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Xia F, Chen Z, Tian E, Mo J. A super sandstorm altered the abundance and composition of airborne bacteria in Beijing. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 144:35-44. [PMID: 38802236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Sandstorm, which injects generous newly emerging microbes into the atmosphere covering cities, adversely affects the air quality in built environments. However, few studies have examined the change of airborne bacteria during severe sandstorm events. In this work, we analyzed the airborne bacteria during one of the strongest sandstorms in East Asia on March 15th, 2021, which affected large areas of China and Mongolia. The characteristics of the sandstorm were compared with those of the subsequent clean and haze days. The composition of the bacterial community of air samples was investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and high-throughput sequencing technology. During the sandstorm, the particulate matter (PM) concentration and bacterial richness were extremely high (PM2.5: 207 µg/m3; PM10: 1630 µg/m3; 5700 amplicon sequence variants/m3). In addition, the sandstorm brought 10 pathogenic bacterial genera to the atmosphere, posing a grave hazard to human health. As the sandstorm subsided, small bioaerosols (0.65-1.1 µm) with a similar bacterial community remained suspended in the atmosphere, bringing possible long-lasting health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanxuan Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Enze Tian
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China; Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jinhan Mo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Urban Resilient Infrastructures (Shenzhen University), Ministry of Education, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, China
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2
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Zhu G, Wang C, Yang T, Gao N, Zhang Y, Zhu J, He X, Shao J, Li S, Zhang M, Zhang S, Gao J, Xu H. Bio-inspired gradient poly(lactic acid) nanofibers for active capturing of PM 0.3 and real-time respiratory monitoring. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134781. [PMID: 38824775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The concept of bio-inspired gradient hierarchies, in which the well-defined MOF nanocrystals serve as active nanodielectrics to create electroactive shell at poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibers, is introduced to promote the surface activity and electroactivity of PLA nanofibrous membranes (NFMs). The strategy enabled significant refinement of PLA nanofibers during coaxial electrospinning (∼40 % decline of fiber diameter), accompanied by remarkable increase of specific surface area (nearly 1.5 m2/g), porosity (approximately 85 %) and dielectric constants for the bio-inspired gradient PLA (BG-PLA) NFMs. It largely boosted initial electret properties and electrostatic adsorption capability of BG-PLA NFMs, as well as charge regeneration by TENG mechanisms even under high-humidity environment. The BG-PLA NFMs thus featured exceptionally high PM0.3 filtration efficiencies with well-controlled air resistance (94.3 %, 163.4 Pa, 85 L/min), in contrast to the relatively low efficiency of only 80.0 % for normal PLA. During the application evaluation of outdoor air purification, excellent long-term filtering performance was demonstrated for the BG-PLA for up to 4 h (nearly 98.0 %, 53 Pa), whereas normal PLA exhibited a gradually declined filtration efficiency and an increased pressure drop. Moreover, the BG-PLA NFMs of increased electroactivity were ready to generate tribo-output currents as driven by respiratory vibrations, which enabled real-time monitoring of electrophysiological signals. This bio-inspired gradient strategy opens up promising pathways to engender biodegradable nanofibers of high surface activity and electroactivity, which has significant implications for intelligent protective membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiying Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Cunmin Wang
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Ting Yang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Na Gao
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jintuo Zhu
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Xinjian He
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Jiang Shao
- School of Architecture & Design, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Shihang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coal-based Greenhouse Gas Control and Utilization, Carbon Neutrality Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- China Academy of Safety Science & Technology, 100012 Beijing, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jiefeng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 272100, China
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China.
