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Hu BY, Sun WM, Tao CT, Li SH, Gao Q, Yan YM, Cheng YX. Structurally Diverse Alkaloids with Anti-Renal-Fibrosis Activity from the Centipede Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024. [PMID: 38600744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Twelve new alkaloids, scolopenolines A-L (1-7, 9-11, 13, 14), along with six known analogues, were isolated from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans, identified by analysis of spectroscopic data and quantum chemical and computational methods. Scolopenoline A (1), a unique guanidyl-containing C14 quinoline alkaloid, features a 6/6/5 ring backbone. Scolopenoline B (2) is a novel sulfonyl-containing heterodimer comprising quinoline and tyramine moieties. Scolopenoline G (7) presents a rare C12 quinoline skeleton with a 6/6/5 ring system. Alkaloids 1, 8, 10, and 15-18 display anti-inflammatory activity, while 10 and 16-18 also exhibit anti-renal-fibrosis activity. Drug affinity responsive target stability and RNA-interference assays show that Lamp2 might be a potentially important target protein of 16 for anti-renal-fibrosis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Yuan Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wu-Mei Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Cheng-Tian Tao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Sheng-Hong Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Ingredients and Gut Microbiomics, Institute for Inheritance-Based Innovation of Chinese Medicine, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Hu YX, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Deng Z, Huang Z, Feng T, Zhou QH, Mei S, Yi C, Zhou Q, Zeng PH, Pei G, Tian S, Tian XF. Antihepatoma peptide, scolopentide, derived from the centipede scolopendra subspinipes mutilans. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:1875-1898. [PMID: 37032730 PMCID: PMC10080696 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i12.1875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Centipedes have been used to treat tumors for hundreds of years in China. However, current studies focus on antimicrobial and anticoagulation agents rather than tumors. The molecular identities of antihepatoma bioactive components in centipedes have not yet been extensively investigated. It is a challenge to isolate and characterize the effective components of centipedes due to limited peptide purification technologies for animal-derived medicines.
AIM To purify, characterize, and synthesize the bioactive components with the strongest antihepatoma activity from centipedes and determine the antihepatoma mechanism.
METHODS An antihepatoma peptide (scolopentide) was isolated and identified from the centipede scolopendra subspinipes mutilans using a combination of enzymatic hydrolysis, a Sephadex G-25 column, and two steps of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, the CCK8 assay was used to select the extracted fraction with the strongest antihepatoma activity. The molecular weight of the extracted scolopentide was characterized by quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (QTOF MS), and the sequence was matched by using the Mascot search engine. Based on the sequence and molecular weight, scolopentide was synthesized using solid-phase peptide synthesis methods. The synthetic scolopentide was confirmed by MS and HPLC. The antineoplastic effect of extracted scolopentide was confirmed by CCK8 assay and morphological changes again in vitro. The antihepatoma effect of synthetic scolopentide was assessed by the CCK8 assay and Hoechst staining in vitro and tumor volume and tumor weight in vivo. In the tumor xenograft experiments, qualified model mice (male 5-week-old BALB/c nude mice) were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 6): The scolopentide group (0.15 mL/d, via intraperitoneal injection of synthetic scolopentide, 500 mg/kg/d) and the vehicle group (0.15 mL/d, via intraperitoneal injection of normal saline). The mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation after 14 d of continuous treatment. Mechanistically, flow cytometry was conducted to evaluate the apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells after treatment with extracted scolopentide in vitro. A Hoechst staining assay was also used to observe apoptosis in HepG2 cells after treatment with synthetic scolopentide in vitro. CCK8 assays and morphological changes were used to compare the cytotoxicity of synthetic scolopentide to liver cancer cells and normal liver cells in vitro. Molecular docking was performed to clarify whether scolopentide tightly bound to death receptor 4 (DR4) and DR5. qRT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of DR4, DR5, fas-associated death domain protein (FADD), Caspase-8, Caspase-3, cytochrome c (Cyto-C), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), x-chromosome linked inhibitor-of-apoptosis protein and Cellular fas-associated death domain-like interleukin-1β converting enzyme inhibitory protein in hepatocarcinoma subcutaneous xenograft tumors from mice. Western blot assays were used to measure the protein expression of DR4, DR5, FADD, Caspase-8, Caspase-3, and Cyto-C in the tumor tissues. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) of tumor tissues were tested.
