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Lee SH, Platt S, Lim CH, Ito M, Myung P. The development of hair follicles and nail. Dev Biol 2024; 513:3-11. [PMID: 38759942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The hair follicle and nail unit develop and regenerate through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Here, we review some of the key signals and molecular interactions that regulate mammalian hair follicle and nail formation during embryonic development and how these interactions are reutilized to promote their regeneration during adult homeostasis and in response to skin wounding. Finally, we highlight the role of some of these signals in mediating human hair follicle and nail conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soung-Hoon Lee
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology and Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Platt
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chae Ho Lim
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology and Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mayumi Ito
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology and Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peggy Myung
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Lim CH, Kaminaka A, Lee SH, Moore S, Cronstein BN, Rabbani PS, Ito M. Dermal β-Catenin Is Required for Hedgehog-Driven Hair Follicle Neogenesis. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00390-7. [PMID: 38810955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Hair follicle neogenesis (HFN) occurs following large skin excisions in mice, serving as a rare regenerative model in mammalian wound healing. Wound healing typically results in fibrosis in mice and humans. We previously showed small skin excisions in mice result in scarring devoid of HFN, displaying features of non-regenerative healing, and Hedgehog (Hh) activation in the dermis of such wounds can induce HFN. In this study, we sought to verify the role of dermal Wnt/β-catenin signaling in HFN, as this pathway is essential for HF development, but is also paradoxically well-characterized in fibrosis of adult wounds. By deletion of β-catenin in large wound myofibroblasts, we show Wnt/β-catenin signaling is required for endogenous mechanisms of HFN. Through utilizing a combined mouse model that simultaneously induces deletion of β-catenin and constitutive activation of Smoothened (Smo) in myofibroblasts, we also found β-catenin is required for Hh-driven DP formation. Transcriptome analysis confirms Wnt/β-catenin and Hh pathways are activated in dermal papilla (DP) cells. Our results indicate that Wnt-active fibrotic status may also create a permissive state for the regenerative function of Hh, suggesting that activation of both Wnt and Hh pathways in skin wound fibroblasts must be ensured in future strategies to promote HFN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Ho Lim
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Annette Kaminaka
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Soung-Hoon Lee
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Simone Moore
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Bruce N Cronstein
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU-H+H Clinical and Translational Science Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Piul S Rabbani
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mayumi Ito
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Frech S, Lichtenberger BM. Modulating embryonic signaling pathways paves the way for regeneration in wound healing. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1367425. [PMID: 38434140 PMCID: PMC10904466 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1367425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues, including the skin, are highly proliferative tissues with the capability to constant renewal and regeneration, a feature that is essential for survival as the skin forms a protective barrier against external insults and water loss. In adult mammalian skin, every injury will lead to a scar. The scar tissue that is produced to seal the wound efficiently is usually rigid and lacks elasticity and the skin's original resilience to external impacts, but also secondary appendages such as hair follicles and sebaceous glands. While it was long thought that hair follicles develop solely during embryogenesis, it is becoming increasingly clear that hair follicles can also regenerate within a wound. The ability of the skin to induce hair neogenesis following injury however declines with age. As fetal and neonatal skin have the remarkable capacity to heal without scarring, the recapitulation of a neonatal state has been a primary target of recent regenerative research. In this review we highlight how modulating dermal signaling or the abundance of specific fibroblast subsets could be utilized to induce de novo hair follicles within the wound bed, and thus to shift wound repair with a scar to scarless regeneration.
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Chen FZ, Tan PC, Yang Z, Li Q, Zhou SB. Identifying characteristics of dermal fibroblasts in skin homeostasis and disease. Clin Exp Dermatol 2023; 48:1317-1327. [PMID: 37566911 DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous dermal fibroblasts are the main components that constitute the dermis. Distinct fibroblast subgroups show specific characteristics and functional plasticity that determine dermal structure during skin development and wound healing. Although researchers have described the roles of fibroblast subsets, this is not completely understood. We review recent evidence supporting understanding about the heterogeneity of fibroblasts. We summarize the origins and the identified profiles of fibroblast subpopulations. The characteristics of fibroblast subpopulations in both healthy and diseased states are highlighted, and the potential of subpopulations to be involved in wound healing in different ways was discussed. Additionally, we review the plasticity of subpopulations and the underlying signalling mechanisms. This review may provide greater insights into potential novel therapeutic targets and tissue regeneration strategies for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Zhou Chen
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Poh-Ching Tan
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihan Yang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang-Bai Zhou
