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Song C, Chen S, Bi Z, Wang L, Cao M, Zhou Z, Cao H, Chen M, Zhang J, Liang Y. Perfluorohexane sulfonate exposure caused multiple developmental abnormalities in early life of zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2025; 265:120461. [PMID: 39603589 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.120461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2024] [Revised: 11/23/2024] [Accepted: 11/25/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) has been listed as a new persistent organic pollutant since 2022. Although the production and use of PFHxS are now restricted, it remains highly persistent in aquatic environments for decades. However, so far research about the toxic effects on early-life exposure of PFHxS and underlying mechanisms are still limited. In this study, we employed both wild type and specifically labeled transgenic zebrafish as model to investigate the developmental toxicity of PFHxS during early-stage exposure in zebrafish. A series of phenotypic and molecular indicators were analyzed at various time points between 24 h post-fertilization (hpf) and 7 days post-fertilization (dpf). Our data showed that the acute toxicity of PFHxS was much lower than PFOS, with a lethal concentration 50% of 508.11 ± 88.54 μM at 120 hpf. Low-dose PFHxS exposure significantly altered heart rates, blood flow, and swimming behavior in zebrafish larvae, suggesting potential cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity of zebrafish. Data from transgenic zebrafish with specifically labeled hearts (CZ40) confirmed that PFHxS affects cardiovascular system development. PFHxS-induced changes in transgenic zebrafish with labeled liver and pancreas (CZ16) suggest that PFHxS may cause metabolic disorders and contribute to developmental defects. Gene expression analysis showed that PFHxS with potential estrogenic effect might also affect the gonadal development of zebrafish. Our study can offer an insight into the toxicity of PFHxS in aquatic environment and health risks of early-stage PFHxS exposure in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuxin Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Siyi Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Zeyu Bi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China.
| | - Mengxi Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Huiming Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Minjie Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yong Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
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Zhang J, Zhang H, Lin R, Hou Y, Wang M, Zhang N, Yu C. Derivation of ecological safety thresholds and risk assessment of new SDHI fungicides in farmland system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176773. [PMID: 39378940 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides have become some of the top-selling fungicides in recent years. As the utilization of these fungicides intensifies, the corresponding potential risks to the environment proportionately increase. However, there is still limited knowledge about their toxic effects on ecosystems. In this study, acute toxicity data from laboratory assessments of the springtail Folsomia candida, alongside collected data from terrestrial and aquatic non-target species, were utilized to construct a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) model for both terrestrial and aquatic non-target organisms. Subsequently, we derived ecological baseline values for diverse scenarios within ecosystems. The results indicated that benzovindiflupyr exhibited the highest 7-day median lethal concentration (7d-LC50) to Folsomia candida at 2.0 μg cm-2, while the toxicity levels of other SDHI fungicides varied, ranging from 99 to 304 μg cm-2. In agricultural environments, the Hazard Concentration for 5 % of species (HC5) values for fluxapyroxad, boscalid, sedaxane, and isopyrazam were determined to be 8.0, 1240, 12.97, and 25.37 g ha-1, respectively. In aquatic environments, the HC5 values for benzovindiflupyr, fluxapyroxad, boscalid, sedaxane, isopyrazam, and carboxin were 0.0013, 0.022, 1.76, 0.372, 0.013, and 0.161 mg L-1, respectively. In an evaluation of typical agricultural scenarios within China, SDHI fungicides were found to exert substantial ecological risks to terrestrial non-target fauna and aquatic ecosystems around agricultural fields. Specifically, isopyrazam and fluxapyroxad were identified as posing heightened ecological risks to Typhlodromus pyri and Aphidius rhopalosiphi. Moreover, the application of benzovindiflupyr, carboxin, isopyrazam, and fluxapyroxad in paddy field environments is associated with unacceptable risks to groundwater. The findings of this study contribute significantly to the environmental risk evaluation of SDHI fungicides within farmland system, thereby informing the development of policy frameworks for their scientifically grounded application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Zhang
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Herui Zhang
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Ronghua Lin
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Yanhua Hou
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Menglun Wang
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Caihong Yu
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), 100083 Beijing, China.