RESULTS In the process of purification, characterization and synthesis of scolopentide, the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions (extract ratio: 5.86%, IC50: 0.310 mg/mL) were as follows: Trypsin at 0.1 g (300 U/g, centipede-trypsin ratio of 20:1), enzymolysis temperature of 46 °C, and enzymolysis time of 4 h, which was superior to freeze-thawing with liquid nitrogen (IC50: 3.07 mg/mL). A peptide with the strongest antihepatoma activity (scolopentide) was further purified through a Sephadex G-25 column (obtained A2) and two steps of HPLC (obtained B5 and C3). The molecular weight of the extracted scolopentide was 1018.997 Da, and the peptide sequence was RAQNHYCK, as characterized by QTOF MS and Mascot. Scolopentide was synthesized in vitro with a qualified molecular weight (1018.8 Da) and purity (98.014%), which was characterized by MS and HPLC. Extracted scolopentide still had an antineoplastic effect in vitro, which inhibited the proliferation of Eca-109 (IC50: 76.27 μg/mL), HepG2 (IC50: 22.06 μg/mL), and A549 (IC50: 35.13 μg/mL) cells, especially HepG2 cells. Synthetic scolopentide inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells (treated 6, 12, and 24 h) in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro, and the inhibitory effects were the strongest at 12 h (IC50: 208.11 μg/mL). Synthetic scolopentide also inhibited the tumor volume (Vehicle vs Scolopentide, P = 0.0003) and weight (Vehicle vs Scolopentide, P = 0.0022) in the tumor xenograft experiment. Mechanistically, flow cytometry suggested that the apoptosis ratios of HepG2 cells after treatment with extracted scolopentide were 5.01% (0 μg/mL), 12.13% (10 μg/mL), 16.52% (20 μg/mL), and 23.20% (40 μg/mL). Hoechst staining revealed apoptosis in HepG2 cells after treatment with synthetic scolopentide in vitro. The CCK8 assay and morphological changes indicated that synthetic scolopentide was cytotoxic and was significantly stronger in HepG2 cells than in L02 cells. Molecular docking suggested that scolopentide tightly bound to DR4 and DR5, and the binding free energies were-10.4 kcal/mol and-7.1 kcal/mol, respectively. In subcutaneous xenograft tumors from mice, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting suggested that scolopentide activated DR4 and DR5 and induced apoptosis in SMMC-7721 Liver cancer cells by promoting the expression of FADD, caspase-8 and caspase-3 through a mitochondria-independent pathway.
CONCLUSION Scolopentide, an antihepatoma peptide purified from centipedes, may inspire new antihepatoma agents. Scolopentide activates DR4 and DR5 and induces apoptosis in liver cancer cells through a mitochondria-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xing Hu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Scientific Research, Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhe Deng
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Province University Key Laboratory of Oncology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ting Feng
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qing-Hong Zhou
- Department of Pediatric, Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Si Mei
- Department of Physiology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chun Yi
- Department of Pathology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Andrology, First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| | - Pu-Hua Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Gang Pei
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Sha Tian
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Dr Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xue-Fei Tian
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
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Wang Y, Zhang P, Li H, Chen P, Zhang X, Wang B, Zhang M. Zhijing powder manages blood pressure by regulating PI3K/AKT signal pathway in hypertensive rats. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12777. [PMID: 36685421 PMCID: PMC9850196 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Zhijing Powder (ZJP) is a traditional Chinese medicine containing two kinds of Chinese medicine. Those studies analyze the molecular mechanism of ZJP in treating hypertension through network pharmacology, combined with animal experiments. Methods First, the effective ingredients and potential targets of the drug were obtained through drug databases, while the targets of disease obtained through disease target databases. The potential targets, cellular bioanalysis and signaling pathways were found in some platforms by analyzing collected targets. Further experiments were conducted to verify the effect and mechanism of drugs on cold and high salt in an induced-hypertension rat model. Results There are 17 effective components of centipedes and 10 of scorpions, with 464 drug targets obtained after screening. A total of 1263 hypertension targets were obtained after screening and integration, resulting in a protein-protein interaction network (PPI) with 145 points and 1310 edges. Gene ontology (GO) analysis shows that blood circulation regulation and activation of G protein-coupled receptors are mainly biological processes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis shows that neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, calcium signaling pathways, PI3K-AKT signaling pathways are the most abundant gene-enriched pathway. Animal experiments indicated that ZJP can reduce blood pressure (BP), affect expression of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, and improve oxidative stress in the body. Conclusion ZJP ameliorates oxidative stress and reduces BP in hypertensive rats caused by cold stimuli and high salt, revealing its effect on the expression of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the rat aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of CM, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei Province, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of CM, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hao Li
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Pingping Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of CM, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of CM, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Mingquan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of CM, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei Province, China
- Corresponding author.