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3
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Chen Z, Gao Y, Xia F, Bi C, Mo J. Formation kinetics of SVOC organic films and their impact on child exposure in indoor environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168970. [PMID: 38043806 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
We conducted an SVOC mass transfer and child-exposure modeling analysis considering the combined sorption of multiple SVOCs containing DnBP, BBP, DEHP, DINP and DINCH in indoor environments. A mechanistic model was applied to describe the organic film formation, and a partition-coefficient-prediction model was originally developed for the realistic organic films. The characteristics of film formation on impermeable surfaces were examined based on three different assumptions: the widely-used constant Kns,im assumption, Koa assumption, and the proposed Kom assumption (predicted specifically for the realistic organic films in this study). After long-term SVOC sorption, the organic film reached increasing equilibrium gradually under constant Kns,im assumption. While under Koa and Kom assumption, organic films exhibited nearly linear increases on surfaces, the trends of which agreed well with field studies. However, the film thicknesses calculated under Kom assumption with larger film partition coefficients were approximately twice larger than those under Koa assumption. Meanwhile, Horizontal surfaces with higher deposition rates of particle-phase SVOCs exhibited larger velocities of film growth compared to vertical surfaces. Under the Kom assumption, exposures of hazardous SVOCs for a 3-year-old child increased by 87.5 %-198.7 % even with the weekly cleaning of indoor impermeable surfaces, carpet and cloth. This study is anticipated to provide valuable insights into the film-forming characteristics of multiple SVOCs and the accompanying significant health risks to human beings in indoor environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yilun Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fanxuan Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chenyang Bi
- Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts, 01821, USA
| | - Jinhan Mo
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Urban Resilient Infrastructures (Shenzhen University), Ministry of Education, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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4
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Liang C, Li J, Chen Y, Ke L, Zhu J, Zheng L, Li XP, Zhang S, Li H, Zhong GJ, Xu H. Self-Charging, Breathable, and Antibacterial Poly(lactic acid) Nanofibrous Air Filters by Surface Engineering of Ultrasmall Electroactive Nanohybrids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38048182 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great promise in the development of biodegradable and ecofriendly air filters by electrospinning of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibrous membranes (NFMs), the as-electrospun PLA nanofibers are generally characterized by poor electroactivity and smooth surface, challenging the exploitation of electrostatic adsorption and physical interception that are in need for efficient removal of pathogens and particulate matters (PMs). Herein, a combined "electrospinning-electrospray" strategy was disclosed to functionalize the PLA nanofibers by direct anchoring of highly dielectric BaTiO3@ZIF-8 nanohybrids (BTO@ZIF-8), conferring simultaneous promotion of surface roughness, electret properties (surface potential as high as 7.5 kV), and self-charging capability (∼190% increase in tribo-output voltage compared to that of pure PLA). Benefiting from the well-tailored morphology and increased electroactivity, the electrospun-electrosprayed PLA/BTO@ZIF-8 exhibited excellent PM-capturing performance (up to 96.54% for PM0.3 and 99.49% for PM2.5) while providing desirable air resistance (only 87 Pa at 32 L/min) due primarily to the slip flow of air molecules over the nanohybrid protrusions. This was accompanied by excellent antibacterial properties (99.9% inhibition against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli), arising presumably from the synergistic effects of enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, plentiful ion release, and surface charges. Our proposed strategy opens up pathways to afford exceptional combination of high-efficiency and low-resistance filtration, excellent antibacterial performance, and mechanical robustness without sacrificing the biodegradation profiles of PLA NFMs, holding potential implications for efficient and long-term healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Liang
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yuyang Chen
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Lv Ke
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jintuo Zhu
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Lina Zheng
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Heguo Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Gan-Ji Zhong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, China
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5
