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Short M, Dobson J, Day G, Lefferts B, Singleton R, Keck J. "You can feel the fresh air … " Rural Alaska Native household perceptions of home air purifiers and health. Int J Circumpolar Health 2024; 83:2335702. [PMID: 38546171 PMCID: PMC10984226 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2024.2335702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Alaska Native and American Indian children experience frequent respiratory illness. Indoor air quality is associated with the severity and frequency of respiratory infections in children. High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) purifiers effectively improve indoor air quality and may protect respiratory health. In 2019, the Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation implemented a pilot programme that provided education and HEPA purifiers to households of children with chronic lung conditions. The team evaluated HEPA purifier acceptability and use by interviewing representatives from 11 households that participated in the pilot programme. All interviewees reported improvement in their child's health, and some believed that the health of other household members was also improved because of the HEPA purifier. Interviewees reported that the HEPA purifiers were easy to use, quiet, and not expensive to run. Five of 11 households were still using the HEPA purifier at the time of the interview, which was about three years after receipt of the unit. The most common reasons for discontinuing use were equipment failure and lack of replacement filter, suggesting that programme support could increase sustainability. Our evaluation suggests that HEPA purifiers are acceptable and feasible for use in rural Alaska Native households.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madilyn Short
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
- Department of Research Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Jennifer Dobson
- Department of Research Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA
- Office of Environmental Health and Engineering, Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, Bethel, AK, USA
| | - Gretchen Day
- Department of Research Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Brian Lefferts
- Office of Environmental Health and Engineering, Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation, Bethel, AK, USA
| | - Rosalyn Singleton
- Department of Research Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - James Keck
- WWAMI School of Medical Education, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA
- Department of Research Services, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA
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Zhou Z, You T, Pan Z, Wang D, Wang H, Wang L, Xu G, Liang Y, Hu J, Tang M. Trichome-Like Biomimetic Air Filters via Templated Silicone Nanofilaments. Adv Mater 2024:e2311129. [PMID: 38557985 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution threats to human health have increased awareness of the role of filter units in air cleaning applications. As an ideal energy-saving strategy for air filters, the slip effect on nanofiber surfaces can potentially overcome the trade-off between filtration efficiency and pressure drop. However, the potential of the slip effect in nanofibrous structures is significantly limited by the tight nanofiber stacks. In this study, trichome-like biomimetic (TLB) air filters with 3D-templated silicone nanofilaments (average diameter: ≈74 nm) are prepared based on an in situ chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method inspired by plant purification. Theoretical modeling and experimental results indicate that TLB air filters make significant use of the slip effect to overcome the efficiency-resistance tradeoff. The selectable filter class (up to U15, ≈99.9995%) allows TLB air filters to meet various requirements, and their integral filtration performance surpasses that of most commodity air filters, including melt-blown cloth, ePTFE membranes, electrospun mats, and glass fiber paper. The proposed strategy directly transforms commercial filter media and filters into TLB air filters using a bottom-up, one-step approach. As a proof-of-concept, reusable N95 respirators and air purifiers equipped with TLB air filters are fabricated, overcoming the limitations of existing filter designs and fabrication methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhou
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Tianle You
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Zhengyuan Pan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Di Wang
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Lingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Guilong Xu
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Yun Liang
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Jian Hu
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Min Tang
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
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Lin M, Shen J, Qian Q, Li T, Zhang C, Qi H. Fabrication of Poly(Lactic Acid)@TiO 2 Electrospun Membrane Decorated with Metal-Organic Frameworks for Efficient Air Filtration and Bacteriostasis. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:889. [PMID: 38611147 PMCID: PMC11013116 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of high-performance filtration materials is essential for the effective removal of airborne particles, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) anchored to organic polymer matrices are considered to be one of the most promising porous adsorbents for air pollutants. Nowadays, most air filters are generally based on synthetic fiber polymers derived from petroleum residues and have limited functionality, so the use of MOFs in combination with nanofiber air filters has received a lot of attention. Here, a conjugated electrostatic spinning method is demonstrated for the one-step preparation of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibrous membranes with a bimodal diameter distribution and the anchoring of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) by the introduction of TiO2 and in situ generation to construct favorable multiscale fibers and rough structures. The prepared PLA/TZ maintained a good PM2.5 capture efficiency of 99.97%, a filtration efficiency of 96.43% for PM0.3, and a pressure drop of 96.0 Pa, with the highest quality factor being 0.08449 Pa-1. Additionally, ZIF-8 was uniformly generated on the surface of PLA and TiO2 nanofibers, obtaining a roughened structure and a larger specific surface area. An enhanced filtration retention effect and electrostatic interactions, as well as active free radicals, can be generated for the deep inactivation of bacteria. Compared with the unmodified membrane, PLA/TZ prepared antibacterial characteristics induced by photocatalysis and Zn2+ release, with excellent bactericidal effects against S. aureus and E. coli. Overall, this work may provide a promising approach for the development of efficient biomass-based filtration materials with antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggang Lin
- Institute of Smart & Ecological Textile, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362002, China; (M.L.); (C.Z.)
- College of Textile and Apparel, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Jinlin Shen
- Institute of Smart & Ecological Textile, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362002, China; (M.L.); (C.Z.)
- College of Textile and Apparel, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362002, China
| | - Qiaonan Qian
- Institute of Smart & Ecological Textile, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362002, China; (M.L.); (C.Z.)
- College of Textile and Apparel, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362002, China
| | - Tan Li
- Institute of Smart & Ecological Textile, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362002, China; (M.L.); (C.Z.)
- College of Textile and Apparel, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Chuyang Zhang
- Institute of Smart & Ecological Textile, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362002, China; (M.L.); (C.Z.)
- College of Textile and Apparel, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Huan Qi
- Institute of Smart & Ecological Textile, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362002, China; (M.L.); (C.Z.)
- College of Textile and Apparel, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362002, China
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Liu F, Ma Q, Sabuj MMA, Yen SH, Govindan D, Gao J, Zhao M, Elimelech M, Zhang W. Revolutionizing Airborne Virus Defense: Electromagnetic MXene-Coated Air Filtration for Superior Aerosol Viral Removal. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:10148-10157. [PMID: 38363186 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic sparked public health concerns about the transmission of airborne viruses. Current methods mainly capture pathogens without inactivation, leading to potential secondary pollution. Herein, we evaluated the inactivation performance of a model viral species (MS2) in simulated bioaerosol by an electromagnetically enhanced air filtration system under a 300 kHz electromagnetic induction field. A nonwoven fabric filter was coated with a 2D catalyst, MXene (Ti3C2Tx), at a coating density of 4.56 mg·cm-2 to absorb electromagnetic irradiation and produce local heating and electromagnetic field for microbial inactivation. The results showed that the MXene-coated air filter significantly enhanced the viral removal efficiency by achieving a log removal of 3.4 ± 0.15 under an electromagnetic power density of 369 W·cm-2. By contrast, the pristine filter without catalyst coating only garnered a log removal of 0.3 ± 0.04. Though the primary antimicrobial mechanism is the local heating as indicated by the elevated surface temperature of 72.2 ± 4 °C under the electromagnetic field, additional nonthermal effects (e.g., dielectrophoresis) on enhanced viral capture during electromagnetically enhanced filtration were investigated by COMSOL simulation to delineate the potential transmission trajectories of bioaerosol. The results provide unique insights into the mechanisms of pathogen control and thus promote alternative solutions for preventing the transmission of airborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhou Liu
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102-1982, United States
| | - Qingquan Ma
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102-1982, United States
| | - Md Mohidul Alam Sabuj
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102-1982, United States
| | - Shih-Hsiang Yen
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102-1982, United States
| | - Dheeban Govindan
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102-1982, United States
| | - Jianan Gao
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102-1982, United States
| | - Mengqiang Zhao
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102-1982, United States
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - Wen Zhang
- John A. Reif, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102-1982, United States
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102-1982, United States
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Rathi S, Goel A, Jain S, Sreeramoju R. Health benefits to vulnerable populations by meeting particle-level guidelines inside schools with different ventilation conditions. Int J Environ Health Res 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38357756 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2305223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
We conducted simultaneous real-time measurements for particles on the premises of four schools, two of which were naturally ventilated (NV) and two mechanically ventilated (MV) in Kanpur, India. Health to school children from reduced particle levels inside classrooms simulated to the lowest acceptable levels (ISHRAE Class C: PM10 ≤ 100 µg/m3 & PM2.5 ≤ 25 µg/m3) using air filters were examined. Lung deposition of particles was used as a proxy for health impacts and calculated using the MPPD model. The particle levels in all classrooms were above the baseline, with NV classrooms having higher particle masses than MV classrooms: 72.16% for PM1, 74.66% for PM2.5, and 85.17% for PM10. Our calculation reveals a whooping reduction in particles deposited in the lungs (1512% for PM10 and 1485% for PM2.5) in the case of the NV classrooms. Results highlight unhealthy air inside classrooms and suggest urgent interventions, such as simple filtration techniques, to achieve acceptable levels of particles inside schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Rathi
- Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Anubha Goel
- Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, India
- Department of Civil Engineering, Chandrakanta Kesavan Centre for Energy Policy and Climate Solutions, Kanpur, India
- Centre for Environmental Science & Engineering (CESE), IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Supreme Jain
- Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, India
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Zhao W, Wang M, Yao Y, Cheng Z, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Tao J, Xiong J, Cao H, Zhang D. Hyperbranched Polymer Induced Antibacterial Tree-Like Nanofibrous Membrane for High Effective Air Filtration. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2300685. [PMID: 38339795 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The air filtration materials with high efficiency, low resistance, and extra antibacterial property are crucial for personal health protection. Herein, a tree-like polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibrous membrane with hierarchical structure (trunk fiber of 447 nm, branched fiber of 24.7 nm) and high filtration capacity is demonstrated. Specifically, 2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride terminated hyperbranched polymer (HBP-HTC) with near-spherical three-dimensional molecular structure and adjustable terminal positive groups is synthesized as an additive for PVDF electrospinning to enhance the jet splitting and promote the formation of branched ultrafine nanofibers, achieving a coverage rate of branched nanofibers over 90% that is superior than small molecular quaternary ammonium salts. The branched nanofibers network enhances mechanical properties and filtration efficiency (99.995% for 0.26 µm sodium chloride particles) of the PVDF/HBP-HTC membrane, which demonstrates reduced pressure drop (122.4 Pa) and a quality factor up to 0.083 Pa-1 on a 40 µm-thick sample. More importantly, the numerous quaternary ammonium salt groups of HBP-HTC deliver excellent antibacterial properties to the PVDF membranes. Bacterial inhibitive rate of 99.9% against both S. aureus and E. coli is demonstrated in a membrane with 3.0 wt% HBP-HTC. This work provides a new strategy for development of high-efficiency and antibacterial protection products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Zhao
