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Chen L, Li Y, Wang T, Yu Y. Sorption, Desorption and Mobility of Microencapsulated Chlorpyrifos in Two Typical Soils. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 81:265-271. [PMID: 34114054 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-021-00864-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The sorption, desorption, and mobility of microencapsulated chlorpyrifos (CPF-MC) in two typical soils, namely, silt loam and sandy, were investigated in this study. Sorption/desorption experiments were carried out by using the batch equilibration method. Results showed that the sorption isotherms of CPF-MC and emulsifiable concentrate of chlorpyrifos (CPF-EC) in silt loamy soil were similar. However, a considerable difference was observed in the sorption isotherms of two chlorpyrifos (CPF) formulations in sandy soil. The amounts of CPF desorbed from two soils in four desorption steps decreased sequentially in CPF-EC treatments, while the desorbed amounts remained stable in CPF-MC treatments. Hence, the sorption/desorption processes of CPF-EC were mainly controlled by soil affinity to CPF. However, these processes of CPF-MC were affected by the release rate of CPF from capsules. The mobility of two CPF formulations in soil was estimated in vertical columns packed with soils. Results showed that there was leaching of CPF-EC in silt loam column, whereas CPF-MC was not vertically mobile in silt loam column under the same leaching conditions. However, in column with sandy soil, the percentage of CPF-MC leaching from the column was 86.54%, which was higher than the 73.75% that leached from the column in the treatment with CPF-EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liezhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Yanli Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats To the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yunlong Yu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
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Huang Y, Zhang W, Pang S, Chen J, Bhatt P, Mishra S, Chen S. Insights into the microbial degradation and catalytic mechanisms of chlorpyrifos. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 194:110660. [PMID: 33387540 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos is extensively used worldwide as an insecticide to control various insect pests. Long-term and irregular applications of chlorpyrifos have resulted in large-scale soil, groundwater, sediment, and air pollution. Numerous studies have shown that chlorpyrifos and its major intermediate metabolite 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol (TCP) accumulate in non-target organisms through biomagnification and have a strong toxic effect on non-target organisms, including human beings. Bioremediation based on microbial metabolism is considered an eco-friendly and efficient strategy to remove chlorpyrifos residues. To date, a variety of bacterial and fungal species have been isolated and characterized for the biodegradation of chlorpyrifos and TCP. The metabolites and degradation pathways of chlorpyrifos have been investigated. In addition, the chlorpyrifos-degrading enzymes and functional genes in microbes have been reported. Hydrolases can catalyze the first step in ester-bond hydrolysis, and this initial regulatory metabolic reaction plays a key role in the degradation of chlorpyrifos. Previous studies have shown that the active site of hydrolase contains serine residues, which can initiate a catalytic reaction by nucleophilic attack on the P-atom of chlorpyrifos. However, few reviews have focused on the microbial degradation and catalytic mechanisms of chlorpyrifos. Therefore, this review discusses the deep understanding of chlorpyrifos degradation mechanisms with microbial strains, metabolic pathways, catalytic mechanisms, and their genetic basis in bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shimei Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Junmin Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Sandhya Mishra
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Zhang DX, Zhang XP, Luo J, Li BX, Wei Y, Liu F. Causation Analysis and Improvement Strategy for Reduced Pendimethalin Herbicidal Activity in the Field after Encapsulation in Polyurea. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:706-716. [PMID: 31457926 PMCID: PMC6641479 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the amount of organic solvents in pendimethalin emulsifiable concentrate (EC), small-size microcapsules (S-MCs) and large-size microcapsules (L-MCs) were prepared with polyurea as a wall material. Petri-dish bioassays were carried out to investigate the bioactivity of formulations and the influence of both organic matter and moisture. The relationships between degradation and the biological activity of three pendimethalin formulations in the soil were investigated, and field experiments were executed to verify the laboratory results. The laboratory tests showed the following: (1) the bioactivity of EC and S-MCs was similar and greater than that of L-MCs; (2) organic matter could reduce the bioactivity of MCs and EC, and the impact of organic matter on L-MCs was greater; (3) increased soil moisture content had no significant effect on the bioactivity of EC but slightly reduced that of the MCs; and (4) the L-MCs showed significantly more prolonged residual and effective persistence in the soil than did EC and S-MCs. However, the field experiments indicated that the herbicidal efficacies of L-MCs at the early and late stages were both lower than those of EC. Comprehensive analysis of the results indicated that the main reason that the herbicidal efficacy of L-MCs was lower than that of EC in the field was that L-MCs missed the optimal herbicidal periods due to the slow-release characteristics of L-MCs. The S-MCs had both similar release rates and herbicidal efficacy in the field as EC. Therefore, to develop a good pesticide formulation, the occurrence and damage characteristic of pests must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-xia Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant
