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Zhou S, Ding S, Xu H, Zhu L, Wang S. Development and CO 2 capture of nitrogen-enriched microporous carbon by coupling waste polyamides with lignocellulosic biomass. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 369:122384. [PMID: 39241590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Due to the substantial emissions of global CO2, there has been growing interest in nitrogen-enriched porous carbonaceous materials that possess exceptional CO2 capture capabilities. In this study, a novel N-enriched microporous carbon was synthesized by integrating waste polyamides with lignocellulosic biomass, involving carbonization and physicochemical activation. As-synthesized adsorbents demonstrated significant characteristics including a high specific surface area (1710 m2/g) and a large micropore volume (0.497 cm3/g), as well as abundant N- and O-containing functional groups, achieved through activation at 700 °C. They displayed remarkable CO2 capture capability, achieving uptake levels of up to 6.71 mmol/g at 1 bar and 0 °C, primarily due to the filling effect of narrow micropore along with electrostatic interaction. Furthermore, the adsorbent exhibited a rapid capacity for CO2 capture, achieving 94.9% of its saturation capacity within a mere 5 min at 30 °C. This impressive performance was accurately described by the pseudo second-order dynamic model. Additionally, as-synthesized adsorbents displayed a moderate isosteric heat of CO2 adsorption, as well as superior selectivity over N2. Even after undergoing five consecutive cycles, it maintained ∼100% of its initial capacity. Undoubtedly, such findings hold immense significance in the mitigation of global plastic pollution and greenhouse effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shaoqiu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Haiyang Xu
- College of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Lingjun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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2
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Wu JC, Chang JY, Yuan X, Khan E, Ok YS, Hou CH. Upcycling waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles into high-performance activated carbon for electrochemical desalination. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143029. [PMID: 39111673 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Upcycling waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles has attracted intensive research interests. This simultaneously alleviates plastic pollution and achieves a waste-to-resource strategy. Waste PET water bottles were used to fabricate value-added activated carbon (AC) electrodes for capacitive deionization (CDI). The KOH activation temperature (greater than 700 °C) prominently affected the physi-chemical properties and desalination performance of PET-derived activated carbons (PET-AC). Profiting from a large Brunauer-Emmet-Teller specific surface area (1448 m2 g-1) with a good mesoporous structure (the ratio of the mesopore volume to the total pore volume was 41.3%), PET-AC-1000 (activated at 1000 °C) possessed a huge specific capacitance of 108 F g-1 for capacitive ion storage. Moreover, when utilized as the electrode material in single-pass CDI, PET-AC-1000 exhibited a maximum electrosorption capacity of 10.82 ± 0.11 mg g-1 and a low level of energy consumption (0.07 kWh mol-1), associated with good electrochemical charging-discharging cyclic stability. The results provide a promising facile approach to tackle the challenge of plastic pollution and promote the advancement of electrode materials for economic affordable and energy-efficient electrochemical desalination process, which meets the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhen-Cih Wu
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Yao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Xiangzhou Yuan
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea; Ministry of Education of Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
| | - Chia-Hung Hou
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Research Center for Future Earth, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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3
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Duong LTK, Nguyen TTT, Nguyen LM, Hoang TH, Nguyen DTC, Tran TV. A waste-to-wealth conversion of plastic bottles into effective carbon-based adsorbents for removal of tetracycline antibiotic from water. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 255:119144. [PMID: 38751006 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Currently, plastic waste and antibiotic wastewater are two of the most critical environmental problems, calling for urgent measures to take. A waste-to-wealth strategy for the conversion of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic bottles into value-added materials such as carbon composite is highly recommended to clean wastewater contaminated by antibiotics. Inspired by this idea, we develop a novel PET-AC-ZFO composite by incorporating PET plastic-derived KOH-activated carbon (AC) with ZnFe2O4 (ZFO) particles for adsorptive removal of tetracycline (TTC). PET-derived carbon (PET-C), KOH-activated PET-derived carbon (PET-AC), and PET-AC-ZFO were characterized using physicochemical analyses. Central composite design (CCD) was used to obtain a quadratic model by TTC concentration (K), adsorbent dosage (L), and pH (M). PET-AC-ZFO possessed micropores (d ≈ 2 nm) and exceptionally high surface area of 1110 m2 g-1. Nearly 90% TTC could be removed by PET-AC-ZFO composite. Bangham kinetic and Langmuir isotherm were two most fitted models. Theoretical maximum TTC adsorption capacity was 45.1 mg g-1. This study suggested the role of hydrogen bonds, pore-filling interactions, and π-π interactions as the main interactions of the adsorption process. Thus, a strategy for conversion of PET bottles into PET-AC-ZFO can contribute to both plastic recycling and antibiotic wastewater mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loan Thi Kim Duong
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Viet Nam; Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Thuy Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Luan Minh Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1A TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Thu Hien Hoang
- Amazon Corporate Headquarters, 440 Terry Ave North, Seattle, WA 98109-5210, United States
| | - Duyen Thi Cam Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Viet Nam.
| | - Thuan Van Tran
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Viet Nam.