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Wei J, Wang Y, Mo J, Fan C. One-year dataset of hourly air quality parameters from 100 air purifiers used in China residential buildings. Sci Data 2023; 10:715. [PMID: 37853016 PMCID: PMC10584929 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02640-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Household air purifiers have been widely used as an effective approach to improving indoor air quality. Air purifiers can automatically record indoor air quality parameters, providing valuable data resources for in-depth data-driven analysis. This work presents a one-year hourly indoor air quality dataset collected by household air purifiers in 100 residential homes in 18 provinces across 4 different climate zones in China. The data were collected from July 1, 2021, to July 1, 2022. The concentrations of formaldehyde, PM2.5, TVOC, temperature, relative humidity, on/off status and the airflow rate of air purifiers during operations were recorded hourly. The data were carefully screened with possibly missing values imputed using chained equation-based methods if any. The dataset provides a comprehensive and detailed picture of the indoor air quality in residential buildings, enabling evaluations on the cleaning effect of air purifiers, the impact of outdoor climate change on indoor air quality, and the future trends in indoor human behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaze Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jinhan Mo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Urban Resilient Infrastructures (Shenzhen University), Ministry of Education, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
- Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building (Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Cheng Fan
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Urban Resilient Infrastructures (Shenzhen University), Ministry of Education, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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6
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Zhang R, He X, Liu J, Xiong J. VOC transport in an occupied residence: Measurements and predictions via deep learning. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 892:164559. [PMID: 37263430 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring and prediction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in realistic indoor settings are essential for source characterization, apportionment, and exposure assessment, while it has seldom been examined previously. In this study, we conducted a field campaign on ten typical VOCs in an occupied residence, and obtained the time-resolved VOC dynamics. Feature importance analysis illustrated that air change rate (ACR) has the greatest impact on the VOC concentration levels. We applied three multi-feature (temperature, relative humidity, ACR) deep learning models to predict the VOC concentrations over ten days in the residence, indicating that the long short-term memory (LSTM) model owns the best performance, with predictions the closest to the observed data, compared with the other two models, i.e., recurrent neural network (RNN) model and gated recurrent unit (GRU) model. We also found that human activities could significantly affect VOC emissions in some observed erupted peaks. Our study provides a promising pathway of estimating long-term transport characteristics and exposures of VOCs under varied conditions in realistic indoor environments via deep learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinglei He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jialong Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianyin Xiong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
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7
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Shang H, Xu K, Li T, Yang HR, Gao J, Li S, Zhu J, He X, Zhang S, Xu H, Shen B. Bioelectret poly(lactic acid) membranes with simultaneously enhanced physical interception and electrostatic adsorption of airborne PM 0.3. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:132010. [PMID: 37423132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Traditional polymeric fibrous membranes have been extensively used to reduce the health risks caused by airborne particulate matter (PM), leading to the dramatically increasing pollution of plastics and microplastics. Although great efforts have been made to develop poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based membrane filters, they are frequently dwarfed by their relatively poor electret properties and electrostatic adsorptive mechanisms. To resolve this dilemma, a bioelectret approach was proposed in this work, strategically involving the bioinspired adhesion of dielectric hydroxyapatite nanowhiskers as a biodegradable electret to promote the polarization properties of PLA microfibrous membranes. In addition to significant improvements in tensile properties, the incorporation of hydroxyapatite bioelectret (HABE) enabled remarkable increase in the removal efficiencies of ultrafine PM0.3 in a high-voltage electrostatic field (10 and 25 kV). This was exemplified by the largely increased filtering performance (69.75%, 23.1 Pa) for PLA membranes loaded with 10 wt% HABE at the normal airflow rate (32 L/min) compared to the pristine PLA counterpart (32.89%, 7.2 Pa). Although the filtration efficiency of PM0.3 for the counterpart dramatically decreased to 21.6% at 85 L/min, the increment was maintained at nearly 196% for the bioelectret PLA, while an ultralow pressure drop (74.5 Pa) and high humidity resistance (RH 80%) were achieved. The unusual property combination were ascribed to the HABE-enabled realization of multiple filtration mechanisms, including the simultaneous enhancement of physical interception and electrostatic adsorption. The significant filtration applications, unattainable with conventional electret membranes, demonstrate the bioelectret PLA as a promising biodegradable platform that allows high filtration properties and humidity resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Shang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Keke Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Hao-Ran Yang