- College of Intelligent Textiles and Materials, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Textile and Garment, Changzhou, 213164, China
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mengxuan Wang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ying Yao
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhongqiu Cheng
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yaxinru Shen
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yufan Zhang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jin Tao
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Department of Textile, Garment and Design, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou, 215500, China
| | - Jiaqing Xiong
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Special Functional Textile Materials, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Textile and Garment, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Desuo Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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7
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Liu H, Lai W, Shi Y, Tian L, Li K, Bian L, Xi Z, Lin B. One-Step Fast Fabrication of Electrospun Fiber Membranes for Efficient Particulate Matter Removal. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:209. [PMID: 38257008 PMCID: PMC10818706 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid social and industrial development has resulted in an increasing demand for fossil fuel energy, which increases particulate matter (PM) pollution. In this study, we employed a simple one-step electrospinning technique to fabricate polysulfone (PSF) fiber membranes for PM filtration. A 0.3 g/mL polymer solution with an N,N-dimethylformamide:tetrahydrofuran volume ratio of 3:1 yielded uniform and bead-free PSF fibers with a diameter of approximately 1.17 μm. The PSF fiber membrane exhibited excellent hydrophobicity and mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 1.14 MPa and an elongation at break of 116.6%. Finally, the PM filtration performance of the PSF fiber membrane was evaluated. The filtration efficiencies of the membrane for PM2.5 and PM1.0 were approximately 99.6% and 99.2%, respectively. The pressure drops were 65.0 and 65.2 Pa, which were significantly lower than those of commercial air filters. Using this technique, PSF fiber membrane filters can be easily fabricated over a large area, which is promising for numerous air filtration systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanliang Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (H.L.); (W.L.); (Y.S.); (L.T.); (K.L.); (L.B.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Wenqing Lai
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (H.L.); (W.L.); (Y.S.); (L.T.); (K.L.); (L.B.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (H.L.); (W.L.); (Y.S.); (L.T.); (K.L.); (L.B.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (H.L.); (W.L.); (Y.S.); (L.T.); (K.L.); (L.B.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Kang Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (H.L.); (W.L.); (Y.S.); (L.T.); (K.L.); (L.B.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Liping Bian
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (H.L.); (W.L.); (Y.S.); (L.T.); (K.L.); (L.B.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Zhuge Xi
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (H.L.); (W.L.); (Y.S.); (L.T.); (K.L.); (L.B.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Bencheng Lin
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; (H.L.); (W.L.); (Y.S.); (L.T.); (K.L.); (L.B.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Lee CH, Kan CW, Lu X. Influence of Electrospinning Parameters on the Morphology of Electrospun Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Fibrous Membranes and Their Application as Potential Air Filtration Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:154. [PMID: 38201819 PMCID: PMC10780722 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A large number of non-degradable materials have severely damaged the ecological environment. Now, people are increasingly pursuing the use of environmentally friendly materials to replace traditional chemical materials. Polyhydroxyalkonates (PHAs) are receiving increasing attention because of the unique biodegradability and biocompatibility they offer. However, the applications of PHAs are still limited due to high production costs and insufficient study. This project examines the optimal electrospinning parameters for the production of PHA-based fibrous membranes for air filtration. A common biodegradable polyester, Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), was electrospun into a nanofibrous membrane with a well-controlled surface microstructure. In order to produce smooth, bead-free fibers with micron-scale diameters, the effect of the process parameters (applied electric field, solution flow rate, inner diameter of hollow needle, and polymer concentration) on the electrospun fiber microstructure was optimized. The well-defined fibrous structure was optimized at an applied electric field of 20 kV, flow rate of 0.5 mL/h, solution concentration of 12 wt.%, and needle inner diameter of 0.21 mm. The morphology of the electrospun PHBV fibrous membrane was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy were used to explore the chemical signatures and phases of the electrospun PHBV nanofiber. The ball burst strength (BBS) was measured to assess the mechanical strength of the membrane. The small pore size of the nanofiber membranes ensured they had good application prospects in the field of air filtration. The particle filtration efficiency (PFE) of the optimized electrospun PHBV fibrous membrane was above 98% at standard atmospheric pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Liu
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Tsing Yi, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yanming Wang
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Tsing Yi, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Cheng-Hao Lee
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Chi-Wai Kan
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Xiaoying Lu
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Tsing Yi, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (Y.W.); (X.L.)
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Ghosh N, De J, Chowdhury AR. Shelf life enhancement technique of Musa acuminata in a controlled environment and optimization of process parameters affecting shelf life using genetic algorithm. J Food Sci 2024; 89:390-403. [PMID: 38010746 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
An economical and effective storage solution has been designed in this work for the storage of postharvest fruits and vegetables. Musa acuminata or banana has a shelf life of 5-6 days in open uncontrolled environment. This article reports a storage solution of M. acuminata in a controlled enclosure containing titanium oxide (TiO2 )-coated inner walls and irradiated with ultraviolet ray of band "C," an air filtration unit, 5% by volume potassium permanganate (KMnO4 ) solution in a clay pot, grow lights, and activated charcoal granules. The same fruit was kept in an uncontrolled environment too. The percentages of dark spots on banana (M. acuminata) upon storage in controlled and uncontrolled environments have been estimated using an image-processing algorithm. The prediction of dark spots was conducted using multi-linear and multivariate polynomial regression. Experimentation with optimum process parameters obtained with genetic algorithm resulted in a shelf life extension of 6 days as compared to its storage in an uncontrolled environment. The setup can be used in vegetable and fruit markets for the extension of shelf life of postharvest perishable items in a compact and cost-effective manner. The setup does not use any refrigeration process thereby decreasing energy requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloy Ghosh
- Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Jhumpa De
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Academy of Technology, Adisaptagram, India
| | - Amit Roy Chowdhury
- Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
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Klaver ZM, Crane RC, Ziemba RA, Bard RL, Adar SD, Brook RD, Morishita M. Reduction of Outdoor and Indoor PM 2.5 Source Contributions via Portable Air Filtration Systems in a Senior Residential Facility in Detroit, Michigan. Toxics 2023; 11:1019. [PMID: 38133420 PMCID: PMC10748160 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11121019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: The Reducing Air Pollution in Detroit Intervention Study (RAPIDS) was designed to evaluate cardiovascular health benefits and personal fine particulate matter (particulate matter < 2.5 μm in diameter, PM2.5) exposure reductions via portable air filtration units (PAFs) among older adults in Detroit, Michigan. This double-blind randomized crossover intervention study has shown that, compared to sham, air filtration for 3 days decreased 3-day average brachial systolic blood pressure by 3.2 mmHg. The results also showed that commercially available HEPA-type and true HEPA PAFs mitigated median indoor PM2.5 concentrations by 58% and 65%, respectively. However, to our knowledge, no health intervention study in which a significant positive health effect was observed has also evaluated how outdoor and indoor PM2.5 sources impacted the subjects. With that in mind, detailed characterization of outdoor and indoor PM2.5 samples collected during this study and a source apportionment analysis of those samples using a positive matrix factorization model were completed. The aims of this most recent work were to characterize the indoor and outdoor sources of the PM2.5 this community was exposed to and to assess how effectively commercially available HEPA-type and true HEPA PAFs were able to reduce indoor and outdoor PM2.5 source contributions. Methods: Approximately 24 h daily indoor and outdoor PM2.5 samples were collected on Teflon and Quartz filters from the apartments of 40 study subjects during each 3-day intervention period. These filters were analyzed for mass, carbon, and trace elements. Environmental Protection Agency Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) 5.0 was utilized to determine major emission sources that contributed to the outdoor and indoor PM2.5 levels during this study. Results: The major sources of outdoor PM2.5 were secondary aerosols (28%), traffic/urban dust (24%), iron/steel industries (15%), sewage/municipal incineration (10%), and oil combustion/refinery (6%). The major sources of indoor PM2.5 were organic compounds (45%), traffic + sewage/municipal incineration (14%), secondary aerosols (13%), smoking (7%), and urban dust (2%). Infiltration of outdoor PM2.5 for sham, HEPA-type, and true HEPA air filtration was 79 ± 24%, 61 ± 32%, and 51 ± 34%, respectively. Conclusions: The results from our study showed that intervention with PAFs was able to significantly decrease indoor PM2.5 derived from outdoor and indoor PM2.5 sources. The PAFs were also able to significantly reduce the infiltration of outdoor PM2.5. The results of this study provide insights into what types of major PM2.5 sources this community is exposed to and what degree of air quality and systolic blood pressure improvements are possible through the use of commercially available PAFs in a real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M. Klaver
- Exposure Science Lab, Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Ryan C. Crane
- Exposure Science Lab, Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | - Robert L. Bard
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sara D. Adar
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Robert D. Brook
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Masako Morishita
- Exposure Science Lab, Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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11
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Liang C, Li J, Chen Y, Ke L, Zhu J, Zheng L, Li XP, Zhang S, Li H, Zhong GJ, Xu H. Self-Charging, Breathable, and Antibacterial Poly(lactic acid) Nanofibrous Air Filters by Surface Engineering of Ultrasmall Electroactive Nanohybrids. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 38048182 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great promise in the development of biodegradable and ecofriendly air filters by electrospinning of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibrous membranes (NFMs), the as-electrospun PLA nanofibers are generally characterized by poor electroactivity and smooth surface, challenging the exploitation of electrostatic adsorption and physical interception that are in need for efficient removal of pathogens and particulate matters (PMs). Herein, a combined "electrospinning-electrospray" strategy was disclosed to functionalize the PLA nanofibers by direct anchoring of highly dielectric BaTiO3@ZIF-8 nanohybrids (BTO@ZIF-8), conferring simultaneous promotion of surface roughness, electret properties (surface potential as high as 7.5 kV), and self-charging capability (∼190% increase in tribo-output voltage compared to that of pure PLA). Benefiting from the well-tailored morphology and increased electroactivity, the electrospun-electrosprayed PLA/BTO@ZIF-8 exhibited excellent PM-capturing performance (up to 96.54% for PM0.3 and 99.49% for PM2.5) while providing desirable air resistance (only 87 Pa at 32 L/min) due primarily to the slip flow of air molecules over the nanohybrid protrusions. This was accompanied by excellent antibacterial properties (99.9% inhibition against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli), arising presumably from the synergistic effects of enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, plentiful ion release, and surface charges. Our proposed strategy opens up pathways to afford exceptional combination of high-efficiency and low-resistance filtration, excellent antibacterial performance, and mechanical robustness without sacrificing the biodegradation profiles of PLA NFMs, holding potential implications for efficient and long-term healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Liang