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Shen C, Pan X, Wu X, Xu J, Zheng Y, Dong F. Prediction of Potential Risk for Flupyradifurone and Its Transformation Products to Hydrobionts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15151-15163. [PMID: 38941616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Flupyradifurone (FPF) is considered the latest generation of neonicotinoid insecticides. Here, we investigated the toxicity and ecological risk of FPF and its aerobic transformation products (TPs) to aquatic species using the method of prediction. We found that FPF exhibited moderate or high toxicity to some aquatic species. The 5% hazardous concentration of FPF was 3.84 μg/L for aquatic organisms. We obtained 91 aerobic TPs for FPF, and almost half of FPF TPs exhibited toxicity to fish or Daphnia. Eleven of the TPs of FPF exhibited a high or moderate risk to aquatic ecosystems. All FPF TPs with high and moderate risks contained a 6-chloropyridine ring structure, indicating that the derivant of a pyridine ring exhibits potential risks to aquatic ecosystems. Our results provide insight into the potential risk of FPF to aquatic ecosystems and could be used to help set criteria to control pollution caused by FPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- East China Branch of the National Center for Agricultural Biosafety Sciences/Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Pest Management/Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Xinglu Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Fengshou Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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Wang Y, Jiang L, Ali MM, Jiang J, Xu Y, Liu Z. Aquatic life criteria of hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater via ecotoxicity test and modeling. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134289. [PMID: 38663294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Wastewater resulting from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL-AP) of biowaste is gaining attention as an emerging hazardous material. However, there is a lack of specific and systematic ecotoxicity studies on HTL-AP. This study addresses this gap by conducting acute toxicity tests on HTL-AP using typical aquatic species and integrating these results with predicted toxicity values from interspecies correlation estimation models to establish aquatic life criteria. HTL-AP exhibited significant toxicity with LC50 of 956.12-3645.4 mg/L, but demonstrated moderate toxicity compared to common freshwater pollutants like commercial microbicides, personal care products, and insect repellents. The resulting hazardous concentration for 5 % of species (HC5), the criterion maximum concentration, and the short-term water quality criteria for aquatic were 506.0, 253.0, and 168.7 mg/L, respectively. Notably, certain organisms like Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Cipangopaludina chinensis showed high tolerance to HTL-AP, likely due to their metabolic capabilities on HTL-AP components. The significant decrease in HC5 values for some HTL-AP substances compared to pure compounds could indicate the synergistic inhibition effects among HTL-AP compositions. Furthermore, according to the established criteria, HTL-AP required significantly less diluted water (13 t) than carbendazim (1009 t) to achieve biosafety, indicating a safer release. This research establishes a preliminary water quality criterion for HTL-AP, offering a valuable reference for risk assessment and prediction in the utilization of HTL-AP within environmental contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyao Wang
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mahmoud M Ali
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing 100083, China; Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12311, Egypt
| | - Jinyue Jiang
- Water & Energy Technologies (WET) Lab, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton 08544, United States
| | - Yongdong Xu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing 100083, China; Water & Energy Technologies (WET) Lab, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton 08544, United States.
| | - Zhidan Liu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Beijing 100083, China.
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Sun T, Ji C, Li F, Wu H. Time Is Ripe for Targeting Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances-Induced Hormesis: Global Aquatic Hotspots and Implications for Ecological Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:9314-9327. [PMID: 38709515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Globally implemented ecological risk assessment (ERA) guidelines marginalize hormesis, a biphasic dose-response relationship characterized by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. The present study illuminated the promise of hormesis as a scientific dose-response model for ERA of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represented by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). A total of 266 hormetic dose-response relationships were recompiled from 1237 observations, covering 30 species from nine representative taxonomic groups. The standardized hormetic amplitudes followed the log-normal probability distribution, being subject to the limits of biological plasticity but independent of stress inducers. The SHapley Additive exPlanations algorithm revealed that the target endpoint was the most important variable explaining the hormetic amplitudes. Subsequently, quantitative frameworks were established to incorporate hormesis into the predicted no-effect concentration levels, with a lower induction dose and a zero-equivalent point but a broader hormetic zone for PFOS. Realistically, 10,117 observed concentrations of PFOA and PFOS were gathered worldwide, 4% of which fell within hormetic zones, highlighting the environmental relevance of hormesis. Additionally, the hormesis induction potential was identified in other legacy and emerging PFAS as well as their alternatives and mixtures. Collectively, it is time to incorporate the hormesis concept into PFAS studies to facilitate more realistic risk characterizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
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Ulhaq ZS, Tse WKF. Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) induces oxidative stress and causes developmental toxicities in zebrafish embryos. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131722. [PMID: 37263022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) is a short-chain perfluoroalkyl substance widely used to replace the banned perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) in different industrial and household products. It has currently been identified in the environment and human bodies; nonetheless, the possible toxicities are not well-known. Zebrafish have been used as a toxicant screening model due to their fast and transparent developmental processes. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to PFHxS for five days, and various experiments were performed to monitor the developmental and cellular processes. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis confirmed that PFHxS was absorbed and accumulated in the zebrafish embryos. We reported that 2.5 µM or higher PFHxS exposure induced phenotypic abnormalities, marked by developmental delay in the mid-hind brain boundary and yolk sac edema. Additionally, larvae exposed to PFHxS displayed facial malformation due to the reduction of neural crest cell expression. RNA sequencing analysis further identified 4643 differentiated expressed transcripts in 5 µM PFHxS-exposed 5-days post fertilization (5-dpf) larvae. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, as well as oxidative stress were enriched in the PFHxS-exposed larvae. To validate these findings, a series of biological experiments were conducted. PFHxS exposure led to a nearly 4-fold increase in reactive oxygen species, possibly due to hyperglycemia and impaired glutathione balance. The Oil Red O' staining and qPCR analysis strengthens the notions that lipid metabolism was disrupted, leading to lipid accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and malondialdehyde formation. All these alterations ultimately affected cell cycle events, resulting in S and G2/M cell cycle arrest. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that PFHxS could accumulate and induce various developmental toxicities in aquatic life, and such data might assist the government to accelerate the regulatory policy on PFHxS usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan; Research Center for Pre-clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency, Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - William Ka Fai Tse
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan.