- State Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science and Technology, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jiefeng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 272100, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Shihang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coal-based Greenhouse Gas Control and Utilization, Carbon Neutrality Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jintuo Zhu
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xinjian He
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Baolong Shen
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
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8
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Wang H, Wang H, Wang K, Xiong J, Huang S, Wolfson JM, Koutrakis P. Characterization of chemical transport in human skin and building material. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131917. [PMID: 37379590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) are ubiquitous in indoor environment. They can emit from source into air, and subsequently penetrate human skin into blood through dermal uptake, causing adverse health effects. This study develops a two-layer analytical model to characterize the VOC/SVOC dermal uptake process, which is then extended to predict VOC emissions from two-layer building materials or furniture. Based on the model, the key transport parameters of chemicals in every skin or material layer are determined via a hybrid optimization method using data from experiments and literature. The measured key parameters of SVOCs for dermal uptake are more accurate than those from previous studies using empirical correlations. Moreover, the association between the absorption amount of studied chemicals into blood and age is preliminarily investigated. Further exposure analysis reveals that the contribution of dermal uptake to the total exposure can be comparable with that of inhalation for the examined SVOCs. This study makes the first attempt to accurately determine the key parameters of chemicals in skin, which is demonstrated to be critical for health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haimei Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Keliang Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianyin Xiong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Shaodan Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston 02115, United States.
| | - Jack M Wolfson
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston 02115, United States
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston 02115, United States
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9
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Tang M, Jiang L, Wang C, Li X, He X, Li Y, Liu C, Wang Y, Gao J, Xu H. Bioelectrets in Electrospun Bimodal Poly(lactic acid) Fibers: Realization of Multiple Mechanisms for Efficient and Long-Term Filtration of Fine PMs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37192220 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great potential in fabrication of biodegradable and eco-friendly air filters by electrospinning poly(lactic acid) (PLA) membranes, the filtering performance is frequently dwarfed by inadequate physical sieving or electrostatic adsorption mechanisms to capture airborne particulate matters (PMs). Here, using the parallel spinning approach, the unique micro/nanoscale architecture was established by conjugation of neighboring PLA nanofibers, creating bimodal fibers in electrospun PLA membranes for the enhanced slip effect to significantly reduce the air resistance. Moreover, the bone-like nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bioelectret (HABE) was exploited to enhance the dielectric and polarization properties of electrospun PLA, accompanied by the controlled generation of junctions induced by the microaggregation of HABE (10-30 wt %). The incorporated HABE was supposed to orderly align in the applied E-field and largely promote the charging capability and surface potential, gradually increasing to 7.2 kV from the lowest level of 2.5 kV for pure PLA. This was mainly attributed to HABE-induced orientation of PLA backbone chains and C═O dipoles, as well as the interfacial charges trapped at the interphases of HABE-PLA and crystalline region-amorphous PLA. Given the multiple capturing mechanisms, the micro/nanostructured PLA/HABE membranes were characterized by excellent and sustainable filtering performance, e.g., the filtration efficiency of PM0.3 was promoted from 59.38% for pure PLA to 94.38% after addition of 30 wt % HABE at a moderate airflow capacity of 32 L/min and from 30.78 to 83.75% at the highest level of 85 L/min. It is of interest that the pressure drop was significantly decreased, mainly arising from the slip effect between the ultrafine nanofibers and conjugated microfibers. The proposed combination of the nanostructured electret and the multistructuring strategy offers the function integration of efficient filtration and low resistance that are highly useful to pursue fully biodegradable filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Tang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Liang Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Cunmin Wang
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xinjian He
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yichen Li
- Dulwich International High School Suzhou, Suzhou 215021, China
| | - Changhui Liu
- School of Low-Carbon Energy and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jiefeng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 272100, China
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
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10