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yuyang Chen
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Lv Ke
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jintuo Zhu
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Lina Zheng
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Heguo Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Gan-Ji Zhong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, China
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12
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Yang M, Gong X, Wang S, Tian Y, Yin X, Wang X, Yu J, Zhang S, Ding B. Two-Dimensional Nanofibrous Networks by Superspreading-Based Phase Inversion for High-Efficiency Separation. Nano Lett 2023; 23:10579-10586. [PMID: 37934045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have been widely applied as building blocks of nanoporous materials for high-precision separations. However, most existing 2D nanomaterials suffer from poor continuity and a lack of interior linking, resulting in deteriorated performance when assembled into macroscopic bulk structures. Here, a unique superspreading-based phase inversion technique is proposed to directly construct 2D nanofibrous networks (NFNs) from a polymer solution. By tailoring capillary behavior, polymer solution droplets evolve into ultrathin liquid films through superspreading; manipulating phase instability, subsequently, enables the liquid film to phase invert into continuous nanostructured networks. The assembled single-layered NFNs possess integrated structural superiorities of 1D nanoscale fiber diameter (∼40 nm) and 2D lateral infinity, exhibiting a weblike nanoarchitecture with extremely small through-pores (∼100 nm). Our NFNs show remarkable performances in air filtration (PM0.3 removal) and water purification (microfiltration level). This creation of such attractive 2D fibrous nanomaterials can pave the way for versatile high-performance separation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaobao Gong
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Sai Wang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yucheng Tian
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xia Yin
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xianfeng Wang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shichao Zhang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bin Ding
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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13
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McPhaul KM. New Guidance From CDC: Pay Attention to Ventilation. Workplace Health Saf 2023; 71:551. [PMID: 37800318 DOI: 10.1177/21650799231204044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
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14
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Saravanan P, Broccolo F, Ali N, Toh A, Mulyana S, Beng GL, Imperi E, Picano A. A new aerodynamic endonasal filtration technology for protection against pollutants and respiratory infectious agents: evaluation of the particle filtration efficacy. Front Med Technol 2023; 5:1219996. [PMID: 37546386 PMCID: PMC10401429 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2023.1219996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An innovative nasal filter was tested, based on aerodynamic air filtration and not on conventional air filtration by means of mesh filters. A custom testing system was designed and three sizes of the filter have been tested vs. monodispersed SiO2 particles sized 5 μm, 1 μm, and 0.5 μm under cycling flow of 6 liters per minute, provided by an artificial lung breather simulating spontaneous breathing. Accelerated testing was implemented, challenging filters with a maximum load of 200 mg per cubic meter. All three filters' sizes showed initial filtration efficiencies above 90% vs. all particles' sizes, decreased to not less than 80% after 30 min of accelerated testing, corresponding to 4.5 days of continuous use at 2 mg challenge, this value being associated with hazardous air conditions in the PSI scale. Results in this study indicate that nasal filters based on aerodynamic air filtration can provide fine and ultrafine filtration, offering protection in day-to-day life from risks associated with pollens, mites, PM, pollutants, and respiratory infectious agents, introducing acceptable respiratory resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Broccolo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Nurshahidah Ali
- School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alden Toh
- School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sakinah Mulyana
- School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Goh Lay Beng
- School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Wittkopp S, Anastasiou E, Hu J, Liu M, Langford AT, Brook RD, Gordon T, Thorpe LE, Newman JD. Portable Air Cleaners and Home Systolic Blood Pressure in Adults With Hypertension Living in New York City Public Housing. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029697. [PMID: 37382099 PMCID: PMC10356071 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.029697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharine Wittkopp
- Leon H. Charney Division of CardiologyNew York University, Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Elle Anastasiou
- Department of Population HealthNew York University, Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Jiyuan Hu
- Division of BiostatisticsNew York University, Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Mengling Liu
- Division of BiostatisticsNew York University, Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Aisha T. Langford
- Department of Population HealthNew York University, Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Robert D. Brook
- Division of Cardiovascular DiseasesWayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSA
| | - Terry Gordon
- Department of Environmental MedicineNew York University, Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Lorna E. Thorpe
- Department of Population HealthNew York University, Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Jonathan D. Newman
- Leon H. Charney Division of CardiologyNew York University, Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
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16
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Ke L, Yang T, Liang C, Guan X, Li T, Jiao Y, Tang D, Huang D, Li S, Zhang S, He X, Xu H. Electroactive, Antibacterial, and Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid) Nanofibrous Air Filters for Healthcare. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37378641 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) hold great potential in the field of biodegradable filters for air purification but are largely limited by the relatively low electret properties and high susceptibility to bacteria. Herein, we disclosed a facile approach to the fabrication of electroactive and antibacterial PLA NFMs impregnated with a highly dielectric photocatalyst. In particular, the microwave-assisted doping (MAD) protocol was employed to yield Zn-doped titanium dioxide (Zn-TIO), featuring the well-defined anatase phase, a uniform size of ∼65 nm, and decreased band gap (3.0 eV). The incorporation of Zn-TIO (2, 6, and 10 wt %) into PLA gave rise to a significant refinement of the electrospun nanofibers, decreasing from the highest diameter of 581 nm for pure PLA to the lowest value of 264 nm. More importantly, dramatical improvements in the dielectric constants, surface potential, and electret properties were simultaneously achieved for the composite NFMs, as exemplified by a nearly 94% increase in surface potential for 3-day-aged PLA/Zn-TIO (90/10) compared with that of pure PLA. The well regulation of morphological features and promotion of electroactivity contributed to a distinct increase in the air filtration performance, as demonstrated by 98.7% filtration of PM0.3 with the highest quality factor of 0.032 Pa-1 at the airflow velocity of 32 L/min for PLA/Zn-TIO (94/6), largely surpassing pure PLA (89.4%, 0.011 Pa-1). Benefiting from the effective generation of reactive radicals and gradual release of Zn2+ by Zn-TIO, the electroactive PLA NFMs were ready to profoundly inactivate Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The exceptional combination of remarkable electret properties and excellent antibacterial performance makes the PLA membrane filters promising for healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lv Ke
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Ting Yang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Chenyu Liang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xin Guan
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Daoyuan Tang
- Anhui Sentai WPC Group Share Co., Ltd., Guangde 242299, China
| | - Donghui Huang
- Anhui Sentai WPC Group Share Co., Ltd., Guangde 242299, China
| | - Shihang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coal-based Greenhouse Gas Control and Utilization, Carbon Neutrality Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xinjian He
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
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17
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Hu R, Huang Q, Liu G, Jiao W, Yang Q, Wang X, Yu J, Ding B. Polylactic Acid/Calcium Stearate Hydrocharging Melt-Blown Nonwoven Fabrics for Respirator Applications. ACS Appl Polym Mater 2023; 5:4372-4379. [PMID: 37552710 PMCID: PMC10231341 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.3c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-biodegradable polypropylene, which poses a serious threat to the environment, is the most utilized material in air filtration systems. Moreover, under conditions of high temperature and high humidity, the electrostatic charge in melt-blown nonwoven fabrics treated with traditional corona electrets will quickly dissipate. Here, biodegradable polylactic acid, calcium stearate, and an innovative hydrocharging technique are reported to develop environmentally friendly polylactic acid/calcium stearate hydrocharging melt-blown nonwoven fabrics with high charge stability. Compared with polylactic acid melt-blown nonwoven fabrics, the crystallization structure and charge storage of polylactic acid/calcium stearate melt-blown nonwoven fabrics have been greatly improved due to the presence of calcium stearate. In PM0.3, it exhibited a high filtration efficiency (96.78%), a low pressure drop (65.20 Pa), and a good quality factor (0.053 Pa-1), which can meet the N95 respirator standard. Furthermore, it is worth mentioning that the filtration performance remained at a high level (>95.00%) after 2 months. Importantly, based on the test and analysis of surface electrostatic potential, crystallization, and charge storage and distribution, we proposed plausible charge generation and stable storage mechanisms. It demonstrated more potential for electret air filtration and smart respirators as the further possible step of research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wenling Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of
Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai
201620, China
| | - Qi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of
Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai
201620, China
| | - Xianfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of
Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai
201620, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of
Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai
201620, China
| | - Bin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of
Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai
201620, China
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18
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Li X, Zhu G, Tang M, Li T, Wang C, Song X, Zhang S, Zhu J, He X, Hakkarainen M, Xu H. Biodegradable MOFilters for Effective Air Filtration and Sterilization by Coupling MOF Functionalization and Mechanical Polarization of Fibrous Poly(lactic acid). ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37246929 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
High-performance air filtration materials are important for addressing the airborne pollutants. Herein, we propose an unprecedented access to biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based MOFilters with excellent filtering performance and antibacterial activity. The fabrication involved a stepwise in situ growth of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) crystals at the surface of microfibrous PLA membranes, followed by mechanical polarization under high pressure and low temperature (5 MPa, 40 °C) to trigger the ordered alignment of dipoles in PLA chains and ZIF-8. The unique structural features allowed these PLA-based MOFilters to achieve an exceptional combination of excellent tensile properties, high dielectric constant (up to 2.4 F/m), and enhanced surface potential as high as 4 kV. Arising from the remarkable surface activity and electrostatic adsorption effect, a significant increase (from over 12% to nearly 20%) in PM0.3 filtration efficiency was observed for the PLA-based MOFilters compared to that of pure PLA counterparts, with weak relation to the airflow velocities (10-85 L/min). Moreover, the air resistance was controlled at a considerably low level for all the MOFilters, that is, below 183 Pa even at 85 L/min. It is worth noting that distinct antibacterial properties were achieved for the MOFilters, as illustrated by the inhibitive rates of 87 and 100% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The proposed concept of PLA-based MOFilters offers unprecedented multifunction integration, which may fuel the development of biodegradable versatile filters with high capturing and antibacterial performances yet desirable manufacturing feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Guiying Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Mengke Tang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Cunmin Wang
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xinyi Song
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jintuo Zhu
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Xinjian He
