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Fu Y, Yi Y, Wang Y, Diao Y, Diao Z, Chen Z. A comprehensive review of modified biochar-based advanced oxidation processes for environmental pollution remediation: efficiency, mechanism, toxicity assessment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2025; 387:125872. [PMID: 40414127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2025] [Accepted: 05/17/2025] [Indexed: 05/27/2025]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) has been demonstrated efficacy in activating oxidants to enhance environmental contaminant degradation. However, performance limitations of pristine biochar, including insufficient active sites and low electron transfer efficiency, primarily stemming from feedstock heterogeneity and pyrolytic parameter variations, resulting in suboptimal activation efficiency in practical applications. Recent studies demonstrated that targeted functionalization strategies, such as heteroatom doping, metal loading, and acid/alkali modification, could significantly improving activation performance of biochar, which was critical for advancing biochar-based advanced oxidation processes. In this review, the modification methods of biochar and their applications in activating diverse oxidants for water purification, soil remediation, air pollutant mitigation, and antimicrobial disinfection were summarized. Additionally, the differences in mechanisms among modified biochars for activating different oxidants in pollutant degradation were systematically illustrated. This review indicated that both free radicals and non-free radicals pathway played key roles in pollutant removal, either individually or through synergistic effects. Furthermore, potential challenges in applying modified biochar-based AOPs at a practical scale were also discussed. This review have shown that the presence of natural substances and impurities in these environments can deplete active components, resulting in reduced pollutant degradation efficiencies compared to controlled laboratory conditions. The current review illustrated that the toxicity of modified biochar was related to feedstocks and pyrolysis processes. Meanwhile, the toxicity of degradation intermediates could significantly reduce using modified biochar-based AOPs. Overall, this review provide insights for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Fu
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yunqiang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi Diao
- Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Zenghui Diao
- Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhenguo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Low-carbon Pollution Prevention and Digital Technology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; SCNU (NAN'AN) Green and Low-carbon Innovation Center, Nan'an SCNU Institute of Green and Low-carbon Research, Quanzhou, 362300, China
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2
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Zhu R, Hui L, Zhao Z, Zhou Q, Duong TC, Li J, Liu Z, Ding D. The morphology and structure of zero-valent iron nanosheets promote the activation of persulfate for degradation of ciprofloxacin. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2025; 268:120766. [PMID: 39788445 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.120766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2024] [Revised: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 01/12/2025]
Abstract
Herein, a biochar-supported zero-valent iron (ZVI) nanosheet catalyst (Fe@BC2-2) for the activation of persulfate to degrade ciprofloxacin (CIP) was prepared using industrial kraft lignin and Fenton sludge as carbon and iron sources, respectively. Fe@BC2-2 showed considerably better CIP degradation efficiency (96.9% at 20 mg L-1) than traditional catalysts. Furthermore, Fe@BC2-2 exhibited CIP degradation efficiency above 96% in a wide pH range (3-11) and high resistance to interference from various inorganic anions and humic acid even under real water body conditions. The Fe@BC2-2 catalyst showed good magnetic separation performance and maintained high CIP degradation efficiency (87.0%) after five degradation-regeneration cycles. CIP degradation was facilitated by ZVI nanosheets along with functional groups and defects on the surface of the biochar. As determined through radical-quenching experiments, both radical and non-radical pathways contributed to the degradation of CIP, with the non-radical pathway being dominant, especially with singlet oxygen (1O2) as the active species. The degradation pathway of CIP was inferred through the analysis of intermediate products, which showed lower toxicity than CIP. This work not only proposes a strategy for the utilization of traditional kraft pulping lignin and Fenton sludge but also presents an innovative catalyst for the degradation of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongyao Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Lanfeng Hui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Quanwei Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Tan Cuong Duong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Jiayan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Dayong Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
