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Kumari B, Keesari T, Roy A, Mohokar H, Pant HJ. Comprehensive assessment of groundwater quality in the Prayagraj District, Ganga Basin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34030-1. [PMID: 38977555 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Urbanization has severely impacted the world water resources especially the shallow groundwater systems. There is a need of a robust method for quantifying the water quality degradation, which is still a challenge for most of the urban centers across the world. In this study, a highly urbanized region of Ganga basin is selected to critically evaluate commonly used WQIs and compare with fuzzy modeling. A total of 28 water samples were collected from diverse sources (surface and groundwaters) in the vicinity of urban region covering an area of 216 km2 during the premonsoon period. TDS, TH, NO3-, and F- values were found to be above the permissible limits in 57%, 89%, 4%, and 7% samples, respectively. The WQIs (entropy and integrated) outputs were found to be similar with 89% of the samples falling under moderate category. Fuzzy modeling was carried out allowing user-defined weighting factors for the most influential ions, and the output suggested 96% of the samples falling under moderate to excellent categories. Based on the chemical results and considering the lithology of the study area, the geochemical reactions controlling the water quality were deduced. This study outlines a systematic approach of evaluating the overall water quality of an urban region highlighting the merits and limitations of WQIs. It also justifies the immediate need to generate more robust data to achieve the sustainable development goals 6 (clean water and sanitation) and 11 (sustainability of cities and human settlement).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhumika Kumari
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - Tirumalesh Keesari
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - Annadasankar Roy
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - Hemant Mohokar
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Harish Jagat Pant
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
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Elbeltagi A, Pande CB, Kumar M, Tolche AD, Singh SK, Kumar A, Vishwakarma DK. Prediction of meteorological drought and standardized precipitation index based on the random forest (RF), random tree (RT), and Gaussian process regression (GPR) models. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:43183-43202. [PMID: 36648725 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture, meteorological, and hydrological drought is a natural hazard which affects ecosystems in the central India of Maharashtra state. Due to limited historical data for drought monitoring and forecasting available in the central India of Maharashtra state, implementing machine learning (ML) algorithms could allow for the prediction of future drought events. In this paper, we have focused on the prediction accuracy of meteorological drought in the semi-arid region based on the standardized precipitation index (SPI) using the random forest (RF), random tree (RT), and Gaussian process regression (GPR-PUK kernel) models. A different combination of machine learning models and variables has been performed for the forecasting of metrological drought based on the SPI-6 and 12 months. Models were developed using monthly rainfall data for the period of 2000-2019 at two meteorological stations, namely, Karanjali and Gangawdi, each representing a geographical region of Upper Godavari river basin area in the central India of Maharashtra state which frequently experiences droughts. Historical data from the SPI from 2000 to 2013 was processed to train the model into machine learning model, and the rest of the 2014 to 2019-year data were used for testing to forecast the SPI and metrological drought. The mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), adjusted R2, Mallows' (Cp), Akaike's (AIC), Schwarz's (SBC), and Amemiya's PC were used to identify the best combination input model and best subregression analysis for both stations of SPI-6 and 12. The correlation coefficient ([Formula: see text]), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), relative absolute error (RAE), and root relative squared error (RRSE) were used to perform evaluation for SPI-6 and 12 months of both stations with RF, RT, and GPR-PUK kernel models during the training and testing scenarios. The results during testing phase revealed that the RF was found as the best model in forecasting droughts with values of [Formula: see text], MAE, RMSE, RAE (%), and RRSE (%) being 0.856, 0.551, 0.718, 74.778, and 54.019, respectively, for SPI-6 while 0.961, 0.361, 0.538, 34.926, and 28.262, respectively, for SPI-12 scales at Gangawdi station. Further, the respective values of evaluators at Karanjali station were 0.913 and 0.966, 0.541 and 0.386, 0.604 and 0.589, 52.592 and 36.959, and 42.315 and 31.394 for PUK kernel and RT models, respectively, during SPI-6 and SPI-12. Machine learning models are potential drought warning techniques because they take less time, have fewer inputs, and are less sophisticated than dynamic or scientific models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elbeltagi
- Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Chaitanya B Pande
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, India
- Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Manish Kumar
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dr. R.P.C.A.U, Pusa-Bihar, 848125, India
| | - Abebe Debele Tolche
- Haramaya Institute of Technology, School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Sudhir Kumar Singh
- K. Banerjee Centre of Atmospheric and Ocean Studies, IIDS, Nehru Science Centre, University of Allahabad, 211002, Prayagraj, India
| | - Akshay Kumar
- Environmental Science and Engineering and Department (ESED), Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Vishwakarma
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India.
