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Divyapriya G, Singh S, Martínez-Huitle CA, Scaria J, Karim AV, Nidheesh PV. Treatment of real wastewater by photoelectrochemical methods: An overview. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130188. [PMID: 33743419 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An inadequate and inefficient performance ability of conventional methods to remove persistent organic pollutants urges the need of alternative or complementary advanced wastewater treatments methods to ensure the safer reuse of reclaimed water. Photoelectrochemical methods are emerging as promising options among other advanced oxidation processes because of the higher treatment efficiency achieved due to the synergistic effects of combined photochemical and electrolysis reactions. Synergistic effects of integrated photochemical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical processes not only increase the hydroxyl radical production; an enhancement on the mineralization ability through various side reactions is also achieved. In this review, fundamental reaction mechanisms of different photoelectrochemical methods including photoelectrocatalysis, photo/solar electro-Fenton, photo anodic oxidation, photoelectroperoxone and photocatalytic fuel cell are discussed. Various integrated photochemical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical processes and their synergistic effects are elaborated. Different reactor configurations along with the positioning of electrodes, photocatalysts and light source of the individual/combined photoelectrochemical treatment systems are discussed. Modified photoanode and cathode materials used in the photoelectrochemical reactors and their performance ability is presented. Photoelectrochemical treatment of real wastewater such as landfill leachate, oil mill, pharmaceutical, textile, and tannery wastewater are reviewed. Hydrogen production efficiency in the photoelectrochemical process is further elaborated. Cost and energy involved in these processes are briefed, but the applicability of photocatalytic fuel cells to reduce the electrical dependence is also summarised. Finally, the use of photoelectrochemical approaches as an alternative for treating soil washing effluents is currently discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Divyapriya
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Omvati Devi Degree College, Bhalaswagaj, Haridwar, India
| | - Carlos A Martínez-Huitle
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, CEP 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Jaimy Scaria
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ansaf V Karim
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India
| | - P V Nidheesh
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
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2
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Lv P, Yang C, Qu G, Deng J. Detection of HO· in electrochemical process and degradation mechanism of pyridine. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-020-01468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Removal of color, COD and determination of power consumption from landfill leachate wastewater using an electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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4
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Moraleda I, Oturan N, Saez C, Llanos J, Rodrigo MA, Oturan MA. A comparison between flow-through cathode and mixed tank cells for the electro-Fenton process with conductive diamond anode. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124854. [PMID: 31549676 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work focusses on the production of hydrogen peroxide and in the removal of bromacil by the electro-Fenton process using two different electrochemical cells: mixed tank cell (MTC) and flow-through cell (FTC). Both cells use boron doped diamond (BDD) as anode and carbon felt as cathode to promote the formation of hydrogen peroxide. In the case of the MTC, two surface area ratios, Acathode/Aanode, have been used. Results show that the H2O2 produced by MTC and FTCPSC increases with the time until a stabilization state. For the FTCPSC, the average hydrogen peroxide concentration produced increases progressively with the current, while for MTC the maximum values are found in applying very low current densities. In addition, the FTCPSC provides higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide for the same current density applied. Regarding the MTC, it can be stated that the higher the area of the cathode, the higher is the amount of H2O2 produced and the lower is the cell voltage (because of a more efficient current lines distribution). The initial oxidation of bromacil is very efficiently attained being rapidly depleted from wastewater. However, the higher production of hydrogen peroxide obtained by the FTCPSC cell does not reflect on a better performance of the electro-Fenton process. Thus, bromacil is better mineralized using the MTC cell with the lowest cathode area. This observation has been explained because larger concentrations of produced hydrogen peroxide seems to benefit the oxidation of intermediates and not the mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Moraleda
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Chemical Engineering Department, Edificio Enrique Costa Novella. Campus Universitario s/n, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - N Oturan
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (LGE), UPEM, 77454, Marne-la-Vallée Cedex 2, France
| | - C Saez
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Chemical Engineering Department, Edificio Enrique Costa Novella. Campus Universitario s/n, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - J Llanos
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Chemical Engineering Department, Edificio Enrique Costa Novella. Campus Universitario s/n, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M A Rodrigo
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Chemical Engineering Department, Edificio Enrique Costa Novella. Campus Universitario s/n, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - M A Oturan
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (LGE), UPEM, 77454, Marne-la-Vallée Cedex 2, France.
