1
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Pérez-Ramírez E, Torres IK, Martínez-Ortiz MJ, Rivera JL, Felipe C, Guzmán A, Ibarra IA, Lima E. Coloured hybrid materials: exploiting an emergent surface property of fluorinated Al 2O 3 containing anthocyanins and betacyanins. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12373-12383. [PMID: 35904864 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01294d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two fluorinated γ-Al2O3 series were synthesized by a sol-gel method with two solvents (2-propanol and 2-butanol), two aluminium sources (ATB and ATP) and one fluorine source (Na3AlF6). The resulting inorganic matrixes were evaluated to characterize aluminium and fluorine species ([AlO45-], [AlO57-], [AlO69-], [AlF4-], [AlF52-] and [AlF63-]) by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), 27Al magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (27Al MAS-NMR) and infrared spectroscopy (IR-ATR). BET and BJH analyses using the nitrogen isotherms of these materials allowed identifying a clear trend in some textural parameters such as specific surface area and fluorine content. These results were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical affinity and acid surface properties were evidenced with colour shifts in two groups of hybrid pigments, prepared with natural anthocyanins (Brassica oleracea) and betacyanins (Bougainvillea glabra).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Pérez-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Del., Coyoacán CP, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Ivan Kaleb Torres
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Del., Coyoacán CP, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Ma Jesús Martínez-Ortiz
- ESIQIE - Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida IPN UPALM Edificio 7, Zacatenco, 07738 México D.F., Mexico
| | - José L Rivera
- Graduate School of Physics Engineering, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Carlos Felipe
- Department of Biosciences and Engineering, CIIEMAD-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad da México, 07340, Mexico
| | - Ariel Guzmán
- ESIQIE - Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida IPN UPALM Edificio 7, Zacatenco, 07738 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Ilich A Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Del., Coyoacán CP, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Enrique Lima
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Del., Coyoacán CP, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
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2
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Ren C, Zhou M, Liu Z, Liang L, Li X, Lu X, Wang H, Ji J, Peng L, Hou G, Li W. Enhanced Fluoride Uptake by Layered Double Hydroxides under Alkaline Conditions: Solid-State NMR Evidence of the Role of Surface >MgOH Sites. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:15082-15089. [PMID: 34723496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are potential low-cost filter materials for use in fluoride removal from drinking water, but molecular-scale defluoridation mechanisms are lacking. In this research, we employed 19F solid-state NMR spectroscopy to identify fluoride sorption products on 2:1 MgAl LDH and to reveal the relationship between fluoride sorption and the LDH structure. A set of six 19F NMR peaks centered at -140, -148, -156, -163, -176, and -183 ppm was resolved. Combining quantum chemical calculations based on density function theory (DFT) and 19F{27Al} transfer of populations in double resonance (TRAPDOR) analysis, we could assign the peaks at -140, -148, -156, and -163 ppm to Al-F (F coordinated to surface Al) and those at -176 and -183 ppm to Mg-F (F coordinated to surface Mg only). Interestingly, the spectroscopic data reveal that the formation of Al-F is the predominant mode of F- sorption at low pH, whereas the formation of Mg-F is predominant at high pH (or a higher Mg/Al ratio). This finding supports the fact that the F- uptake of 2:1 MgAl LDH was nearly six times that of activated alumina at pH 9. Overall, we explicitly revealed the different roles of the surface >MgOH and >AlOH sites of LDHs in defluoridation, which explained why the use of classic activated alumina for defluoridation is limited at high pH. The findings from this research may also provide new insights into material screening for potential filters for F- removal under alkaline conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengzi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhengmao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023 Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lixin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023 Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaozhan Li
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiancai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junfeng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Luming Peng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guangjin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023 Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
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3
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Menkin S, O’Keefe CA, Gunnarsdóttir AB, Dey S, Pesci FM, Shen Z, Aguadero A, Grey CP. Toward an Understanding of SEI Formation and Lithium Plating on Copper in Anode-Free Batteries. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:16719-16732. [PMID: 34476038 PMCID: PMC8392351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c03877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
"Anode-free" batteries present a significant advantage due to their substantially higher energy density and ease of assembly in a dry air atmosphere. However, issues involving lithium dendrite growth and low cycling Coulombic efficiencies during operation remain to be solved. Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation on Cu and its effect on Li plating are studied here to understand the interplay between the Cu current collector surface chemistry and plated Li morphology. A native interphase layer (N-SEI) on the Cu current collector was observed with solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (ssNMR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) studies showed that the nature of the N-SEI is affected by the copper interface composition. An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study identified a relationship between the applied voltage and SEI composition. In addition to the typical SEI components, the SEI contains copper oxides (Cu x O) and their reduction reaction products. Parasitic electrochemical reactions were observed via in situ NMR measurements of Li plating efficiency. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies revealed a correlation between the morphology of the plated Li and the SEI homogeneity, current density, and rest time in the electrolyte before plating. Via ToF-SIMS, we found that the preferential plating of Li on Cu is governed by the distribution of ionically conducting rather than electronic conducting compounds. The results together suggest strategies for mitigating dendrite formation by current collector pretreatment and controlled SEI formation during the first battery charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Menkin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Christopher A. O’Keefe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Anna B. Gunnarsdóttir