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Rodrigues AD, Dos Santos Montanholi A, Shimabukuro AA, Yonekawa MKA, Cassemiro NS, Silva DB, Marchetti CR, Weirich CE, Beatriz A, Zanoelo FF, Marques MR, Giannesi GC, das Neves SC, Oliveira RJ, Ruller R, de Lima DP, Dos Anjos Dos Santos E. N-acetylation of toxic aromatic amines by fungi: Strain screening, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity evaluation, and application in bioremediation of 3,4-dichloroaniline. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 441:129887. [PMID: 36115092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic amines (AA) are one of the most commonly used classes of compounds in industry and the most common pollutants found in both soil and water. 3,4-Dichloaniline (3,4-DCA) is a persistent residue of the phenylurea herbicide in the environment. In this study, we used a colorimetric method as a new approach to screen 12 filamentous fungal strains of the genera Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, and Mucor to assess their capacity to perform AA N-acetylation since it is considered a potential tool in environmental bioremediation. Subsequently, the selected strains were biotransformed with different AA substrates to evaluate the product yield. The strains Aspergillus niveus 43, Aspergillus terreus 31, and Cladosporium cladosporioides showed higher efficiencies in the biotransformation of 3,4-DCA at 500 µM into its N-acetylated product. These fungal strains also showed great potential to reduce the phytotoxicity of 3,4-DCA in experiments using Lactuca sativa seeds. Furthermore, N-acetylation was shown to be effective in reducing the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of 3,4-DCA and other AA in the immortalized human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell line. The isolated products after biotransformation showed that fungi of the genera Aspergillus and Cladosporium appeared to have N-acetylation as the first and main AA detoxification mechanism. Finally, A. terreus 31 showed the highest 3,4-DCA bioremediation potential, and future research can be carried out on the application of this strain to form microbial consortia with great potential for the elimination of toxic AA from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Dal'Ongaro Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Biológica (LQOB), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Arthur Dos Santos Montanholi
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Biológica (LQOB), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Angela Akimi Shimabukuro
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Biológica (LQOB), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Murilo Kioshi Aquino Yonekawa
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Biológica (LQOB), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Nadla Soares Cassemiro
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LaPNEM), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Denise Brentan Silva
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LaPNEM), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Clarice Rossato Marchetti
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Bioquímica Geral e de Microrganismos (LBq), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Weirich
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Bioquímica Geral e de Microrganismos (LBq), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Adilson Beatriz
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Instituto de Química (INQUI), Laboratório LP4, Av. Filinto Müller, 1555, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Fonseca Zanoelo
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Bioquímica Geral e de Microrganismos (LBq), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Marques
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Bioquímica Geral e de Microrganismos (LBq), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Giovana Cristina Giannesi
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Bioquímica Geral e de Microrganismos (LBq), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Silvia Cordeiro das Neves
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Centro de Estudos em Células Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica, Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Centro de Estudos em Células Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica, Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Roberto Ruller
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Bioquímica Geral e de Microrganismos (LBq), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Dênis Pires de Lima
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Instituto de Química (INQUI), Laboratório LP4, Av. Filinto Müller, 1555, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Edson Dos Anjos Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Biológica (LQOB), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Laboratório de Bioquímica Geral e de Microrganismos (LBq), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Av. Costa e Silva, s/nº, CEP 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
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