Environmental impact of globalization: The case of central and Eastern European emerging economies

The green response of financial inclusion, infrastructure development and renewable energy to the environmental sustainability: A newly evidence from OECD economies

Recently, economic environmental degradation is being considered a leading chellenge in forefront of policy analysts. Thus, the present study introduces core environmental determinants such as infrastructure development, finacail inclusion, gross domestic product, population, and renewable energy consumption. Financial inclusion (FI) is crucial for attaining a environment. The present study selects the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) over period of 2004-2022. The results show that financial inclusin, infrastructure development(ID), and renewable energy (RE) play a vital influence in decreasing carbon emissions. The OECD nations should surge their investment in renewable energy and infrastructure development. Furthermore, to ensure long-term environmental sustainability, it is imperative to broaden the scope of FI. Thus, the inclusion of green infrastructure is essential in order to shift from the utilization of fossil fuels to RE sources. Similarly, policymakers should incorporate FI into climate actions at the local, national, and regional levels. However, it is crucial to promote the economic shift towards RE sources in order to mitigate the environmental impact from humn and economic activities. This study is conducive to the execution of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).

Determinants of Environmental Pollution in China: Novel Findings from ARDL Method

This study examines how EC, FF use, RC, POP growth, trade, GDP, and CO2 emissions are interrelated in China. It aims to clarify how these factors together impact environmental pollution and economic sustainability. The motivation stems from China's dual challenge of sustaining economic growth while mitigating environmental degradation, particularly CO2 emissions. Understanding the intricate relationships among these variables is critical for shaping adequate energy and environmental policies in the context of China's growing role as a global economic power. The empirical methodology utilizes time-series data from 2000 to 2023 and applies econometric techniques, including Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). These methods allow for exploring both long-term and short-term dynamics among the variables and identifying causal relationships. The key findings reveal a significant long-term relationship between EC, FF use, GDP, and CO2 emissions, with RC increasingly crucial in mitigating carbon emissions. In the short term, there is bidirectional causality between energy utilization and economic growth, indicating mutual feedback between energy demand and economic development. POP growth and trade activities also significantly influence energy utilization patterns and emissions. The policy implications are profound: China must prioritize promoting RC, enhancing energy efficiency, and strengthening environmental regulations to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation. Policies should also integrate sustainable urban planning and international cooperation to accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy. These strategies ensure China can meet its economic goals without compromising environmental sustainability.

Factors affecting carbon dioxide emissions for sustainable development goals - New insights into six asian developed countries

The worldwide economic scene faces the dual challenges of rising sea levels and escalating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Environmental contamination impedes sustainable growth, increasing the demand for sustainable energy resources as a fundamental aspect of sustainable economies. The present research uses an analytical model to examine the elements influencing carbon dioxide output in six economically developed Asian nations, intending to assist in realizing the UNSDG- United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. The manuscript applies the fixed effect model- FEM and the random effects approach- REM method. The research contributes to the science of the environment, climate research, and long-term environmental growth. Data for this investigation were sourced from the World Bank, covering the period from 2000 to 2020, about Hong Kong, Israel, Japan, Korea, Singapore, and China. This paper investigates the nexus between power usage (ECO), fossil fuel use (FFU), sustainable energy adoption (REC), foreign direct investment (FDI), imports, exports, economic development, population, and ecological contamination across six developed Asian countries. The study uses panel data regression analysis to examine how these factors influence carbon dioxide output, aiming to provide insights for long-term environmental growth policies. Key findings highlight the considerable effect of energy consumption patterns and economic activities on pollution levels, emphasizing the need for enhancements in energy conservation, a shift towards sustainable energy sources, and practical rules protecting the environment to mitigate environmental degradation. The empirical findings indicate that various factors, such as power usage, fossil fuel-based energy, sustainable energy usage, foreign direct investment (FDI), import and export activities, economic development, and population size, impact ecological contamination within these six nations. Specifically, FDI, economic development, and green energy influenced environmental degradation negatively. Conversely, factors such as power usage, energy from fossil sources usage, imports, exports, and population size correlate positively with ecological contamination. The research consequently advocates for developing green, circular, and sustainable economic frameworks within these six developed Asian countries in the foreseeable future.