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Tripathi RN, Ramachandran A, Tripathi V, Badola R, Hussain SA. Spatio-temporal habitat assessment of the Gangetic floodplain in the Hastinapur wildlife sanctuary. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Vishwakarma DK, Ali R, Bhat SA, Elbeltagi A, Kushwaha NL, Kumar R, Rajput J, Heddam S, Kuriqi A. Pre- and post-dam river water temperature alteration prediction using advanced machine learning models. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:83321-83346. [PMID: 35763134 PMCID: PMC9244425 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21596-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Dams significantly impact river hydrology by changing the timing, size, and frequency of low and high flows, resulting in a hydrologic regime that differs significantly from the natural flow regime before the impoundment. For precise planning and judicious use of available water resources for agricultural operations and aquatic habitats, it is critical to assess the dam water's temperature accurately. The building of dams, particularly several dams in rivers, can significantly impact downstream water. In this study, we predict the daily water temperature of the Yangtze River at Cuntan. Thus, this work reveals the potential of machine learning models, namely, M5 Pruned (M5P), Random Forest (RF), Random Subspace (RSS), and Reduced Error Pruning Tree (REPTree). The best and effective input variables combinations were determined based on the correlation coefficient. The outputs of the various machine learning algorithm models were compared with recorded daily water temperature data using goodness-of-fit criteria and graphical analysis to arrive at a final comparison. Based on a number of criteria, numerical comparison between the models revealed that M5P model performed superior (R2 = 0.9920, 0.9708; PCC = 0.9960, 0.9853; MAE = 0.2387, 0.4285; RMSE = 0.3449, 0.4285; RAE = 6.2573, 11.5439; RRSE = 8.0288, 13.8282) in pre-impact and post-impact spam, respectively. These findings suggest that a huge wave of dam construction in the previous century altered the hydrologic regimes of large and minor rivers. This study will be helpful for the ecologists and river experts in planning new reservoirs to maintain the flows and minimize the water temperature concerning spillway operation. Finally, our findings revealed that these algorithms could reliably estimate water temperature using a day lag time input in water level. They are cost-effective techniques for forecasting purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Vishwakarma
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145 India
| | - Rawshan Ali
- Department of Petroleum, Koya Technical Institute, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001 Iraq
| | - Shakeel Ahmad Bhat
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190025 India
| | - Ahmed Elbeltagi
- Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Nand Lal Kushwaha
- Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Rohitashw Kumar
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190025 India
| | - Jitendra Rajput
- Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Salim Heddam
- Faculty of Science, Agronomy Department, Hydraulics Division, Laboratory of Research in Biodiversity Interaction Ecosystem and Biotechnology, University 20 Août 1955, Route El Hadaik, BP 26, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Alban Kuriqi
- CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
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Li W, Han J, Li Y, Zhang F, Zhou X, Yang C. Optimal sensor placement method for wastewater treatment plants based on discrete multi-objective state transition algorithm. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 307:114491. [PMID: 35104701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Parameters monitoring is essential to maintain the stability and efficiency of the wastewater treatment process, which has spurred ubiquitous installation of sensors in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). As the rich process data of WWTPs is not effectively transformed into actionable knowledge for system optimization due to improper sensor installation, the sensor placement scheme needs to be optimized. In this paper, a weighted sensor placement optimization model based on sensor cost, information richness and reliability is established to transform the sensor optimization problem to a nonlinear mathematical programming problem. Then a discrete multi-objective state transition algorithm is proposed to find the Pareto optimal solutions. Finally, an evaluation strategy is designed to select the most suitable solution for industrial application. The results of simulation experiments on three different WWTPs demonstrate the validity and superiority of the proposed method, increasing the degree of variable observability and measurement redundancy while keeping the sensor cost at a low level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Li
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, 410 083, China
| | - Jie Han
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, 410 083, China.
| | - Yonggang Li
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, 410 083, China
| | - Fengxue Zhang
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, 410 083, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, 410 083, China
| | - Chunhua Yang
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, 410 083, China
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Kumar M, Gikas P, Kuroda K, Vithanage M. Tackling water security: A global need of cross-cutting approaches. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 306:114447. [PMID: 35033893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Virtual Special Issue entitled "Tackling Water Security" is mainly focused on water availability, water quality, management, governance, biotic or abiotic emerging contaminants and policy development in the Anthropocene. The issue is further dedicated to highlight the new opportunities and approaches to elevate the efficiency of water treatment and wastewater reuse. It has undergone an open call for papers and rigorous peer-review process, where each submission has been evaluated by the panel of experts. 43 articles have been selected from 85 submissions that represents the ongoing research and development activities. The message that emerged explicitly from nearly a hundred submissions to this special issue is that there is an urgent global need for cross-cutting approaches for the rational, quick, cost-effective and sustainable solutions for tackling water-security in the Anthropocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Petros Gikas
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, 73100, Greece
| | - Keisuke Kuroda
- Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
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Xu J, Xie J, Cheng Z, Zhu S. Source apportionment of pulping wastewater and application of mechanical vapor recompression: Environmental and economic analyses. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 292:112740. [PMID: 33991829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is expected that low-energy and scientific zero discharge of chemical-mechanical pulping wastewater will be achieved by applying the mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) technology. In this paper, the equal-standard pollution load model was introduced into pulp and paper field to parse the pollution sources for the first time. The results from the source apportionment indicated that the screw press and concentrating were the major pollution unit operations, and their cumulative load ratio reached 92.92%. The further survey demonstrated that the dominating pollution factors in the traditional chemical-mechanical pulping process were Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), and Suspended Solids (SS), whose cumulative load ratio was 92.69%. The environmental analysis demonstrated the implementation of MVR technology significantly decreased the pollution load and reduce the pressure of subsequent wastewater treatment. In addition, a further economic performance indicated that the utilization of MVR technology possessed a smaller operating cost of 2.899 $/m3. The result of the given model provides a scientific gist and instruction for the future treatment of water pollutants in the chemical-mechanical pulping process. The MVR technology is conducive for wastewater treatment to minimize environmental effects and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Plant Fiber Research Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, CN, 510640, China; Qingyuan Huayuan Institute of Science and Technology Collaborative Innovation Co., Ltd., Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Junxian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Plant Fiber Research Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, CN, 510640, China
| | - Zheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Plant Fiber Research Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, CN, 510640, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, CN, 510640, China
| | - Shiyun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Plant Fiber Research Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, CN, 510640, China
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