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Singh NK, Sanghvi G, Yadav M, Padhiyar H, Christian J, Singh V. Fate of pesticides in agricultural runoff treatment systems: Occurrence, impacts and technological progress. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117100. [PMID: 37689336 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The levels of pesticides in air, water, and soil are gradually increasing due to its inappropriate management. In particular, agricultural runoff inflicts the damages on the ecosystem and human health at massive scale. Present study summarizes 70 studies in which investigations on removal or treatment of pesticides/insecticides/herbicides are reported. A bibliometric analysis was also done to understand the recent research trends through the analysis of 2218 publications. The specific objectives of this study are as follows: i) to inventorize the characteristics details of agriculture runoff and analyzing the occurrence and impacts of pesticides, ii) analyzing the role and interaction of pesticides in different environmental segments, iii) investigating the fate of pesticides in agriculture runoff treatment systems, iv) summarizing the experiences and findings of most commonly technology deployed for pesticides remediation in agriculture runoff including target pesticide(s), specifications, configuration of technological intervention. Among the reported technologies for pesticide treatment in agriculture runoff, constructed wetland was at the top followed by algal or photobioreactor. Among various advanced oxidation processes, photo Fenton method is mainly used for pesticides remediation such as triazine, methyl parathion, fenuron and diuron. Algal bioreactors are extensively used for a wide range of pesticides treatment including 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, alachlor, diuron, chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, and imidacloprid; especially at lower hydraulic retention time of 2-6 h. This study highlights that hybrid approaches can offers potential opportunities for effective removal of pesticides in a more viable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Marwadi University, Rajkot, 360003, Gujarat, India.
| | - Gaurav Sanghvi
- Department of Microbiology, Marwadi University, Rajkot, 360003, Gujarat, India
| | - Manish Yadav
- Central Mine Planning Design and Institute, Bhubaneswar, 751013, Odisha, India
| | | | - Johnson Christian
- Environmental Audit Cell, Dr. R. D. Gardi Education Campus Rajkot, 360110, Gujarat India
| | - Vijai Singh
- Department of Biosciences, School of School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana, 382715, Gujarat, India
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Thermodynamic, Nonlinear Kinetic, and Isotherm Studies of Bisphenol A Uptake onto Chemically Activated Carbons Derived from Safou (Dacryodes edulis) Seeds. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7717148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest of this work is to evaluate the possibility of using safou seeds to develop a new low-cost adsorbent and study its application to remove bisphenol A from an aqueous solution for a sustainable and ecological use of this biomass. This was done by optimizing some parameters that influence the adsorption process. The central composite design with four centre points was used to optimize the process variables. The concentration of bisphenol A solution, adsorbent dosage, stirring time, and solution pH on the adsorption capacity were considered, while the response measured was the quantity adsorbed. The activated carbon obtained by treatment with H2SO4 was named NSST and that obtained by treatment with H3PO4 was named NSPT. XRD revealed an amorphous character for the ACs, and EDXS showed they are mainly carbonaceous. Under the optimal adsorption conditions, NSPT showed the best performance. Correlation coefficients R2 and R2adj were of 85.13 and 69.12% for NSPT and 83.71 and 66.17% for NSST. A pseudo-second-order nonlinear kinetic model best described the adsorption kinetic of BPA removal by the ACs. Langmuir’s isotherm best described the adsorption of BPA onto both adsorbents. Thermodynamic studies suggested an exothermic and physisorption process.
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van Veenhuyzen B, Tichapondwa S, Hörstmann C, Chirwa E, Brink HG. High capacity Pb(II) adsorption characteristics onto raw- and chemically activated waste activated sludge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125943. [PMID: 34492870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Pb(II) adsorption characteristics of chemically activated waste activated sewage sludge (WAS) were compared to raw WAS. Adsorption kinetics and equilibrium isotherm parameters were fit using classic adsorption models. HCl and H2SO4 activation terminated any significant sludge-based adsorption. Raw and ZnCl2 activated WAS displayed Langmuir adsorption capacities of 307 mg/g and 274 mg/g, respectively. Surface characterization revealed that chemical activation with ZnCl2 increased the BET surface area for raw WAS from 0.97 m2/g to 1.78 m2/g, but did not significantly change the surface structure. FTIR analyzes and XPS were used to further investigate the nature of lead binding. The relationships between equilibrium ion concentration and Pb(II) adsorption suggest cationic exchange with hydrogen, calcium, and zinc as a significant mechanism of Pb(II) removal alongside electrostatic attraction. The pHPZC was determined as 2.58 and 2.30 for ZnCl2 activated WAS and raw WAS respectively. HNO3 and Ca(NO3)2 demonstrated sufficient elution properties for WAS recovery. For authentic industrial effluent both raw and ZnCl2 activated WAS displayed Pb(II) removal behavior comparable to simulated Pb(II) solutions. In comparison with modified and unmodified sludges from literature, this study demonstrates the auspicious potential of raw WAS as an effective Pb(II) adsorbent independent of pyrolytic or chemical activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B van Veenhuyzen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - S Tichapondwa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - C Hörstmann
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - E Chirwa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - H G Brink
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa.