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Zhu J, Chen P, Liang J, Wu Z, Jin H, Xu T, Zheng Y, Ma H, Cong W, Wang X, Guan X. Inhibition of CK2α accelerates skin wound healing by promoting endothelial cell proliferation through the Hedgehog signaling pathway. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23135. [PMID: 37594910 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300478rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by perturbed glucose and lipid metabolism, resulting in high blood glucose levels. Many complications induced by endothelial dysfunction can cause disability and even death of diabetic patients. Here, we found that the protein level of casein kinase 2α (CK2α) was increased in the endothelium of mice with type I diabetes (T1D) induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Although a potential correlation between the protein level of CK2α and endothelial dysfunction in diabetes was established, the contribution of CK2α to the progression of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes remained largely unknown. By using CX4945 (a selective CK2α antagonist) and Si-csnk2a1 (small interfering RNA targeting CK2α), we found that inhibition of CK2α accelerated skin wound healing in T1D mice by promoting proliferation of endothelial cells. Administration of CX4945 or Si-csnk2a1 rescued the impaired Hedgehog signaling pathway in high glucose-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Exploration of the underlying molecular mechanism revealed that the protective effect of CK2α inhibition on angiogenesis, which contributes to skin wound healing in diabetic mice, was blocked by administration of GANT61 (an inhibitor targeting the Hedgehog signaling pathway). Our findings establish CK2α as a regulator of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes and demonstrate that inhibition of CK2α accelerates skin wound healing in T1D mice by promoting endothelial cell proliferation via the Hedgehog signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jiaojiao Liang
- Department of Pathology, Huaihe hospital of Henan University, kaifeng, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Haiqun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, NanKai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianpeng Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yeyi Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongfang Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Weitao Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xueqiang Guan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China
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Bensa T, Tekkela S, Rognoni E. Skin fibroblast functional heterogeneity in health and disease. J Pathol 2023; 260:609-620. [PMID: 37553730 DOI: 10.1002/path.6159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are the major cell population of connective tissue, including the skin dermis, and are best known for their function in depositing and remodelling the extracellular matrix. Besides their role in extracellular matrix homeostasis, fibroblasts have emerged as key players in many biological processes ranging from tissue immunity and wound healing to hair follicle development. Recent advances in single-cell RNA-sequencing technologies have revealed an astonishing transcriptional fibroblast heterogeneity in the skin and other organs. A key challenge in the field is to understand the functional relevance and significance of the identified new cell clusters in health and disease. Here, we discuss the functionally distinct fibroblast subtypes identified in skin homeostasis and repair and how they evolve in fibrotic disease conditions, in particular keloid scars and cancer. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjaša Bensa
- Centre for Cell Biology & Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Stavroula Tekkela
- Centre for Cell Biology & Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Emanuel Rognoni
- Centre for Cell Biology & Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Myung P, Andl T, Atit R. The origins of skin diversity: lessons from dermal fibroblasts. Development 2022; 149:dev200298. [PMID: 36444877 PMCID: PMC10112899 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Skin is largely composed of an epidermis that overlies a supporting dermis. Recent advancements in our understanding of how diverse groups of dermal fibroblasts regulate epidermal and hair follicle growth and differentiation have been fueled by tools capable of resolving molecular heterogeneity at a single-cell level. Fibroblast heterogeneity can be traced back to their developmental origin before their segregation into spatially distinct fibroblast subtypes. The mechanisms that drive this lineage diversification during development are being unraveled, with studies showing that both large- and small-scale positional signals play important roles during dermal development. Here, we first delineate what is known about the origins of the dermis and the central role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in its specification across anatomical locations. We then discuss how one of the first morphologically recognizable fibroblast subtypes, the hair follicle dermal condensate lineage, emerges. Leveraging the natural variation of skin and its appendages between species and between different anatomical locations, these collective studies have identified shared and divergent factors that contribute to the extraordinary diversity of skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Myung
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Thomas Andl
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Radhika Atit
- Department of Biology, Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Shin JM, Lee YY, Kim KM, Won KS, Suh SB, Hong D, Jung KE, Kim CD, Seo YJ, Cho SB, Lee Y. The potential role of fibroblast-derived multi-peptide factors in activation of growth factors and β-Catenin in hair follicle cells. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6184-6190. [PMID: 35765799 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermal fibroblasts play a pivotal role in hair follicle regeneration during wound repair. Recently, dermal fibroblast-conditioned medium (DFCM), which contains multi-peptide factors (MPFs), has been used to promote wound repair. AIM This study aimed to investigate the stimulatory effects of MPF-containing DFCM on hair growth. METHODS MPF-containing DFCM was prepared using human neonatal dermal fibroblasts. Outer root sheath (ORS) and dermal papilla (DP) cells were cultured in MPF-containing DFCM. We examined the expression and secretion of growth factors and cytokines using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and a growth factor array. In addition, the effect of MPFs on β-catenin activity was determined using the TOPflash assay. All experiments were repeated at least three times with separate batches of cells. RESULTS MPF-containing DFCM increased keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) mRNA expression in ORS cells and KGF and VEGF mRNA expression in DP cells. When ORS cells were treated with MPF-containing DFCM, the secretion of several growth factors, including EGF, VEGF, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP)-4, IGFBP-6, and fibroblast growth factor-7, was increased in the cell-cultured medium compared with that in control. Additionally, MPF-containing DFCM increased the transcriptional activation of β-catenin in DP cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that MPF-containing DFCM might stimulate hair growth by inducing growth factors in ORS and DP cells and regulating β-catenin in DP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Min Shin
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Young-Yoon Lee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kyung Min Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | | | - Dongkyun Hong
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Jung
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Deok Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Seo