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Feng T, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wei D, Sun J, Yu H, Tao X, Mao X, Hu Q, Ji S. Purification and identification of thrombolytic peptides from enzymatic hydrolysate of Pheretima vulgaris. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14414. [PMID: 36121709 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pheretima vulgaris has been prescribed for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in China for several hundred years in the form of dried powder in the clinic. However, the peptides with the potential antithrombotic activity of this source have never been reported. The total active proteins from Pheretima vulgaris were hydrolyzed by eight different commercial proteases and the alcalase hydrolysate showed the strongest thrombolytic activity. Four original thrombolytic peptides were isolated and characterized using bioactivity-directed fractionation of the active hydrolysate. The amino acid sequences were identified as HEPLPEP (m/z 818.40076), EYPLPEP (m/z 844.39648), LGEPSVP (m/z 698.39648), and LLAPP (m/z 510.28043) by nanoLC-ESI-Orbitrap mass spectrometry with PEAKS software. HEPLPEP and EYPLPEP, containing the common -PLPEP residue, showed superior thrombolytic activity in plasmin assay and fibrinogen-thrombin time assay. This research confirmed that Pheretima vulgaris was a potential source of active peptides with thrombolytic activities and provided novel candidates for the thrombolytic agents. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Thrombosis has become the leading cause of mortality as it was the common underlying pathology of cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic heart disease, and stroke. The demand for thrombolytics has increased gradually as the incidence trends of thrombosis-related diseases raise with the aging of the population. Four novel thrombolytic peptides were characterized from Pheretima vulgaris proteins hydrolysates, among which HEPLPEP and EYPLPEP could prevent the formation of thrombus and degrade existing thrombus in vitro. These peptides are promising to be meritorious templates for developing thrombolytic agents. The structure-function relationship of peptides resulting from the presence of specific residues in these sequences may contribute to extending the knowledge about their thrombolytic activity, which may be useful in designing novel thrombolytic agents. The present research based on a bioactivity-directed isolation strategy could also be applied to other animal-derived traditional Chinese medicines with proteins or peptides as their function basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Feng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China.,China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jingxian Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Yu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Tao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuhong Mao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Hu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Shen Ji
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, China.,China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
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Han Y, Kamau PM, Lai R, Luo L. Bioactive Peptides and Proteins from Centipede Venoms. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144423. [PMID: 35889297 PMCID: PMC9325314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Venoms are a complex cocktail of biologically active molecules, including peptides, proteins, polyamide, and enzymes widely produced by venomous organisms. Through long-term evolution, venomous animals have evolved highly specific and diversified peptides and proteins targeting key physiological elements, including the nervous, blood, and muscular systems. Centipedes are typical venomous arthropods that rely on their toxins primarily for predation and defense. Although centipede bites are frequently reported, the composition and effect of centipede venoms are far from known. With the development of molecular biology and structural biology, the research on centipede venoms, especially peptides and proteins, has been deepened. Therefore, we summarize partial progress on the exploration of the bioactive peptides and proteins in centipede venoms and their potential value in pharmacological research and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Sino-African Joint Research Center, and Engineering Laboratory of Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650107, China; (Y.H.); (P.M.K.)
| | - Peter Muiruri Kamau
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Sino-African Joint Research Center, and Engineering Laboratory of Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650107, China; (Y.H.); (P.M.K.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ren Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Sino-African Joint Research Center, and Engineering Laboratory of Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650107, China; (Y.H.); (P.M.K.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Lei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Sino-African Joint Research Center, and Engineering Laboratory of Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650107, China; (Y.H.); (P.M.K.)
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (L.L.)
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Wang G, Yang J, Hou D, Zheng R, Mamuti M, Guo M, Fan Z, An H, Wang H. Conformational Transition-Triggered Disassembly of Therapeutic Peptide Nanomedicine for Tumor Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100333. [PMID: 33870658 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cationic therapeutic peptides have received widespread attention due to their excellent antibacterial and antitumor properties. However, most of these peptides have undesirable delivery efficiency and high hemolytic toxicity due to the positively charged α-helix structure containing many lysine and arginine, which may restrict its in vivo applications. Herein, a conformationally transformed therapeutic peptide Pep-HCO3 modified with bicarbonates on guanidine groups is designed. Such a design allows Pep-HCO3 ((nap-RAGLQFPVGRLLRRLLRRLLR) nHCO3 ) to self-assemble into nanoparticles (NP-Pep) due to disrupting helix folding and the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between bicarbonates and guanidine groups. When pH is from 7.4 to 6.5 at the tumor sites, guanidine bicarbonate can be hydrolyzed to form CO2 and guanidine groups, resulting in the disassembling of the NP-Pep into monomers α-Pep with a positively charged α-helix structure. In vivo, NP-Pep not only inhibits the tumor growth of xenografted mice with a twofold enhanced inhibition rate compared with α-Pep treatment group, but also significantly reduces the hemolytic toxicity by responding to the pH of tumor microenvironment. Therefore, the strategy of conformational transition-triggered disassembly of nanoparticles allows efficient delivery of cationic therapeutic peptides and lowering the hemolytic toxicity, which may provide an avenue for developing high-performance cationic peptide in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo‐Qiao Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Jia Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Da‐Yong Hou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Rui Zheng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Muhetaerjiang Mamuti