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Cui B, Tian T, Duan L, Rong H, Chen Z, Luo S, Guo D, Naidu R. Towards advanced removal of organics in persulfate solution by heterogeneous iron-based catalyst: A review. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 146:163-175. [PMID: 38969445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous iron-based catalysts have drawn increasing attention in the advanced oxidation of persulfates due to their abundance in nature, the lack of secondary pollution to the environment, and their low cost over the last a few years. In this paper, the latest progress in the research on the activation of persulfate by heterogeneous iron-based catalysts is reviewed from two aspects, in terms of synthesized catalysts (Fe0, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeOOH) and natural iron ore catalysts (pyrite, magnetite, hematite, siderite, goethite, ferrohydrite, ilmenite and lepidocrocite) focusing on efforts made to improve the performance of catalysts. The advantages and disadvantages of the synthesized catalysts and natural iron ore were summarized. Particular interests were paid to the activation mechanisms in the catalyst/PS/pollutant system for removal of organic pollutants. Future research challenges in the context of field application were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihui Cui
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tingting Tian
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Luchun Duan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (crcCARE), University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Hongwei Rong
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhihua Chen
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Shiyi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Dabin Guo
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Science, Engineering and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (crcCARE), University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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4
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Zhang X, Liu Z, Khan HIUH, Rousseau DPL, Hulle SV. Sustainable hydrochar as an efficient persulfate activator for cost-effective degradation of bisphenol A. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143262. [PMID: 39236913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
This study explored Mason pine-derived hydrochar (MPHC) as an effective adsorbent and persulfate (PS) activator for degrading bisphenol A (BPA). Increasing MPHC dosage from 0.25 to 2.0 g L-1 raised BPA removal from 42% to 87%. Similarly, at the same MPHC dosage range and fixed PS concentration (8 mM), BPA removal by MPHC/PS increased from 66% to 91%. Additionally, at a fixed MPHC dosage (1.0 g L-1), higher PS concentrations (2-32 mM) resulted in an overall BPA removal increase from 78% to 99%. The optimal pH for BPA removal by MPHC was at pH 3, while for MPHC/PS was at pH 9. BPA degradation by MPHC was optimal at pH 3, whereas MPHC/PS was at pH 3 and pH 9. Additionally, pH 7 favored BPA adsorption for both MPHC and MPHC/PS. The study also considered the influence of coexisting anions and humic acid (HA). PO43- and NO3- influence adsorption on MPHC, but these anions' effect on MPHC/PS is limited. Furthermore, the existence of HA had minimal influence on BPA removal by MPHC/PS. The contributions of different reactive species by MPHC for BPA degradation are as follows: electron-hole (h+) 2%, singlet oxygen (1O2) 7%, superoxide radicals (O2•-) 13%, electron (e-) 2%, hydroxyl radical (•OH) 3%, whereas the remaining 48% removal was the contribution of adsorption. For MPHC/PS, adsorption accounted for 39 %, more reactive species were involved in degradation, and the donations are (h+) 3%, sulfate radicals (SO4•-) 3%, (1O2) 19%, (O2•-) 15%, (e-) 2%, and (•OH) 2%. Additionally, the performance of MPHC remains stable after three operational cycles. The preparation cost of MPHC is 3.01 € kg-1. These results highlight the potential of MPHC as an environmentally friendly material for activating PS and removing organic pollutants, suggesting its promising application in future environmental remediation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B, B-8500, Kortrijk, Belgium.
| | - Ze Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Hafiz Ihsan Ul Haq Khan
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B, B-8500, Kortrijk, Belgium.
| | - Diederik P L Rousseau
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B, B-8500, Kortrijk, Belgium.
| | - Stijn Van Hulle
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B, B-8500, Kortrijk, Belgium.
