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Hydrochemical Evolution and Quality Assessment of Groundwater in the Sanjiang Plain, China. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14081265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Groundwater is subjected to contamination threats from human activities, such as agriculture, especially long-term farming in the Sanjiang Plain, China. Identifying the sources and distribution of pollution is essential for its reasonable prevention and control. In this study, we analysed the chemical characteristics of 389 samples at 60 shallow groundwater monitoring points from 2011 to 2015 in the Sanjiang Plain using traditional hydrochemical methods, water quality assessment, Pearson’s correlation, and principal component analysis (PCA). Although groundwater type in this area was predominantly HCO3-Ca·Mg, three forms of nitrogen pollution (ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite) were all detected in this area. The interaction of natural geochemical and anthropogenic factors during hydrochemical formation is confirmed by the high coefficients of variation and Gibbs plots of the main ions in the water. The overall shallow groundwater situation was described as good, with more than 40% and 90% of groundwater samples suitable for drinking and irrigation according to the quality assessment, respectively. The proportion of poor water quality in the wet season was higher than that in the dry season. NO3-N and NH3-N were identified as the major anthropogenic pollutants in the study area. Results from Pearson’s correlation and principal component analysis shows two main pollutants fall into two chemical controlling factors together with natural chemical parameters, which implies that the migration and transformation of pollutants may have affected the overall hydrochemical characteristics of the regional groundwater. Therefore, findings from this paper can provide insight into the chemical evolution of groundwater in response to long-term agricultural activities and can help contribute to better management of groundwater resources and agricultural sustainable development.
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Aljaloud KB, ElBatouti M. Statistical analysis of 222Rn concentration in Zamzam and other water sources in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06057. [PMID: 33659723 PMCID: PMC7892809 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, six water samples were collected from different locations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and another sample from the Zamzam site in Makkah city. The concentration of the radioactive isotope 222Rn was measured using the electronic radon detector (RAD7). The comparative analysis study on these samples showed that the average concentration value in all samples was 0.504Bq/L. The data analysis showed that the concentration of 222Rn was ranged from 0.43 ± 0.06 Bq/L to 0.57 ± 0.060 Bq/L for all samples. These levels are below the contamination threshold (11.1 Bq/L) recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Interestingly, Radon radioactivity levels were lower than those harmful to human health. The principal component analysis (PCA) using (SPSS version 15) was used to reduce the four variables influencing the 222Rn activity concentration to two variables: temperature (correlation coefficient, R2: 0.984) and the relative humidity (RH%) (R2:-0.987). The increase in temperature reduces the solubility of 222Rn gas activity water and facilitates its detection, whereas increased the RH% increases its solubility and decreases the detection level of 222Rn activity concentration. The interaction between temperature and RH% does not affect the concentration of 222Rn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaltham B Aljaloud
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia
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Naskar N, Lahiri S, Mitra S, Chaudhuri P. Radiogenic quality assessment of ground and riverine water samples collected from Indian Sundarbans. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 185:109407. [PMID: 32208205 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study attempts to generate the first baseline data on gross α and β activities in groundwater and riverine water samples collected from different regions of Indian Sundarbans, a part of the world's largest mangrove ecosystem. Until the present, no information is available related to radioactivity measurement in water samples from this vast area. Gross alpha-beta activities were measured by liquid scintillation counting-triple to double coincidence ratio (LSC-TDCR) technique. The minimum detectable activities in present experimental condition were found to be 21 mBq L-1 and 55 mBq L-1 for gross α and β respectively. Gross alpha activities in all groundwater and riverine samples were found to be below the detection limit (BDL), whereas gross beta activities in groundwater and riverine samples varied from BDL to 0.46 ± 0.24 Bq L-1 and BDL to 0.90 ± 0.26 Bq L-1 respectively, which are below WHO recommended value 1 Bq L-1. Annual effective doses were below 0.1 mSv. U and Th concentrations in the water samples were determined by ultrasonic-nebulizer assisted Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and found to be BDL. For assessing 3H activity, double-distilled water samples were measured by LSC-TDCR technique, which provided BDL result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita Naskar
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India; Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Susanta Lahiri
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, India.
| | - Sayantani Mitra
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Punarbasu Chaudhuri
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India
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Prusty P, Farooq S. Seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifers of India - A review. HYDRORESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hydres.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Possibility of Groundwater Pollution in Halabja Saidsadiq Hydrogeological Basin, Iraq Using Modified DRASTIC Model Based on AHP and Tritium Isotopes. GEOSCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/geosciences8070236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ducros L, Eyrolle F, Vedova CD, Charmasson S, Leblanc M, Mayer A, Babic M, Antonelli C, Mourier D, Giner F. Tritium in river waters from French Mediterranean catchments: Background levels and variability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:672-682. [PMID: 28866395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tritium background levels in various environmental compartments are deeply needed in particular to assess radiological impact, especially in river systems where most of releases from nuclear facilities are performed. The present study aims to identify the main environmental factors that influence tritium background levels in rivers at the regional scale. 41 samples were collected from 2014 to 2016 along 17 small rivers in the south of France. All were located out of the influence of direct releases from nuclear facilities. Tritiated water (HTO) concentrations measured in water samples ranged from 0.12±0.11 to 0.86±0.15BqL-1 and HTO concentrations in rains were modelled between 2015 and 2016 over the study period referring to time series acquired from 1963 to 2014 at Thonon-les-Bains monitoring station. The results of tritium concentrations in rivers studied present a significant variability and are more than twice lower than forecasted values in rain. Multiple linear regressions allowed identifying that HTO concentration in rains, watershed area and altitude were the main tested parameters that are linked to the variability of HTO concentrations in the studied rivers. Finally, HTO fluxes delivered to the Mediterranean Sea by French coastal rivers out of influence of nuclear releases were estimated. The results highlight that those account for around 1% of HTO exported while 99% are transferred by the nuclearized Rhone River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Ducros
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SRTE/LRTA, BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
| | - Frédérique Eyrolle
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SRTE/LRTA, BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Claire Della Vedova
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SRTE/LRTA, BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Sabine Charmasson
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SRTE/LRTA, BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Marc Leblanc
- Hydrogeology Group, UMR EMMAH, University of Avignon, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - Adriano Mayer
- Hydrogeology Group, UMR EMMAH, University of Avignon, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - Milanka Babic
- Hydrogeology Group, UMR EMMAH, University of Avignon, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - Christelle Antonelli
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SEREN/LEREN, BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - David Mourier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SRTE/LRTA, BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Franck Giner
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV, SRTE/LRTA, BP 3, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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Evaluation of groundwater tritium content and mixing behavior of Tatapani geothermal systems, Chhattisgarh, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hydrogeochemistry and Genesis Analysis of Thermal and Mineral Springs in Arxan, Northeastern China. WATER 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/w9010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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