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Sunita Dey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Federico M. Pesci
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Royal
School of Mines, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Zonghao Shen
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Royal
School of Mines, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Ainara Aguadero
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, Royal
School of Mines, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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4
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Wolf EH, Millet MM, Seitz F, Redeker FA, Riedel W, Scholz G, Hetaba W, Teschner D, Wrabetz S, Girgsdies F, Klyushin A, Risse T, Riedel S, Frei E. F-doping of nanostructured ZnO: a way to modify structural, electronic, and surface properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:11273-11285. [PMID: 32309844 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00545b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polycrystalline ZnO is a material often used in heterogeneous catalysis. Its properties can be altered by the addition of dopants. We used gaseous fluorine (F2(g)) as direct way to incorporate fluoride in ZnO as anionic dopants. Here, the consequences of this treatment on the structural and electronic properties, as well as on the acidic/basic sites of the surface, are investigated. It is shown that the amount of F incorporation into the structure can be controlled by the synthesis parameters (t, T, p). While the surface of ZnO was altered as shown by, e.g., IR spectroscopy, XPS, and STEM/EDX measurements, the F2 treatment also influenced the electronic properties (optical band gap, conductivity) of ZnO. Furthermore, the Lewis acidity/basicity of the surface was affected which is evidenced by using, e.g., different probe molecules (CO2, NH3). In situ investigations of the fluorination process offer valuable insights on the fluorination process itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Hannah Wolf
- Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck-Society, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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5
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Zänker S, Scholz G, Heise M, Emmerling F, Kemnitz E. New 2D layered structures with direct fluorine–metal bonds: MF(CH 3COO) (M: Sr, Ba, Pb). CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00287a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
New coordination polymers with 2D network structures with fluorine directly coordinated to the metal ion were prepared both via mechanochemical synthesis and fluorolytic sol–gel synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Zänker
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
- Department of Chemistry
- D-12489 Berlin
- Germany
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)
| | - G. Scholz
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
- Department of Chemistry
- D-12489 Berlin
- Germany
| | - M. Heise
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
- Department of Chemistry
- D-12489 Berlin
- Germany
| | - F. Emmerling
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
- Department of Chemistry
- D-12489 Berlin
- Germany
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)
| | - E. Kemnitz
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
- Department of Chemistry
- D-12489 Berlin
- Germany
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6
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Díaz M, Cruz AS, Flores J, Guzmán A, Lima E. Highly Basic and Dipolar Layered Double Hydroxides Enhance Catalysis of Cyanoethylation of Alcohols. Catal Letters 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-018-2448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Sol-Gel-Synthesis of Nanoscopic Complex Metal Fluorides. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7110362. [PMID: 29099086 PMCID: PMC5707579 DOI: 10.3390/nano7110362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis for binary metal fluorides (AlF3, CaF2, MgF2) has been extended to ternary and quaternary alkaline earth metal fluorides (CaAlF5, Ca2AlF7, LiMgAlF6). The formation and crystallization of nanoscopic ternary CaAlF5 and Ca2AlF7 sols in ethanol were studied by 19F liquid and solid state NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy, as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The crystalline phases of the annealed CaAlF5, Ca2AlF7, and LiMgAlF6 xerogels between 500 and 700 °C could be determined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and 19F solid state NMR spectroscopy. The thermal behavior of un-annealed nanoscopic ternary and quaternary metal fluoride xerogels was ascertained by thermal analysis (TG/DTA). The obtained crystalline phases of CaAlF5 and Ca2AlF7 derived from non-aqueous sol-gel process were compared to crystalline phases from the literature. The corresponding nanoscopic complex metal fluoride could provide a new approach in ceramic and luminescence applications.
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8
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Kemnitz E, Noack J. The non-aqueous fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis of nanoscaled metal fluorides. Dalton Trans 2016; 44:19411-31. [PMID: 25952312 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00914f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review article focuses on the mechanism of the non-aqueous fluorolytic sol gel-synthesis of nanoscopic metal fluorides and hydroxide fluorides. Based on MAS-NMR, XRD, WAXS and SAXS investigations in combination with computational calculations, it is shown that a stepwise replacement of alkoxide by F-ions takes place resulting in the formation of a large variety of metal alkoxide fluoride clusters, some of them being isolated and structurally characterised. It is shown that these nanoscopic metal fluorides obtained via this new synthesis approach exhibit distinctly different properties compared with their classically prepared homologues. Thus, extremely strong solid Lewis acids are available which give access to new catalytic reactions with sometimes unexpectedly high conversion degrees and selectivity. Even more interestingly, metal hydroxide fluorides can be obtained via this synthesis route that are not accessible via any other approach for which the hydroxide to fluoride ratios can be adjusted over a wide range. Optically fully transparent sols obtained in this way can be used for the first time to manufacture antireflective coatings, corundum ceramics with drastically improved properties as well as novel metal fluoride based organic-inorganic composites. The properties of these new fluoride based materials are presented and discussed in context with the above mentioned new fields of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhard Kemnitz
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Chemistry Department, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, D12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Johannes Noack
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Chemistry Department, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, D12489 Berlin, Germany.