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5
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Gaber MM, Shokry H, Samy M, A El-Bestawy E. Green approach for fabricating hybrids of food waste-derived biochar/zinc oxide for effective degradation of bromothymol blue dye in a photocatalysis/persulfate activation system. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143245. [PMID: 39233302 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
This study presents novel composites of biochar (BC) derived from spinach stalks and zinc oxide (ZnO) synthesized from water hyacinth to be used for the first time in a hybrid system for activating persulfate (PS) with photocatalysis for the degradation of bromothymol blue (BTB) dye. The BC/ZnO composites were characterized using innovative techniques. BC/ZnO (2:1) showed the highest photocatalytic performance and BC/ZnO (2:1)@(PS + light) system attained BTB degradation efficiency of 89.47% within 120 min. The optimum operating parameters were determined as an initial BTB concentration of 17.1 mg/L, a catalyst dosage of 0.7 g/L, and a persulfate initial concentration of 8.878 mM, achieving a BTB removal efficiency of 99.34%. The catalyst showed excellent stability over five consecutive runs. Sulfate radicals were the predominant radicals involved in the degradation of BTB. BC/ZnO (2:1)@(PS + light) system could degrade 88.52%, 84.64%, 81.5%, and 77.53% of methylene blue, methyl red, methyl orange, and Congo red, respectively. Further, the BC/ZnO (2:1)@(PS + light) system effectively activated PS to eliminate 97.49% of BTB and 85.12% of dissolved organic carbon in real industrial effluents from the textile industry. The proposed degradation system has the potential to efficiently purify industrial effluents which facilitates the large-scale application of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mohamed Gaber
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horria Ave. El-Shatby, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, Egypt; Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Hassan Shokry
- Electronic Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA City), New Borg El Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt; Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Samy
- Public Works Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Ebtesam A El-Bestawy
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horria Ave. El-Shatby, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, Egypt.
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6
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Ratheesh A, Shibli SMA. Biochar supported Pseudomonas putida based globules for effective removal of Bisphenol A with a practical approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142496. [PMID: 38825245 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The widespread and inevitable use of plastic has led to prospective ecological problems through Bisphenol A (BPA), a synthetic chemical in plastic manufacturing. The present study addresses a unique methodology for eliminating BPA using the assistance of Pseudomonas putida. In the present work, biomass was torrefied to generate biochar with highly porous networks that could accommodate the bacterial species for effective colonization and multiplication. The designed biochar-bacterial globules demonstrated the ability to effectively remove BPA (96.88%) at a concentration of up to 2 g/L. The biochar-bacterial globules could effectively adsorb BPA at a low concentration of 20 mg/L. The alteration in pH did not impact the globule's performance, providing additional support for the practical utilization of these globules in polluted water bodies. In addition, the biochar-bacterial globules exhibited superior effectiveness in degradation compared to the standard levels, particularly in saline conditions. The simplicity and effectiveness of the approach make it promising for real-world implementation in addressing ecological problems associated with BPA contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Ratheesh
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695 581, India
| | - S M A Shibli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695 581, India; Centre for Renewable Energy and Materials, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695 581, India.
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7
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Katibi KK, Shitu IG, Yunos KFM, Azis RS, Iwar RT, Adamu SB, Umar AM, Adebayo KR. Unlocking the potential of magnetic biochar in wastewater purification: a review on the removal of bisphenol A from aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:492. [PMID: 38691228 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an essential and extensively utilized chemical compound with significant environmental and public health risks. This review critically assesses the current water purification techniques for BPA removal, emphasizing the efficacy of adsorption technology. Within this context, we probe into the synthesis of magnetic biochar (MBC) using co-precipitation, hydrothermal carbonization, mechanical ball milling, and impregnation pyrolysis as widely applied techniques. Our analysis scrutinizes the strengths and drawbacks of these techniques, with pyrolytic temperature emerging as a critical variable influencing the physicochemical properties and performance of MBC. We explored various modification techniques including oxidation, acid and alkaline modifications, element doping, surface functional modification, nanomaterial loading, and biological alteration, to overcome the drawbacks of pristine MBC, which typically exhibits reduced adsorption performance due to its magnetic medium. These modifications enhance the physicochemical properties of MBC, enabling it to efficiently adsorb contaminants from water. MBC is efficient in the removal of BPA from water. Magnetite and maghemite iron oxides are commonly used in MBC production, with MBC demonstrating effective BPA removal fitting well with Freundlich and Langmuir models. Notably, the pseudo-second-order model accurately describes BPA removal kinetics. Key adsorption mechanisms include pore filling, electrostatic attraction, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and electron transfer surface interactions. This review provides valuable insights into BPA removal from water using MBC and suggests future research directions for real-world water purification applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kayode Katibi
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Kwara State University, Malete, Ilorin, 23431, Nigeria.