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 10044, Sweden
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
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19
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Tang M, Jiang L, Wang C, Li X, He X, Li Y, Liu C, Wang Y, Gao J, Xu H. Bioelectrets in Electrospun Bimodal Poly(lactic acid) Fibers: Realization of Multiple Mechanisms for Efficient and Long-Term Filtration of Fine PMs. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37192220 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great potential in fabrication of biodegradable and eco-friendly air filters by electrospinning poly(lactic acid) (PLA) membranes, the filtering performance is frequently dwarfed by inadequate physical sieving or electrostatic adsorption mechanisms to capture airborne particulate matters (PMs). Here, using the parallel spinning approach, the unique micro/nanoscale architecture was established by conjugation of neighboring PLA nanofibers, creating bimodal fibers in electrospun PLA membranes for the enhanced slip effect to significantly reduce the air resistance. Moreover, the bone-like nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bioelectret (HABE) was exploited to enhance the dielectric and polarization properties of electrospun PLA, accompanied by the controlled generation of junctions induced by the microaggregation of HABE (10-30 wt %). The incorporated HABE was supposed to orderly align in the applied E-field and largely promote the charging capability and surface potential, gradually increasing to 7.2 kV from the lowest level of 2.5 kV for pure PLA. This was mainly attributed to HABE-induced orientation of PLA backbone chains and C═O dipoles, as well as the interfacial charges trapped at the interphases of HABE-PLA and crystalline region-amorphous PLA. Given the multiple capturing mechanisms, the micro/nanostructured PLA/HABE membranes were characterized by excellent and sustainable filtering performance, e.g., the filtration efficiency of PM0.3 was promoted from 59.38% for pure PLA to 94.38% after addition of 30 wt % HABE at a moderate airflow capacity of 32 L/min and from 30.78 to 83.75% at the highest level of 85 L/min. It is of interest that the pressure drop was significantly decreased, mainly arising from the slip effect between the ultrafine nanofibers and conjugated microfibers. The proposed combination of the nanostructured electret and the multistructuring strategy offers the function integration of efficient filtration and low resistance that are highly useful to pursue fully biodegradable filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Tang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Liang Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Cunmin Wang
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xinjian He
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yichen Li
- Dulwich International High School Suzhou, Suzhou 215021, China
| | - Changhui Liu
- School of Low-Carbon Energy and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jiefeng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 272100, China
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
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20
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Liu X, Jiang D, Qin Y, Zhang Z, Yuan M. ZnO-PLLA/PLLA Preparation and Application in Air Filtration by Electrospinning Technology. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081906. [PMID: 37112053 PMCID: PMC10146834 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing environmental pollution caused by disposable masks, it is crucial to develop new degradable filtration materials for medical masks. ZnO-PLLA/PLLA (L-lactide) copolymers prepared from nano ZnO and L-lactide were used to prepare fiber films for air filtration by electrospinning technology. Structural characterization of ZnO-PLLA by H-NMR, XPS, and XRD demonstrated that ZnO was successfully grafted onto PLLA. An L9(43) standard orthogonal array was employed to evaluate the effects of the ZnO-PLLA concentration, ZnO-PLLA/PLLA content, DCM(dichloromethane) to DMF(N,N-dimethylformamide) ratio, and spinning time on the air filtration capacity of ZnO-PLLA/PLLA nanofiber films. It is noteworthy that the introduction of ZnO is important for the enhancement of the quality factor (QF). The optimal group obtained was sample No. 7, where the QF was 0.1403 Pa-1, the particle filtration efficiency (PFE) was 98.3%, the bacteria filtration efficiency (BFE) was 98.42%, and the airflow resistance (Δp) was 29.2 Pa. Therefore, the as-prepared ZnO-PLLA/PLLA film has potential for the development of degradable masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Liu
- Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Dengbang Jiang
- Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yuyue Qin
- Institute of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650550, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mingwei Yuan
- Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China
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Abstract
Ceramic nanofibrous nanostructure-based sponges have attracted significant attention due to ultrahigh porosity, low thermal conductivity, large specific area, and chemical stability. From the regulation of the fiber itself to the construction method of 3D networks, efforts are being made to improve the mechanical properties of ceramic sponges for practical applications. So far resilient compressibility has been realized in ceramic nanofibrous-based sponges via structural design, but they still show brittle fracture under a more complex stress state. Herein, we introduced a highly aligned and interwoven Si3N4 nanofiber sponge, which exhibits superflexibility, large break elongation (>80%), large-strain reversible stretch (20%), and good resistance to tensile fatigue. The ceramic sponge also displays reversible compressibility up to 60% strain, puncture resistance, high air filtration efficiency (>99.8%), and low pressure drop (38% of cotton fiber), making the ceramic sponge a high-performance wearable respirator to protect us from harm due to PM2.5 pollution and possible microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lingbin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Haotian Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - De Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lei Su
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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Yan G, Yang Z, Li J, Li H, Wei J, Shi L, Li Z, Chen J, Wang L, Wu Y. Multi-Unit Needleless Electrospinning for One-Step Construction of 3D Waterproof MF-PVA Nanofibrous Membranes as High-Performance Air Filters. Small 2023; 19:e2206403. [PMID: 36504361 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The airborne particulate matter (PM) seriously threatens people's health. Personal protective equipment with electrospun nanofibers is an effective method to make people away from air pollutants. Herein, 3D waterproof melamine-formaldehyde polyvinyl alcohol (MF-PVA) nanofibrous membranes are fabricated by a one-step method combining multi-unit needleless electrospinning and a thermal treatment device in a line. 3D nanofibrous structures can be controlled by adjusting the solution concentration of each unit. The PVA nanofibrous membranes become waterproof after cross-linking with MF resin in the following thermal treatment device. The optimized MF-PVA nanofibrous membrane shows excellent air filtration performance (97.3% for PM0.3 , 100% for PM1.0 , and 100% for PM2.5 ) and low air resistance (76 Pa). These 3D waterproof MF-PVA nanofibrous membranes exhibit ultra-stable performance in various practical environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilong Yan
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Zihao Yang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Han Li
- Institute of Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Jiabing Wei
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Letian Shi
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Big Health and Intelligent Engineering, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Yuanpeng Wu
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
- Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
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Pujari A, Chauhan D, Chitranshi M, Hudepohl R, Kubley A, Shanov V, Schulz M. Carbon Hybrid Materials-Design, Manufacturing, and Applications. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:431. [PMID: 36770392 PMCID: PMC9921036 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have extraordinary properties and are used for applications in various fields of engineering and research. Due to their unique combination of properties, such as good electrical and thermal conductivity and mechanical strength, there is an increasing demand to produce CNTs with enhanced and customized properties. CNTs are produced using different synthesis methods and have extraordinary properties individually at the nanotube scale. However, it is challenging to achieve these properties when CNTs are used to form macroscopic sheets, tapes, and yarns. To further improve the properties of macroscale forms of CNTs, various types of nanoparticles and microfibers can be integrated into the CNT materials. The nanoparticles and microfibers can be chosen to selectively enhance the properties of CNT materials at the macroscopic level. In this paper, we propose a technique to manufacture carbon hybrid materials (CHMs) by combining CNT non-woven fabric (in the form of sheets or tapes) with microfibers to form CNT-CF hybrid materials with new/improved properties. CHMs are formed by integrating or adding nanoparticles, microparticles, or fibers into the CNT sheet. The additive materials can be incorporated into the synthesis process from the inlet or the outlet of the reactor system. This paper focuses on CHMs produced using the gas phase pyrolysis method with microparticles/fibers integrated at the outlet of the reactor and continuous microfiber tapes integrated into the CNT sheet at the outlet using a tape feeding machine. After synthesis, characterizations such as microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were used to study the morphology and composition of the CNTs, and examples for potential applications are discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuptha Pujari
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Devika Chauhan
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Megha Chitranshi
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Ronald Hudepohl
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Ashley Kubley
- College of Design, Art, Architecture, and Planning, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Vesselin Shanov
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Mark Schulz
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
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24
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Havas KA, Brands L, Cochrane R, Spronk GD, Nerem J, Dee SA. An assessment of enhanced biosecurity interventions and their impact on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus outbreaks within a managed group of farrow-to-wean farms, 2020-2021. Front Vet Sci 2023; 9:952383. [PMID: 36713879 PMCID: PMC9879578 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.952383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been a challenge for the U.S. swine industry for over 30 years, costing producers more than $600 million annually through reproductive disease in sows and respiratory disease in growing pigs. In this study, the impact of enhanced biosecurity practices of site location, air filtration, and feed mitigation was assessed on farrow-to-wean sites managed by a large swine production management company in the Midwest United States. Those three factors varied in the system that otherwise had implemented a stringent biosecurity protocol on farrow-to-wean sites. The routine biosecurity followed commonplace activities for farrow-to-wean sites that included but were not limited to visitor registration, transport disinfection, shower-in/shower-out procedures, and decontamination and disinfection of delivered items and were audited. Methods Logistic regression was used to evaluate PRRSV infection by site based on the state where the site is located and air filtration use while controlling for other variables such as vaccine status, herd size, and pen vs. stall. A descriptive analysis was used to evaluate the impact of feed mitigation stratified by air filtration use. Results Sites that used feed mitigates as additives in the diets, air filtration of barns, and that were in less swine-dense areas appeared to experience fewer outbreaks associated with PRRSV infection. Specifically, 23.1% of farms that utilized a feed mitigation program experienced PRRSV outbreaks, in contrast to 100% of those that did not. Sites that did not use air filtration had 20 times greater odds of having a PRRSV outbreak. The strongest protective effect was found when both air filtration and feed mitigation were used. Locations outside of Minnesota and Iowa had 98.5-99% lesser odds of infection as well. Discussion Enhanced biosecurity practices may yield significant protective effects and should be considered for producers in swine-dense areas or when the site contains valuable genetics or many pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyn A. Havas
- Pipestone Research, Pipestone Holdings, Pipestone, MN, United States,*Correspondence: Karyn A. Havas ✉
| | - Lisa Brands
- Pipestone Research, Pipestone Holdings, Pipestone, MN, United States
| | - Roger Cochrane
- Pipestone Nutrition, Pipestone Holdings, Pipestone, MN, United States
| | - Gordon D. Spronk
- Pipestone Veterinary Services, Pipestone Holdings, Pipestone, MN, United States
| | - Joel Nerem
- Pipestone Veterinary Services, Pipestone Holdings, Pipestone, MN, United States
| | - Scott A. Dee
- Pipestone Research, Pipestone Holdings, Pipestone, MN, United States
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25
