1
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Miao QJ, Zang J, Shao XB, Sun JF, Chen YP, Chen H. Analysis of PRAME immunocytochemistry in 109 acral malignant melanoma in situ. J Clin Pathol 2024; 77:417-420. [PMID: 36882315 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2022-208697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) recently is a reliable immunohistochemistry (IHC) marker for distinguishing melanoma from other lesions. However, there are few articles focused on PRAME use in acral malignant melanoma, the most common type in Asians. This study investigated PRAME IHC expression in a large series of acral malignant melanoma in situ to add to the body of clinical knowledge. METHODS PRAME IHC was performed in unequivocal cases of primary acral lentiginous melanoma in situ (ALMIS), subungual melanoma in situ (SMIS) and acral recurrent nevi as the control. PRAME tumour cell percentage positivity and intensity were expressed as categorised in a cumulative score by adding the quartile of positive tumour cells to intensity labelling. The final IHC expression was interpreted as negative (0-1), weak (2-3), moderate (4-5) or strong (6-7). RESULTS In 91 ALMIS patients, 32 cases (35.16%) were strong, 37 (40.66%) were moderate and 22 (24.18%) were weak. In 18 SMIS patients, strong positivity of PRAME was observed in 4 (22.22%) cases, moderate in 10 (55.56%) and weak in the remaining 4 (22.22%). No melanoma sample was negative for PRAME. By comparison, only 2 of the 40 acral recurrent nevi cases were positive. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the ancillary value of PRAME for diagnosing ALMIS and SMIS with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Ju Miao
- Department of Pathology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zang
- Department of Pathology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue-Bao Shao
- Department of Pathology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Fang Sun
- Department of Pathology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Ping Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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2
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Ludzik J, Foltz EA, Gillespie J, Witkowski A. Sequential Dermoscopy and Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Paired With Pigmented Lesion Assay Gene Expression Profiling for In Vivo Monitoring of Multiple Halo Nevi on an Adult Patient. Cureus 2023; 15:e49465. [PMID: 38152824 PMCID: PMC10751467 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The halo nevus is characterized by a ring of depigmentation appearing around an acquired or congenital melanocytic nevus. When observed in children, halo nevi are generally not a cause of concern. However, adult-onset halo nevi have an associated risk of primary cutaneous melanoma that corresponds to the risk of melanoma in patients with atypical nevi or a personal/familial history of melanoma. Thus, new-onset halo nevi in adults requires close follow-up and monitoring for malignancy. Herein we present a case of an adult patient who received sequential digital dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, and pigmented lesion assay gene expression profiling to monitor two halo nevi over a three-month period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Ludzik
- Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA
| | - Emilie A Foltz
- Dermatology, Washington State University Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Spokane, USA
- Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA
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3
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Kränke T, Loibner M, Arzberger E, Wieczorek G, Krenz T, Attig H, Hofmann‐Wellenhof E, Fischer B, Eberhard A, Oberauner‐Wappis L, Ulz CM, Fried I, Cerroni L, Oelmueller U, Zatloukal K, Hofmann‐Wellenhof R, Heitzer E. Non-invasive molecular profiling of skin lesions using tape-stripping. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13322. [PMID: 37231928 PMCID: PMC10176045 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Kränke
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Martina Loibner
- Institute of PathologyDiagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of CancerMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Edith Arzberger
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | | | | | | | | | - Bernhard Fischer
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Anna Eberhard
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of CancerMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Institute of Human GeneticsDiagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Lisa Oberauner‐Wappis
- Institute of PathologyDiagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Christine Maria Ulz
- Institute of PathologyDiagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Isabella Fried
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Lorenzo Cerroni
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | | | - Kurt Zatloukal
- Institute of PathologyDiagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of CancerMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | | | - Ellen Heitzer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of CancerMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
- QIAGEN GmbHHildenGermany
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4