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4
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Serafin J, Dziejarski B. Activated carbons-preparation, characterization and their application in CO 2 capture: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:40008-40062. [PMID: 37326723 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28023-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the latest research trends in terms of the preparation, and characteristics of activated carbons regarding CO2 adsorption applications, with a special focus on future investigation paths. The reported current research trends are primarily closely related to the synthesis conditions (carbonization and physical or chemical activation process), to develop the microporosity and surface area, which are the most important factors affecting the effectiveness of adsorption. Furthermore, we emphasized the importance of regeneration techniques as a factor determining the actual technological and economic suitability of a given material for CO2 capture application. Consequently, this work provides a summary and potential directions for the development of activated carbons (AC). We attempt to create a thorough theoretical foundation for activated carbons while also focusing on identifying and specific statements of the most relevant ongoing research scope that might be advantageous to progress and pursue in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Serafin
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí I Franquès, 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Bartosz Dziejarski
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Division of Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
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5
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Manjunathan J, Pavithra K, Nangan S, Prakash S, Saxena KK, Sharma K, Muzammil K, Verma D, Gnanapragasam JR, Ramasubburayan R, Revathi M. Polyethylene terephthalate waste derived nanomaterials (WDNMs) and its utilization in electrochemical devices. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141541. [PMID: 38423149 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Plastics are a vital component of our daily lives in the contemporary globalization period; they are present in all facets of modern life. Because the bulk of synthetic plastics utilized in the market are non-biodegradable by nature, the issues associated with their contamination are unavoidable in an era dominated by polymers. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is extensively used in industries such as automotive, packaging, textile, food, and beverages production represents a major share of these non-biodegradable polymer productions. Given its extensive application across various sectors, PET usage results in a considerable amount of post-consumer waste, majority of which require disposal after a certain period. However, the recycling of polymeric waste materials has emerged as a prominent topic in research, driven by growing environmental consciousness. Numerous studies indicate that products derived from polymeric waste can be converted into a new polymeric resource in diverse sectors, including organic coatings and regenerative medicine. This review aims to consolidate significant scientific literatures on the recycling PET waste for electrochemical device applications. It also highlights the current challenges in scaling up these processes for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Manjunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, 600117, India
| | - K Pavithra
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, 600 117, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Senthilkumar Nangan
- Department of Chemistry, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarkhand, India; Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, 174103, India
| | - S Prakash
- Department of Basic Sciences, Institute of Fisheries Post Graduate Studies, Tamilnadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, OMR Campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kuldeep K Saxena
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Kuldeep Sharma
- Centre for Research Impact and Outcomes, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, 62561, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepak Verma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, Uttarkhand, India
| | | | - R Ramasubburayan
- Centre for Marine Research and Conservation, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - M Revathi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, 600 117, Tamilnadu, India.
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6
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Pattanshetti A, Koli A, Dhabbe R, Yu XY, Motkuri RK, Chavan VD, Kim DK, Sabale S. Polymer Waste Valorization into Advanced Carbon Nanomaterials for Potential Energy and Environment Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300647. [PMID: 38243849 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The rise in universal population and accompanying demands have directed toward an exponential surge in the generation of polymeric waste. The estimate predicts that world-wide plastic production will rise to ≈590 million metric tons by 2050, whereas 5000 million more tires will be routinely abandoned by 2030. Handling this waste and its detrimental consequences on the Earth's ecosystem and human health presents a significant challenge. Converting the wastes into carbon-based functional materials viz. activated carbon, graphene, and nanotubes is considered the most scientific and adaptable method. Herein, this world provides an overview of the various sources of polymeric wastes, modes of build-up, impact on the environment, and management approaches. Update on advances and novel modifications made in methodologies for converting diverse types of polymeric wastes into carbon nanomaterials over the last 5 years are given. A remarkable focus is made to comprehend the applications of polymeric waste-derived carbon nanomaterials (PWDCNMs) in the CO2 capture, removal of heavy metal ions, supercapacitor-based energy storage and water splitting with an emphasis on the correlation between PWDCNMs' properties and their performances. This review offers insights into emerging developments in the upcycling of polymeric wastes and their applications in environment and energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshata Pattanshetti
- Department of Chemistry, Jaysingpur College Jaysingpur (Shivaji University Kolhapur), Jaysingpur, 416101, India
| | - Amruta Koli
- Department of Chemistry, Jaysingpur College Jaysingpur (Shivaji University Kolhapur), Jaysingpur, 416101, India
| | - Rohant Dhabbe
- Department of Chemistry, Jaysingpur College Jaysingpur (Shivaji University Kolhapur), Jaysingpur, 416101, India
| | - Xiao-Ying Yu
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Radha Kishan Motkuri
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, 99354, USA
| | - Vijay D Chavan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Deok-Kee Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Sandip Sabale
- Department of Chemistry, Jaysingpur College Jaysingpur (Shivaji University Kolhapur), Jaysingpur, 416101, India
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7