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9
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F−/OH− substitution in [H4tren]4+ and [H3tren]3+ hydroxyfluorotitanates(IV) and classification of tren cation configurations. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Agirrezabal-Telleria I, Guo Y, Hemmann F, Arias PL, Kemnitz E. Dehydration of xylose and glucose to furan derivatives using bifunctional partially hydroxylated MgF2 catalysts and N2-stripping. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy00129j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The current furfural production yield is low due to the use of non-selective homogeneous catalysts and expensive separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Agirrezabal-Telleria
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Engineering School of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Bilbao, Spain
| | - Y. Guo
- Institut für Chemie
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
- Berlin, Germany
| | - F. Hemmann
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- Berlin, Germany
| | - P. L. Arias
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Engineering School of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Bilbao, Spain
| | - E. Kemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
- Berlin, Germany
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11
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Schmidt L, Emmerling F, Kirmse H, Kemnitz E. Sol–gel synthesis and characterisation of nanoscopic strontium fluoride. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43769h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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12
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Agirrezabal-Telleria I, Hemmann F, Jäger C, Arias P, Kemnitz E. Functionalized partially hydroxylated MgF2 as catalysts for the dehydration of d-xylose to furfural. J Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Scholz G, Meyer K, Düvel A, Heitjans P, Kemnitz E. Fast Ion Conducting Nanocrystalline Alkaline Earth Fluorides Simply Prepared by Mixing or Manual Shaking. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Scholz G, Heidemann D, Kemnitz E. Local Structure of Nanoscopic Magnesium Hydroxide Fluorides Studied by Natural Abundance25Mg Solid State NMR Spectroscopy. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201200554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Lima E, Martínez-Ortiz MDJ, Reyes RIG, Vera M. Fluorinated Hydrotalcites: The Addition of Highly Electronegative Species in Layered Double Hydroxides To Tune Basicity. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:7774-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ic300799e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Lima
- Instituto de Investigaciones
en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Cd. Universitaria,
Del. Coyoacán, CP 04510, México D. F., Mexico
| | | | | | - Marco Vera
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.
186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340, México D.F., Mexico
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16
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Scholz G, Stosiek C, Feist M, Kemnitz E. Magnesium Hydroxide Fluorides – New Materials with Adjustable Composition and Properties. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun Scholz
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, Fax: +49‐30‐2093‐7277
| | - Christoph Stosiek
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, Fax: +49‐30‐2093‐7277
| | - Michael Feist
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, Fax: +49‐30‐2093‐7277
| | - Erhard Kemnitz
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Brook‐Taylor‐Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, Fax: +49‐30‐2093‐7277
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17
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Karg M, Scholz G, König R, Kemnitz E. Mechanistic insight into formation and changes of nanoparticles in MgF2 sols evidenced by liquid and solid state NMR. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:2360-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt11762b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Noack J, Scheurell K, Kemnitz E, Garcia-Juan P, Rau H, Lacroix M, Eicher J, Lintner B, Sontheimer T, Hofmann T, Hegmann J, Jahn R, Löbmann P. MgF2 antireflective coatings by sol–gel processing: film preparation and thermal densification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33324d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Noack J, Schmidt L, Gläsel HJ, Bauer M, Kemnitz E. Inorganic-organic nanocomposites based on sol-gel derived magnesium fluoride. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:4774-4779. [PMID: 21989714 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr10843c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Monodispersed magnesium fluoride nanoparticles are utilized for the first time to prepare transparent inorganic-organic nanocomposite materials with improved mechanical properties. The fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis route has been modified for the preparation of monodispersed magnesium fluoride nanoparticles with a size of 2-3 nm. MgF(2) particles are effectively stabilised against agglomeration by phosphonic acids, which strongly bind to the particles and lead to an increased compatibility of the inorganic particles with the organic polymers. This way, highly transparent nanocomposite materials with up to 20 wt% magnesium fluoride in different acrylates are obtained, featuring high dispersion of MgF(2) particles in the polymer matrix and an increased hardness by the factor of 2. The nature of interaction between phosphonic acids and magnesium fluoride is thoroughly investigated by IR and NMR showing a monodentate coordination of phosphonates to the particle's surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Noack
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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20
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Noack J, Emmerling F, Kirmse H, Kemnitz E. Sols of nanosized magnesium fluoride: formation and stabilisation of nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11943e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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