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ibrahim Garba Shitu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sule Lamido University, Kafin Hausa, Jigawa, Nigeria
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Faezah Md Yunos
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rabaah Syahidah Azis
- Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory (MSCL), Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Raphael Terungwa Iwar
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Suleiman Bashir Adamu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sule Lamido University, Kafin Hausa, Jigawa, Nigeria
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abba Mohammed Umar
- Department of Agricultural and Bioenvironmental Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Mubi, 650221, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde Raheef Adebayo
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Kwara State University, Malete, Ilorin, 23431, Nigeria
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Gaber MM, Samy M, Shokry H. Effective degradation of synthetic micropollutants and real textile wastewater via a visible light-activated persulfate system using novel spinach leaf-derived biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:25163-25181. [PMID: 38462567 PMCID: PMC11636759 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32829-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
A novel biochar (BC), derived from spinach leaves, was utilized as an activator for persulfate (PS) in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible light conditions. Thorough analyses were conducted to characterize the physical and chemical properties of the biochar. The (BC + light)/PS system exhibited superior MB degradation efficiency at 83.36%, surpassing the performance of (BC + light)/hydrogen peroxide and (BC + light)/peroxymonosulfate systems. The optimal conditions were ascertained through the implementation of response surface methodology. Moreover, the (BC + light)/PS system demonstrated notable degradation ratios of 90.82%, 81.88%, and 84.82% for bromothymol blue dye, paracetamol, and chlorpyrifos, respectively, under optimal conditions. The predominant reactive species responsible for MB degradation were identified as sulfate radicals. Notably, the proposed system consistently achieved high removal efficiencies of 99.02%, 96.97%, 94.94%, 92%, and 90.35% for MB in five consecutive runs. The applicability of the suggested system was further validated through its effectiveness in treating real textile wastewater, exhibiting a substantial MB removal efficiency of 98.31% and dissolved organic carbon mineralization of 87.49%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mohamed Gaber
- Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Samy
- Public Works Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Hassan Shokry
- Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
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9
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Zhang L, Zhang Q, Chen T, Wang C, Xiao C, Guo J, Pang X, Liu S. Magnetic MoS 2/Fe 3O 4 composite as an effective activator of persulfate for the degradation of tetracycline: performance, activation mechanisms and degradation pathways. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2024; 89:1860-1878. [PMID: 38619908 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The activated persulfate (PS) process could produce sulfate radical (SO4·-) and rapidly degrade organic pollutants. The application of Fe3O4 as a promising PS activator was limited due to the rapid conversion of Fe2+ to Fe3+ on its surface. Mo4+ on MoS2 surface could be used as a reducing site to convert Fe3+ to Fe2+, but the separation and recovery of MoS2 was complex. In this study, MoS2/Fe3O4 was prepared to accelerate the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle on Fe3O4 surface and achieved efficient separation of MoS2. The results showed that MoS2/Fe3O4 was more effective for PS activation compared to Fe3O4 or MoS2, with a removal efficiency of 91.8% for 20 mg·L-1 tetracycline (TC) solution under the optimal conditions. Fe2+ and Mo4+ on MoS2/Fe3O4 surface acted as active sites for PS activation with the generation of SO4•-, •OH, •O2-, and 1O2. Mo4+ acted as an electron donor to promote the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycling and thus improved the PS activation capability of MoS2/Fe3O4. The degradation pathways of TC were inferred as hydroxylation, ketylation of dimethylamino group and C-N bond breaking. This study provided a promising activated persulfate-based advanced oxidation process for the efficient degradation of TC by employing MoS2/Fe3O4 as an effective activator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanhe Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China; Lanhe Zhang and Qi Zhang are co-first authors
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China; Lanhe Zhang and Qi Zhang are co-first authors