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Efimov M, Vasilev A, Muratov D, Panin A, Malozovskaya M, Karpacheva G. Application of Infrared Pyrolysis and Chemical Post-Activation in the Conversion of Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste into Porous Carbons for Water Purification. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:891. [PMID: 38611149 PMCID: PMC11013903 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we compared the conversion of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into porous carbons for water purification using pyrolysis and post-activation with KOH. Pyrolysis was conducted at 400-850 °C, followed by KOH activation at 850 °C for samples pyrolyzed at 400, 650, and 850 °C. Both pyrolyzed and post-activated carbons showed high specific surface areas, up to 504.2 and 617.7 m2 g-1, respectively. As the pyrolysis temperature increases, the crystallite size of the graphite phase rises simultaneously with a decrease in specific surface area. This phenomenon significantly influences the final specific surface area values of the activated samples. Despite their relatively high specific surface areas, pyrolyzed PET-derived carbons prove unsuitable as adsorbents for purifying aqueous media from methylene blue dye. A sample pyrolyzed at 650 °C, with a surface area of 504.2 m2 g-1, exhibited a maximum adsorption value of only 20.4 mg g-1. We propose that the pyrolyzed samples have a surface coating of amorphous carbon poor in oxygen groups, impeding the diffusion of dye molecules. Conversely, post-activated samples emerge as promising adsorbents, exhibiting a maximum adsorption capacity of up to 127.7 mg g-1. This suggests their potential for efficient dye removal in water purification applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Efimov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninskiy Prospekt 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia (G.K.)
| | - Andrey Vasilev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninskiy Prospekt 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia (G.K.)
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskiy Prospekt 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Muratov
- Department of Electronics Materials Technology, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskiy Prospekt 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Panin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninskiy Prospekt 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia (G.K.)
| | - Maria Malozovskaya
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Academic Kurchatov Sq. 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina Karpacheva
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninskiy Prospekt 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia (G.K.)
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8
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Zhou S, Xu H, Wang S, Feng H, Hu Y, Zhang S. Low temperature and facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon derived from waste polyethylene terephthalate for efficient CO 2 capture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169856. [PMID: 38190916 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with high carbon content (>60 wt%) has shown great potential in the field of synthesizing carbon materials for CO2 capture, attracting increasing attention. Herein, an innovative strategy was proposed to synthesize nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon (PC) for CO2 capture using PET as precursor and sodium amide (NaNH2) as both nitrogen dopant and low-temperature activator. As-synthesized N-doped PC exhibited a significantly high micropore volume of 0.755 cm3/g and a rich content of N- and O-containing functional groups, offering ample active sites for CO2 molecules. Further, the adsorbents demonstrated excellent CO2 capture capacity, achieving 5.7 mmol/g (0 °C) and 3.3 mmol/g (25 °C) at 1 bar, respectively. This was primarily attributed to the synergistic effect of narrow micropores filling and electrostatic interactions. Moreover, as-synthesized PC exhibited rapid CO2 adsorption capability, and its dynamic adsorption process was effectively described using a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. After five consecutive cycles, PET-derived PC still maintained ~100 % of adsorption capacity. They also possessed good CO2/N2 selectivity and reasonable isosteric heat of adsorption. Therefore, as-synthesized nitrogen-doped PC is a promising CO2 adsorbent through low-temperature activation of carbonized PET with NaNH2. Such findings have substantial implications for waste plastic recycling and mitigating the greenhouse effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Haiyang Xu
- College of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Shurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Hongyu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yanjun Hu
- Institute of Thermal and Power Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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9
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Dan E, McCue AJ, Dionisi D, Fernández Martín C. Household mixed plastic waste derived adsorbents for CO 2 capture: A feasibility study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 355:120466. [PMID: 38437744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The feasibility of producing activated carbon (AC) from real Household Mixed Plastic Waste (HMPW) comprising of LDPE, HDPE, PP, PS, and PET for carbon capture via direct carbonisation followed by microwave-assisted or conventional thermally assisted chemical activation was investigated. A microwave-assisted activation procedure was adopted to assess the impact on the CO2 capture capacity of the resulting AC using both a lower temperature (400 °C vs. 700 °C) and a shorter duration (5 vs. 120 mins) than that required for conventional activation. The results obtained showed that the AC yield was 71 and 78% for the conventional and microwave-assisted samples, respectively. Microwave activation consumed five-fold less energy (0.19 kWh) than the conventional activation (0.98 kWh). Thermal stability results indicated total weight loss of 10.0 and 8.3 wt%, respectively, for conventional and microwave-activated samples over the temperature range of 25-1000 °C, with ACs from both activation routes displaying a type 1 nitrogen isotherm. The dynamic CO2 uptake capacity at 1 bar and 25 °C was 1.53 mmol/g, with maximum equilibrium uptake ranging between 1.32 and 2.39 mmol/g at temperatures (0-50 °C) and 1 bar for the conventionally activated AC. The analogous microwave-activated sample showed a higher dynamic CO2 uptake of 1.62 mmol/g and equilibrium uptake in the range 1.58-2.88 mmol/g under equivalent conditions. The results therefore indicate that microwave activation results in enhanced carbon capture potential. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first-time microwave heating has been employed to convert household mixed plastic wastes directly into ACs for carbon capture applications. This report therefore demonstrates that the management of mixed plastics could lead to the development of a circular economy through the conversion of waste into value-added materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Dan
- School of Engineering, Chemical Processes and Materials Research Group, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Alan J McCue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Davide Dionisi
- School of Engineering, Chemical Processes and Materials Research Group, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Claudia Fernández Martín
- School of Engineering, Chemical Processes and Materials Research Group, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK; Centre for Energy Transition, University of Aberdeen, UK.
