGrath J, Tolar J. Creation and characterization of novel rat model for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: Frameshift mutation of the Col7a1 gene leads to severe blistered phenotype. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302991. [PMID: 38722855 PMCID: PMC11081381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is a rare genodermatosis caused by a mutation of the Col7a1 gene. The Col7a1 gene codes for collagen type VII protein, a major component of anchoring fibrils. Mutations of the Col7a1 gene can cause aberrant collagen type VII formation, causing an associated lack or absence of anchoring fibrils. This presents clinically as chronic blistering, scarring, and fibrosis, often leading to the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Patients also experience persistent pain and pruritus. Pain management and supportive bandaging remain the primary treatment options. The pathology of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa was first described in the 1980s, and there has since been a multitude of encouraging treatment options developed. However, in vivo research has been hindered by inadequate models of the disease. The various mouse models in existence possess longevity and surface area constraints, or do not adequately model a normal human disease state. In this paper, we describe a novel rat model of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa that offers an alternative to previous murine models. An 8-base pair deletion was induced in the Col7a1 gene of Lewis rats, which was subsequently found to cause a premature stop codon downstream. Homozygous mutants presented with a fragile and chronically blistered phenotype postnatally. Further histological analysis revealed subepidermal clefting and the absence of anchoring fibrils. The generation of this novel model offers researchers an easily maintained organism that possesses a larger surface area for experimental topical and transfused therapies to be tested, which may provide great utility in the future study of this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Stone
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Chloe Strege
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - William Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Aron M. Geurts
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Michael Grzybowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Megan Riddle
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Christopher Lees
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Cindy Eide
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Douglas R. Keene
- Research Department, Shriners Hospital for Children, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Sara F. Tufa
- Research Department, Shriners Hospital for Children, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Davis Seelig
- Comparative Pathology Shared Resource, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - John McGrath
- St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London (Guy’s Campus), London, United Kingdom
| | - Jakub Tolar
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
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Gila F, Alamdari-Palangi V, Rafiee M, Jokar A, Ehtiaty S, Dianatinasab A, Khatami SH, Taheri-Anganeh M, Movahedpour A, Fallahi J. Gene-edited cells: novel allogeneic gene/cell therapy for epidermolysis bullosa. J Appl Genet 2024:10.1007/s13353-024-00839-2. [PMID: 38459407 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-024-00839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare genetic skin fragility disorders, which are hereditary. These disorders are associated with mutations in at least 16 genes that encode components of the epidermal adhesion complex. Currently, there are no effective treatments for this disorder. All current treatment approaches focus on topical treatments to prevent complications and infections. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the treatment of the severe genetic skin blistering condition known as EB through preclinical and clinical advancements. Promising developments have emerged in the areas of protein and cell therapies, such as allogeneic stem cell transplantation; in addition, RNA-based therapies and gene therapy approaches have also become a reality. Stem cells obtained from embryonic or adult tissues, including the skin, are undifferentiated cells with the ability to generate, maintain, and replace fully developed cells and tissues. Recent advancements in preclinical and clinical research have significantly enhanced stem cell therapy, presenting a promising treatment option for various diseases that are not effectively addressed by current medical treatments. Different types of stem cells such as primarily hematopoietic and mesenchymal, obtained from the patient or from a donor, have been utilized to treat severe forms of diseases, each with some beneficial effects. In addition, extensive research has shown that gene transfer methods targeting allogeneic and autologous epidermal stem cells to replace or correct the defective gene are promising. These methods can regenerate and restore the adhesion of primary keratinocytes in EB patients. The long-term treatment of skin lesions in a small number of patients has shown promising results through the transplantation of skin grafts produced from gene-corrected autologous epidermal stem cells. This article attempts to summarize the current situation, potential development prospects, and some of the challenges related to the cell therapy approach for EB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Gila
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahab Alamdari-Palangi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maedeh Rafiee
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Arezoo Jokar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sajad Ehtiaty
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aria Dianatinasab
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Jafar Fallahi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Raoufinia R, Rahimi HR, Keyhanvar N, Moghbeli M, Abdyazdani N, Rostami M, Naghipoor K, Forouzanfar F, Foroudi S, Saburi E. Advances in Treatments for Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB): Emphasis on Stem Cell-Based Therapy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10697-4. [PMID: 38430362 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare genetic dermatosis characterized by skin fragility and blister formation. With a wide phenotypic spectrum and potential extracutaneous manifestations, EB poses significant morbidity and mortality risks. Currently classified into four main subtypes based on the level of skin cleavage, EB is caused by genetic mutations affecting proteins crucial for maintaining skin integrity. The management of EB primarily focuses on preventing complications and treating symptoms through wound care, pain management, and other supportive measures. However, recent advancements in the fields of stem cell therapy, tissue engineering, and gene therapy have shown promise as potential treatments for EB. Stem cells capable of differentiating into skin cells, have demonstrated positive outcomes in preclinical and early clinical trials by promoting wound healing and reducing inflammation. Gene therapy, on the other hand, aims to correct the underlying genetic defects responsible for EB by introducing functional copies of mutated genes or modifying existing genes to restore protein function. Particularly for severe subtypes like Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa (RDEB), gene therapy holds significant potential. This review aims to evaluate the role of new therapeutic approaches in the treatment of EB. The review includes findings from studies conducted on humans. While early studies and clinical trials have shown promising results, further research and trials are necessary to establish the safety and efficacy of these innovative approaches for EB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Raoufinia