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Oxidative degradation of Congo red using zeolite Y as a support for Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Ding X, Wang S, Shen W, Mu Y, Wang L, Chen H, Zhang L. Fe@Fe 2O 3 promoted electrochemical mineralization of atrazine via a triazinon ring opening mechanism. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 112:9-18. [PMID: 28110246 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an electrochemical/electro-Fenton oxidation (EC/EF) system was designed to degrade atrazine, by utilizing boron-doped diamond (BDD) and Fe@Fe2O3 core-shell nanowires loaded active carbon fiber (Fe@Fe2O3/ACF) as the anode and the cathode, respectively. This EC/EF system exhibited much higher degradation rate, decholorination and mineralization efficiency of atrazine than the electrochemical (EC) and electrochemical/traditional electro-Fenton (EC/TEF) oxidation counterpart systems without Fe@Fe2O3 core-shell nanowires. Active species trapping experiment revealed that Fe@Fe2O3 could activate molecular oxygen to produce more OH through Fenton reaction, which favored the atrazine degradation. High performance liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were applied to probe the decomposition and mineralization of atrazine during this novel EC/EF process, which revealed that two intermediates of triazinons (the isomerization of hydroxylated atrazine) were generated during the electrochemical/electro-Fenton oxidation of atrazine in the presence of Fe@Fe2O3 core-shell nanowires. The experimental and theoretical calculation results suggested that atrazine might be degraded via a triazinon ring opening mechanism, while the presence of Fe@Fe2O3 notably accelerated the decholorination process, and produced more hydroxylated products to promote the generation of trazinons and the subsequent ring cleavage as well as the final complete mineralization. This work provides a deep insight into the triazine ring opening mechanism and the design of efficient electrochemical advanced oxidation technologies (EAOTs) for persistent organic pollutant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Shengyao Wang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wanqiu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Yi Mu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, PR China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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Gopalan AI, Muthuchamy N, Lee KP. A novel bismuth oxychloride-graphene hybrid nanosheets based non-enzymatic photoelectrochemical glucose sensing platform for high performances. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 89:352-360. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Martínez-Huitle CA, Rodrigo MA, Sirés I, Scialdone O. Single and Coupled Electrochemical Processes and Reactors for the Abatement of Organic Water Pollutants: A Critical Review. Chem Rev 2015; 115:13362-407. [PMID: 26654466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 761] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Traditional physicochemical and biological techniques, as well as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), are often inadequate, ineffective, or expensive for industrial water reclamation. Within this context, the electrochemical technologies have found a niche where they can become dominant in the near future, especially for the abatement of biorefractory substances. In this critical review, some of the most promising electrochemical tools for the treatment of wastewater contaminated by organic pollutants are discussed in detail with the following goals: (1) to present the fundamental aspects of the selected processes; (2) to discuss the effect of both the main operating parameters and the reactor design on their performance; (3) to critically evaluate their advantages and disadvantages; and (4) to forecast the prospect of their utilization on an applicable scale by identifying the key points to be further investigated. The review is focused on the direct electrochemical oxidation, the indirect electrochemical oxidation mediated by electrogenerated active chlorine, and the coupling between anodic and cathodic processes. The last part of the review is devoted to the critical assessment of the reactors that can be used to put these technologies into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Martínez-Huitle
- Instituto de Química, Campus Universitário, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte , Av. Salgado Filho 3000 Campus Universitário Lagoa-Nova CEP 59078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Manuel A Rodrigo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Sciences & Technologies, Ciudad Real, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Ciudad Real 13071, Spain
| | - Ignasi Sirés
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Onofrio Scialdone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, Gestionale, Informatica, Meccanica, Università degli Studi di Palermo , Palermo 90128, Italy
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9