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10
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Jedynak K, Charmas B. Application of Activated Carbons Obtained from Polymer Waste for the Adsorption of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:748. [PMID: 38591596 PMCID: PMC10856332 DOI: 10.3390/ma17030748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Plastic waste disposal is a major environmental problem worldwide. One recycling method for polymeric materials is their conversion into carbon materials. Therefore, a process of obtaining activated carbons through the carbonization of waste CDs (as the selected carbon precursor) in an oxygen-free atmosphere, and then the physical activation of the obtained material with CO2, was developed. Dyes such as methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) are commonly applied in industry, which contaminate the water environment to a large extent and have a harmful effect on living organisms; therefore, adsorption studies were carried out for these cationic dyes. The effects of the activation time on the physicochemical properties of the activated materials and the adsorption capacity of the dyes were investigated. The obtained microporous adsorbents were characterized by studying the porous structure based on low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), elemental analysis (CHNS), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG, DTG, DTA), Boehm's titration method, and pHpzc (the point of zero charge) determination. Moreover, adsorption studies (equilibrium and kinetics) were carried out. The maximum adsorption capacities (qm exp) of MB and MG (349 mg g-1 and 274 mg g-1, respectively) were identified for the obtained material after 8 h of activation. The results show that the use of waste CDs as a carbon precursor facilitates the production of low-cost and effective adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Jedynak
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka Str. 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Barbara Charmas
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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11
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Bian X, Xia G, Xin JH, Jiang S, Ma K. Applications of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) based nanostructured materials: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141076. [PMID: 38169200 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
While polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has enjoyed widespread use, a large volume of plastic waste has also been produced as a result, which is detrimental to the environment. Traditional treatment of plastic waste, such as landfilling and incinerating waste, causes environmental pollution and poses risks to public health. Recycling PET waste into useful chemicals or upcycling the waste into high value-added materials can be remedies. This review first provides a brief introduction of the synthesis, structure, properties, and applications of virgin PET. Then the conversion process of waste PET into high value-added materials for different applications are introduced. The conversion mechanisms (including degradation, recycling and upcycling) are detailed. The advanced applications of these upgraded materials in energy storage devices (supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, and microbial fuel cells), and for water treatment (to remove dyes, heavy metals, and antibiotics), environmental remediation (for air filtration, CO2 adsorption, and oil removal) and catalysis (to produce H2, photoreduce CO2, and remove toxic chemicals) are discussed at length. In general, this review details the exploration of advanced technologies for the transformation of waste PET into nanostructured materials for various applications, and provides insights into the role of high value-added waste products in sustainability and economic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Bian
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Xia
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - John H Xin
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Shouxiang Jiang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kaikai Ma
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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12
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Wang Y, Tang X, XinWei, Gao S, Jiang L, Yi Y. Study of CO 2 adsorption on carbon aerogel fibers prepared by electrospinning. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119432. [PMID: 37948959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The exacerbation of climate change has made the development of alternative and sustainable technologies to achieve carbon neutrality an urgent matter. The intricate preparation and arduous recovery of conventionally prepared CO2 solid adsorbents make their large-scale application a significant challenge, which significantly limits the application of the adsorbent. To address this problem, we have innovatively adopted a novel strategy of electrospinning and one-step carbonization to fabricate microporous carbon aerogel fibers (CAFs) as solid adsorbents for CO2. This method offers the advantages of a simple process, cost-effectiveness, and stable performance. The designed CAFs possess a high specific surface area (1188.628 m2/g), an appropriate distribution of pore size (0.54-0.64 nm), and about 15 at% oxygen-containing functional groups without activation or doping. At 0 °C, the CAFs-800 (800 is the carbonization temperature) exhibit a maximum capture capacity of 4.25 mmol/g, and after 5 times cycles, the adsorption capacity remains above 97%; at 25 °C, the maximum capture capacity reaches 3.57 mmol/g of CAFs-800, surpassing similar materials by more than 20%, demonstrating excellent adsorption capacity and stability towards CO2. These results indicate that the CAFs hold great promise for CO2 capture and storage with exceptional advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China
| | - Xiaodi Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China
| | - XinWei
- State Key Laboratory for Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China
| | - Shijie Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China
| | - Lili Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China
| | - Yong Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, PR China.