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Min‐Jie Guo
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Zhi Fan
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Hong‐Wei An
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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Yang Y, Wang B, Tian Q, Li B. Purification and Characterization of Novel Collagen Peptides against Platelet Aggregation and Thrombosis from Salmo salar. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:19995-20003. [PMID: 32832753 PMCID: PMC7439260 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Collagen is a rich source of bioactive peptides and is widely distributed in the skin and bone tissue. In this study, collagen from Salmo salar skin was hydrolyzed with Alcalase or Protamex followed by simulated digestion, YMC ODS-A C18 separation, and ESI-MS/MS analysis. A total of 19 peptides were identified and synthesized for investigation of their antiplatelet activities. Hyp-Gly-Glu-Phe-Gly (OGEFG) and Asp-Glu-Gly-Pro (DEGP) exhibited the most potent activity against ADP-induced platelet aggregation among them with IC50 values of 277.17 and 290.00 μM, respectively, and inhibited the release of β-TG and 5-HT in a dose-dependent manner significantly. Single oral administration of OGEFG and DEGP also inhibited thrombus formation in a ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombosis model at a dose of 200 μmol/kg body weight and did not prolong the bleeding time or cause an immune response in mice. Therefore, our findings indicated that collagen peptides had a potential to be developed into an effective specific medical food in the prevention of thrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Yang
- College
of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo Wang
- College
of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qi Tian
- College
of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo Li
- College
of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
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Lee SY, Hur SJ. Purification of novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from beef myofibrillar proteins and analysis of their effect in spontaneously hypertensive rat model. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:109046. [PMID: 31174091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to purify the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from beef myofibrillar proteins by using inexpensive enzymes alkaline-AK and papain. Different molecular weight peptides (<3 and <10 kDa) were obtained using ultrafiltration. The <3 kDa peptides obtained by alkaline-AK (AK3K) digestion showed the highest ACE inhibitory activity (74.29%) as compared to other alkaline-AK peptides, and a strong antihypertensive effect of AK3K was observed in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model. The AK3K treatment groups (400 and 800 mg/kg body weight) exhibited a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 28 and 35 mmHg, respectively in the SHR model. The study demonstrated that the ACE inhibitory peptide obtained from beef myofibrillar proteins had the sequence Leu-Ile-Val-Gly-Ile-Ile-Arg-Cys-Val, and could be possibly used for lowering the SBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi 17546, Republic of Korea.
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Abdelhedi O, Khemakhem H, Nasri R, Jridi M, Mora L, Ben Amor I, Jamoussi K, Toldrá F, Gargouri J, Nasri M. Assessment of Cholesterol, Glycemia Control and Short- and Long-Term Antihypertensive Effects of Smooth Hound Viscera Peptides in High-Salt and Fructose Diet-Fed Wistar Rats. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E194. [PMID: 30934709 PMCID: PMC6520678 DOI: 10.3390/md17040194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the antihypertensive activity of Purafect®-smooth hound viscera protein hydrolysate (VPH) and its peptide fraction with molecular weight (MW) below 1 kDa (VPH-I) was investigated. In addition, the lipase inhibitory activity, as well the anticoagulant potential, in vitro, were assessed. The antihypertensive effects of VPH and VPH-I were studied during 24 h (short-term effect) and 30 days (long-term effect) using high-salt (18% NaCl) and -fructose (10%) diet (HSFD)-induced hypertension. Data showed that, 4 h post-administration of VPH and VPH-I (200 mg/kg BW), the systolic blood pressure of rats was reduced by about 6 and 9 mmHg, respectively. These effects were similar to that obtained with Captopril (~9 mmHg at t = 4 h). On the other hand, exposing the rats to daily to HSFD, coupled to the administration of viscera peptides, was found to attenuate hypertension. In addition, the proteins' treatments were able to correct lipid and glycemic disorders, by reducing the total cholesterol and triglyceride contents and resorting to the plasma glucose level, compared to the HSFD group. Overall, the present findings demonstrated the preventive effect of VPH-peptides from hypertension complications, as a result of their biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Abdelhedi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1173, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
| | - Hana Khemakhem
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, CHU HediChaker, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
| | - Rim Nasri
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1173, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
| | - Mourad Jridi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1173, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia.
| | - Leticia Mora
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnologíade Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ikram Ben Amor
- Centre Régional de Transfusion Sanguine de Sfax, Route El-Ain Km 0.5, Sfax 3003, Tunisia.
| | - Kamel Jamoussi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, CHU HediChaker, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
| | - Fidel Toldrá
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnologíade Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Jalel Gargouri
- Centre Régional de Transfusion Sanguine de Sfax, Route El-Ain Km 0.5, Sfax 3003, Tunisia.
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1173, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.