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Gao Y, Gu Y, Tian E, Mo J. A two-stage cascaded ionizer for boosting PM charging in electrostatic filtration: Principles, design, and long-term performance. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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11
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Yang Y, Wang H, Wang C, Chen Y, Dang B, Liu M, Zhang X, Li Y, Sun Q. Dual-Network Structured Nanofibrous Membranes with Superelevated Interception Probability for Extrafine Particles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 36907989 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM) pollution has caused a public health threat, including nanoscale particles, especially with emerging infectious diseases and indoor and vehicular environmental pollution. However, most existing indoor air filtration units are expensive, energy-intensive, and bulky, and there is an unavoidable trade-off between low-efficiency PM0.3/pathogen interception, PM removal, and air resistance. Herein, we designed and synthesized a two-dimensional continuous cellulose-sheath/net with a unique dual-network corrugated architecture to manufacture high-efficiency air filters and even N95 particulate face mask. Combined with its sheath/net structured pores (size 100-200 nm) consisting of a cellulose framework (1-100 nm diameter), the cellulose sheath/net filter offers high-efficiency air filtration (>99.5338%, Extrafine particles; >99.9999%, PM2.5), low-pressure drops, and a robustness quality factor of >0.14 Pa-1, utilizing their ultralight weight of 30 mg/m2 and physical adhesion and sieving behaviors. Simultaneously, masks prepared with cellulose-sheath/net filters are more likely to capture and block smaller particles than the N95 standard. The synthesis of such materials with their nanoscale features and designed macrostructures may suggest new design criteria for a novel generation of high-efficiency air filter media for different applications such as personal protection products and industrial dust removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Hanwei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Yipeng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Baokang Dang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- Guangxi Fenglin Wood Industry Group Co., Ltd., Nanning 530000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
| | - Qingfeng Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China
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A Visible Light-Induced and ROS-Dependent Method for the Rapid Formation of a MOF Composite Membrane with Antibacterial Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021520. [PMID: 36675031 PMCID: PMC9861057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The diverse application potential of metal-organic framework (MOF) materials are currently limited by their challenging and complicated preparation processes. In this study, we successfully developed a novel strategy for the rapid synthesis of a sustainable MOF composite membrane under neutral conditions with improved physicochemical and antibacterial properties. Our reaction pipeline comprised visible light that induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from ZIF-8 particles, which facilitated the rapid oxidative polymerization of dopamine to polydopamine. The physicochemical properties of the composite membrane were assessed using imaging methods, including scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption; its antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were measured using optical densitometry. The bactericidal potency of the synthesized membrane was >99% against all tested strains under the conditions of simulated sunlight. Moreover, the composite membrane retained its structural integrity and antibacterial effect after multiple cycles of use and recovery, showcasing remarkable stability. Overall, this study displays a ROS-mediated method for the rapid preparation of sustainable MOF composite membranes under neutral conditions with optimal physicochemical characteristics, antibacterial properties, and performance. Our study provides insights into the use of membrane materials as design platforms for a range of diverse practical applications.
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Shen R, Guo Y, Wang S, Tuerxun A, He J, Bian Y. Biodegradable Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes as Promising Candidates for the Development of Face Masks. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1306. [PMID: 36674061 PMCID: PMC9858797 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol particles, such as the widespread COVID-19 recently, have posed a great threat to humans. Combat experience has proven that masks can protect against viruses; however, the epidemic in recent years has caused serious environmental pollution from plastic medical supplies, especially masks. Degradable filters are promising candidates to alleviate this problem. Degradable nanofiber filters, which are developed by the electrospinning technique, can achieve superior filtration performance. This review focuses on the basic introduction to air filtration, the general aspects of face masks, and nanofibers. Furthermore, the progress of the state of art degradable electrospun nanofiber filters have been summarized, such as silk fibroin (SF), polylactic acid (PLA), chitosan, cellulose, and zein. Finally, the challenges and future development are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ye Bian
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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14
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Bian Y, Zhang C, Wang H, Cao Q. Degradable Nanofiber for Eco-friendly Air Filtration: Progress and Perspectives. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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