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13
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Zhou X, Zhu L, Dong W, Jiang M. Solving two environmental problems simultaneously:Microporous carbon derived from mixed plastic waste for CO 2 capture. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140546. [PMID: 37890795 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of plastic waste into porous carbon for CO2 capture is an attractive approach to solve the carbon emission and plastic pollution problems, simultaneously. However, the previous studies are limited to the utilization of single PET plastic. The conversion of mixed plastic waste (MPW), which is of more practical significance, is seldom reported. In this study, mixed plastic waste was converted into porous carbon materials for CO2 capture through cascading autogenic pressure carbonization (APC) and chemical activation. The carbon yield of 56% was achieved through APC of MPW. The activator (KOH) dosage had significant effects on the structure and properties of the prepared porous carbons. Porous carbon prepared with KOH/C ratio of 4 had the largest micropore area and the maximum CO2 adsorption was 2.7 mmol g-1 at 298 K and 1 bar. The experimental data were well fitted to the pesudo first-order kinetic model. The MPW derived porous carbon exhibited not only high CO2 uptake capacity, but also fast adsorption rate, good selectivity of CO2 over N2 and good cyclic stability, which could be regarded as a promising adsorbent for CO2 adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Waste Plastics Biocatalytic Degradation and Recycling, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Liyao Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Waste Plastics Biocatalytic Degradation and Recycling, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China
| | - Weiliang Dong
- Key Laboratory for Waste Plastics Biocatalytic Degradation and Recycling, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China.
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Waste Plastics Biocatalytic Degradation and Recycling, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China
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14
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Escamilla-Lara KA, Lopez-Tellez J, Rodriguez JA. Adsorbents obtained from recycled polymeric materials for retention of different pollutants: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139159. [PMID: 37290512 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric waste is an environmental problem, with an annual world production of approximately 368 million metric tons, and increasing every year. Therefore, different strategies for polymer waste treatment have been developed, and the most common are (1) redesign, (2) reusing and (3) recycling. The latter strategy represents a useful option to generate new materials. This work reviews the emerging trends in the development of adsorbent materials obtained from polymer wastes. Adsorbents are used in filtration systems or in extraction techniques for the removal of contaminants such as heavy metals, dyes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other organic compounds from air, biological and water samples. The methods used to obtain different adsorbents are detailed, as well as the interaction mechanisms with the compounds of interest (contaminants). The adsorbents obtained are an alternative to recycle polymeric and they are competitive with other materials applied in the removal and extraction of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Escamilla-Lara
- Area Academica de Quimica, Universidad Autonoma Del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, 42184, Mineral de La Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Jorge Lopez-Tellez
- Area Academica de Quimica, Universidad Autonoma Del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, 42184, Mineral de La Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Jose A Rodriguez
- Area Academica de Quimica, Universidad Autonoma Del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, 42184, Mineral de La Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico.
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15
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Efimov MN, Vasilev AA, Muratov DG, Kostev AI, Kolesnikov EA, Kiseleva SG, Karpacheva GP. Conversion of polyethylene terephthalate waste into high-yield porous carbon adsorbent via pyrolysis of dipotassium terephthalate. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 162:113-122. [PMID: 36965449 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A method for conversion of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste into porous carbon material is proposed. The recycling of PET bottle waste includes the stages of low-temperature hydrolysis of the polymer and subsequent pyrolysis at 800 °C. To provide PET hydrolysis at ∼150 °C and atmospheric pressure, the polymer was pre-dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and then an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide was added. The potassium terephthalate formed as a result of the alkaline hydrolysis of PET allows the carbon-containing precursor to be preserved for further activation to temperatures beyond 600 °C. The proposed method leads to the formation of a porous carbon material, increasing the yield of carbon residue to 25 wt%, which is higher compared to the yield of carbon residue in the direct pyrolysis of PET. The obtained porous carbon is characterized by graphite-like structure and specific surface area of ∼1100 m2 g-1. It has been shown that PET-derived carbon material can be used to remove pollutants from aqueous media. The adsorption properties of the carbon material were demonstrated by adsorption of methylene blue from an aqueous solution. The capacity of the carbon material was found to be 443 mg g-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Efimov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninskiy Prospekt 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - A A Vasilev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninskiy Prospekt 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - D G Muratov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninskiy Prospekt 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Kostev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninskiy Prospekt 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Kolesnikov
- National University of Science and Technology "MISiS", Leninskiy Prospekt. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - S G Kiseleva
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninskiy Prospekt 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - G P Karpacheva
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninskiy Prospekt 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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16
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Pérez-Huertas S, Calero M, Ligero A, Pérez A, Terpiłowski K, Martín-Lara MA. On the use of plastic precursors for preparation of activated carbons and their evaluation in CO 2 capture for biogas upgrading: a review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 161:116-141. [PMID: 36878040 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In circular economy, useful plastic materials are kept in circulation as opposed to being landfilled, incinerated, or leaked into the natural environment. Pyrolysis is a chemical recycling technique useful for unrecyclable plastic wastes that produce gas, liquid (oil), and solid (char) products. Although the pyrolysis technique has been extensively studied and there are several installations applying it on the industrial scale, no commercial applications for the solid product have been found yet. In this scenario, the use of plastic-based char for the biogas upgrading may be a sustainable way to transform the solid product of pyrolysis into a particularly beneficial material. This paper reviews the preparation and main parameters of the processes affecting the final textural properties of the plastic-based activated carbons. Moreover, the application of those materials for the CO2 capture in the processes of biogas upgrading is largely discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pérez-Huertas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - M Calero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - A Ligero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - A Pérez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - K Terpiłowski