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Qiu J, Lingna W, Jinghong H, Yongqing Z. Oral administration of leeches (Shuizhi): A review of the mechanisms of action on antiplatelet aggregation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 232:103-109. [PMID: 30543914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leeches (Shuizhi) comprise approximately 680 species distributed throughout the world. As recorded, they have been used as traditional Chinese medicines since the Eastern Han Dynasty, where they were claimed for promote blood circulation and eliminate blood stasis. And have been used to prevent CVDs by exerting multiple effects when orally administered, one of which is the significant inhibition of platelet aggregation. Its ability to exert this effect has been extensively investigated in vivo and in clinical practice. AIM OF STUDY The aim of this review is to summarize and analyse the antiplatelet aggregation mechanisms of leeches by oral administration, support their therapeutic potential and uncover opportunities for future research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant studies from 1980 to 2018 on leeches and platelet aggregation were collected from ancient books, pharmacopoeia, reports and theses via library and internet databases (PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar, Web of science, SciFinder, Springer and Elsevier). RESULTS Leeches is a unique animal medicine, they can prevent platelet aggregation by inhibiting ADP-induced platelet aggregation, increasing PGI2, decreasing TXA2 and Ca2+, and possibly recovering endothelial cell dysfunction. Leeches also exhibit a strong ability to activate eNOS, leading to an increase in platelet-derived NO. Additionally, the pteridine compounds obtained and identified from leeches have sulfur structure similar to those of other antiplatelet aggregation agents, such as ticlopidine, clopidogrel and ticagrelor. CONCLUSION The present review has focused on the related antiplatelet aggregation mechanisms, dipyridine compounds and toxicological information of leeches. According to the reported data, leeches have emerged as a good source of natural medicine for the treatment of antiplatelet aggregation agents and also make educated guesses for material basis of effects on antiplatelet aggregation. This review can help provide new insights for further studies in association with the development of effective antiplatelet aggregation drugs from natural medicines, especially leeches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Wang Lingna
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Hu Jinghong
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Zhang Yongqing
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
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Hahn D, Bae JS. Recent Progress in the Discovery of Bioactive Components from Edible Natural Sources with Antithrombotic Activity. J Med Food 2019; 22:109-120. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.4268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyup Hahn
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Ge YH, Chen YY, Zhou GS, Liu X, Tang YP, Liu R, Liu P, Li N, Yang J, Wang J, Yue SJ, Zhou H, Duan JA. A Novel Antithrombotic Protease from Marine Worm Sipunculus Nudus. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103023. [PMID: 30287737 PMCID: PMC6213608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sipunculus nudus, an old marine species, has great potential for use as functional seafood due to its various bioactivities. Its potential antithrombotic activity pushed us to isolate the bio-active components bio-guided by tracking fibrinolytic activity. As a result, a novel protease named as SK (the kinase obtained from S. nudus) was obtained, which possessed a molecular weight of 28,003.67 Da and 15 N-terminal amino acid sequences of PFPVPDPFVWDTSFQ. SK exerted inhibitory effects on thrombus formation through improving the coagulation system with dose-effect relationship within a certain range. Furthermore, in most cases SK got obviously better effect than that of urokinase. With the help of untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics profiling, arachidonic acid, sphingolipid, and nicotinate and nicotinamide mechanism pathways were found to be important pathways. They revealed that the effect mechanism of SK on common carotid arterial thrombosis induced by FeCl3 was achieved by inhibiting vessel contraction, platelet aggregation, adhesion, and release, correcting endothelial cell dysfunction and retarding process of thrombus formation. This study demonstrated SK was a promising thrombolytic agent on the basis of its comprehensive activities on thrombosis, and it should get further exploitation and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Ge
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China.
| | - Gui-Sheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa 999078, Macau, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China.
| | - Shi-Jun Yue
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, and Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China.
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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14
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Taxonomy and Identification of the Genus Scolopendra in China Using Integrated Methods of External Morphology and Molecular Phylogenetics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16032. [PMID: 29167482 PMCID: PMC5700134 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15242-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The centipede Scolopendra has important medicinal value and high toxicity, making it to be an interesting subject for evolutionary studies. However, species identification in China is difficult because of limited resource exploration and lack of recent taxonomic revision. To improve the identification and taxonomy of the genus Scolopendra in China, an in-depth investigation was conducted, and an integrated method that combined morphological characteristics with molecular data was applied. The identification key was revised to show the main difference among species. Our results indicated that morphologically-delimited species were consistent with the molecular analysis inferred from the COI sequences with genetic distances and phylogenetic trees. Additional morphometrics of four characteristics provided criteria for shape variation. These results suggested that the members of the genus Scolopendra in China could be delineated as 14 separate species. A new species from Lufeng county, Yunnan province, was proposed according to its characteristics, which was named as S. lufengia sp. nov. Our results comprehensively ascertained the taxonomic status of Scolopendra species in China, explored their phylogenetic relationships, showed a high success in the identification of medicinal centipedes.
