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Rabelo ACS, Andrade AKDL, Costa DC. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies. Nutrients 2024; 16:1174. [PMID: 38674865 PMCID: PMC11055095 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (AFLD) is characterized by the accumulation of lipids in liver cells owing to the metabolism of ethanol. This process leads to a decrease in the NAD+/NADH ratio and the generation of reactive oxygen species. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate the role of oxidative stress in AFLD. A total of 201 eligible manuscripts were included, which revealed that animals with AFLD exhibited elevated expression of CYP2E1, decreased enzymatic activity of antioxidant enzymes, and reduced levels of the transcription factor Nrf2, which plays a pivotal role in the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, animals with AFLD exhibited increased levels of lipid peroxidation markers and carbonylated proteins, collectively contributing to a weakened antioxidant defense and increased oxidative damage. The liver damage in AFLD was supported by significantly higher activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase enzymes. Moreover, animals with AFLD had increased levels of triacylglycerol in the serum and liver, likely due to reduced fatty acid metabolism caused by decreased PPAR-α expression, which is responsible for fatty acid oxidation, and increased expression of SREBP-1c, which is involved in fatty acid synthesis. With regard to inflammation, animals with AFLD exhibited elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-a, IL-1β, and IL-6. The heightened oxidative stress, along with inflammation, led to an upregulation of cell death markers, such as caspase-3, and an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Overall, the findings of the review and meta-analysis indicate that ethanol metabolism reduces important markers of antioxidant defense while increasing inflammatory and apoptotic markers, thereby contributing to the development of AFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Silveira Rabelo
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35402-163, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Caldeira Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35402-163, Brazil
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Qiao J, Li H, Jinxiang C, Shi Y, Li N, Zhu P, Zhang S, Miao M. Mulberry fruit repairs alcoholic liver injury by modulating lipid metabolism and the expression of miR-155 and PPARα in rats. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:261. [PMID: 37530875 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01131-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
As alcohol consumption increases, alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has become more popular and is threating our human life. In this study, we found mulberry fruit extract (MFE) repaired alcohol-caused liver diseases by regulating hepatic lipid biosynthesis pathway and oxidative singling in alcoholically liver injured (ALI) rats. MFE administration inhibited hepatic lipid accumulation and improved liver steatosis in ALI rats. MFE also enhanced the antioxidant capacity and alleviated the inflammatory response by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing the contents of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Additionally, MFE regulated the expression of miRNA-155 and lipid metabolism-related PPARα protein in rats. Both miR-155 and PPARα play important roles in liver function. The results indicate that MFE has hepatoprotective effects against ALI in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Qiao
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hanwei Li
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chen Jinxiang
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yanmei Shi
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ning Li
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Pingsheng Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Sisen Zhang
- People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Mingsan Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Song SY, Lee SH, Bae MS, Park DH, Cho SS. Strong inhibition of xanthine oxidase and elastase of Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC stem extract and analysis of biologically active constituents. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1160330. [PMID: 37305531 PMCID: PMC10248149 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1160330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In the present study, strong xanthine oxidase and elastase activities of Baccharis trimera (Less) DC stem (BT) were evaluated and active ingredients were identified to determine the possibility of using BT extract as an anti-hyperuricemia (gout) and cosmetic functional material. Methods: Hot water, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% ethanolic extracts of BT were prepared. The hot water extract had the highest extraction yield whereas the 100% ethanolic extract had the lowest yield. Results and discussion: Antioxidant effects were investigated based on DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and total phenolic contents. The 80% ethanolic extract showed the highest antioxidant activity. However, the 100% ethanol BT extract showed strong xanthine oxidase and elastase inhibitory activities. Functional substances were thought to be caffeic acid and luteolin. Minor active substances such as o-coumaric acid, palmitic acid, naringenin, protocatechoic acid, and linoleic acid were identified. Through this study, we firstly reported evidence that BT stem extract could be used as functional materials with anti-hyperuricemia and skin disease improving effects. BT stem extract could be used as an anti-hyperuricemia (gout) natural drug or cosmetic material. For further study, practical studies such as optimizing BT extraction and functional experiments for hyperuricemia (gout) and skin wrinkle improvement are considered necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Yub Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine, Health, and Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine, Health, and Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Suk Bae