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Neda Keyhanvar
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nima Abdyazdani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rostami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Karim Naghipoor
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Foroudi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ferdowsi, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Hashem HR, Amin BH, Yosri M. Investigation of the potential roles of adipose stem cells and substances of natural origin in the healing process of E. coli infected wound model in Rats. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102214. [PMID: 37690258 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Skin infections by pathogenic microorganisms are a serious problem due to the potential of dissemination through the bloodstream to various organs causing toxic effects that may be up to mortality. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most predominant Gram-negative bacterial species present globally with great attention for investigation. The current study is designed to investigate the possible role of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), as well as natural products such as Trichoderma viride (T. viride) extract, Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) solution in the enhancement of wound healing process in the infected skin with E. coli. Ninety-six female rats were divided into 8 groups (12 animal/group): normal skin, wounded skin, wounded skin infected with E. coli, infected-wounded skin treated by ADSCs, infected-wounded skin treated by T. viride extract, infected-wounded skin treated by S. boulardii solution, infected-wounded skin treated a combination of treatments, infected-wounded skin treated by gentamicin. At day 21 animal weights and bacterial count were detected and compared. Animals were sacrificed and skin from various groups was investigated using a light microscope for sections stained by (hematoxylin eosin, Masson trichrome, and PCNA) as well as transmission electron microscopy. Pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, TNF- α, and IL-13), anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4), and antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and catalase) were assessed in various groups revealing that ADSCs lightly shift levels of these parameters in various rat groups to regular levels, while administration of T. viride extract, S. boulardii solution, their combination with ADSCs and gentamicin treatment drive the tested cytokines and enzymes to significant levels similar to a normal level where combination therapy gave the best result. The current findings revealed the possibility of using certain natural products as possible substitutes to regularly applied antibiotics with successive protective results in the wound infection model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba R Hashem
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basma H Amin
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11787, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Yosri
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11787, Egypt.
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Naso G, Gkazi S, Georgiadis C, Jayarajan V, Jacków J, Fleck R, Allison L, Ogunbiyi O, McGrath J, Ilic D, Di W, Petrova A, Qasim W. Cytosine deaminase base editing to restore COL7A1 in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa human:murine skin model. JID INNOVATIONS 2023; 3:100191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2023.100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
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du Rand A, Hunt JMT, Feisst V, Sheppard HM. Epidermolysis Bullosa: A Review of the Tissue-Engineered Skin Substitutes Used to Treat Wounds. Mol Diagn Ther 2022; 26:627-643. [PMID: 36251245 PMCID: PMC9626425 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00613-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Skin wound healing is a crucial process for regenerating healthy skin and avoiding the undesired consequences associated with open skin wounds. For epidermolysis bullosa (EB), a debilitating group of fragile skin disorders currently without a cure, skin blistering can often be severe and heal poorly, increasing susceptibility to life-threatening complications. To prevent these, investigational therapies have been exploring the use of tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESSs) aimed at replacing damaged skin and promoting long-term wound closure. These products have either been developed in house or commercially sourced and are composed of allogeneic or autologous human skin cells, often with some form of bioscaffolding. They can be broadly classified based on their cellular composition: keratinocytes (epidermal substitutes), fibroblasts (dermal substitutes) or a combination of both (composite substitutes). Encouraging long-term wound healing has been achieved with epidermal substitutes. However, these substitutes have not demonstrated the same efficacy for all patients, which may be due to the molecular heterogeneity observed between EB subtypes. Autologous composite TESSs, which more closely resemble native human skin, are therefore being investigated and may hold promise for treating an extended range of patients. Additionally, future TESSs for EB are focused on using gene-corrected patient skin cells, which have already demonstrated remarkable long-term wound healing capabilities. In this review, we provide an overview of the different TESSs that have been investigated in clinical studies to treat patients with EB, as well as their long-term wound healing results. Where available, we describe the methods used to develop these products to inform future efforts in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex du Rand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - John M. T. Hunt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vaughan Feisst
- The School of Biological Sciences (SBS), University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010 New Zealand
| | - Hilary M. Sheppard
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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