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Tu M, Feng L, Wang Z, Qiao M, Shahidi F, Lu W, Du M. Sequence analysis and molecular docking of antithrombotic peptides from casein hydrolysate by trypsin digestion. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Wang Y, Li X, Yang M, Wu C, Zou Z, Tang J, Yang X. Centipede venom peptide SsmTX-I with two intramolecular disulfide bonds shows analgesic activities in animal models. J Pept Sci 2017; 23:384-391. [PMID: 28247497 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pain is a major symptom of many diseases and results in enormous pressures on human body or society. Currently, clinically used analgesic drugs, including opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, have adverse reactions, and thus, the development of new types of analgesic drug candidates is urgently needed. Animal venom peptides have proven to have potential as new types of analgesic medicine. In this research, we describe the isolation and characterization of an analgesic peptide from the crude venom of centipede, Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans. The amino acid sequence of this peptide was identical with SsmTX-I that was previously reported as a specific Kv2.1 ion channel blocker. Our results revealed that SsmTX-I was produced by posttranslational processing of a 73-residue prepropeptide. The intramolecular disulfide bridge motifs of SsmTX-I was Cys1-Cys3 and Cys2-Cys4. Functional assay revealed that SsmTX-I showed potential analgesic activities in formalin-induced paw licking, thermal pain, and acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing mice models. Our research provides the first report of cDNA sequences, disulfide motif, successful synthesis, and analgesic potential of SsmTX-I for the development of pain-killing drugs. It indicates that centipede peptide toxins could be a treasure trove for the search of novel analgesic drug candidates. Copyright © 2017 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Ethic Drug Screening and Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission and Ministry of Education, Yunnan University of Nationalities, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Meifeng Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chunyun Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhirong Zou
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
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Insects, arachnids and centipedes venom: A powerful weapon against bacteria. A literature review. Toxicon 2017; 130:91-103. [PMID: 28242227 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Currently, new antimicrobial molecules extracted or obtained by natural sources, could be a valide alternative to traditional antibiotics. Most of these molecules are represented by antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are essential compounds of insect, arachnids and centipedes venom. AMPs, due to their strong effectiveness, low resistance rates and peculiar mode of action, seem to have all the suitable features to be a powerful weapon against several bacteria, especially considering the increasing antibiotic-resistance phenomena. The present literature review focuses on the antibacterial activity of bee, wasp, ant, scorpion, spider and scolopendra crude venom and of their main biological active compounds. After a brief overview of each animal and venom use in folkloristic medicine, this review reports, in a comprehensive table, the results obtained by the most relevant and recent researches carried out on the antibacterial activity of different venom and their AMPs. For each considered study, the table summarizes data concerning minimal inhibitory concentration values, minimal bactericidal concentration values, the methods employed, scientific name and common names and provenience of animal species from which the crude venom and its respective compounds were obtained.
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Chaparro E, da Silva P. Lacrain: the first antimicrobial peptide from the body extract of the Brazilian centipede Scolopendra viridicornis. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 48:277-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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19
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Zhang SB. In vitro antithrombotic activities of peanut protein hydrolysates. Food Chem 2016; 202:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Liu X, Wang C, Ding X, Liu X, Li Q, Kong Y. A novel selective inhibitor to thrombin-induced platelet aggregation purified from the leech Whitmania pigra. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:349-354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Yu G, Wang F, Zhang B, Fan J. In vitro inhibition of platelet aggregation by peptides derived from oat (Avena sativa L.), highland barley (Hordeum vulgare Linn. var. nudum Hook. f.), and buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) proteins. Food Chem 2016; 194:577-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Lee W, Lee J, Kulkarni R, Kim MA, Hwang JS, Na M, Bae JS. Antithrombotic and antiplatelet activities of small-molecule alkaloids from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21956. [PMID: 26905699 PMCID: PMC4764974 DOI: 10.1038/srep21956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to discover small-molecule anticoagulants from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans (SSM). A new acylated polyamine (1) and a new sulfated quinoline alkaloid (2) were isolated from SSM. Treatment with the new alkaloids 1, 2, and indole acetic acid 4 prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time and inhibited the activity and production of thrombin and activated factor X. Furthermore, compounds 1, 2, and 4 inhibited thrombin-catalyzed fibrin polymerization and platelet aggregation. In accordance with these potential in vitro antiplatelet activities, compounds 1, 2, and 4 showed enhanced antithrombotic effects in an in vivo pulmonary embolism and arterial thrombosis model. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 also elicited anticoagulant effects in mice. Collectively, this study may serve as the groundwork for commercializing SSM or compounds 1, 2, and 4 as functional food components for the prevention and treatment of pathogenic conditions and serve as new scaffolds for the development of anticoagulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonhwa Lee
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - JungIn Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Roshan Kulkarni
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ae Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 166 Nongsaengmyoungro, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sam Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 166 Nongsaengmyoungro, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Hakim MA, Yang S, Lai R. Centipede venoms and their components: resources for potential therapeutic applications. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:4832-51. [PMID: 26593947 PMCID: PMC4663536 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7114832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Venomous animals have evolved with sophisticated bio-chemical strategies to arrest prey and defend themselves from natural predators. In recent years, peptide toxins from venomous animals have drawn considerable attention from researchers due to their surprising chemical, biochemical, and pharmacological diversity. Similar to other venomous animals, centipedes are one of the crucial venomous arthropods that have been used in traditional medicine for hundreds of years in China. Despite signifying pharmacological importance, very little is known about the active components of centipede venoms. More than 500 peptide sequences have been reported in centipede venomous glands by transcriptome analysis, but only a small number of peptide toxins from centipede has been functionally described. Like other venomous animals such as snakes, scorpions, and spiders, the venom of centipedes could be an excellent source of peptides for developing drugs for treatments as well as bio-insecticides for agrochemical applications. Although centipede venoms are yet to be adequately studied, the venom of centipedes as well as their components described to date, should be compiled to help further research. Therefore, based on previous reports, this review focusses on findings and possible therapeutic applications of centipede venoms as well as their components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Hakim
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100009, China.