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Daffalla SB, Mukhtar H, Shaharun MS. Preparation and characterization of rice husk adsorbents for phenol removal from aqueous systems. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243540. [PMID: 33275643 PMCID: PMC7717560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice husk is a base adsorbent for pollutant removal. It is a cost-effective material and a renewable resource. This study provides the physicochemical characterization of chemically and thermally treated rice husk adsorbents for phenol removal from aqueous solutions. We revealed new functional groups on rice husk adsorbents by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and observed major changes in the pore structure (from macro-mesopores to micro-mesopores) of the developed rice husk adsorbents using scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, we studied their surface area and pore size distribution, and found a greater enhancement of the morphological structure of the thermally treated rice husk compared with that chemically treated. Thermally treated adsorbents presented a higher surface area (24–201 m2.g-1) than those chemically treated (3.2 m2.g-1). The thermal and chemical modifications of rice husk resulted in phenol removal efficiencies of 36%–64% and 28%, respectively. Thus, we recommend using thermally treated rice husk as a promising adsorbent for phenol removal from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Babiker Daffalla
- Department of Environment and Agricultural Natural Resources, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Hilmi Mukhtar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Malaysia
| | - Maizatul Shima Shaharun
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Malaysia
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Babanezhad M, Behroyan I, Nakhjiri AT, Marjani A, Rezakazemi M, Shirazian S. High-performance hybrid modeling chemical reactors using differential evolution based fuzzy inference system. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21304. [PMID: 33277606 PMCID: PMC7718251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78277-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bubbly flow behavior simulation in two-phase chemical reactors such bubble column type reactors is widely employed for chemical industry purposes. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach has been employed by engineers and researchers for modeling these types of chemical reactors. In spite of the CFD robustness for simulating transport phenomena and chemical reactions in these reactors, this approach has been known as expensive for modeling such turbulent complex flows. Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm of the adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) are largely understood and utilized for the CFD approach optimization. In this hybrid approach, the CFD findings are learned by AI algorithms like ANFIS to save computational time and expenses. Once the pattern of the CFD results have been captured by the AI model, this hybrid model can be then used for process simulation and optimization. As such, there is no need for further simulations of new conditions. The objective of this paper is to obviate the need for expensive CFD computations for two-phase flows in chemical reactors via coupling CFD data to an AI algorithm, i.e., differential evolution based fuzzy inference system (DEFIS). To do so, air velocity as the output and the values of the x, and y coordinates, water velocity, and time step as the inputs are inputted the AI model for learning the flow pattern. The effects of cross over as the DE parameter and also the number of inputs on the best intelligence are investigated. Indeed, DEFIS correlates the air velocity to the nodes coordinates, time, and liquid velocity and then after the CFD modeling could be replaced with the simple correlation. For the first time, a comparison is made between the ANFIS and the DEFIS performances in terms of the prediction capability of the gas (air) velocity. The results released that both ANFIS and DEFIS could accurately predict the CFD pattern. The prediction times of both methods were obtained to be equal. However, the learning time of the DEFIS was fourfold of ANFIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meisam Babanezhad
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.,Faculty of Electrical-Electronic Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Iman Behroyan
- Faculty of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Taghvaie Nakhjiri
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Marjani
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. .,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Mashallah Rezakazemi
- Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Saeed Shirazian
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin prospekt, 454080, Chelyabinsk, Russia
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Viltres H, López YC, Gupta NK, Leyva C, Paz R, Gupta A, Sengupta A. Functional metal-organic frameworks for metal removal from aqueous solutions. SEPARATION & PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2020.1839909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Herlys Viltres