- Department of Interfacial Phenomena, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, M. Curie Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| | - M A Martín-Lara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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17
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Bhattacharya R. A review on production and application of activated carbon from discarded plastics in the context of 'waste treats waste'. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116613. [PMID: 36327607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the post-COVID scenario, the annual increase in plastic waste has taken an upsurge due to the disposal of plastic masks, gloves and other protective equipment. To reduce the plastic load ending up in landfills and oceans or dumped at roadsides, the potential of using plastic polymers in different sectors has been investigated over the years leading to their potential application in pavement laying, concrete industry, fuel generation and production of carbon-based compounds among which activated carbons (AC) is a prime example. As one of the most recommended adsorbents for removing contaminants from water and adsorbing greenhouse gases, AC creates a potential sector for using discarded plastic to further treat pollutants and approach closer to a circular economy for plastics. This paper analyses the production process, the effect of production parameters on AC characteristics and properties that aid in adsorption. The interdependence of these factors determines the surface area, porosity, relative micropore and mesopore volume, thereby defining the utility for removing contaminant molecules of a particular size. Furthermore, this work discusses the application of AC along with a summary of the earlier works leading to the existing gaps in the research area. Production costs, formation of by-products including toxic substances and adsorbate selectivity are the major issues that have restricted the commercial application of this process towards its practical use. Research aimed at valorization of plastic waste into ACs would minimize the solid waste burden, along with treating other pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roumi Bhattacharya
- Research Scholar, Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Engineering, Science and Technology, Shibpur, India.
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18
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Li S, Cho MK, Lee KB, Deng S, Zhao L, Yuan X, Wang J. Diamond in the rough: Polishing waste polyethylene terephthalate into activated carbon for CO 2 capture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155262. [PMID: 35447186 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The scientific community has believed the potential of waste PET plastics as an effective carbon precursor, however, developing PET-derived activated carbons (PETACs) for a specific application is still a challenge we are facing. To overcome the limitation, a whole chain from development method screening to experiments design, finally to sample optimization, for a sample with promising performance, is proposed in this work. By employing PETACs as CO2 adsorbents, the waste PET plastics, which we believed the "diamond in the rough", have been polished successfully. Therewith the problems of plastic pollution and the greenhouse effect could be simultaneously solved. The first half part of this paper is a mini review: the PETACs development methods were reviewed and the most suitable solution to develop CO2 adsorbent, i.e., the two-step chemical activation method, was selected. In addition to that, the necessary procedure variables and their value range were determined. In the second half part, the central composite design method was applied for experiments design in which the procedure variables obtained were regarded as the independent indicators (factors here) while the performance indicators, including yield, CO2 adsorption uptake, and CO2 over N2 selectivity, were treated as the dependent indicators (responses here). The responses were obtained through the characterization of the samples developed and statistical analysis could be applied to reveal the relations between the factors and responses. A high-value PETAC, P600K600-1.5, with the highest gas selectivity (22.189) and decent CO2 adsorption uptake (3.933 mmol/g) was successfully designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300350, China; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Kyung Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Bong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shuai Deng
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiangzhou Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; R&D Centre, Sun Brand Industrial Inc., Jeollanam-do 57248, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyao Wang
- Guangdong Research Center for Climate Change, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
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19
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Carbon Dioxide Capture through Physical and Chemical Adsorption Using Porous Carbon Materials: A Review. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13030397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Due to rapid industrialization and urban development across the globe, the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) has been significantly increased, resulting in adverse effects on the climate and ecosystems. In this regard, carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered to be a promising technology in reducing atmospheric CO2 concentration. Among the CO2 capture technologies, adsorption has grabbed significant attention owing to its advantageous characteristics discovered in recent years. Porous carbon-based materials have emerged as one of the most versatile CO2 adsorbents. Numerous research activities have been conducted by synthesizing carbon-based adsorbents using different precursors to investigate their performances towards CCS. Additionally, amine-functionalized carbon-based adsorbents have exhibited remarkable potential for selective capturing of CO2 in the presence of other gases and humidity conditions. The present review describes the CO2 emission sources, health, and environmental impacts of CO2 towards the human beings, options for CCS, and different CO2 separation technologies. Apart from the above, different synthesis routes of carbon-based adsorbents using various precursors have been elucidated. The CO2 adsorption selectivity, capacity, and reusability of the current and applied carbon materials have also been summarized. Furthermore, the critical factors controlling the adsorption performance (e.g., the effect of textural and functional properties) are comprehensively discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future research directions have also been summarized.