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Ludzik J, Becker AL, Latour E, Lee C, Witkowski A. Dermoscopic features associated with 3-GEP PLA: LINC00518, PRAME, and TERT expression in suspicious pigmented lesions. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13323. [PMID: 37083005 PMCID: PMC10234169 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of dermoscopy and novel molecular triage technologies augments visual triage of pigmented skin lesions, promoting early detection of melanoma. One emerging in vivo genomic test, 3-GEP pigmented lesion assay (3-GEP PLA) aids in pigmented lesion triage by noninvasively detecting the presence of three genes associated with melanoma: LINC00518, PRAME, and TERT. The purpose of our retrospective case-control study was to identify dermoscopic features uniquely associated with the presence of LINC00518, PRAME, or TERT in the stratum corneum as determined by 3-GEP PLA testing. Images of suspicious pigmented lesions that had undergone 3-GEP PLA testing and received a definitive positive or negative result (n = 393) were evaluated for the presence of specific clinical and dermoscopic features associated with melanoma. We found that asymmetry of color was a significant predictor for PRAME expression (Odds Ratio (OR) 5.5, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.6-34.5, p = 0.004), blue color and negative pigment network were significant predictors for LINC00518 expression (adjusted OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2-5.5, p = 0.014 and adjusted OR 5.4, 95% CI 1.6-16.9, p = 0.010, respectively), and atypical polymorphous vessels present in a pigmented skin lesion were a significant predictor for TERT promoter mutations (OR 5.8, 95% CI 1.3-23.4, p = 0.022). The results presented suggest a hierarchy in the significance of these dermoscopic features and may help guide evaluation and management of pigmented skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Ludzik
- Department of DermatologyOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Alyssa L. Becker
- Department of DermatologyOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- John A. Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawai'i at MānoaHonoluluHawaiiUSA
| | - Emile Latour
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Claudia Lee
- University of California Riverside School of MedicineRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alexander Witkowski
- Department of DermatologyOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
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5
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Thomsen IMN, Heerfordt IM, Karmisholt KE, Mogensen M. Detection of cutaneous malignant melanoma by tape stripping of pigmented skin lesions - A systematic review. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13286. [PMID: 36973976 PMCID: PMC10155806 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM) is potentially aggressive, and numerous clinically suspicious pigmented skin lesions are excised, causing unnecessary mutilation for patients at high healthcare costs, but without histopathological evidence of MM. The high number of excisions may be lowered by using more accurate diagnostics. Tape stripping (TS) of clinically suspicious lesions is a non-invasive diagnostic test of MM that can potentially lower the number needed to biopsy/excise. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aim is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of TS in detecting MM in clinically suspicious pigmented skin lesions. This systematic review following PRISMA guidelines searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase (September 2022) using melanoma combined with tape stripping, adhesive patch(es), pigmented lesion assay, or epidermal genetic information retrieval. RESULTS Ten studies were included. Sensitivity ranged from 68.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 51.5, 82.1) to 100% (95% CI 91.0, 100). Specificity ranged from 69.1% (95% CI 63.8, 74.0) to 100% (95% CI 78.5, 100). A pooled analysis of five studies testing the RNA markers LINC00518 and PRAME found a sensitivity of 86.9% (95% CI 81.7, 90.8) and a specificity of 82.4% (95% CI 80.8, 83.9). CONCLUSION Overall quality of studies was low, and the reliability of sensitivity and specificity is questionable. However, TS may supplement well-established diagnostic methods as pooled analysis of five studies indicates a moderate sensitivity. Future studies are needed to obtain more reliable data as independent studies with no conflict of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ida M. Heerfordt
- Department of DermatologyCopenhagen University Hospital – BispebjergCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Katrine Elisabeth Karmisholt
- Department of DermatologyCopenhagen University Hospital – BispebjergCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Mette Mogensen
- Department of DermatologyCopenhagen University Hospital – BispebjergCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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6
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Spaccarelli N, Drozdowski R, Peters MS, Grant-Kels JM. Dysplastic nevus part II: Dysplastic nevi: Molecular/genetic profiles and management. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 88:13-20. [PMID: 36252690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dermatologists frequently see patients with clinically atypical nevi and dermatopathologists interpret histologically dysplastic nevi on a near-daily basis, but there is great variability in the definition and management of such lesions. This part of the CME review focuses on information published since the previous comprehensive review (2012), with emphasis on molecular and genetic attributes of histologically dysplastic nevi and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Spaccarelli
- Department of Dermatology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columubs, Ohio
| | - Roman Drozdowski
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Margot S Peters
- Departments of Dermatology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jane M Grant-Kels
- Departments of Dermatology, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut; Department of Dermatology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.