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Zhang X, Xu Y, Zeng Y. Efficient, Breathable and Biodegradable Filter Media for Face Masks. Fibers Polym 2023; 24:1613-1621. [PMCID: PMC10071238 DOI: 10.1007/s12221-023-00178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The global outbreak of COVID-19 results in the surge of disposable sanitary supplies, especially personal protective face masks. However, the charge dissipation of the electret meltblown nonwovens, which predominate in the commercial face mask filters, confines the durability and safety of commercial face masks. Furthermore, most of the face masks are made from nondegradable materials (such as PP) or part of their degradation products are toxic and contaminative to the environment. Herein, a type of face mask with biodegradable and highly effective PLA bi-layer complex fibrous membrane as filter core is reported. The prepared PLA complex membrane possesses a high-filtration efficiency of 99.1% for PM0.3 while providing a favorable pressure drop of 93.2 Pa. With the PLA complex membrane as the filter core, our face mask exhibits comparable or even higher wearability to commercial face masks, which further manifests our designed PLA complex membrane a promising filter media for face masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhang
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Yuanqiang Xu
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Yongchun Zeng
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
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26
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Beckman IP, Berry G, Cho H, Riveros G. Alternative High-Performance Fibers for Nonwoven HEPA Filter Media. Aerosol Sci Eng 2023; 7:36-58. [PMCID: PMC9579614 DOI: 10.1007/s41810-022-00161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Continual research, development, and advancement in air filtration technology is important to abate the ever increasing health hazards of air pollution and global pandemics. The purpose of this review is to survey, categorize, and compare mechanical and thermal characteristics of fibers to assess their potential applicability in air filter media. The history of high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter development explains how we arrived at the current state of the art nonwoven fibrous borosilicate glass filter paper. This review explores the history and practical uses of particular fiber types and explains fiber production methods in general terms. The thermal and mechanical properties of particular fibers are examined using the codes and standards produced by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) to generalize the applicability of fiber categories for HEPA filter units within the nuclear air cleaning industry. This review discusses common measurements for specific strength and tenacity used by the textile and construction industries. Particular fibers are selectively compared for density, tensile strength, tensile stiffness, flexural rigidity, moisture regain, decomposition temperature, and thermal expansion. This review concludes with a subjective assessment of which types of fibers may be appropriate to study for HEPA filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan P. Beckman
- Information Technology Laboratory, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA
- Institute for Clean Energy Technology, Mississippi State University, 205 Research Blvd., Starkville, MS 39759 USA
| | - Gentry Berry
- Institute for Clean Energy Technology, Mississippi State University, 205 Research Blvd., Starkville, MS 39759 USA
| | - Heejin Cho
- Institute for Clean Energy Technology, Mississippi State University, 205 Research Blvd., Starkville, MS 39759 USA
| | - Guillermo Riveros
- Information Technology Laboratory, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA
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27
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Muniz NO, Gabut S, Maton M, Odou P, Vialette M, Pinon A, Neut C, Tabary N, Blanchemain N, Martel B. Electrospun Filtering Membrane Designed as Component of Self-Decontaminating Protective Masks. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 13:9. [PMID: 36615926 PMCID: PMC9823851 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The 2019 coronavirus outbreak and worsening air pollution have triggered the search for manufacturing effective protective masks preventing both particulate matter and biohazard absorption through the respiratory tract. Therefore, the design of advanced filtering textiles combining efficient physical barrier properties with antimicrobial properties is more newsworthy than ever. The objective of this work was to produce a filtering electrospun membrane incorporating a biocidal agent that would offer both optimal filtration efficiency and fast deactivation of entrapped viruses and bacteria. After the eco-friendly electrospinning process, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers were stabilized by crosslinking with 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA). To compensate their low mechanical properties, nanofiber membranes with variable grammages were directly electrospun on a meltblown polypropylene (PP) support of 30 g/m2. The results demonstrated that nanofibers supported on PP with a grammage of around only 2 g/m2 presented the best compromise between filtration efficiencies of PM0.3, PM0.5, and PM3.0 and the pressure drop. The filtering electrospun membranes loaded with benzalkonium chloride (ADBAC) as a biocidal agent were successfully tested against E. coli and S. aureus and against human coronavirus strain HCoV-229E. This new biocidal filter based on electrospun nanofibers supported on PP nonwoven fabric could be a promising solution for personal and collective protection in a pandemic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Oderich Muniz
- UMET—Unité Matériaux et Transformations, University of Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207, 59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Sarah Gabut
- UMET—Unité Matériaux et Transformations, University of Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207, 59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Mickael Maton
- University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008—Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Pascal Odou
- ULR 7365—GRITA—Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, University of Lille, CHU Lille F-59000, 59006 Lille, France
| | - Michèle Vialette
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Unité de Sécurité Microbiologique, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Anthony Pinon
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Unité de Sécurité Microbiologique, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Christel Neut
- Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1286, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Tabary
- UMET—Unité Matériaux et Transformations, University of Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207, 59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Nicolas Blanchemain
- University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008—Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Bernard Martel
- UMET—Unité Matériaux et Transformations, University of Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207, 59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
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28
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Chitranshi M, Chen DR, Kosel P, Cahay M, Schulz M. Flexible and Lightweight Carbon Nanotube Composite Filter for Particulate Matter Air Filtration. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:4094. [PMID: 36432378 PMCID: PMC9695831 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Particulate Matter (PM) has become an important source of air pollution. We proposed a flexible and lightweight carbon nanotube (CNT) composite air filter for PM removal. The developed CNT filtering layers were fabricated using a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FC-CVD) synthesis process and then combined with conventional filter fabrics to make a composite air filter. Filtration performance for CNT filtering layer alone and composited with other conventional filter fabrics for particles size 0.3 μm to 2.5 μm was investigated in this study. The CNT composite filter is highly hydrophobic, making it suitable for humid environments. The CNT composite filter with two layers of tissue CNT performed best and achieved a filtration efficiency over 90% with a modest pressure drop of ~290 Pa for a particle size of 2.5 μm. This CNT composite filter was tested over multiple cycles to ensure its reusability. The developed filter is very light weight and flexible and can be incorporated into textiles for wearable applications or used as a room filter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Chitranshi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Daniel Rui Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Peter Kosel
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Marc Cahay
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Mark Schulz
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
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29
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Hua Y, Cui W, Ji Z, Wang X, Wu Z, Liu Y, Li Y. Binary Polyamide-Imide Fibrous Superelastic Aerogels for Fire-Retardant and High-Temperature Air Filtration. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224933. [PMID: 36433061 PMCID: PMC9692261 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrous air filtration materials are highly desirable for particle removal from high-temperature emission sources. However, the existing commercial filter materials suffer from either low filtration efficiency or high pressure drop, due to the difficulty in achieving small fiber diameter and high porosity simultaneously. Herein, we report a facile strategy to fabricate mechanical robust fibrous aerogels by using dual-scale sized PAI/BMI filaments and fibers, which are derived from wet spinning and electrospinning technologies, respectively. The creativity of this design is that PAI/BMI filaments can serve as the enhancing skeleton and PAI/BMI fibers can assemble into high-porosity interconnected networks, enabling the improvement of both mechanical property and air filtration performance. The resultant dual-scale sized PAI/PBMI fibrous aerogels show a compressive stress of 8.36 MPa, a high filtration efficiency of 90.78% (particle diameter of 2.5 μm); for particle diameter over 5 μm, they have 99.99% ultra-high filtration efficiency, a low pressure drop of 20 Pa, and high QF of 0.12 Pa-1, as well as thermostable and fire-retardant properties (thermal decomposition temperature up to 342.7 °C). The successive fabrication of this material is of great significance for the govern of industrial dust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhen Hua
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Wang Cui
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Zekai Ji
- Nantong Bolian Material Technology Co., Ltd., Nantong 226010, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yuyao Li
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Correspondence:
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30
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Holder AL, Halliday HS, Virtaranta L. Impact of do-it-yourself air cleaner design on the reduction of simulated wildfire smoke in a controlled chamber environment. Indoor Air 2022; 32:e13163. [PMID: 36437679 PMCID: PMC9828579 DOI: 10.1111/ina.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During wildfire smoke events public health agencies release advisories to stay indoors, close doors and windows, and operate a portable air cleaner (PAC). The do-it-yourself (DIY) air cleaner consisting of a box fan and a furnace filter is a widely used low-cost alternative to commercial PACs because of its increased accessibility. In this study, we evaluate the clean air delivery rate (CADR) of different DIY air cleaner designs for reducing simulated wildfire smoke and identify operating parameters that may impact their performance and use. The simplest formulation of a DIY air cleaner (box fan with taped on minimum effectiveness reporting value - [MERV] 13 furnace filter) had a CADR of 111.2 ± 1.3 ft3 /min (CFM). Increasing the fan flow by changing the fan type, increasing the fan setting, or reducing the pressure drop across the filtering surface increased the CADR. Large increases in CADR could be obtained by using a shroud (40%), using a 4″ thick filter (123%) using two filters in a wedge shape (137%), or using four filters in a Corsi-Rosenthal (CR) box design (261%). The CADR was greatly reduced with filters heavily loaded with smoke, pointing to the need for frequent filter changes during smoke events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amara L. Holder
- Office of Research and DevelopmentU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Hannah S. Halliday
- Office of Research and DevelopmentU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Larry Virtaranta
- Jacobs Technology InternationalResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
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31
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Conway Morris A, Sharrocks K, Bousfield R, Kermack L, Maes M, Higginson E, Forrest S, Pereira-Dias J, Cormie C, Old T, Brooks S, Hamed I, Koenig A, Turner A, White P, Floto RA, Dougan G, Gkrania-Klotsas E, Gouliouris T, Baker S, Navapurkar V. The Removal of Airborne Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Other Microbial Bioaerosols by Air Filtration on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Surge Units. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:e97-e101. [PMID: 34718446 PMCID: PMC8689842 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Airborne severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was detected in a coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) ward before activation of HEPA-air filtration but not during filter operation; SARS-CoV-2 was again detected following filter deactivation. Airborne SARS-CoV-2 was infrequently detected in a COVID-19 intensive care unit. Bioaerosol was also effectively filtered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Conway Morris
- The John Farman ICU, Cambridge University Hospitals, National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Sharrocks
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Bousfield
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leanne Kermack
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mailis Maes
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen Higginson
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Forrest
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joana Pereira-Dias
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Cormie