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju-si, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine, Health, and Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
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Coelho AM, Queiroz IF, Lima WG, Talvani A, Perucci LO, Oliveira de Souza M, Costa DC. Temporal analysis of paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:472-481. [PMID: 35313777 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2052891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity (APAP) causes severe damage that may be irreversible. Understanding the evolution of liver injury caused by overdose of the drug is important to assist in the treatment. In the present study, we evaluated the acute intoxication by APAP (500 mg/kg) in periods of 3 and 12 hours in C57BL/6 mice through biochemical, histological, inflammatory parameters, and the redox status. The results showed that in the 3-hour period there was an increase in creatinine dosage and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) compared to the control group. In the period of 12 hours after APAP intoxication all parameters evaluated were altered; there was an increase of ALT, AST, and necrosis, besides the increase of redox status biomarkers as carbonylated protein, TBARS, and MMP-9. We also observed activation of the inflammasome pathway as well as a reduction in the regenerative capacity of hepatocytes with a decrease in binucleated liver cells. In cytochrome gene expression, the mRNA level increased in CYP2E1 isoenzyme and reduced CYP1A2 expression. This study indicated that early treatment is necessary to mitigate APAP-induced acute liver injury, and alternative therapies capable of controlling the progression of intoxication in the liver are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Meireles Coelho
- Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isabela Ferreira Queiroz
- Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Geraldo Lima
- Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Talvani
- Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiza Oliveira Perucci
- Center for Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Melina Oliveira de Souza
- Department of Food (DEALI), School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela Caldeira Costa
- Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Linsaenkart P, Ruksiriwanich W, Jantrawut P, Chittasupho C, Rachtanapun P, Jantanasakulwong K, Sommano SR, Prom-u-thai C, Jamjod S, Arjin C, Sringarm K, Barba FJ. Natural Melanogenesis Inhibitor, Antioxidant, and Collagen Biosynthesis Stimulator of Phytochemicals in Rice Bran and Husk Extracts from Purple Glutinous Rice ( Oryza sativa L. cv. Pieisu 1 CMU) for Cosmetic Application. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:970. [PMID: 36840317 PMCID: PMC9962111 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Oryza sativa L. cv. Pieisu 1 CMU (PES1CMU) has a high anthocyanin content in the colored bran and high phenolic content in the husk. Biologically active compounds in plants are available as dietary supplements and cosmetics. To expand the utilization of natural resources, PES1CMU will be a natural remedy for skin hyperpigmentation and aging. Cell-free tyrosinase inhibition and scavenging assays were used to screen all extracts, including PES1CMU-rice bran oil (RBO), PES1CMU-defatted rice bran (DFRB), and PES1CMU-husk (H). PES1CMU extracts were first examined in IBMX-stimulated B16 cells and H2O2-induced fibroblasts. The results exhibited that PES1CMU-DFRB was the most effective inhibitor of mushroom tyrosinase, intracellular melanin production (fold change of 1.11 ± 0.01), and tyrosinase activity (fold change of 1.22 ± 0.10) in IBMX-stimulated B16 cells. Particularly, PES1CMU-DFRB showed a comparable whitening effect to the standard arbutin with no significant difference (p > 0.05). Moreover, PES1CMU-DFRB and PES1CMU-H demonstrated strong scavenging activities. After accelerated cell aging caused by H2O2 exposure in fibroblasts, the levels of malondialdehyde production in all PES1CMU-treated fibroblasts were comparable with those of standard l-ascorbic acid (p > 0.05). Besides, PES1CMU-DFRB and PES1CMU-H treatment significantly inhibited collagen degradation against MMP-2 compared to l-ascorbic acid-treated cells (p > 0.05). PES1CMU rice-processing wastes (DFRB and H) could become potential natural sources for dermatocosmetic constituents in skin anti-aging and whitening products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichchapa Linsaenkart
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Warintorn Ruksiriwanich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Chuda Chittasupho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | | | - Sansanee Jamjod
- Lanna Rice Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chaiwat Arjin
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Korawan Sringarm
- Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, 46100 València, Spain