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7
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Witkowski A. Potential Limitations in the Clinical Adoption of 3-GEP Pigmented Lesion Assay for Melanoma Triage by Dermatologists and Advanced Practice Practitioners. Cureus 2022; 14:e31914. [PMID: 36579219 PMCID: PMC9792410 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A pigmented lesion assay (PLA) is used to non-invasively detect the presence of three genes associated with melanoma (LINC00518, PRAME, and TERT) using adhesive patch testing and has the potential to reduce unnecessary biopsies. However, few studies have evaluated the clinical applicability of PLA testing and its potential limitations in real-world practice. We aim to identify possible barriers that inhibit the clinical utility of PLA testing by dermatologists. Methods Retrospective case-control study analyzing the PLA testing by two pigmented-lesion specialists that underwent PLA testing as part of clinical management. Data was collected from April 2021 to April 2022 from an academic tertiary-level center. Results The total cohort consists of 472 lesions. Genetic analysis failure for LINC00518 and PRAME occurred in 12.5% of cases and in 70.9% of cases for TERT. In 38.5% of cases, PLA results were discrepant with histopathology. The additional time associated with PLA use independent from the patient's visit was 15 min on average. Conclusion The high proportion of non-actionable results and discrepant cases highlights potential barriers to the widespread adoption of PLA testing. The high proportion of genetic analysis failure seen for TERT and limited influence on the proposed risk suggests TERT does not offer significant clinical value.
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8
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Ludzik J, Becker AL, Lee C, Witkowski A. Augmenting pigmented lesion assay results with the three-point dermoscopy checklist to improve pigmented lesion triage. Skin Res Technol 2022; 28:877-879. [PMID: 36165335 PMCID: PMC9907711 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Ludzik
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Alyssa L Becker
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Claudia Lee
- University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Alexander Witkowski
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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9
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Cohen PR, Kurzrock R. Dermatologic Disease-Directed Targeted Therapy (D 3T 2): The Application of Biomarker-Based Precision Medicine for the Personalized Treatment of Skin Conditions-Precision Dermatology. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022; 12:2249-2271. [PMID: 36121579 PMCID: PMC9515268 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-022-00801-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision dermatology uses individualized dermatologic disease-directed targeted therapy (D3T2) for the management of dermatoses and for the evaluation and therapy of cutaneous malignancies. Personalized/precision strategies are based on biomarkers that are most frequently derived from tissue transcriptomic expression or genomic sequencing or from circulating cytokines. For instance, the pathologic diagnosis of a pigmented lesion and determining the prognosis of a malignant melanocytic neoplasm can be enhanced by genomic/transcriptomic analysis. In addition to biopsy, innovative techniques have been developed for obtaining transcriptomes in skin conditions; as an example, patches can be applied to a psoriasis plaque for a few minutes to capture the epidermis/upper dermis transcriptome. Atopic dermatitis and prurigo nodularis may also be candidate conditions for precision dermatology. Precision dermatology has a role in managing melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers and rare cutaneous tumors-such as perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa)-that can originate in or metastasize to the skin. For instance, advanced/metastatic basal cell carcinomas can be treated with Hedgehog inhibitors (vismodegib and sonidegib) targeting the smoothened (SMO) or patched 1 (PTCH1) gene alterations that are a hallmark of these cancers and activate the Hedgehog pathway. Advanced/metastatic basal and cutaneous squamous cell cancers often have a high tumor mutational burden (which predicts immunotherapy response); immune checkpoint blockade with cemiplimab, a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) inhibitor, is now approved for these malignancies. Gene expression profiling of primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma can identify those individuals at high risk for subsequent metastases. In the realm of rare neoplasms, PEComas-which can originate in the skin, albeit uncommonly-have tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1)/tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) gene alterations, which activate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, and can be suppressed by nab-sirolimus, now approved for this condition. In summary, precision dermatologic techniques/strategies are an important emerging approach for evaluation and management of skin disorders and cutaneous neoplasms, and may serve as a paradigm for the application of precision medicine beyond dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Cohen
- Department of Dermatology, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA, USA. .,Touro University California College of Osteopathic Medicine, Vallejo, CA, USA. .,University of California, 10991 Twinleaf Court, San Diego, CA, 92131, USA.