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Old
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Brooks
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Islam Hamed
- The John Farman ICU, Cambridge University Hospitals, National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alicia Koenig
- The John Farman ICU, Cambridge University Hospitals, National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Turner
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul White
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Medical Technology Research Centre and School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom
| | - R Andres Floto
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, MRC-Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Dougan
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Theodore Gouliouris
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Baker
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vilas Navapurkar
- The John Farman ICU, Cambridge University Hospitals, National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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32
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Wang H, Bao Y, Yang X, Lan X, Guo J, Pan Y, Huang W, Tang L, Luo Z, Zhou B, Yao J, Chen X. Study on Filtration Performance of PVDF/PUL Composite Air Filtration Membrane Based on Far-Field Electrospinning. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163294. [PMID: 36015550 PMCID: PMC9414131 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, the situation of air pollution is still serious, and research on air filtration is still crucial. For the nanofiber air filtration membrane, the diameter, porosity, tensile strength, and hydrophilicity of the nanofiber will affect the filtration performance and stability. In this paper, based on the far-field electrospinning process and the performance effect mechanism of the stacked structure fiber membrane, nanofiber membrane was prepared by selecting the environmental protection, degradable and pollution-free natural polysaccharide biopolymer pullulan, and polyvinylidene fluoride polymer with strong hydrophobicity and high impact strength. By combining two kinds of fiber membranes with different fiber diameter and porosity, a three-layer composite nanofiber membrane with better hydrophobicity, higher tensile strength, smaller fiber diameter, and better filtration performance was prepared. Performance characterization showed that this three-layer composite nanofiber membrane had excellent air permeability and filtration efficiency, and the filtration efficiency of particles above PM 2.5 reached 99.9%. This study also provides important reference values for the preparation of high-efficiency composite nanofiber filtration membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiliang Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiuding Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xingzi Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiliang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Foshan Nanofiberlabs Co., Ltd., Foshan 528225, China
| | - Weimin Huang
- School of Mechanics and Astronautics, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Linjun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhifeng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingsong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence:
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33
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Shao Z, Chen Y, Jiang J, Xiao Y, Kang G, Wang X, Li W, Zheng G. Multistage-Split Ultrafine Fluffy Nanofibrous Membrane for High-Efficiency Antibacterial Air Filtration. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:18989-19001. [PMID: 35436100 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial air filtration membranes are essential for personal protection during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, high-efficiency filtration with low pressure drop and effective antibiosis is difficult to achieve. To solve this problem, an innovative electrospinning system with low binding energy and high conductivity was built to enhance the jet splitting, and a fluffy nanofibrous membrane containing numerous ultrafine nanofibers and large quantities of antibacterial agents was achieved, which was fabricated by electrospinning polyamide 6 (PA6), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), chitosan (CS), and curcumin (Cur). The filtration efficiency for 0.3 μm NaCl particles was 99.83%, the pressure drop was 54 Pa, and the quality factor (QF) was up to 0.118 Pa-1. CS and Cur synergistically enhanced the antibacterial performance; the bacteriostatic rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 99.5 and 98.9%, respectively. This work will largely promote the application of natural antibacterial agents in the development of high-efficiency, low-resistance air filters for personal protection by manufacturing ultrafine nanofibers with enhanced antibiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zungui Shao
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jiaxin Jiang
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yujie Xiao
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Guoyi Kang
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Wenwang Li
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Gaofeng Zheng
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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34
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Xuzheng Ji, Jianying Huang, Lin Teng, Shuhui Li, Xiao Li, Weilong Cai, Zhong Chen, Yuekun Lai. Advances in particulate matter filtration: Materials, performance, and application. Green Energy & Environment 2022. [ DOI: 10.1016/j.gee.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Air-borne pollutants in particulate matter (PM) form, produced either physically during industrial processes or certain biological routes, have posed a great threat to human health. Particularly during the current COVID-19 pandemic, effective filtration of the virus is an urgent matter worldwide. In this review, we first introduce some fundamentals about PM, including its source and classification, filtration mechanisms, and evaluation parameters. Advanced filtration materials and their functions are then summarized, among which polymers and MOFs are discussed in detail together with their antibacterial performance. The discussion on the application is divided into end-of-pipe treatment and source control. Finally, we conclude this review with our prospective view on future research in this area.
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35
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Yang Z, Zhang X, Qin Z, Li H, Wang J, Zeng G, Liu C, Long J, Zhao Y, Li Y, Yan G. Airflow Synergistic Needleless Electrospinning of Instant Noodle-like Curly Nanofibrous Membranes for High-Efficiency Air Filtration. Small 2022; 18:e2107250. [PMID: 35166038 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) pollution has become a serious environmental concern. Nanofibrous filters are widely reported to remove PM from polluted air. Herein, efficient and lightweight PM air filters are presented using airflow synergistic needleless electrospinning composed of auxiliary fields such as an airflow field and a secondary inductive electric field. Compared to needleless electrospinning with other spinnerets, it significantly improves productivity, fiber diameter, and porosity of fibrous air filters. The instant noodle-like nanofiber structure can also be controlled by adjusting the airflow velocity. These air filters exhibit high (2.5 μm particulate matter) PM2.5 removal efficiency (99.9%) and high (0.3 μm particulate matter) PM0.3 removal efficiency (99.1%), low pressure drop (56 Pa for PM2.5 and 78 Pa for PM0.3 ), and large dust holding capacitance (the maximum value is 168 g m-2 for PM2.5 , while 102 g m-2 for PM0.3 ). Meanwhile, the proposed PM filters are also tested suitable and stable to other polluted air filtrations such as cigarette smoke and sawdust. The large-scale synthesis of such an attractive nanofiber structure presents the great potential of high-performance filtration/separation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Yang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, P. R. China
| | - Xunlong Zhang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, P. R. China
| | - Zhikun Qin
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, P. R. China
| | - Han Li
- Institute of Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, P. R. China
| | - Guangyong Zeng
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, P. R. China
| | - Chunhai Liu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Long
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, P. R. China
| | - Yixia Zhao
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong university, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Yafang Li
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong university, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Guilong Yan
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, P. R. China
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36
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Lynggaard C, Bertelsen MF, Jensen CV, Johnson MS, Frøslev TG, Olsen MT, Bohmann K. Airborne environmental DNA for terrestrial vertebrate community monitoring. Curr Biol 2022; 32:701-707.e5. [PMID: 34995490 PMCID: PMC8837273 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biodiversity monitoring at the community scale is a critical element of assessing and studying species distributions, ecology, diversity, and movements, and it is key to understanding and tracking environmental and anthropogenic effects on natural ecosystems.1, 2, 3, 4 Vertebrates in terrestrial ecosystems are experiencing extinctions and declines in both population numbers and sizes due to increasing threats from human activities and environmental change.5, 6, 7, 8 Terrestrial vertebrate monitoring using existing methods is generally costly and laborious, and although environmental DNA (eDNA) is becoming the tool of choice to assess biodiversity, few sample types effectively capture terrestrial vertebrate diversity. We hypothesized that eDNA captured from air could allow straightforward collection and characterization of terrestrial vertebrate communities. We filtered air at three localities in the Copenhagen Zoo: a stable, outside between the outdoor enclosures, and in the Rainforest House. Through metabarcoding of airborne eDNA, we detected 49 vertebrate species spanning 26 orders and 37 families: 30 mammal, 13 bird, 4 fish, 1 amphibian, and 1 reptile species. These spanned animals kept at the zoo, species occurring in the zoo surroundings, and species used as feed in the zoo. The detected species comprise a range of taxonomic orders and families, sizes, behaviors, and abundances. We found shorter distance to the air sampling device and higher animal biomass to increase the probability of detection. We hereby show that airborne eDNA can offer a fundamentally new way of studying and monitoring terrestrial communities. 49 vertebrate species detected through metabarcoding of airborne eDNA from the zoo Detections included 30 mammal, 13 bird, 4 fish, 1 amphibian, and 1 reptile species 6 to 21 vertebrate species were detected per air filtering sample Shorter geographical distance and higher biomass increased probability of detection
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Lynggaard
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Casper V Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthew S Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Airlabs Denmark, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tobias Guldberg Frøslev
- Section for GeoGenetics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Tange Olsen
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristine Bohmann
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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37
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Xu Y, Zhang X, Teng D, Zhao T, Li Y, Zeng Y. Multi-layered micro/nanofibrous nonwovens for functional face mask filter. Nano Res 2022; 15:7549-7558. [PMID: 35578617 PMCID: PMC9094123 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4350-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has led to an attention on the usage of personal protective face masks. However, the longevity and safety of the commercial face masks are limited due to the charge dissipation of the electret meltblown nonwovens, which are dominate in the face mask filters. Herein, we design a type of multi-layer structured nonwovens using meltblowing and electrospinning technologies. The complex nonwovens involving meltblown and electrospun fibers are designed to possess multilevel fiber diameters and pore sizes. The micro/nanofibers with porous and wrinkled surface morphologies can well capture particulate matters (PMs), and the multilevel pore sizes contribute to low air resistance under high filtration efficiency. Airflow field simulation was carried out to understand the pressure distribution within the nonwovens in the filtration process. Meanwhile, by adding Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) as additives, the nonwovens exhibit excellent antibacterial performance. The resultant nonwovens exhibit filtration efficiency of 99.1% for PM0.3 and low pressure drop of 105 Pa under the 10.67 cm/s inlet air velocity, and antibacterial rate of > 99.99% for Escherichia coli. These performances and functions make the designed complex nonwovens a promising filter core for face masks. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material (Fig. S1. The filtration efficiencies of a brand of surgical mask changes with the storage time under the condition of 100% humidity. Fig. S2. The FE-SEM images of the fibers after blocking PMs. Fig. S3. Illustration of 3D structure models of the nonwovens. Fig. S4. Diameter distribution of AgNPs. Table S1. The structure parameters and filtration performances of the PP-M fibers with and without pores and wrinkles. Table S2. Filtration performance of PP-M/PLA-M/PLA-N nonwovens and commercial face masks. Table S3. The structural parameters for the nonwovens. Table S4. The filtration efficiencies and pressure drops of the PP, PE spunbonded nonwovens, and PP-M/PLA-M/PLA-N@AgNPs nonwovens) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-4350-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiang Xu