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung Bin Cho
- Yonsei Seran Dermatology and Laser Clinic, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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He J, Huang X, Zhao B, Liu G, Tian Y, Zhang G, Wei C, Mao J, Tian K. Integrated analysis of miRNAs and mRNA profiling reveals the potential roles of miRNAs in sheep hair follicle development. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:722. [PMID: 36273119 PMCID: PMC9588206 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08954-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Merino sheep exhibit high wool production and excellent wool quality. The fleece of Merino sheep is predominantly composed of wool fibers grown from hair follicles (HFs). The HF is a complex biological system involved in a dynamic process governed by gene regulation, and gene expression is regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNA inhibits posttranscriptional gene expression by specifically binding to target messenger RNA (mRNA) and plays an important role in regulating gene expression, the cell cycle and biological development sequences. The purpose of this study was to examine mRNA and miRNA binding to identify key miRNAs and target genes related to HF development. This will provide new and important insights into fundamental mechanisms that regulate cellular activity and cell fate decisions within and outside of the skin. RESULTS We analyzed miRNA data in skin tissues collected from 18 Merino sheep on four embryonic days (E65, E85, E105 and E135) and two postnatal days (D7 and D30) and identified 87 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs). These six stages were further divided into two longer developmental stages based on heatmap cluster analysis, and the results showed that DE-mRNAs in Stage A were closely related to HF morphogenesis. A coanalysis of Stage A DE-mRNAs and DE-miRNAs revealed that 9 DE-miRNAs and 17 DE-mRNAs presented targeting relationships in Stage A. We found that miR-23b and miR-133 could target and regulate ACVR1B and WNT10A. In dermal fibroblasts, the overexpression of miR-133 significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of ACVR1B. The overexpression of miR-23b significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of WNT10A. CONCLUSION This study provides a new reference for understanding the molecular basis of HF development and lays a foundation for further improving sheep HF breeding. miRNAs and target genes related to hair follicular development were found, which provided a theoretical basis for molecular breeding for the culture of fine-wool sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin He
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xixia Huang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Bingru Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guifen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yuezhen Tian
- Institute of Animal Science, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyi Mao
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Kechuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
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Bu T, Zhang M, Lee SH, Cheong YE, Park Y, Kim KH, Kim D, Kim S. GC-TOF/MS-Based Metabolomics for Comparison of Volar and Non-Volar Skin Types. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080717. [PMID: 36005589 PMCID: PMC9415232 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin has heterogenous identities on different body sites despite similar cellular compositions. There are two types of skin, volar (palmoplantar) and non-volar (dorsal), which are characterized by epidermal thickness, pigmentation, and presence of hair follicles. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of these different skin types remain unclear. To investigate these, we profiled the cellular metabolites of volar and non-volar skin in mice using gas chromatography-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS), and further assessed the metabolic differences between them. In total, 96 metabolites from both volar and non-volar skin of mice were identified using the BinBase database system. Metabolomics analysis revealed important differences associated with amino acid metabolism (phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; aspartate and glutamate metabolism), sugar metabolism (pentose phosphate pathway), and nucleotide metabolism (pyrimidine metabolism) in volar skin. Fifty metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers differentiating the physiological characteristics of these skin types. Of these, nine were highly increased whereas 41 were significantly decreased in volar skin compared with those in non-volar skin. Overall, these results provide valuable information for understanding the metabolic differences between volar and non-volar skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Bu
- Department of Environment Science & Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea; (T.B.); (M.Z.)
- University Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Longdong Bio-Resources in Gan-Su Province, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Environment Science & Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea; (T.B.); (M.Z.)
| | - Sun-Hee Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.-H.L.); (Y.E.C.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Yu Eun Cheong
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.-H.L.); (Y.E.C.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Yukyung Park
- Graduate School of Energy/Biotechnology, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Korea;
| | - Kyoung Heon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.-H.L.); (Y.E.C.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Dongwon Kim
- Graduate School of Energy/Biotechnology, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Korea;
- Department of Bio-Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.K.); (S.K.); Tel.: +82-51-320-1972 (D.K.); +82-63-220-2384 (S.K.)
| | - Sooah Kim
- Department of Environment Science & Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea; (T.B.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: (D.K.); (S.K.); Tel.: +82-51-320-1972 (D.K.); +82-63-220-2384 (S.K.)
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Rognoni E. Dermal Hedgehog Signaling in Papillary Fibroblasts: An Emerging Key Player in Skin Regeneration. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:1516-1519. [PMID: 35027172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Wound repair involves the coordination of multiple skin cells and signaling pathways, and it results in tissue regeneration or scarring. In their article in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Frech et al., (2021) explore how Hedgehog (Hh) signaling influences the function of fibroblasts residing in the papillary and reticular dermis during wound healing. Their results reveal a pivotal role for Hh signaling in papillary fibroblasts related to hair follicle regeneration, which could open new therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Rognoni
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
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