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20
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Transforming Plastic Waste into Porous Carbon for Capturing Carbon Dioxide: A Review. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14248421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plastic waste generation has increased dramatically every day. Indiscriminate disposal of plastic wastes can lead to several negative impacts on the environment, such as a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions and water pollution. Therefore, it is wise to think of other alternatives to reduce plastic wastes without affecting the environment, including converting them into valuable products using effective methods such as pyrolysis. Products from the pyrolysis process encompassing of liquid, gas, and solid residues (char) can be turned into beneficial products, as the liquid product can be used as a commercial fuel and char can function as an excellent adsorbent. The char produced from plastic wastes could be modified to enhance carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption performance. Therefore, this review attempts to compile relevant knowledge on the potential of adsorbents derived from waste plastic to capture CO2. This review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The plastic-waste-derived activated carbon, as an adsorbent, could provide a promising method to solve the two environmental issues (CO2 emission and solid management) simultaneously. In addition, the future perspective on char derived from waste plastics is highlighted.
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21
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Choi J, Yang I, Kim SS, Cho SY, Lee S. Upcycling Plastic Waste into High Value-Added Carbonaceous Materials. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 43:e2100467. [PMID: 34643991 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Even though plastic improved the human standard of living, handling the plastic waste represents an enormous challenge. It takes more than 100 years to decompose discarded or buried waste plastics. Microplastics are one of the causes of significantly pervasive environmental pollutants. The incineration of plastic waste generates toxic gases, underscoring the need for new approaches, in contrast to conventional strategies that are required for recycling plastic waste. Therefore, several studies have attempted to upcycle plastic waste into high value-added products. Converting plastic waste into carbonaceous materials is an excellent upcycling technique due to their diverse practical applications. This review summarizes various studies dealing with the upcycling of plastic waste into carbonaceous products. Further, this review discusses the applications of carbonaceous products synthesized from plastic waste including carbon fibers, absorbents for water purification, and electrodes for energy storage. Based on the findings, future directions for effective upcycling of plastic waste into carbonaceous materials are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Choi
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92 Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Inchan Yang
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92 Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92 Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Youn Cho
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92 Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Lee
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92 Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55324, Republic of Korea.,Department of Quantum System Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
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22
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Attia AAM, Abas KM, Ahmed Nada AA, Shouman MAH, Šišková AO, Mosnáček J. Fabrication, Modification, and Characterization of Lignin-Based Electrospun Fibers Derived from Distinctive Biomass Sources. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2277. [PMID: 34301035 PMCID: PMC8309332 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
From the environmental point of view, there is high demand for the preparation of polymeric materials for various applications from renewable and/or waste sources. New lignin-based spun fibers were produced, characterized, and probed for use in methylene blue (MB) dye removal in this study. The lignin was extracted from palm fronds (PF) and banana bunch (BB) feedstock using catalytic organosolv treatment. Different polymer concentrations of either a plasticized blend of renewable polymers such as polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate blend (PLA-PHB-ATBC) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a potential waste material were used as matrices to generate lignin-based fibers by the electrospinning technique. The samples with the best fiber morphologies were further modified after iodine handling to ameliorate and expedite the thermostabilization process. To investigate the adsorption of MB dye from aqueous solution, two approaches of fiber modification were utilized. First, electrospun fibers were carbonized at 500 °C with aim of generating lignin-based carbon fibers with a smooth appearance. The second method used an in situ oxidative chemical polymerization of m-toluidine monomer to modify electrospun fibers, which were then nominated by hybrid composites. SEM, TGA, FT-IR, BET, elemental analysis, and tensile measurements were employed to evaluate the composition, morphology, and characteristics of manufactured fibers. The hybrid composite formed from an OBBL/PET fiber mat has been shown to be a promising adsorbent material with a capacity of 9 mg/g for MB dye removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Abdel Meguid Attia
- Laboratory of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, National Research Center, 33 El-Bohouth St., Giza 12622, Egypt; (K.M.A.); (M.A.H.S.)
| | - Khadiga Mohamed Abas
- Laboratory of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, National Research Center, 33 El-Bohouth St., Giza 12622, Egypt; (K.M.A.); (M.A.H.S.)
| | - Ahmed Ali Ahmed Nada
- Pretreatment and Finishing of Cellulose Based Textiles Department, National Research Center, Giza 12622, Egypt;
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mona Abdel Hamid Shouman
- Laboratory of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, National Research Center, 33 El-Bohouth St., Giza 12622, Egypt; (K.M.A.); (M.A.H.S.)