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Liu W, Liu H, Ai Z. In-situ generated H₂O₂ induced efficient visible light photo-electrochemical catalytic oxidation of PCP-Na with TiO₂. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 288:97-103. [PMID: 25698570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a novel photo-electrochemical catalytic oxidation wastewater treatment system by interacting the cathodic in-situ generated H₂O₂ with TiO₂ suspension to form interfacial ≡ Ti(IV)OOH species, which endowed the PEC system with superior efficiency for degrading sodium pentachlorophenate (PCP-Na) under visible light irradiation at neutral pH. The apparent PCP-Na degradation rate constant of the PEC system was more than 10 times that of the electrochemical oxidation counterpart. In the PEC system, the interfacial ≡ Ti(IV)OOH species injected electrons to the conduction band of TiO₂ to initiate the activation of O₂ and the in-situ generated H₂O₂ adsorbed on the surface of TiO₂, lead to producing reactive oxygen species of superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals, which were responsible for the dechlorination and mineralization of PCP-Na during the PEC process, respectively. The dosage of TiO₂ catalyst and the current intensity applied on PCP-Na degradation were optimized. This study develops a high efficient PEC oxidation system for wastewater treatment and provides new insight into the role of cathodic in-situ generated H₂O₂ on PEC oxidation of PCP-Na with TiO₂ under visible light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Huichao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Almeida LC, Silva BF, Zanoni MV. Combined photoelectrocatalytic/electro-Fenton process using a Pt/TiO 2 NTs photoanode for enhanced degradation of an azo dye: A mechanistic study. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Bokare AD, Choi W. Review of iron-free Fenton-like systems for activating H2O2 in advanced oxidation processes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 275:121-35. [PMID: 24857896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 990] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Iron-catalyzed hydrogen peroxide decomposition for in situ generation of hydroxyl radicals (HO(•)) has been extensively developed as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for environmental applications. A variety of catalytic iron species constituting metal salts (in Fe(2+) or Fe(3+) form), metal oxides (e.g., Fe2O3, Fe3O4), and zero-valent metal (Fe(0)) have been exploited for chemical (classical Fenton), photochemical (photo-Fenton) and electrochemical (electro-Fenton) degradation pathways. However, the requirement of strict acidic conditions to prevent iron precipitation still remains the bottleneck for iron-based AOPs. In this article, we present a thorough review of alternative non-iron Fenton catalysts and their reactivity towards hydrogen peroxide activation. Elements with multiple redox states (like chromium, cerium, copper, cobalt, manganese and ruthenium) all directly decompose H2O2 into HO(•) through conventional Fenton-like pathways. The in situ formation of H2O2 and decomposition into HO(•) can be also achieved using electron transfer mechanism in zero-valent aluminum/O2 system. Although these Fenton systems (except aluminum) work efficiently even at neutral pH, the H2O2 activation mechanism is very specific to the nature of the catalyst and critically depends on its composition. This review describes in detail the complex mechanisms and emphasizes on practical limitations influencing their environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok D Bokare
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Wonyong Choi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea.
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A dual-cell wastewater treatment system with combining anodic visible light driven photoelectro-catalytic oxidation and cathodic electro-Fenton oxidation. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Chae SY, Lee ES, Jung H, Hwang YJ, Joo OS. Synthesis of Bi2WO6 photoanode on transparent conducting oxide substrate with low onset potential for solar water splitting. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02868f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High conduction band of Bi2WO6, thus low onset potential of Bi2WO6/Co-Pi photoanode, is favourable for overall water splitting at zero bias potential when it combines with a silicon photocathode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Youn Chae
- Clean Energy Research Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
| | - Eun Seon Lee
- Clean Energy Research Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Jung
- Clean Energy Research Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clean Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Korea University of Science and Technology
| | - Yun Jeong Hwang
- Clean Energy Research Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clean Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Korea University of Science and Technology
| | - Oh-Shim Joo
- Clean Energy Research Center
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
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