Protection, and Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Xian-peng Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant
Protection, and Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Jian Luo
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant
Protection, and Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Bei-xing Li
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant
Protection, and Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wei
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant
Protection, and Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant
Protection, and Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
- E-mail:
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Li YH, Zhou BL, Qian MR, Wang Q, Zhang H. Transfer and Metabolism of Triadimefon Residues from Rape Flowers to Apicultural Products. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2017; 2017:7697345. [PMID: 29057141 PMCID: PMC5606048 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7697345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a study on the transfer and metabolism of triadimefon residues from rape flowers to apicultural products. In the field trials, honeybee colonies were placed in four rape greenhouses treated with triadimefon on standard dosage. Apicultural products (pollen, honey, and royal jelly) were collected on a regular basis. Sample preparation and extraction procedure were established. HPLC/ESI-MS/MS method was validated. The respective residues of triadimefon and metabolite triadimenol were 0.03 ± 0.002 mg/kg and 0.13 ± 0.02 mg/kg in pollen on the 18th day, and both had reached the limits of detection in honey on the 24th day, while they were 0.004 ± 0.0005 mg/kg and 0.010 ± 0.0002 mg/kg in royal jelly on the 22nd day. Mathematical curve fitting studies were further investigated. On the basis of recommended dosage, the degradation half-lives of triadimefon in pollen, honey, and royal jelly were about 0.7, 12.5, and 19.5 days, respectively. Transfer of triadimefon residues from rape flowers to apicultural products diminished over spraying time. The residues of triadimefon and metabolite triadimenol in pollen were about 10 times higher than those in honey and jelly. Time to attain the maximum permissible limit of pollen in the European Union was 14.9 days, predicted from the index function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hong Li
- Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Bei-Lei Zhou
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Ming-Rong Qian
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Moretto JAS, Altarugio LM, Andrade PA, Fachin AL, Andreote FD, Stehling EG. Changes in bacterial community after application of three different herbicides. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2017; 364:3861255. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Li YH, Zhou BL, Qian MR, Wang Q, Zhang H. Transfer Assessment of Carbendazim Residues from Rape Flowers to Apicultural Products. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2017; 2017:6075405. [PMID: 28246574 PMCID: PMC5299185 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6075405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Carbendazim is usually used to control the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rapes during the flowering period. This paper presents a study on transfer assessment of carbendazim residues from rape flowers to apicultural products. In the field trials, the rapes were sprayed with carbendazim on standard dosage. Bees produced apicultural products (bee pollen, honey, and royal jelly) from sprayed rapes. Apicultural products were collected on a regular basis. Carbendazim residues were extracted from bee pollen, honey, and royal jelly, respectively. HPLC/ESI-MS/MS method was developed and partially validated to identify and quantify carbendazim residues. The limits of quantification in pollen, honey, and royal jelly were 0.01 mg/kg. Mathematical curve fitting was carried out on the basis of transfer assessment of carbendazim residues from rape flowers to apicultural products. The respective carbendazim residues were 1.10 ± 0.03 mg/kg in pollen on 18th day, 0.032 ± 0.001 mg/kg in honey on 24th day, and 0.077 ± 0.002 mg/kg in royal jelly on 22nd day. Transfer assessment and mathematical curve fitting of carbendazim residues from rape flowers to apicultural products show carbendazim diminished over spraying time. The gap of carbendazim residues between pollen and honey is decreased with time. The carbendazim residues in pollen are 10 times higher than that of honey and jelly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hong Li
- Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Bei-Lei Zhou
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Ming-Rong Qian
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Identification of multi-insecticide residues using GC-NPD and the degradation kinetics of chlorpyrifos in sweet corn and soils. Food Chem 2016; 212:420-6. [PMID: 27374551 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Because more than one insecticide is applied to crops to protect plants from pests, an analytical multi-residue determination method was developed using gas chromatography with a nitrogen phosphorus detector (GC-NPD). The retention time for 12 insecticides was 3.7-27.7min. Under the selected conditions, the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) and in the range of 0.00315-0.05μgmL(-1) and 0.01-0.165μgmL(-1), respectively. Using GC-NPD, we investigated the dissipation dynamics and final residual levels of chlorpyrifos in sweet corn and soil and determined that the half-lives was 4-7days, that is, that chlorpyrifos is safe to use on sweet corn with a pre-harvest interval of 16-22days before harvest. These results provide new insights into chlorpyrifos degradation in plants and its environmental behavior.