| | - Tengyue Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Changyao Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Chuan Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Jingbo Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China E-mail:
| | - Xiangrui Pang
- School of Environment, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Shuhua Liu
- Jilin Power Supply Company, State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co., Ltd, Jilin 132000, China
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10
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Chen X, Zhu J, Ma Y, Zeng C, Mu R, Deng Z, Zhang Z. Facile synthesis of ball-milling and oxalic acid co-modified sludge biochar to efficiently activate peroxymonosulfate for sulfamethoxazole degradation: 1O 2 and surface-bound radicals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133026. [PMID: 38006858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach of ball milling and oxalic acid was employed to modify sludge-based biochar (BOSBC) to boost its activation performance for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) towards efficient degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX). 98.6% of SMX was eliminated by PMS/BOSBC system within 60 min. Furthermore, PMS/BOSBC system was capable of maintaining high removal rates for SMX (>88.8%) in a wide pH range from 3 to 9, and displayed a high tolerance to background electrolytes including inorganic ions and humic acid (HA). Quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis, in-situ Raman characterization and PMS decomposition experiments confirmed that the non-radicals of 1O2 and surface-bound radicals were the main contributors to SMX degradation by PMS/BOSBC system. The results of ecotoxicity assessment illustrated that all transformed products (TPs) generated in PMS/BOSBC system were less toxic than that of SMX. After five reuse cycles, PMS/BOSBC system still maintained a high removal rate for SMX (77.8%). Additionally, PMS/BOSBC system exhibited excellent degradation performance for SMX in various real waters (Yangtze River water (76.5%), lake water (74.1%), tap water (86.5%), and drinking water (98.1%)). Overall, this study provided novel insights on non-metal modification for sludge-based biochar and non-radical mechanism, and offered a feasible approach for municipal sludge disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinyao Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongfei Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Chenyu Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rui Mu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhikang Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zulin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK.
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11
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El-Bestawy EA, Gaber M, Shokry H, Samy M. Effective degradation of atrazine by spinach-derived biochar via persulfate activation system: Process optimization, mechanism, degradation pathway and application in real wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115987. [PMID: 37116677 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein, biochar derived from spinach remnants was prepared for the first-time for the utilization in persulfate (PS) activation to effectively degrade atrazine. Characteristics of the prepared biochar were explored using advanced analyses. Control experiments implied the efficient activation of PS in the presence of the synthesized biochar. The highest degradation of atrazine (99.8%) could be attained at atrazine concentration of 7.2 mg/L, PS concentration of 7.7 mM, biochar dose of 1.88 g/L and reaction time of 120 min. The prepared biochar displayed a high recyclability performance attaining degradation ratios of 98.2, 96.53, 96.4, 92.8 and 88% in five sequential cycles under the optimum conditions. The degradation mechanism was explored showing that sulfate radicals were the prime reactive species in the degradation system. The degradation intermediates were specified, and the degradation pathways were propositioned. The highest REs in agrochemical industrial wastewater reached 80.21 and 83.43% of atrazine and TOC after 2 h. NH3 (348.4 mg/L) was reduced to 168.3 mg/L (RE: 51.7%) while level of NO3 (94.7 mg/L) was increased by 98.8% (188.3 mg/L) in the treated effluent due to oxidation of NH3 to nitrite and then nitrate. Extension of reaction time could contribute to achieving full mineralization of the real wastewater due to the residual PS after 120 min. The effectiveness and low-cost of biochar@PS system as well as its high performance in degrading real wastewater support the efficiency of the prepared biochar to be applied on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtesam A El-Bestawy
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horria Ave. El-Shatby, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Gaber
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horria Ave. El-Shatby, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, Egypt; Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Hassan Shokry
- Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt; Electronic Materials Researches Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Samy
- Public Works Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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12
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He L, Yang S, Li Y, Kong D, Wu L, Li B, Chen X, Zhang Z, Yang L. Sludge biochar as an electron shuttle between periodate and sulfamethoxazole: The dominant role of ball mill-loaded Mn2O3. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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13
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Yu Y, Zhong Z, Guo H, Yu Y, Zheng T, Li H, Chang Z. Biochar-goethite composites inhibited/enhanced degradation of triphenyl phosphate by activating persulfate: Insights on the mechanism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159940. [PMID: 36336063 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the biochar-goethite composites (MBC@FH) were synthesized through co-ball milling and the degradation of triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) was compared in persulfate (PDS) alone system and MBC@FH&PDS systems. The results showed that TPhP can be effectively degraded in PDS alone system and degradation efficiency reached up to 90 % within reaction of 8 h, at a PDS concentration of 10 mM, a reaction temperature of 30 °C and a system pH of 6.12. The obvious degradation can be ascribed to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by self-decompose of PDS, among which 1O2, ∙OH and O2∙- play a major role in the degradation process. Although 350 °C biochar-goethite composites (MBC35@FH) and 800 °C biochar-goethite composites (MBC80@FH) facilitated PDS activation to produce more ROS, the catalytic degradation of TPhP was different in their systems. The degradation of TPhP was inhibited by MBC35@FH due to its stronger adsorption for TPhP, while MBC80@FH promoted TPhP degradation and degradation efficiency was up to 100 % within 6 h. 1O2 and SO4∙- played a stronger degradation role than ∙OH and O2∙- in above systems. The transformation of Fe species, functional groups (oxygen-containing functional groups, pyrrolic nitrogen) and persistent free radicals (PFRs) on the MBC@FH were involved in the PDS activation to produce ROS. Furthermore, MBC80@FH was more capable of activating PDS than MBC35@FH due to its abundant defect sites, larger specific surface area, more PFRs, higher Fe content and stronger electron transfer capability. In addition, seven possible TPhP intermediates were identified and possible degradation pathways of TPhP were proposed accordingly. This study illustrated that not all metallic carbon catalysts are necessarily beneficial for organic contaminants degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Zijuan Zhong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haobo Guo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tong Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Zhaofeng Chang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China; Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China.
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14
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Liu YC, Liu X, Zhang GH, Liu W, Wang JQ, Wang X, Chen CL, Wang Y, Xiang Z. Performance and mechanism of a novel S-scheme heterojunction sonocatalyst CuS/BaWO 4 for degradation of bisphenol A by ultrasonic activation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114720. [PMID: 36343719 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A novel CuS/BaWO4 heterojunction catalyst was prepared and characterized. Taking bisphenol A as the target pollutant for catalytic degradation, the sonocatalytic activity of CuS/BaWO4 composite was evaluated, and the combination with persulfate improved the sonocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A. The results showed that CuS/BaWO4 composite had good sonocatalytic degradation activity for bisphenol A, and the degradation rate was 70.99% ± 1.46%. After combined with persulfate, the degradation rate was further increased to 95.34% ± 0.10%, and the reaction time was relatively shortened. The results of the trapping experiment and calculated energy band positions showed that the formation of S-scheme heterojunction and the formation of hydroxyl radicals and holes were the key to the catalytic degradation of bisphenol A by CuS/BaWO4 composite. In this study, a new CuS/BaWO4 heterojunction sonocatalyst was synthesized. The catalyst can efficiently remove bisphenol A from the water environment and can be used as a potential solution for endocrine disruptor pollution in the water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Cheng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Dezhou Xiangxuan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Dezhou, 253000, China
| | - Gui-Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Jia-Qi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Chang-Lan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
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