A recursive dynamic CGE approach to investigate environmental Kuznets curve

The inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation is known as environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) and has been tested in many empirical studies since more than 3 decades. Technological change is one of the tools that can be used to examine the existence of EKC in CGE models. The objective is to extract EKC for G7 countries using a multi-regional CGE model and investigate the effects of some key factors affecting EKC using historical data for the period of 1861-2021. First, we have considered the effects of energy efficiency, on CO2 emissions, on carbon intensity and on economic growth. Then, EKC was extracted based on the obtained results. In addition, the effects of factors such as carbon tax, revenue recycling schemes and various types of substitution elasticities are evaluated on EKC. Our results show that, with a 3% improvement in productivity, by 2050, GDP will increase by nearly 12% and carbon emissions will decrease by 4.4%. The combination of such two effects has led to an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions. Among the elasticity of substitutions, the elasticity of substitution of capital and energy, as well as the substitution elasticity of energy inputs has the greatest effect on EKC. The slope of EKC becomes negative if a carbon tax is imposed. The EKC moves downwards if carbon tax income is transferred to the production tax-cut in renewable sectors. The results suggest that carbon tax and its allocation to renewable sectors will improve environmental effects.

Dynamic impact of demographic features, FDI, and technological innovations on ecological footprint: evidence from European emerging economies

Climate change effect mitigation is a critical priority for top leaders and communities around the globe. Human-induced environmental issues are affecting humankind's standard of living and development potential and the planetary boundaries. Sustainability objectives aim to enhance environmental quality and ensure sustainable development for all by eliminating social inequalities. This study examines the complex relationships between demographic features, foreign direct investment, technological innovation, and ecological footprint, emphasizing the relevance of population aging, population density, and urbanization in this context. The research uses a selection of emerging European economies during 1995-2018. The reasons for countries' selection are related to the increasing rate of population aging in European countries, the attractiveness for foreign direct investment, the economic growth, and the technological advancement potential these emerging countries possess. In order to investigate the long-run relationship between the selected variables, the study tests the cross-section dependence, homogeneity, and cointegration and uses Konya tests to determine panel causality. Based on Konya methodology, differences between countries in the panel are evidenced and discussed accordingly. Our findings confirm the long-run relationship between environment, technological innovation, population aging, and FDI. The results of this research are highly relevant for policymakers in selected countries for identifying the set of correlations and the relevance of various variables in such national economies. Demographic features such as population aging and population density are critical for Europe, and the results show the impact on the ecological footprint.

Dynamic linkages between tourism development, renewable energy and high-quality economic development: Evidence from spatial Durbin model

There has been a shift in focus toward environmentally and economically sustainable forms of economic growth known as High-quality economic development (HQED). However, this study analyzes the impact of tourism development (TD) and renewable energy consumption on HQED in 30 provinces of China, while covering the time period from 2007 to 2021. TD and HQED has been measured with help of Global Moran Index. This study has used dynamic spatial Durbin model (SDM) to measure the dynamic impact of TD index and renewable energy consumption on HQED along with green finance, foreign direct investment and investment in education. The findings from empirical analysis shows that TD has negative impact on HQED and in more developed regions, the relationship is positive, while in the less developed western part of China, the U-shape has been reversed. Central and northeastern China have a U-shaped connection, while it has been noticed the interaction term of TD and renewable energy endorses HQED. In addition, renewable energy consumption, green finance and increase in education investment have positive and significant impact on HQED while foreign direct investment has negative impact on HQED in China. Therefore, in the light of this study policymakers should focus on the quality of tourism industry, green finance for renewable energy supply and enhancing education investment in China to attain the goal of HQED.

The interaction between remittance, FDI, renewable energy, and environmental quality: a panel data analysis for the top remittance-receiving countries

A country's financing system is essential in addressing sustainable development requirements. National sources and international financial flows contribute to economic growth and environmental quality in many ways, and their impact can be critical. This paper applied panel data analysis using a comparative approach of Pooled Mean Group Auto Regressive Distribute Lags (PMG-ARDL) and Cross Sectionally ARDL (CS-ARDL) to estimate the effects of FDI, renewable energy, and remittance on environmental quality in the top remittance-receiving countries, during 2000-2021. The study emphasized the positive relationship between FDI and carbon emissions. Moreover, renewable energy and remittances revealed an inverted U-shaped relationship with carbon emissions. In the case of developing countries from the panel, remittance improves environmental quality after reaching the threshold. Moreover, for some of the developing countries included in the panel, we found that they do not achieve the desired carbon mitigation effect in their early stages of renewable energy implementation. However, renewable energy becomes a key factor for tackling environmental pollution after a certain threshold. The mixed results determined diverse policy recommendations for various stakeholders.