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Defang Teng
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Tienan Zhao
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Yongchun Zeng
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
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38
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Jumlongkul A. Low-Cost Air Purifier Prototype Using a Ventilating Fan and Pump Against Haze Pollution. Aerosol Sci Eng 2022; 6:391-399. [PMCID: PMC9391203 DOI: 10.1007/s41810-022-00152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to focus on the design and development of low-cost do-it-yourself (DIY) air purifiers, using a ventilating fan, air pump, water pump, and an ultrasonic generator that can be used during the haze pollution. Six types of household air purifiers were fabricated. The amount of particulate matter (PM) and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels were recorded at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 60 min (min), then, repeated 3 times. After 10 min of the 3rd experiment of each study, the last measurement of air pollution would be recorded. The results showed at 60 min, the high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter and electrostatic fiber was the best technique regarding reduction of PM and CO2 levels. The highest PM reduction rate had occurred at 30 min using an air pump procedure (99.330 to 100%). The CO2 levels of all experiments had fluctuated at different times. After 10 min of a closed machine, PM levels of all air purifier systems were decreased, except HEPA filter and electrostatic fiber types. In conclusion, the best method for reducing particulate matter and cost without taking humidity into account is an air pump technique, whereas the HEPA filter and electrostatic fiber method is the best choice for lowering PM levels without increasing humidity and vapor production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnon Jumlongkul
- School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
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39
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Li Y, Wang D, Xu G, Qiao L, Li Y, Gong H, Shi L, Li D, Gao M, Liu G, Zhang J, Wei W, Zhang X, Liang X. ZIF-8/PI Nanofibrous Membranes With High-Temperature Resistance for Highly Efficient PM 0.3 Air Filtration and Oil-Water Separation. Front Chem 2021; 9:810861. [PMID: 34957057 PMCID: PMC8702621 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.810861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Air and water pollution poses a serious threat to public health and the ecological environment worldwide. Particulate matter (PM) is the major air pollutant, and its primary sources are processes that require high temperatures, such as fossil fuel combustion and vehicle exhaust. PM0.3 can penetrate and seriously harm the bronchi of the lungs, but it is difficult to remove PM0.3 due to its small size. Therefore, PM0.3 air filters that are highly efficient and resistant to high temperatures must be developed. Polyimide (PI) is an excellent polymer with a high temperature resistance and a good mechanical property. Air filters made from PI nanofibers have a high PM removal efficiency and a low air flow resistance. Herein, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was used to modify PI nanofibers to fabricate air filters with a high specific surface area and filtration efficiency. Compared with traditional PI membranes, the ZIF-8/PI multifunction nanofiber membranes achieved super-high filtration efficiency for ultrafine particles (PM0.3, 100%), and the pressure drop was only 63 Pa. The filtration mechanism of performance improvement caused by the introduction of ZIF-8/PI nanofiber membrane is explored. Moreover, the ZIF-8/PI nanofiber membranes exhibited excellent thermal stability (300 C) and efficient water–oil separation ability (99.85%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Guanchen Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Li Qiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Hongyu Gong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Dongwei Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Guoran Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Wenhui Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Xingshuang Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Xiu Liang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Strength Lightweight Metallic Materials, Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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40
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Wang J, Liu S, Yan X, Jiang Z, Zhou Z, Liu J, Han G, Ben H, Jiang W. Biodegradable and Reusable Cellulose-Based Nanofiber Membrane Preparation for Mask Filter by Electrospinning. Membranes (Basel) 2021; 12:membranes12010023. [PMID: 35054548 PMCID: PMC8777847 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly face masks with high filtration efficiency are in urgent need to fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as other airborne viruses, bacteria and particulate matters. In this study, coaxial electrospinning was employed to fabricate a lithium chloride enhanced cellulose acetate/thermoplastic polyurethanes (CA/TPU-LiCl) face mask nanofiber filtration membrane, which was biodegradable and reusable. The analysis results show that the CA/TPU-LiCl membrane had an excellent filtration performance: when the filtration efficiency reached 99.8%, the pressure drop was only 52 Pa. The membrane also had an outstanding reusability. The filtration performance maintained at 98.2% after 10 test cycles, and an alcohol immersion disinfection treatment showed no effect on its filtration performance. In summary, the CA/TPU-LiCl nanofiber membrane made in this work is a promising biodegradable and reusable filtration material with a wide range of potential applications, including high-performance face mask.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhen Wang
- College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, #308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (X.Y.); (Z.J.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, #308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shaoyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Troy University, Troy, AL 36082, USA;
| | - Xu Yan
- College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, #308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (X.Y.); (Z.J.); (J.L.)
- Shandong Special Nonwovens Engineering Research Center, Qingdao University, #308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhan Jiang
- College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, #308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (X.Y.); (Z.J.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, #308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zijing Zhou
- Qingdao Xuyu Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, #308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (X.Y.); (Z.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Guangting Han
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, #308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (H.B.); (W.J.)
| | - Haoxi Ben
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, #308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (H.B.); (W.J.)
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, #308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (X.Y.); (Z.J.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, #308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (H.B.); (W.J.)
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Zhu Y, Song X, Wu R, Fang J, Liu L, Wang T, Liu S, Xu H, Huang W. A review on reducing indoor particulate matter concentrations from personal-level air filtration intervention under real-world exposure situations. Indoor Air 2021; 31:1707-1721. [PMID: 34374125 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Improving air quality in indoor environments where people live is of importance to protect human health. In this systematic review, we assessed the effectiveness of personal-level use of air filtration units in reducing indoor particulate matters (PM) concentrations under real-world situations following systematic review guidelines. A total of 54 articles were included in the review, in which 20 randomized controlled/crossover trials that reported the changes in indoor fine PM (PM2.5 ) concentrations were quantitatively assessed in meta-analysis. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated for changes in indoor PM concentrations following air filtration interventions. Moderate-to-large reductions of 11%-82% in indoor PM2.5 concentrations were observed with SMD of -1.19 (95% CI: -1.50, -0.88). The reductions in indoor PM concentrations varied by geographical locations, filtration technology employed, indoor environmental characteristics, and air pollution sources. Most studies were graded with low-to-moderate risk of bias; however, the overall certainty of evidence for indoor PM concentration reductions was graded at very low level. Considering the effectiveness of indoor air filtration under practical uses, socio-economic disparities across study populations, and costs of air filter replacement over time, our results highlight the importance of reducing air pollution exposure at the sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongshan Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiakun Fang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hongbing Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Song J, Zhao Q, Meng C, Meng J, Chen Z, Li J. Hierarchical Porous Recycled PET Nanofibers for High-Efficiency Aerosols and Virus Capturing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:49380-49389. [PMID: 34613694 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plastic crisis, especially for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) bottles, has been one of the greatest challenges for the earth and human beings. Processing recycled PET (rPET) into functional materials has the dual significance of both sustainable development and economy. Providing more possibilities for the engineered application of rPET, porous PET fibers can further enhance the high specific surface area of electrospun membranes. Here, we use a two-step strategy of electrospinning and postprocessing to successfully control the surface morphology of rPET fibers. Through a series of optical and thermal characterizations, the porous morphology formation mechanism and crystallinity induced by solvents of rPET fibers were discussed. Then, this work further investigated both PM2.5 air pollutants and protein filtration performance of rPET fibrous membrane. The high capture capability of rPET membrane demonstrated its potential application as an integrated high-efficiency aerosol filtering solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Song
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Chen Meng
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jinmin Meng
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Zhongda Chen
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jiashen Li
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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Zheng G, Shao Z, Chen J, Jiang J, Zhu P, Wang X, Li W, Liu Y. Self-Supporting Three-Dimensional Electrospun Nanofibrous Membrane for Highly Efficient Air Filtration. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:2567. [PMID: 34685007 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
High-performance air filtration was the key to health protection from biological and ultrafine dust pollution. A self-supporting, three-dimensional (3D) nanofibrous membrane with curled pattern was electrospun for the filtration, of which the micro-fluffy structure displayed high-filtration efficiency and low-pressure drop. The flow field in the 3D filtration membrane was simulated to optimize the process parameters to increase the filtration performance. The qualification factor increased from 0.0274 Pa−1 to 0.0309 Pa−1 by 12.77% after the optimization of the electrospinning parameters. The best filtration efficiency and pressure drop were 93.6% and 89.0 Pa, separately. This work provides a new strategy to fabricate 3D structures through the construction of fiber morphology and promotes further improvement of air filtration performance of fibrous filters.
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Laumbach RJ, Cromar KR, Adamkiewicz G, Carlsten C, Charpin D, Chan WR, de Nazelle A, Forastiere F, Goldstein J, Gumy S, Hallman WK, Jerrett M, Kipen HM, Pirozzi CS, Polivka BJ, Radbel J, Shaffer RE, Sin DD, Viegi G. Personal Interventions for Reducing Exposure and Risk for Outdoor Air Pollution: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021; 18:1435-43. [PMID: 34468284 DOI: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202104-421ST] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor air quality affects the health and wellbeing of large populations around the globe. Although source controls are the most effective approaches for improving air quality and reducing health risks, individuals can also take actions to reduce their personal exposure by staying indoors, reducing physical activity, altering modes of transportation, filtering indoor air, and using respirators and other types of face masks. A synthesis of available evidence on the efficacy, effectiveness, and potential adverse effects or unintended consequences of personal interventions for air pollution is needed by clinicians to assist patients and the public in making informed decisions about use of these interventions. To address this need, the American Thoracic Society convened a workshop in May of 2018 to bring together a multidisciplinary group of international experts to review the current state of knowledge about personal interventions for air pollution and important considerations when helping patients and the general public to make decisions about how best to protect themselves. From these discussions, recommendations were made regarding when, where, how, and for whom to consider personal interventions. In addition to the efficacy and safety of the various interventions, the committee considered evidence regarding the identification of patients at greatest risk, the reliability of air quality indices, the communication challenges, and the ethical and equity considerations that arise when discussing personal interventions to reduce exposure and risk from outdoor air pollution.