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Muhammad Abdur Rahman H, Javaid S, Ashraf W, Fawad Rasool M, Saleem H, Ali Khan S, Ul-Haq Z, Muhammad Muneeb Anjum S, Ahmad T, Alqahtani F, Ur Rehman A, Imran I. Effects of long-term Ailanthus altissima extract supplementation on fear, cognition and brain antioxidant levels. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:191-206. [PMID: 36942273 PMCID: PMC10023549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ailanthus altissima is an indigenous plant known for various remedial properties. The present study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of methanolic extract Ailanthus altissima (AA) bark as current scientific trend is searching plant for neurodegenerative diseases, worldwide. Methodology In in-vitro experiments, the AA was analyzed for phenols, flavonoids, antioxidative and cholinesterase inhibitory properties with subsequent detailed characterization for secondary metabolites. The in-vivo neurological effects were evaluated in rats through behavioral assessment for anxiety and memory after chronic administration (28 days) of 50-200 mg/kg of AA. At the end of behavior studies, isolated brains were biochemically tested to determine antioxidant enzyme activity. Results AA was found rich in phenols/flavonoids and active in radical scavenging with the presence of 13 secondary metabolites in UHPLC-MS analysis. The AA yielded anxiolytic effects dose-dependently in the open field, light/dark and elevated-plus maze tests as animals significantly (P < 0.05 vs control group) preferred open arena, illuminated zone and exposed arms of maze. Similarly, the animals treated with AA showed significant (P < 0.05 vs amnesic group) increase in spontaneous alternation, discrimination index in y-maze, novel object recognition tests. Further, AA.Cr treated rats showed noticeably shorter escape latencies in Morris water maze tests.In biochemical analysis, the dissected brains AA treated rats showed reduced levels of AChE and malondialdehyde with increased levels of first-line antioxidant enzymes i.e. glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. These observed biological effects might be attributed to phenols and flavonoids constituents owned by AA. -The in-silico studies showed thatconessine and lophirone J phytocompounds have good blood-brain barrier permeability and interaction with AChE. Conclusion The outcomes of this study validate that bark of Ailanthus altissima might work as a source of bioactive phytochemicals of neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sana Javaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Saleem
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Salman Ali Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Third World Center for Science and Technology, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Muhammad Muneeb Anjum
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Institut pour l’Avancée des Biosciences, Centre de Recherche UGA / INSERM U1209 / CNRS 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Anees Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Corresponding authors.
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Hussain Y, Singh J, Raza W, Meena A, Rajak S, Sinha RA, Luqman S. Purpurin ameliorates alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity by reducing ROS generation and promoting Nrf2 expression. Life Sci 2022; 309:120964. [PMID: 36115584 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Purpurin, a naturally occurring anthraquinone isolated from the roots of Rubia cordifolia, exhibits anti-cancer, anti-genotoxic, anti-microbial, neuromodulatory and photodynamic activity. However, purpurin's in vivo and in vitro antioxidant mechanism remains unexplored. The present study explores the anti-oxidative mechanism of purpurin under the influence of alcohol using in vivo and in vitro test systems. METHODS Mice hepatocytes and alcohol-induced liver toxicity model were used to evaluate the effect of purpurin. The non-enzymatic and enzymatic oxidative stress markers were estimated by the colorimetric method. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified in mitochondria and cells using flow cytometer. Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to quantify cytochrome 450 subtype 2E1 (CYP2E1) and Nrf2 expression in the liver tissue of mice. In silico studies were performed through receptor-ligand binding interaction. KEY FINDINGS Purpurin effectively reduced total cellular and mitochondrial ROS in primary hepatocytes and WRL-68 cells. It prevented alcohol-induced ROS-dependent biochemical and cellular insults observed by analysing the serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) levels and CYP2E1 expression in liver tissue of alcohol-administered mice. Moreover, it also restored the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Its antioxidant effect was established by glutathione and ROS-dependent mechanisms using buthionine sulfoximine and N-acetyl cysteine. Along with alcohol, purpurin up-regulated Nrf2 expression in hepatocytes. SIGNIFICANCE This work confirmed the ameliorative effect of purpurin for alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity by drabbing free radicals and curbing oxidative stress via activation of antioxidant signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Hussain
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Waseem Raza
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sangam Rajak
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Anthony Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Souza FRM, Silva GMM, Cadavid COM, Lisboa LDS, Silva MMCL, Paiva WS, Ferreira MJP, de Paula Oliveira R, Rocha HAO. Antioxidant Baccharis trimera Leaf Extract Suppresses Lipid Accumulation in C. elegans Dependent on Transcription Factor NHR-49. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101913. [PMID: 36290635 PMCID: PMC9598929 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global public health problem that is associated with oxidative stress. One of the strategies for the treatment of obesity is the use of drugs; however, these are expensive and have numerous side effects. Therefore, the search for new alternatives is necessary. Baccharis trimera is used in Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of obesity. Here, B. trimera leaf extract (BT) showed antioxidant activity in seven in vitro tests, and it was not toxic to 3T3 murine fibroblasts or Caenorhabditis elegans. Furthermore, BT reduces the intracellular amount of reactive oxygen species and increases C. elegans survival. Moreover, these effects were not dependent on transcription factors. The inhibition of fat accumulation by BT in the C. elegans model was also investigated. BT reduced lipid accumulation in animals fed diets without or with high amount of glucose. Furthermore, it was observed using RNA interference (iRNA) that BT depends on the transcription factor NHR-49 to exert its effect. Phytochemical analysis of BT revealed rutin, hyperoside, and 5-caffeoylquinic acid as the main BT components. Thus, these data demonstrate that BT has antioxidant and anti-obesity effects. However, further studies should be conducted to understand the mechanisms involved in its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Roberta Monteiro Souza