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Zhang DX, Li BX, Zhang XP, Zhang ZQ, Wang WC, Liu F. Phoxim Microcapsules Prepared with Polyurea and Urea-Formaldehyde Resins Differ in Photostability and Insecticidal Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:2841-6. [PMID: 27010712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The application of pesticide microcapsules (MCs) in agriculture is becoming more and more popular. In this study, the effects of different wall materials on the stomach toxicity, contact toxicity, length of efficacy, and photolysis characteristics of pesticide microcapsules were investigated. The results showed that microencapsulation reduced the stomach and contact toxicities of phoxim and prolonged the efficacy of this light-sensitive chemical in the greenhouse test. Neither of the degradation curves for microencapsulated phoxim under ultraviolet light fit a first-order model, although the emulsifiable concentrate (EC) degradation curve fit it well. The phoxim-loaded polyurea microcapsules (PUA-MCs) showed significantly increased UV-resistance ability, stomach toxicity, and contact toxicity compared with the phoxim-loaded urea-formaldehyde microcapsules (UF-MCs). These experiments indicated that it is crucial to select the appropriate wall materials for pesticide microcapsules on the basis of application sites and physicochemical properties of pesticide active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-xia Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei-xing Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-peng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-qun Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-chang Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; ‡Research Center of Pesticide Environmental Toxicology; #Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique; and ⊥College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University , Tai'an, Shandong 271018, People's Republic of China
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Liu Y, Mo R, Tang F, Fu Y, Guo Y. Influence of different formulations on chlorpyrifos behavior and risk assessment in bamboo forest of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:20245-20254. [PMID: 26308925 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of two formulations (emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and granule (G)) on the distribution, degradation, sorption, and residue risk of chlorpyrifos (CHP) were investigated in two producing areas of bamboo shoot. The results showed that CHP was mainly distributed in the topsoil (0-5 cm, P < 0.05), with the proportion of CHP in the total quantity ranging from 76.0 to 100.0 % (G) and 12.0 to 98.1 % (EC), respectively. The degradation of CHP-EC in soils (half-life 27.7-36.4 days) was faster than that of CHP-G in soils (half life above 120-150 days). The main metabolite of CHP, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP), was found in soil samples. CHP showed good sorption ability in the two tested soils, with the sorption coefficient (KF) of 43.76 and 94.43 mg/kg. The terminal residues of CHP in bamboo shoots were in the range of 15.2-75.6 (G) and 10.4-35.7 μg/kg (EC), respectively. The soil type had a notable effect on the CHP behaviors in soil (P < 0.05, especially for CHP-G), but it did not affect the metabolite of CHP. Although some positive bamboo shoot samples (CHP residue exceeding maximum residue limits) were found, the hazard quotients did not exceed 7 %, which meant there was a negligible risk associated with the exposure to CHP via the consumption of bamboo shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Liu
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, 311400, China
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Runhong Mo
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, 311400, China
| | - Fubin Tang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, 311400, China
| | - Yan Fu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Yirong Guo
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
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Dai Y, Li N, Zhao Q, Xie S. Bioremediation using Novosphingobium strain DY4 for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid-contaminated soil and impact on microbial community structure. Biodegradation 2015; 26:161-70. [PMID: 25743701 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-015-9724-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is commonly used for weed control. The ubiquity of 2,4-D has gained increasing environmental concerns. Biodegradation is an attractive way to clean up 2,4-D in contaminated soil. However, information on the bioaugmentation trial for remediating contaminated soil is still very limited. The impact of bioaugmentation using 2,4-D-degraders on soil microbial community remains unknown. The present study investigated the bioremediation potential of a novel degrader (strain DY4) for heavily 2,4-D-polluted soil and its bioaugmentation impact on microbial community structure. The strain DY4 was classified as a Novosphingobium species within class Alphaproteobacteria and harbored 2,4-D-degrading TfdAα gene. More than 50 and 95 % of the herbicide could be dissipated in bioaugmented soil (amended with 200 mg/kg 2,4-D) respectively in 3-4 and 5-7 days after inoculation of Novosphingobium strain DY4. A significant growth of the strain DY4 was observed in bioaugmented soil with the biodegradation of 2,4-D. Moreover, herbicide application significantly altered soil bacterial community structure but bioaumentation using the strain DY4 showed a relatively weak impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dai
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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