- Centro De Investigación En Ciencia Aplicada Y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Yeisy C. López
- Centro De Investigación En Ciencia Aplicada Y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
- Laboratorio De Bioninorgánica, Facultad De Química, Universidad De La Habana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Nishesh Kumar Gupta
- University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Land, Water, and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT), Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Carolina Leyva
- Centro De Investigación En Ciencia Aplicada Y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Roxana Paz
- Centro De Investigación En Ciencia Aplicada Y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Anjali Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India
| | - Arijit Sengupta
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Reshadi MAM, Bazargan A, McKay G. A review of the application of adsorbents for landfill leachate treatment: Focus on magnetic adsorption. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 731:138863. [PMID: 32446150 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate is a significant environmental threat due to the complexity and variety of its pollutants. There are various physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods proposed for leachate treatment. Adsorption with conventional adsorbents such as activated carbon is a process which has been widely employed with relative success. Magnetic adsorbents are a special type of adsorbents with favorable stability, high adsorption capacities, and excellent recycling and reuse capabilities when compared to conventional sorbents. Research regarding the synthesis and use of magnetic adsorbents has been growing at a rapid pace, exhibiting >8-fold increase in publications in the decade of 2010 to 2020. In the current study, both conventional and magnetic adsorbents for landfill leachate treatment have been comprehensively reviewed and discussed. The application of magnetic adsorbents for landfill leachate treatment is relatively new, with numerous avenues of research open to study. Although the production of magnetic adsorbents is significantly more expensive than conventional adsorbents, when taking into consideration all life cycle costs, they are much more competitive than it initially appears. If environmental impacts are of concern, research should shift towards the use of greener chemicals and processes for magnetic adsorbent synthesis, because preliminary analysis of the current synthesis processes shows a much higher environmental impact compared to conventional adsorbents, in particular in terms of global warming potential and energy use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Bazargan
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gordon McKay
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Qatar
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Tang KL, Ouyang Y, Agarwal RK, Chen JM, Xiang Y, Chen JF. Computation of gas-liquid flow in a square bubble column with Wray-Agarwal one-equation turbulence model. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Tariq FS, Samsuri AW, Karam DS, Aris AZ, Jamilu G. Bioavailability and mobility of arsenic, cadmium, and manganese in gold mine tailings amended with rice husk ash and Fe-coated rice husk ash. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:232. [PMID: 30900076 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7359-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of rice husk ash (RHA) and Fe-coated rice husk ash (Fe-RHA) on the bioavailability and mobility of As, Cd, and Mn in mine tailings. The amendments were added to the tailings at 0, 5, 10, or 20% (w/w) and the mixtures were incubated for 0, 7, 15, 30, 45, and 60 days. The CaCl2 extractable As, Cd, and Mn in the amended tailings were determined at each interval of incubation period. In addition, the tailings mixture was leached with simulated rain water (SRW) every week from 0 day (D 0) until day 60 (D 60). The results showed that both RHA and Fe-RHA application significantly decreased the CaCl2-extractable Cd and Mn but increased that of As in the tailings throughout the incubation period. Consequently, addition of both RHA and Fe-RHA leached out higher amount of As from the tailings but decreased Cd and Mn concentration compared to the controls. The amount of As leached from the Fe-RHA-amended tailings was less than that from RHA-amended tailings. Application of both RHA and Fe-RHA could be an effective way in decreasing the availability of cationic heavy metals (Cd and Mn) in the tailings but these amendments could result in increasing the availability of anionic metalloid (As). Therefore, selection of organic amendments to remediate metal-contaminated tailings must be done with great care because the outcomes might be different among the elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S Tariq
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Soil and Water, College of Agriculture, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.