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Melo Martins Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Bioquímica (LGB), Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Cesar Orlando Muñoz Cadavid
- Laboratório de Genética Bioquímica (LGB), Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Lucas dos Santos Lisboa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Maylla Maria Correia Leite Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Weslley Souza Paiva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Marcelo José Pena Ferreira
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Riva de Paula Oliveira
- Laboratório de Genética Bioquímica (LGB), Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte—UFRN, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-84-99999-9561
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Coelho AM, Queiroz IF, Perucci LO, de Souza MO, Lima WG, Talvani A, Costa DC. Piperine as Therapeutic Agent in Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091800. [PMID: 36145547 PMCID: PMC9504321 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High doses of paracetamol (APAP) can cause irreversible liver damage. Piperine (P) inhibits cytochrome P450, which is involved in the metabolism of various xenobiotics, including paracetamol. We evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of piperine with or without N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. The mice were treated with two doses of piperine (P20 or P40) and/or NAC at 2 h after administration of APAP. The NAC+P20 and NAC+P40 groups showed a reduced area of necrosis, MMP-9 activity, and Casp-1 expression. Furthermore, the NAC+P20 group was the only treatment that reduced alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and increased the levels of sulfhydryl groups (-SH). In the NAC+P40 group, NLRP-3 expression was reduced. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and IL-1β expression decreased in the NAC, NAC+P20, and NAC+P40 groups compared to the APAP group. The liver necrosis area, TNF levels, carbonylated protein, and IL-18 expression decreased in the P40, NAC, NAC+P20, and NAC+P40 groups compared to the APAP group. The cytokine IL-6 was reduced in all treatments. Piperine can be used in combination with NAC to treat APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Meireles Coelho
- Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
- Center for Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Isabela Ferreira Queiroz
- Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Luiza Oliveira Perucci
- Center for Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Melina Oliveira de Souza
- Department of Food (DEALI), School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Geraldo Lima
- Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
- Center for Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | - André Talvani
- Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Daniela Caldeira Costa
- Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
- Center for Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
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10
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Antunes C, Arbo MD, Konrath EL. Hepatoprotective Native Plants Documented in Brazilian Traditional Medicine Literature: Current Knowledge and Prospects. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100933. [PMID: 35421282 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The native flora of Brazil covers a large biodiversity of plants, some of which have important pharmacological properties. Ethnobotanical studies have established that the folk use of plants for hepatobiliary disorders is very common in Brazil. This review aimed to compile, describe and discuss the main native Brazilian medicinal plants used as hepatoprotective agents listed on 25 books by authors from various regions in the country. Based on the 153 species found, a comprehensive analysis of the most relevant scientific studies is presented, including Piper umbellatum, Echinodorus macrophyllus, Fevillea trilobata and Achyrocline satureioides. Some medicinal plants share both a large number of citations and scientific evidence to corroborate their hepatoprotective effects, including Solanum paniculatum, Baccharis crispa and Phyllanthus niruri, which could be of interest to develop new phytomedicines. Additionally, some active ingredients are indicated as being responsible for the liver protective effects described, particularly phenolic compounds (flavonoids, coumestans and lignans).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Antunes
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90610-000, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dutra Arbo
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90610-000, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luis Konrath
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90610-000, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
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11