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center and Genome Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Worldwide Innovative Network (WIN) for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Villejuif, France
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10
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Jung JM, Cho JY, Lee WJ, Chang SE, Lee MW, Won CH. Emerging Minimally Invasive Technologies for the Detection of Skin Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:951. [PMID: 34683091 PMCID: PMC8538732 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of skin cancer, many noninvasive technologies to detect its presence have been developed. This review focuses on reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), pigmented lesion assay (PLA), and Raman spectroscopy (RS) and discusses the basic principle, clinical applications, advantages, and disadvantages of each technology. RCM provides high cellular resolution and has high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of skin cancer. OCT provides lower resolution than RCM, although its evaluable depth is deeper than that of RCM. RCM and OCT may be useful in reducing the number of unnecessary biopsies, evaluating the tumor margin, and monitoring treatment response. HFUS can be mainly used to delineate tumor depths or margins and monitor the treatment response. EIS provides high sensitivity but low specificity for the diagnosis of skin malignancies. PLA, which is based on the genetic information of lesions, is applicable for the detection of melanoma with high sensitivity and moderate-to-high specificity. RS showed high accuracy for the diagnosis of skin cancer, although more clinical studies are required. Advances in these technologies for the diagnosis of skin cancer can lead to the realization of optimized and individualized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Min Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.M.J.); (W.J.L.); (S.E.C.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Ji Young Cho
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Woo Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.M.J.); (W.J.L.); (S.E.C.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.M.J.); (W.J.L.); (S.E.C.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Mi Woo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.M.J.); (W.J.L.); (S.E.C.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.M.J.); (W.J.L.); (S.E.C.); (M.W.L.)
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11
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Rigel DS, Whitaker JW, Skelsey MK, Peck G, Howell MD, Jansen B. Response to Marchetti et al. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:232-234. [PMID: 34273350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darrell S Rigel
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
| | | | - Maral K Skelsey
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Gary Peck
- Dermatologic Surgery Center of DC, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
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12
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Lohman ME, Steen AJ, Grekin RC, North JP. The utility of PRAME staining in identifying malignant transformation of melanocytic nevi. J Cutan Pathol 2021; 48:856-862. [PMID: 33433032 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma (PRAME) immunohistochemical (IHC) staining is used to aid melanoma diagnosis. PRAME expression in nevus-associated melanoma (NAM) has not been evaluated. METHODS PRAME IHC was applied to cases of NAM; staining for each population of melanocytes (benign and malignant) was graded based on the percentage of labeled cells. No labeling was graded 0, 1% to 25% labeling was 1+, 26% to 50% was 2+, 51% to 75% was 3+, and >76% was 4+. RESULTS Thirty-six cases were reviewed. Sixty-seven percent (24/36) of melanomas were PRAME positive (4+) while no (0/36) nevi showed 4+ positivity. Eighty-one percent (29/36) of nevi were completely PRAME negative compared to 17% (6/36) of melanomas. In 67% of cases (24/36) PRAME differentiated between benign and malignant melanocyte populations. CONCLUSIONS We identified a high rate (67%) of differential PRAME staining in adjacent benign and malignant melanocyte populations in NAM. In PRAME positive (4+) melanomas, PRAME differentiates 100% (24/24) of benign and malignant melanocyte populations. When 4+ staining is used as the threshold for positivity, PRAME staining has a sensitivity of 67% (24/36) and a specificity of 100% (36/36). These results support PRAME IHC can assist in distinguishing melanocyte populations in melanoma arising within nevi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Lohman
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Aaron J Steen
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Roy C Grekin
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey P North
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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13
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Darvishi S, Pick H, Lin TE, Zhu Y, Li X, Ho PC, Girault HH, Lesch A. Tape-Stripping Electrochemical Detection of Melanoma. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12900-12908. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sorour Darvishi
- Laboratory of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Valais Wallis, Rue de l’Industrie 17, CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Horst Pick
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tzu-En Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yingdi Zhu
- Laboratory of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Valais Wallis, Rue de l’Industrie 17, CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Ch. des Boveresses 155, CH-1015 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Ch. des Boveresses 155, CH-1015 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Ch. des Boveresses 155, CH-1015 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Ch. des Boveresses 155, CH-1015 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Laboratory of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Valais Wallis, Rue de l’Industrie 17, CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Lesch
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, IT-40136 Bologna, Italy
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