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Machry K, de Souza CWO, Aguiar ML, Bernardo A. Prevention of pathogen microorganisms at indoor air ventilation system using synthesized copper nanoparticles. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021; 100:1739-1746. [PMID: 34518706 PMCID: PMC8427047 DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the impregnation of copper nanoparticles (CuNP) in a polyester fibre filter that can be used in solid–gas filtration to retain the spread of pathogen microorganisms in indoor environments. The impregnation of the CuNP was achieved by spraying the suspension on the surface of filter media. An acid pretreatment was also evaluated to increase the adhesion between fibre and nanoparticle. The synthesis of the CuNP was done by chemical reduction. The bacterial effect was measured through the contact method for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and we demonstrate that the presence of CuNP to filter media reduced up to 99.99% of gram‐negative and 99.98% of gram‐positive bacteria. The pretreatment with HCl was a good alternative to filter modification due to the higher adhesion between CuNP and the fibre while the high efficiency against pathogen microorganisms was kept. The modification of filters with CuNP can improve the air quality of indoor environments, vanishing the pathogen microorganisms circulating in the air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Machry
- Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
| | - Clóvis W O de Souza
- Microbiology and Parasitology Department Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
| | - Mônica L Aguiar
- Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
| | - André Bernardo
- Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
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Li Y, Yuan D, Geng Q, Yang X, Wu H, Xie Y, Wang L, Ning X, Ming J. MOF-Embedded Bifunctional Composite Nanofiber Membranes with a Tunable Hierarchical Structure for High-Efficiency PM 0.3 Purification and Oil/Water Separation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:39831-39843. [PMID: 34374511 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a unique hierarchically structured composite nanofiber membrane, consisting of a zeolitic imidazolate framework-8-embedded polyethersulfone (PES@ZIF8) fiber layer and a polysulfonamide/polyethersulfone (PSA/PES) fiber layer, was successfully developed to cope with the complex environments during the actual filtration/separation process and overcome the conflict between high filtration efficiency and low air pressure resistance. Due to the advantages of the synergistic effect of multicomponents and the bi-layer hierarchical structure, the integrated PES@ZIF8-PSA/PES filter possesses an extremely high air filtration efficiency (up to 99.986%) under a very low pressure drop (only 15 Pa), superior PM0.3 purification capacity (close to 99.95%), long-term recycling ability for purifying real smoke PM2.5 from >800 to <10 μg/m3, extremely high temperature resistance (exceed 200 °C), flame retardancy, good chemical stability, satisfactory transmittance, and robust self-cleaning ability. Apart from these, it achieves effective separation of oil-water mixtures and oil-water emulsions as a result of selective wettability including hydrophobicity and superoleophilicity. In particular, the PES@ZIF8-PSA/PES nanofiber membranes maintain outstanding air filtration and oil/water separation properties under the high temperature or strong acid/alkali conditions. This special comprehensive performance gives the PES@ZIF8-PSA/PES-based filtration/separation membranes a wider application prospect ranging from environmental governance to individual protection and industrial security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajian Li
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Ding Yuan
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Qian Geng
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Huizhi Wu
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Xie
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Liming Wang
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xin Ning
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jinfa Ming
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
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Opálková Šišková A, Mosnáčková K, Hrůza J, Frajová J, Opálek A, Bučková M, Kozics K, Peer P, Eckstein Andicsová A. Electrospun Poly(ethylene Terephthalate)/Silk Fibroin Composite for Filtration Application. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2499. [PMID: 34372102 PMCID: PMC8348435 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, fibrous membranes from recycled-poly(ethylene terephthalate)/silk fibroin (r-PSF) were prepared by electrospinning for filtration applications. The effect of silk fibroin on morphology, fibers diameters, pores size, wettability, chemical structure, thermo-mechanical properties, filtration efficiency, filtration performance, and comfort properties such as air and water vapor permeability was investigated. The filtration efficiency (FE) and quality factor (Qf), which represents filtration performance, were calculated from penetration through the membranes using aerosol particles ranging from 120 nm to 2.46 μm. The fiber diameter influenced both FE and Qf. However, the basis weight of the membranes has an effect, especially on the FE. The prepared membranes were classified according to EN149, and the most effective was assigned to the class FFP1 and according to EN1822 to the class H13. The impact of silk fibroin on the air permeability was assessed. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity against bacteria S. aureus and E. coli and biocompatibility were evaluated. It is discussed that antibacterial activity depends not only on the type of used materials but also on fibrous membranes' surface wettability. In vitro biocompatibility of the selected samples was studied, and it was proven to be of the non-cytotoxic effect of the keratinocytes (HaCaT) after 48 h of incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Opálková Šišková
- Polymer Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 13 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Katarína Mosnáčková
- Polymer Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Jakub Hrůza
- Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Institute for Nanomaterials, Technical University in Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic;
| | - Jaroslava Frajová
- Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Technical University in Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 460 01 Liberec, Czech Republic;
| | - Andrej Opálek
- Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 13 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Mária Bučková
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Katarína Kozics
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Petra Peer
- Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Pod Patankou 5, 166 12 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
| | - Anita Eckstein Andicsová
- Polymer Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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Liu Y, Jia C, Zhang H, Wang H, Li P, Jia L, Wang F, Zhu P, Wang H, Yu L, Wang F, Wang L, Zhang X, Sun Y, Li B. Free-Standing Ultrafine Nanofiber Papers with High PM 0.3 Mechanical Filtration Efficiency by Scalable Blow and Electro-Blow Spinning. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:34773-34781. [PMID: 34279902 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter of 0.3 μm in diameter (PM0.3) poses a serious threat to the environment and human beings. Ultrathin and -light nanofibrous filters with excellent filtration properties can significantly prevent the detrimental effects of these particles. Here, we develop free-standing polyamide PA-66 ultrafine nanofiber papers for PM0.3 filtration using effective and scalable blow and electro-blow spinning techniques. The smallest average fiber diameter is 61.7 nm, which is 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller than that of conventional textiles. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) nonwovens are selected to fabricate free-standing nanofiber papers of various polymers, including polyamide, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), and poly(ethylene oxide) owing to the smooth surfaces of the nonwovens. This underlying principle can be used to create similar free-standing nanofiber papers from other commodity polymers in the future. Mechanisms of capturing particulate matter with different nanofiber morphologies are discussed. Salt and oil particulates are used to characterize the filtration properties. PA-66 papers are promising reusable filters owing to their mechanical particle-capture mechanism. The blow-spun PA-66 papers show filtration performance of 98.75% efficiency and a pressure drop of 125.44 Pa owing to the "slip" effect caused by the ultrasmall diameter. In the electro-blow spinning process, a supplementary voltage supply is conducive to separating nanofiber bundles into random-oriented nanofibers. Electro-blown spun papers possess an ultrahigh efficiency of 99.99% with a reduced areal density of 0.9 g m-2. These PA-66 papers can be used in a variety of applications, such as reusable personal protective equipment, industrial waste gas treatment, and central ventilation purification systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Pan Li
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Luna Jia
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials, Foshan 528000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lu Yu
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Feipeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - You Sun
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
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Li M, Su L, Wang H, Wan P, Guo P, Cai Z, Gao H, Zhang Z, Lu D. Stretchable and Compressible Si 3 N 4 Nanofiber Sponge with Aligned Microstructure for Highly Efficient Particulate Matter Filtration under High-Velocity Airflow. Small 2021; 17:e2100556. [PMID: 34081414 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is one of the most severe air pollutants and poses a threat to human health. Air filters with high filtration efficiency applied to the source of PM are an effective way to reduce pollution. However, many of the present filtration materials usually fail because of their high pressure drop under high-velocity airflow and poor thermal stability at high temperatures. Herein, a highly porous Si3 N4 nanofiber sponge (Si3 N4 NFS) assembled by aligned and well-interconnected Si3 N4 nanofibers is designed and fabricated via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The resulting ultralight Si3 N4 NFS (2.69 mg cm-3 ) processes temperature-invariant reversible strechability (10% strain) and compressibility (50% strain), which enables its mechanical robustness under high-velocity airflow. The highly porous and aligned microstructure result in a Si3 N4 NFS with high filtration efficiency for PM2.5 (99.97%) and simultaneous low pressure drop (340 Pa, only <0.33% of atmospheric pressure) even under a high gas flow velocity (8.72 m s-1 ) at a high temperature (1000 °C). Furthermore, the Si3 N4 NFS air filter exhibits good long-term service ability and recyclability. Such Si3 N4 NFS with aligned microstructures for highly efficient gas filters provides new perspectives for the design and preparation of high-performance filtration materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Su
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zhixin Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - De Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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Bulejko P, Krištof O, Dohnal M. An Assessment on Average Pressure Drop and Dust-Holding Capacity of Hollow-Fiber Membranes in Air Filtration. Membranes (Basel) 2021; 11:467. [PMID: 34202790 PMCID: PMC8306576 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11070467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we tried to analyze dust loading behavior of polypropylene hollow fiber membranes using average pressure drop models. Hollow fiber membranes varying in fiber diameter were loaded with a standardized test dust to simulate particle-polluted air. We measured pressure drop development of the membranes at different flowrates and dust concentrations, and, after each experiment, the dust deposited on the membrane fibers was weighed to obtain dust holding capacity (DHC). The obtained experimental data was analyzed using various average pressure drop models and compared with average pressure drop obtained from pressure drop/dust load dependence using a curve fit. Exponential and polynomial fitting was used and compared. Pressure drop in relation to the dust load followed different trends depending on the experimental conditions and inner fiber diameter. At higher flowrate, the dependence was polynomial no matter what the fiber diameter. However, with higher fiber diameter at lower permeate velocities, the dependence was close to exponential curve and followed similar trends as observed in planar filter media. Dust-holding capacity of the membranes depended on the experimental conditions and was up to 21.4 g. However, higher dust holding capacity was impossible to reach no matter the experiment duration due to self-cleaning ability of the tested membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Bulejko
- Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, 61669 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Krištof
- ZENA Membranes s.r.o., 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (M.D.)
| | - Miroslav Dohnal
- ZENA Membranes s.r.o., 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (O.K.); (M.D.)
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