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Mendes TC, Silva GRDA, Silva AO, Schaedler MI, Guarnier LP, Palozi RAC, Signor CT, Bosco JDD, Auth PA, Amaral EC, Froelich DL, Soares AA, Lovato ECW, Ribeiro-Paes JT, Gasparotto Junior A, Lívero FADR. Hepato- and cardioprotective effects of Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. against multiple risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20200899. [PMID: 34161513 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120200899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide and have several risk factors, including dyslipidemia, smoking, and hypertension. Studies have evaluated isolated risk factors in experimental models of cardiovascular disease, but few preclinical studies have assessed associations between multiple risk factors. In the present study, hypertensive Wistar rats (Goldblatt 2K1C model) received a 0.5% cholesterol diet and were exposed to tobacco smoke for 8 weeks. During the last 4 weeks, the animals were treated with vehicle, an ethanol-soluble fraction of B. trimera (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg), or simvastatin + enalapril. A group of normotensive, non-dyslipidemic, and non-smoking rats was treated with vehicle. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, and hepatic and fecal lipids, blood pressure, and mesenteric arterial bed reactivity were evaluated. Cardiac, hepatic, and renal histopathology and tecidual redox state were also investigated. Untreated animals exhibited significant changes in blood pressure, lipid profile, and biomarkers of heart, liver, and kidney damage. Treatment with B. trimera reversed these changes, with effects that were similar to simvastatin + enalapril. These findings suggest that B. trimera may be promising for the treatment of cardiovascular and hepatic disorders, especially disorders that are associated with multiple risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane C Mendes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R DA Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Aniely O Silva
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Maysa I Schaedler
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Lucas P Guarnier
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Rhanany A C Palozi
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Cleide T Signor
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Janaína D Dal Bosco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Pablo A Auth
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Eduarda C Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Diego L Froelich
- Faculdade Assis Gurgacz, Laboratório de Prevenção e Diagnóstico, Avenida das Torres, 500, 85806-095 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Andréia A Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Evellyn C W Lovato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Neurociências, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - João T Ribeiro-Paes
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Genética e Terapia Celular, Avenida Dom Antonio, 2100, 19806-900 Assis, SP, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Cardiovascular, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Francislaine A Dos Reis Lívero
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Caixa Postal 224, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
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12
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Ramos-Tovar E, Muriel P. Molecular Mechanisms That Link Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in the Liver. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121279. [PMID: 33333846 PMCID: PMC7765317 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and myofibroblasts are the main producers of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that form the fibrotic tissue that leads to hepatic fibrosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can directly activate HSCs or induce inflammation or programmed cell death, especially pyroptosis, in hepatocytes, which in turn activates HSCs and fibroblasts to produce ECM proteins. Therefore, antioxidants and the nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 signaling pathway play critical roles in modulating the profibrogenic response. The master proinflammatory factors nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome may coordinate to produce and activate profibrogenic molecules such as interleukins 1β and 18, which effectively activate HSCs, to produce large amounts of fibrotic proteins. Furthermore, the NLRP3 inflammasome activates pro-caspase 1, which is upregulated by NF-κB, to produce caspase 1, which induces pyroptosis via gasdermin and the activation of HSCs. ROS play central roles in the activation of the NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathways via IκB (an inhibitor of NF-κB) and thioredoxin-interacting protein, respectively, thereby linking the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis. Elucidating these molecular pathways may pave the way for the development of therapeutic tools to interfere with specific targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ramos-Tovar
- Postgraduate Studies and Research Section, School of Higher Education in Medicine-IPN, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Apartado Postal 14-740, Mexico City 07000, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-57473303; Fax: +52-55-57473394
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13