| | - Shilong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100009, China.
| | - Ren Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.
- Joint Laboratory of Natural Peptide, University of Science and Technology of China and Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
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Tripeptide SQL Inhibits Platelet Aggregation and Thrombus Formation by Affecting PI3K/Akt Signaling. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2015; 66:254-60. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Tian Z, Li B, Guo L, Wu M, Fu T, Cheng H, Zhu H. Purification and biochemical characterization of a novel fibrinolytic enzyme, PSLTro01, from a medicinal animal Porcellio scaber Latreille. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 80:536-46. [PMID: 26123818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel protease, named PSLTro01, with fibrinolytic and anticoagulant activity was isolated from Porcellio scaber Latreille and was purified by a combination of hollow fibre membrane molecular weight cut-off (MWCO), ammonium sulfate fractionation, gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. PSLTro01 is a single-chain protein with a molecular mass of 38,497 Da as estimated by non-reduced SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF MS spectrometry, and its N-terminal 15 amino acid sequence was determined as DINGGGATLPQPLYQ. PSLTro01 is stable in the range of 20-40 °C and pH 6.0-10.0, with a maximum fibrinolytic activity at 40 °C and pH 7.0. The PSLTro01-induced fibrinolytic activity was not influenced by K(+) or Na(+) but was slightly increased by Mg(2+) and completely inhibited by aprotinin and pepstatin A. Fibrin plate assays revealed that PSLTro01 could not directly degrade fibrin but was a plasminogen activator. PSLTro01 exhibited high specificity for the substrate S-2251 for plasmin, followed by S-2238 for thrombin and S-2444 for urokinase. Moreover, the fibrinogenolysis pattern of PSLTro01 was Aα-chains>Bβ-chains>γ-chain. Tail-thrombus of the enzyme treated group was significantly shorter than the physiological saline treated group and the thrombus decrement was correlated with the enzyme dose. PSLTro01 prolongs both thrombin time (TT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). These results indicate that PSLTro01 may have potential applications in the prevention and treatment of thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Tian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Separation Engineering for Chinese Medicine Compound, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Bo Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Liwei Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Separation Engineering for Chinese Medicine Compound, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Mianhua Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Tingming Fu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Separation Engineering for Chinese Medicine Compound, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Haibo Cheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Huaxu Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Separation Engineering for Chinese Medicine Compound, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
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Cho G, Han K, Yoon J. Stability Test and Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses of the Amino Acids in Pharmacopuncture Extracted from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans. J Pharmacopuncture 2015; 18:44-55. [PMID: 25830058 PMCID: PMC4379475 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2015.18.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans (S. subspinipes mutilans) is known as a traditional medicine and includes various amino acids, peptides and proteins. The amino acids in the pharmacopuncture extracted from S. subspinipes mutilans by using derivatization methods were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) over a 12 month period to confirm its stability. Methods: Amino acids of pharmacopuncture extracted from S. subspinipes mutilans were derived by using O-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) & 9-fluorenyl methoxy carbonyl chloride (FMOC) reagent and were analyzed using HPLC. The amino acids were detected by using a diode array detector (DAD) and a fluorescence detector (FLD) to compare a mixed amino acid standard (STD) to the pharmacopuncture from centipedes. The stability tests on the pharmacopuncture from centipedes were done using HPLC for three conditions: a room temperature test chamber, an acceleration test chamber, and a cold test chamber. Results: The pharmacopuncture from centipedes was prepared by using the method of the Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute (KPI) and through quantitative analyses was shown to contain 9 amino acids of the 16 amino acids in the mixed amino acid STD. The amounts of the amino acids in the pharmacopuncture from centipedes were 34.37 ppm of aspartate, 123.72 ppm of arginine, 170.63 ppm of alanine, 59.55 ppm of leucine and 57 ppm of lysine. The relative standard deviation (RSD %) results for the pharmacopuncture from centipedes had a maximum value of 14.95% and minimum value of 1.795% on the room temperature test chamber, the acceleration test chamber and the cold test chamber stability tests. Conclusion: Stability tests on and quantitative and qualitative analyses of the amino acids in the pharmacopuncture extracted from centipedes by using derivatization methods were performed by using HPLC. Through research, we hope to determine the relationship between time and the concentrations of the amino acids in the pharmacopuncture extracted from centipedes.