| | - Alena Opálková Šišková
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Jaroslav Mosnáček
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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23
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Zhang H, Zhou XL, Shao LM, Lü F, He PJ. Upcycling of PET waste into methane-rich gas and hierarchical porous carbon for high-performance supercapacitor by autogenic pressure pyrolysis and activation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 772:145309. [PMID: 33578147 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The explosive growth of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) wastes has brought serious pollution to the environment. Here, PET waste was upcycled into methane-rich pyrolysis gas and carbon material for energy storage through autogenic pressure pyrolysis and post-activation. The pyrolysis gas contained 34.58 ± 0.23 vol% CH4. After CO2 removal, the high caloric value of the pyrolysis gas could reach 29.2 MJ m-3, which could be used as a substitute natural gas. Pyrolytic carbon was further activated by KOH and ZnCl2. KOH-activated carbon (AC-K) obtained a hierarchical porous structure, a high specific surface area of 2683 m2 g-1 and abundant surface functional groups. Working as supercapacitor electrodes, AC-K exhibited an outstanding specific capacitance of 325 F g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A g-1. After 5000 charge-discharge cycles, AC-K still retained 91.86% of the initial specific capacitance. This study provides a sustainable way to control plastic-derived pollution and alleviate the energy crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Li-Ming Shao
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Fan Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Pin-Jing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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Poulose AM, Elnour AY, Kumar NS, Alhamidi A, George J, Al‐Ghurabi EH, Boumaza M, Al‐Zahrani S. Utilization of polyethylene terephthalate waste as a carbon filler in polypropylene matrix: Investigation of mechanical, rheological, and thermal properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anesh Manjaly Poulose
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sabic Polymer Research Center King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Abdullah Alhamidi
- Department of Chemical Engineering King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Justin George
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | | | - Mourad Boumaza
- Department of Chemical Engineering King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Al‐Zahrani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sabic Polymer Research Center King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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25
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Yuan X, Li S, Jeon S, Deng S, Zhao L, Lee KB. Valorization of waste polyethylene terephthalate plastic into N-doped microporous carbon for CO 2 capture through a one-pot synthesis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 399:123010. [PMID: 32937705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Valorization of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic into microporous carbon with N-doping treatment was successfully performed in a one-pot synthesis and the N-doped microporous carbon was used for CO2 capture, which can mitigate plastic pollution and climate change simultaneously. The PET-derived microporous carbon developed by KOH activation and urea treatment in a one-pot synthesis at 700 °C exhibited the highest CO2 adsorption uptake of 6.23 mmol g-1 at 0 °C and 4.58 mmol g-1 at 25 °C (1 atm). The Langmuir and pseudo second-order models displayed well-fitting relationships with equilibrium and kinetic experimental data obtained in this study. The N-doped microporous carbon showed high CO2 selectivity over N2, implying that it is feasible for treating flue gases (10% CO2 and 90% N2) at 50 °C. In addition, the CO2 uptake was not only affected by micropores but also related with nitrogen and oxygen functional groups. Compared to the porous carbon prepared by two-pot synthesis where KOH activation and urea treatment were conducted separately, the porous carbon prepared by one-pot synthesis had higher oxygen contents and higher CO2 adsorption uptake. All of findings implied that the N-doped microporous carbon was successfully developed from waste PET plastic for capturing CO2 and can play a promising role in both sustainable waste management and environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhou Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuangjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Sunbin Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuai Deng
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ki Bong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Hao L, Liu N, Zhang B, Niu R, Gong J, Tang T. Waste-to-wealth: Sustainable conversion of polyester waste into porous carbons as efficient solar steam generators. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Chia JWF, Sawai O, Nunoura T. Reaction pathway of poly(ethylene) terephthalate carbonization: Decomposition behavior based on carbonized product. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 108:62-69. [PMID: 32335488 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Char, a solid product obtained from carbonization of waste Poly(Ethylene) Terephthalate (PET), has high potential to solve the current plastic waste problem through the synthesis of new carbon-based adsorbents. However, thermal degradation reaction of polymer involves multiple series of complex reaction pathways and the formation of char is not clarified. In this study, the phase behavior of PET carbonization and the mechanism of char formation was studied in detail. Based on the van Krevelen diagram, it is evident that rapid thermal decomposition of PET occurs through decarbonylation to form char and decarboxylation to form wax. Based on the analysis of cross-linking behavior, a correlation between the degree of cross-linking as a function of CO and CO2 and dependent parameters based on the experimental operation was obtained. The findings validified the assumption that scission of CO bond in the ester group through decarbonylation and decarboxylation to release CO and CO2 leads to the formation of char. The cross-linking behavior was further clarified by studying the distribution of cross-linking structure in char and wax. It was confirmed that decarbonylation reaction to release CO is highly associated with the formation of cross-linking to form char in the solid residue, whereas decarboxylation reaction to release CO2 is highly associated with the formation of cross-linking to form aromatic compounds in the wax residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer W F Chia
- Department of Environment Systems, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
| | - Osamu Sawai
- Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Nunoura
- Department of Environment Systems, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan; Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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