| | - A W Samsuri
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - D S Karam
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A Z Aris
- Environmental Forensics Research Centre, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - G Jamilu
- Department of Agricultural Education, Zamfara State College of Education, 1002, Maru, Nigeria
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Su M, Fang Y, Li B, Yin W, Gu J, Liang H, Li P, Wu J. Enhanced hexavalent chromium removal by activated carbon modified with micro-sized goethite using a facile impregnation method. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:47-56. [PMID: 30077854 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, activated carbon (AC) was modified with micro-sized geothite (mFeOOH) using a facile and cost-effective impregnation method for enhanced Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solutions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed that FeOOH particles with a diameter of 0.1-1 μm were dispersed homogeneously on the surfaces and pores of the AC. Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) analysis indicated that Cr(VI) was easily adsorbed onto the mFeOOH and reduced to Cr(III) by the AC, eventually deposited as Cr(III)-Fe(III) hydroxides (e.g., (CrxFe1-x)(OH)3). Hence, the mFeOOH@AC achieved a significantly higher Cr(VI) removal efficiency of 90.4%, 4.5 times of that the AC. The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto the mFeOOH@AC agreed well with the Langmuir adsorption model, demonstrating that the adsorption process was controlled by monolayer adsorption. This adsorption process also followed the pseudo second-order kinetics and the adsorption rate constant K2 was determined to be 0.013 g/mg·min. The Cr(VI) removal efficiency decreased with pH values as the adsorption process was highly pH-dependent. After the desorption-adsorption process by 0.1 M HCl solution for 4 cycles, the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) was still kept up to 75.1%, indicating that the mFeOOH@AC has a good stability and can be easily regenerated. In addition, the mFeOOH@AC also exhibited a promising potential for reutilization since a Cr(VI) removal efficiency of 85.4% was achieved after stripping all the mFeOOH and Cr(III)-Fe(III) hydroxides by 1 M HCl solution and regeneration with mFeOOH. We demonstrate that the modified AC with micro-sized goethite can remarkably enhance its ability for Cr(VI) removal in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Su
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yili Fang
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Bing Li
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Weizhao Yin
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Jingjing Gu
- Water Purification Institute of Logistics Department of Guangzhou Military Region, Guangzhou 510500, PR China
| | - Hao Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Numerical Simulation of Gas-Liquid Flow in a Bubble Column by Intermittent Aeration in Newtonian Liquid/Non-Newtonian Liquid. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/5254087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic behaviors of gas-liquid two-phase flow were simulated in a lab-scale intermittent bubble column by Euler-Euler two-fluid model coupled with the PBM (population balance model) using two different liquid phases, i.e., Newtonian fluid (water)/non-Newtonian fluid (activated sludge). When non-Newtonian fluid was used during intermittent aeration, some interesting results were obtained. Two symmetric vortexes existed in the time-averaged flow field; the vertical time-averaged velocity of the liquid phase decreased with increasing anaerobic time; the average gas holdup distribution was like a trapezoid with long upper side and short lower side and affected by the dynamic viscosity of the liquid phase. Compared with non-Newtonian fluid, the use of Newtonian fluid as the liquid phase led to a more complicated time-averaged flow field structure and vertical time-averaged velocity distribution, higher average gas holdup, and the asymmetric column-shaped gas holdup distribution with increasing anaerobic time. For different liquid phases, the instantaneous flow field, instantaneous vertical velocity, and instantaneous gas holdup distribution all periodically changed with anaerobic time; however, different from Newtonian liquid phase, non-Newtonian liquid phase had no periodic oscillating instantaneous horizontal velocity.
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Danish M, Ahmad T, Majeed S, Ahmad M, Ziyang L, Pin Z, Shakeel Iqubal S. Use of banana trunk waste as activated carbon in scavenging methylene blue dye: Kinetic, thermodynamic, and isotherm studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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García JR, Sedran U, Zaini MAA, Zakaria ZA. Preparation, characterization, and dye removal study of activated carbon prepared from palm kernel shell. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:5076-5085. [PMID: 28391459 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8975-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Palm oil mill wastes (palm kernel shell (PKS)) were used to prepare activated carbons, which were tested in the removal of colorants from water. The adsorbents were prepared by 1-h impregnation of PKS with ZnCl2 as the activating agent (PKS:ZnCl2 mass ratios of 1:1 and 2:1), followed by carbonization in autogenous atmosphere at 500 and 550 °C during 1 h. The characterization of the activated carbons included textural properties (porosity), surface chemistry (functional groups), and surface morphology. The dye removal performance of the different activated carbons was investigated by means of the uptake of methylene blue (MB) in solutions with various initial concentrations (25-400 mg/L of MB) at 30 °C, using a 0.05-g carbon/50-mL solution relationship. The sample prepared with 1:1 PKS:ZnCl2 and carbonized at 550 °C showed the highest MB adsorption capacity (maximum uptake at the equilibrium, q max = 225.3 mg MB / g adsorbent), resulting from its elevated specific surface area (BET, 1058 m2/g) and microporosity (micropore surface area, 721 m2/g). The kinetic experiments showed that removals over 90% of the equilibrium adsorptions were achieved after 4-h contact time in all the cases. The study showed that palm oil mill waste biomass could be used in the preparation of adsorbents efficient in the removal of colorants in wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rafael García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera" INCAPE (UNL-CONICET), Colectora Ruta Nac. 168 Km 0-Paraje el Pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Ulises Sedran
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera" INCAPE (UNL-CONICET), Colectora Ruta Nac. 168 Km 0-Paraje el Pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini
- Centre of Lipids Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Zainul Akmar Zakaria
- Institute of Bioproduct Development IBD, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Karri RR, Sahu J, Jayakumar N. Optimal isotherm parameters for phenol adsorption from aqueous solutions onto coconut shell based activated carbon: Error analysis of linear and non-linear methods. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Karri RR, Jayakumar N, Sahu J. Modelling of fluidised-bed reactor by differential evolution optimization for phenol removal using coconut shells based activated carbon. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zhou Z, Lin T, Jing G, Lv B, Liu Y. High-efficiency removal of NO x by a novel integrated chemical absorption and two-stage bioreduction process using magnetically stabilized fluidized bed reactors. Sci China Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-015-5413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Jin H, Lian Y, Qin L, Yang S, He G, Guo Z. Parameters measurement of hydrodynamics and CFD simulation in multi-stage bubble columns. CAN J CHEM ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Jin
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Yichen Lian
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Suohe Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Guangxiang He
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Zhiwu Guo
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
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19
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Behin J, Shojaeimehr T. Modeling of Multistage Bubble Column Reactors for Oxidation Reaction. Chem Eng Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201200275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Song X, Zhang Y, Chang C. Novel Method for Preparing Activated Carbons with High Specific Surface Area from Rice Husk. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie3012853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Song
- Department of Inorganic Materials, School of Mineral
Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha
410083, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Inorganic Materials, School of Mineral
Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha
410083, China
| | - Caimin Chang
- Department of Inorganic Materials, School of Mineral
Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha
410083, China
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Ismail IM, Fawzy AS, Abdel-Monem NM, Mahmoud MH, El-Halwany MA. Combined coagulation flocculation pre treatment unit for municipal wastewater. J Adv Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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22
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Akar ST, Arslan D, Alp T. Ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate anchored Symphoricarpus albus biomass for lead(II) removal: batch and column biosorption study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 227-228:107-117. [PMID: 22673058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The biosorption properties of APDC modified S. albus were tested in batch and column conditions. Effective experimental parameters such as pH, biosorbent dosage, contact time, temperature, initial lead(II) ion concentration, flow rate and bed height were investigated. The biosorption capacity of modified biosorbent was at maximum when lead(II) solution pH and biosorbent dosage were 5.5 and 2.0 g L(-1), respectively. The biosorption equilibrium was established in 20 min. Langmuir isotherm fitted well to the equilibrium data and kinetics is found to fit pseudo-second-order model. Increase in ionic strength of lead(II) solutions caused a slight decrease in the biosorption yield of APDC-modified biosorbent. Co-ions affected the biosorption performance of modified biomass up to maximum 20.81% reduction. Column biosorption of lead(II) showed higher biosorption yields at lower flow rates. Required time of breakthrough point was found to be 200 min. The recommended mechanism was found to depend mainly on electrostatic interaction, ion-exchange and complex formation. The ion-exchange mechanism for lead(II) biosorption onto the modified biosorbent is verified from the ionic strength effect and EDX analysis. Carbonyl, phosphate and CN groups on the modified surface of S. albus were found to responsible for complexation with lead(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Tunali Akar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Turkey.