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Affiliation(s)
- GyeYoon Cho
- Department of Research & Development, Pharmacopuncture Research Laboratory, Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - KyuChul Han
- Department of Research & Development, Pharmacopuncture Research Laboratory, Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - JinYoung Yoon
- Department of Research & Development, Pharmacopuncture Research Laboratory, Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute, Seoul, Korea
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Inhibitory Effects of Scolopendra Pharmacopuncture on the Development and Maintenance of Neuropathic Pain in Rats: Possible Involvement of Spinal Glial Cells. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2015; 8:236-44. [PMID: 26433800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Scolopendra extracts were used for pharmacopuncture at the Kidney 1 acupoint to investigate the role of Scolopendra pharmacopuncture (SPP) in both the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain induced by L5 spinal nerve ligation in rats and the contribution of spinal glial cells. A single treatment and five once-daily treatments with SPP were given to evaluate its effects on the development and maintenance stages of neuropathic pain, respectively, which was followed by behavioral tests. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting tests were also carried out. A single treatment of SPP delayed spinal nerve ligation-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia and induced a profound decrease in the expression of ionized calcium binding adaptor protein in the lumbar spinal cord. Repeated SPP treatments reliably suppressed mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia at later time points, and these results correlated mainly with decreases in glial fibrillary acidic protein. Intriguingly, ionized calcium binding adaptor protein expression was also reduced after repeated SPP. These results illustrate that neuropathic pain in the development and maintenance stages is alleviated by SPP treatment, which may be ascribed principally to deactivations of microglia and astroglia, respectively. Additionally, microglial inactivation seems to be partially involved in preventing neuropathic pain in the maintenance stage.
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Kong Y, Xu C, He ZL, Zhou QM, Wang JB, Li ZY, Ming X. A novel peptide inhibitor of platelet aggregation from stiff silkworm, Bombyx batryticatus. Peptides 2014; 53:70-8. [PMID: 24361453 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel platelet aggregation inhibitory peptide, named BB octapeptide, was isolated from stiff silkworm (Bombyx batryticatus) by gel filtration, anion-exchange, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The molecular mass of the peptide was determined to be 885 Da using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and the sequence was identified as Asp-Pro-Asp-Ala-Asp-IIe-Leu-Gln using the Edman degradation method. To test its biological activity, the peptide was chemically synthesized using Fmoc solid-phase synthesis method. BB octapeptide inhibited rabbit platelet aggregation that was induced by collagen and epinephrine, with the IC50 values of 91.14 μM and 104.50 μM, respectively. After intravenous administrated in mice (30 mg/kg, 4 days), BB octapeptide showed similar ex vivo efficacy of inhibiting platelet aggregation as aspirin (10 mg/kg). In addition, this peptide prevented paralysis and death in pulmonary thromboembolism model and significantly reduced ferric chloride-induced thrombus formation in rats. Moreover, it exhibited low cytotoxicity in a cellular model. In conclusion, this is the first report that a novel platelet aggregation inhibitory peptide was isolated from stiff silkworm (B. batryticatus). Due to the excellent efficacy in reducing platelet aggregation and low toxicity, it can be a valuable lead compound for new drug design and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Kong
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Cheng Xu
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhi-Long He
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Qiu-Mei Zhou
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jin-Bin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yu Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xin Ming
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Kong Y, Shao Y, Chen H, Ming X, Wang JB, Li ZY, Wei JF. A Novel Factor Xa-Inhibiting Peptide from Centipedes Venom. Int J Pept Res Ther 2013; 19:303-311. [PMID: 24273471 PMCID: PMC3824214 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-013-9353-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Centipedes have been used as traditional medicine for thousands of years in China. Centipede venoms consist of many biochemical peptides and proteins. Factor Xa (FXa) is a serine endopeptidase that plays the key role in blood coagulation, and has been used as a new target for anti-thrombotic drug development. A novel FXa inhibitor, a natural peptide with the sequence of Thr-Asn-Gly-Tyr-Thr (TNGYT), was isolated from the venom of Scolopendra subspinipesmutilans using a combination of size-exclusion and reverse-phase chromatography. The molecular weight of the TNGYT peptide was 554.3 Da measured by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The amino acid sequence of TNGYT was determined by Edman degradation. TNGYT inhibited the activity of FXa in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 41.14 mg/ml. It prolonged the partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time in both in vitro and ex vivo assays. It also significantly prolonged whole blood clotting time and bleeding time in mice. This is the first report that an FXa inhibiting peptide was isolated from centipedes venom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Kong
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Shao
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Ming
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Jin-Bin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yu Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji-Fu Wei
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 China
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