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Baccharis trimera (carqueja) promotes gastroprotection on ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcer. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00466-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Chaves PFP, Adami ER, Acco A, Iacomini M, Cordeiro LMC. Chemical characterization of polysaccharides from Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. infusion and its hepatoprotective effects. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109510. [PMID: 32846588 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Baccharis trimera is a native medicinal plant from South America popularly known as "carqueja". Its infusion is traditionally ingested for the treatment and prevention of hepatic disorders. Up to now, only the crude aqueous extract or hydroethanolic fractions, containing the secondary metabolites, have been studied and correlated with their biological action on the liver. Here we report that an inulin type fructan is present in the B. trimera infusion and contributes to the hepatoprotective effect of the species. In vitro, inulin at 300 μg/mL, was able to scavenger 97% of the DPPH radicals. In vivo experiments showed that it protected the liver against CCl4-induced injuries. The administration of inulin at low dose of 1 mg/kg significantly reduced the blood levels of ALT, AST and ALP, reduced the lipid peroxidation and increased the catalase activity and the levels of reduced glutathione in the liver of CCl4-treated mice. Moreover, the administration of inulin at 100 mg/kg increased GSH levels in the liver of Naïve mice. No signs of toxicity were observed. Thus, inulin present in B. trimera infusion protects the liver from the oxidative stress caused by CCl4 administration and can corroborate with the hepatoprotective effects presented by the species infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Felipe Pereira Chaves
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, CP 19.046, CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Eliana Rezende Adami
- Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Paraná, CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Paraná, CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcello Iacomini
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, CP 19.046, CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucimara Mach Côrtes Cordeiro
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, CP 19.046, CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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15
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Ramos-Tovar E, Muriel P. Free radicals, antioxidants, nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 and liver damage. J Appl Toxicol 2019; 40:151-168. [PMID: 31389060 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative/nitrosative stress is proposed to be a critical factor in various diseases, including liver pathologies. Antioxidants derived from medicinal plants have been studied extensively and are relevant to many illnesses, including liver diseases. Several hepatic disorders, such as viral hepatitis and alcoholic or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, involve free radicals/oxidative stress as agents that cause or at least exacerbate liver injury, which can result in chronic liver diseases, such as liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. In this scenario, nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) appears to be an essential factor to counteract or attenuate oxidative or nitrosative stress in hepatic cells. In fact, a growing body of evidence indicates that Nrf2 plays complex and multicellular roles in hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, hepatocarcinogenesis and regeneration via the induction of its target genes. Inflammation is the most common feature of chronic liver diseases, triggering fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Increasing evidence indicates that Nrf2 counteracts the proinflammatory process by modulating the recruitment of inflammatory cells and inducing the endogenous antioxidant response of the cell. In this review, the interactions between antioxidant and inflammatory molecular pathways are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ramos-Tovar
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
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16
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Habibi E, Arab-Nozari M, Elahi P, Ghasemi M, Shaki F. Modulatory effects of Viola odorata flower and leaf extracts upon oxidative stress-related damage in an experimental model of ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:521-527. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol is the most widely abused drug in the world and its long-term use induces oxidative stress in the liver tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate protective effect of Viola odorata against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rat. Animals were divided into 9 groups as follows: control (normal saline), ethanol (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), ethanol with 3 doses (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) of ethyl acetate flower and leaf extracts, and positive control (vitamin E 80 mg/kg). Animals were gavaged 30 min before ethanol injection for 28 days. Then, animals were killed and the livers were separated. Oxidative stress parameters, including reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonyl as well as glutathione content, were evaluated. Also, histopathological examination was performed and assessment of blood alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Ethanol significantly increased oxidative stress markers in liver. Interestingly, administration of both extracts significantly decreased oxidative stress markers in liver tissue and biochemical parameters in the plasma. In addition, abnormal pathological features were improved after treatment with flower and leaf extracts. These results suggested that V. odorata can be considered a candidate for improving conditions due to ethanol-induced tissue oxidative damage because of its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emran Habibi
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Milad Arab-Nozari
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Pedram Elahi