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23
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Hashim MA, Mukhopadhyay S, Sahu JN, Sengupta B. Remediation technologies for heavy metal contaminated groundwater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2011; 92:2355-88. [PMID: 21708421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of groundwater by heavy metal, originating either from natural soil sources or from anthropogenic sources is a matter of utmost concern to the public health. Remediation of contaminated groundwater is of highest priority since billions of people all over the world use it for drinking purpose. In this paper, thirty five approaches for groundwater treatment have been reviewed and classified under three large categories viz chemical, biochemical/biological/biosorption and physico-chemical treatment processes. Comparison tables have been provided at the end of each process for a better understanding of each category. Selection of a suitable technology for contamination remediation at a particular site is one of the most challenging job due to extremely complex soil chemistry and aquifer characteristics and no thumb-rule can be suggested regarding this issue. In the past decade, iron based technologies, microbial remediation, biological sulphate reduction and various adsorbents played versatile and efficient remediation roles. Keeping the sustainability issues and environmental ethics in mind, the technologies encompassing natural chemistry, bioremediation and biosorption are recommended to be adopted in appropriate cases. In many places, two or more techniques can work synergistically for better results. Processes such as chelate extraction and chemical soil washings are advisable only for recovery of valuable metals in highly contaminated industrial sites depending on economical feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Hashim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Malaya, Pantai Valley, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Jusoh A, Hartini WJH, Ali N, Endut A. Study on the removal of pesticide in agricultural run off by granular activated carbon. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:5312-5318. [PMID: 21232934 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this batch study, the adsorption of malathion by using granular activated carbon with different parameters due to the particle size, dosage of carbons, as well as the initial concentration of malathion was investigated. Batch tests were carried out to determine the potential and the effectiveness of granular activated carbon (GAC) in removal of pesticide in agricultural run off. The granular activated carbon; coconut shell and palm shells were used and analyzed as the adsorbent material. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms models were applied to describe the characteristics of adsorption behavior. Equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model and Freundlich model with maximum adsorption capacity of 909.1mg/g. The results indicate that the GAC could be used to effectively adsorb pesticide (malathion) from agricultural runoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jusoh
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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Daffalla S, Mukhtar H, Shaharun M. Characterization of Adsorbent Developed from Rice Husk: Effect of Surface Functional Group on Phenol Adsorption. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/jas.2010.1060.1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Sahu JN, Acharya J, Meikap BC. Optimization of production conditions for activated carbons from Tamarind wood by zinc chloride using response surface methodology. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:1974-1982. [PMID: 19913410 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2009] [Revised: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The low-cost activated carbon was prepared from Tamarind wood an agricultural waste material, by chemical activation with zinc chloride. Activated carbon adsorption is an effective means for reducing organic chemicals, chlorine, heavy metals and unpleasant tastes and odours in effluent or colored substances from gas or liquid streams. Central composite design (CCD) was applied to study the influence of activation temperature, chemical ratio of zinc chloride to Tamarind wood and activation time on the chemical activation process of Tamarind wood. Two quadratic models were developed for yield of activated carbon and adsorption of malachite green oxalate using Design-Expert software. The models were used to calculate the optimum operating conditions for production of activated carbon providing a compromise between yield and adsorption of the process. The yield (45.26 wt.%) and adsorption (99.9%) of the activated carbon produced at these operating conditions showed an excellent agreement with the amounts predicted by the models.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Sahu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, PO Kharagpur Technology, West Bengal 721302, India.
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Sahu JN, Acharya J, Meikap BC. Response surface modeling and optimization of chromium(VI) removal from aqueous solution using Tamarind wood activated carbon in batch process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 172:818-825. [PMID: 19748729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Revised: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 07/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The present paper discusses response surface methodology (RSM) as an efficient approach for predictive model building and optimization of chromium adsorption on developed activated carbon. In this work the application of RSM is presented for optimizing the removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqua solutions using activated carbon as adsorbent. All experiments were performed according to statistical designs in order to develop the predictive regression models used for optimization. The optimization of adsorption of chromium on activated carbon was carried out to ensure a high adsorption efficiency at low adsorbent dose and high initial concentration of Cr(VI). While the goal of adsorption of chromium optimization was to improve adsorption conditions in batch process, i.e., to minimize the adsorbent dose and to increase the initial concentration of Cr(VI). In the adsorption experiments a laboratory developed Tamarind wood activated carbon made of chemical activation (zinc chloride) was used. A 2(4) full factorial central composite design experimental design was employed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a high coefficient of determination value (R(2)=0.928) and satisfactory prediction second-order regression model was derived. Maximum chromium removal efficiency was predicted and experimentally validated. The optimum adsorbent dose, temperature, initial concentration of Cr(VI) and initial pH of the Cr(VI) solution were found to be 4.3g/l, 32 degrees C, 20.15 mg/l and 5.41 respectively. Under optimal value of process parameters, high removal (>89%) was obtained for Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Sahu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, PO Kharagpur Technology, West Bengal Pin 721302, India
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