The existence of environmental Kuznets curve: Critical look and future implications for environmental management

Against the backdrop of the great challenge of climate change and growing global environmental concerns, this study deals a systematic literature review of research related to Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) from 1991 to 2023, details the background, definition, significance, critiques, theoretical foundations and model specifications of EKC, and summarizes the data, variables, econometric methods and findings used in over 100 EKC studies. This study focuses on EKC studies that examine the relationship between energy consumption, economic growth and environmental degradation, with most of the studies reviewed using global pollutants (carbon emissions) to measure the level of environmental degradation. This study found that EKC still has great research potential, and with the development of energy diversification, energy consumption in EKC studies have been further subdivided into renewable or non-renewable energy consumption; innovative EKC studies in the last few years have favoured the use of novel environmental and economic indicators and econometric method, and have validated the existence of EKC at the sectoral level rather than the national level. Finally, the present study summarizes the development and innovations of EKC and provides suggestions for future research aimed at advancing the development of EKC and environmental management.

The evaluation of renewable energy alternatives in Turkey using intuitionistic-fuzzy EDAS methodology

In recent years, high energy costs, increases in carbon emissions, and concerns about energy supply security have led countries to prioritize renewable energy sources in their sustainable energy policies. The selection and ranking of alternative renewable energy sources is a critical issue in establishing an effective energy policy and ensuring environmental improvement at the national and global levels. This study evaluates Turkey's best renewable energy options using the institutional fuzzy assessment based on distance to mean solution (IF-EDAS) method and aims to find Turkey's best renewable energy alternative. The decision model alternatively uses wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, wave, hydroelectric, and hydrogen energy options. According to the study's empirical findings, while the best alternative renewable energy source for Turkey is solar energy, the best criterion in terms of criteria evaluation is "Technology Maturity". The study also carried out sensitivity analysis, and the results were shared.

The impact of informality and institutional quality on environmental footprint: The case of emerging economies in a comparative approach

The endeavor to implement the 2030 Agenda of national and international stakeholders became increasingly impetuous, considering the wide range of uncertainties and risks. The new humans-centered development model built on the prominence of environmental and social values seeks to reinforce communities' resilience and mitigate environmental risks, leaving no one behind. For this to happen, solid and effective institutions, the right environmental policies, and a safe statutory labor framework are the sine qua non. In this study, we evaluated the effects of informality, institutional quality, and renewable energy consumption on ecological footprint of two groups of emerging countries from Europe and Asia from 2002 to 2018. Our results by PMG-ARDL approach highlight dissimilarities between the two groups, showing greater heterogeneity. In this sense, informality is found to have positive and significant effects on ecological footprint in the long run in emerging European countries. In contrast, the effect is negative for emerging Asian countries. In the short run, the effects are less critical in the studied countries between the two groups. Institutional quality variables impacted environmental quality differently. In this sense, it is detrimental for policymakers to consider concerted measures to decrease institutional vulnerabilities and reduce the level of the informal economy. The outcome of this study concurs with a complete awareness of the importance of informality and institutional quality to mitigate social and environmental risks conjunctively.

Does globalization mitigate environmental degradation in selected emerging economies? assessment of the role of financial development, economic growth, renewable energy consumption and urbanization

While the acceleration of globalization in newly developing (emerging) economies contributes positively to economic developments on the one hand, it is a research topic that can have an impact on environmental pollution on the other hand. Therefore, this study analyzes the impact of globalization on environmental pollution for 14 emerging economies in the 1991-2018 period by including economic growth, financial development, renewable energy consumption, and urbanization in the ecological footprint model. In addition to the AMG forecaster, Driscoll-Kraay, PCSE, and FGLS estimation techniques are used for long-term forecasting. Causal linkages among variables are analyzed by the Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel bootstrap causality test. The findings show that the series are cointegrated, that is, a long-term relationship between the variables. In the long term, globalization and renewable energy consumption reduce environmental pollution, while economic growth and financial development play a role in encouraging environmental pollution. Causality analysis enumerates a causality from economic growth and financial development to environmental pollution, as well as a two-way causality between globalization and environmental pollution and renewable energy consumption and environmental pollution. Empirical findings can offer important implications for policies that will reduce environmental pollution in these countries.

Pollution, political instabilities and electricity price in the cee countries during the war time

Pollution, war and energy crisis are the CEE countries' most important global actual issues. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of political stability and electricity price in 11 CEE countries in the period 2007-2021 to anticipate the effect of these factors on pollution in times of political and energy crisis. The common results based on DOLS/FMOLS and CCEMG estimations indicate that political stability enhances CO2 emissions, while higher electricity prices for non-household consumers reduce pollution. An inverted-U pattern was observed in the relationship between growth and pollution, while renewable energy consumption is the most powerful tool to reduce CO2 emissions. These results are the starting point for policy recommendations.