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasemi
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shaki
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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17
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Antioxidant, Gastroprotective, Cytotoxic Activities and UHPLC PDA-Q Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry Identification of Metabolites in Baccharis grisebachii Decoction. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061085. [PMID: 30893865 PMCID: PMC6472192 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The decoction of the local plant Baccharis grisebachii is used as a digestive, gastroprotective, external cicatrizing agent and antiseptic in Argentine. A lyophilized decoction (BLD) from the aerial parts of this plant was evaluated regarding its anti-ulcer, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and the bioactivities were supported by UHPLC-MS metabolome fingerprinting which revealed the presence of several small bioactive compounds. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by DPPH, TEAC, FRAP and lipoperoxidation inhibition in erythrocytes methods, and the antibacterial activity was evaluated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The BLD showed a moderate free radical scavenging activity in the DPPH (EC50 = 106 µg/mL) and lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes assays (67%, at 250 µg/mL). However, the BLD had the highest gastroprotective effect at a dose of 750 mg/kg with a ninety-three percent inhibition of damage through a mechanism that involve NO and prostaglandins using the ethanol-induced gastric damage in a standard rat model. On the other hand, BLD does not induce cytotoxic changes on human tumor and no-tumor cell lines at the concentrations assayed. Regarding the metabolomic analysis, thirty-one compounds were detected and 30 identified based on UHPLC-OT-MS including twelve flavonoids, eleven cinnamic acid derivatives, one coumarin, one stilbene and two other different phenolic compounds. The results support that the medicinal decoction of Baccharis grisebachii is a valuable natural product with gastroprotective effects and with potential to improve human health that opens a pathway for the development of important phytomedicine products.
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18
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Silveira Rabelo AC, Caldeira Costa D. A review of biological and pharmacological activities of Baccharis trimera. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 296:65-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Zhao N, Guo FF, Xie KQ, Zeng T. Targeting Nrf-2 is a promising intervention approach for the prevention of ethanol-induced liver disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:3143-3157. [PMID: 29947925 PMCID: PMC11105722 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) remains to be a worldwide health problem. It is generally accepted that oxidative stress plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of ALD, and antioxidant therapy represents a logical strategy for the prevention and treatment of ALD. Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NFE2L2 or Nrf-2) is essential for the antioxidant responsive element (ARE)-mediated induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and glutamate-cysteine ligase [GCL, the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of glutathione (GSH)]. Activation of Nrf-2 pathway by genetic manipulation or pharmacological agents has been demonstrated to provide protection against ALD, which suggests that targeting Nrf-2 may be a promising approach for the prevention and treatment of ALD. Herein, we review the relevant literature about the potential hepatoprotective roles of Nrf-2 activation against ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fang-Fang Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ke-Qin Xie
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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20
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Sun J, Fu J, Li L, Chen C, Wang H, Hou Y, Xu Y, Pi J. Nrf2 in alcoholic liver disease. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 357:62-69. [PMID: 30165058 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality of liver disorders and a major health issue globally. ALD refers to a spectrum of liver pathologies ranging from steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Various mechanisms, including oxidative stress, protein and DNA modification, inflammation and impaired lipid metabolism, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ALD. Further, reactive oxygen species (ROS) in particular, have been identified as a key component in the initiation and progression of ALD. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator of the intracellular adaptive antioxidant response to oxidative stress, and aids in the detoxification of a variety of toxicants. Given its cytoprotective role, Nrf2 has been extensively studied as a therapeutic target for ALD. Paradoxically, however, emerging evidence have revealed that Nrf2 may be implicated in the progression of ALD. In this review, we summarize the role of Nrf2 in the development of ALD and discuss the underlying mechanisms. Clearly, more comprehensive studies with proper animal and cell models and in human are needed to verify the potential therapeutic role of Nrf2 in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Jingqi Fu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China.
| | - Lu Li
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Chengjie Chen
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Yongyong Hou
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Group of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, PR China.
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