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Lin Z, Chen H, Xu J, Wang J, Wang H, Huang S, Xu S. A Review of the Release Profiles and Efficacies of Chemotherapy Drug-Loaded Electrospun Membranes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020251. [PMID: 36679132 PMCID: PMC9865042 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospun fibrous membranes loaded with chemotherapy drugs have been broadly studied, many of which have had promising data demonstrating therapeutic effects on cancer cell inhibition, tumor size reduction, the life extension of tumor-bearing animals, and more. Nevertheless, their drug release profiles are difficult to predict since their degradation pattern varies with crystalline polymers. In addition, there is room for improving their release performances, optimizing the release patterns, and achieving better therapeutic outcomes. In this review, the key factors affecting electrospun membrane drug release profiles have been systematically reviewed. Case studies of the release profiles of typical chemotherapy drugs are carried out to determine the preferred polymer choices and techniques to achieve the expected prolonged or enhanced release profiles. The therapeutic effects of these electrospun, chemo-drug-loaded membranes are also discussed. This review aims to assist in the design of future drug-loaded electrospun materials to achieve preferred release profiles with enhanced therapeutic efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Lin
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Huijing Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shifen Huang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-755-26531165
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Natural, synthetic and commercially-available biopolymers used to regenerate tendons and ligaments. Bioact Mater 2023; 19:179-197. [PMID: 35510172 PMCID: PMC9034322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon and ligament (TL) injuries affect millions of people annually. Biopolymers play a significant role in TL tissue repair, whether the treatment relies on tissue engineering strategies or using artificial tendon grafts. The biopolymer governs the mechanical properties, biocompatibility, degradation, and fabrication method of the TL scaffold. Many natural, synthetic and hybrid biopolymers have been studied in TL regeneration, often combined with therapeutic agents and minerals to engineer novel scaffold systems. However, most of the advanced biopolymers have not advanced to clinical use yet. Here, we aim to review recent biopolymers and discuss their features for TL tissue engineering. After introducing the properties of the native tissue, we discuss different types of natural, synthetic and hybrid biopolymers used in TL tissue engineering. Then, we review biopolymers used in commercial absorbable and non-absorbable TL grafts. Finally, we explain the challenges and future directions for the development of novel biopolymers in TL regenerative treatment. Both natural and synthetic biopolymers are reviewed for regeneration of TL and their interface tissues. Advances on hybrid-composite biopolymers to fabricate TL scaffolds were reviewed. The current biopolymers used in commercial TL grafts are discussed. The challenges and emerging strategies for biopolymer development are presented.
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Physical, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties and Characterization of Natural Fiber Composites Reinforced Poly(Lactic Acid): Miswak (Salvadora Persica L.) Fibers. INT J POLYM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7253136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
7000 years ago, miswak fiber (MF) was used as a toothbrush for oral care. However, since the emergence of plastic materials, it monopolized the oral care industry. The increment of plastic products also promotes accumulation of plastic wastes after its disposal. Thus, many researchers have turn to biodegradable products to reduce this problem. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of MF as reinforcement in composites that are suitable to replace the toothbrush materials. The MF was reinforced in PLA composite with different weight percentage (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) and undergoes several types of testing. The chemical results show that there were high presence of cellulose in the fiber which could act as medium to transfer stress load equally from fiber to matrix. However, the results show low cellulosic contents in MF that affects the poor interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix. Physical properties shows a positive indication to be used as a toothbrush handle. As the fiber content increases, the density also increased. SEM micrographic illustrated the presence of voids as the cause for reduction in mechanical properties of composites. The mechanical results show the proposed material is comparable to the materials used in commercial applications. As for the thermal result, the TGA test melting point of the proposed composite material was comparable to the pure PLA, which means the proposed material can use similar processing temperature as PLA. DSC shows that Tg of PLA/MF composite is found to be similar to Tg in loss modulus of composites. DMA finding found that PLA/MF30 have the highest storage modulus 2062 MPa and the lowest tan δ 0.6 among PLA/MF composites. This concludes that there is a possibility of using these materials as an alternative in composites and increase the fiber strength by using pretreatments and/or compatibilizer.
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Formas K, Kurowska A, Janusz J, Szczygieł P, Rajzer I. Injection Molding Process Simulation of Polycaprolactone Sticks for Further 3D Printing of Medical Implants. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7295. [PMID: 36295360 PMCID: PMC9607397 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was a simulation of the injection molding process of polycaprolactone filament sticks for further 3D printing of osteochondral implants. Polycaprolactone data are not available in the data banks of popular injection molding simulation programs. Therefore, thermal and rheological data from the literature were imported to the material database of Solidworks Plastics software to simulate the injection molding process of filament sticks. The influence of several injection molding parameters including melt temperature, injection time, and injection pressure on the geometry of filament stick (final part) was investigated. Based on the results of the performed simulation and analyses, it was possible to improve the injection process parameters. The accuracy of simulation predictions, based on the literature data, demonstrates the potential of using simulation as a tool to develop polycaprolactone parts for future implants and to optimize the injection molding process.
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Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA)-Based Nanocomposites: Impact of Vermiculite, Silver, and Graphene Oxide on Thermal Stability, Isothermal Crystallization, and Local Mechanical Behavior. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs6040112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The structural, thermal, and mechanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) were investigated. The PLA was a biopolymer that was reinforced with four fillers (i.e., graphene oxide (GO) and silver (Ag); vermiculite (VMT) and silver (Ag); and two organically modified vermiculites). The processing technique for the production of the composite materials were carefully planned. The PLA nanocomposites were investigated by examining their morphological aspects, changes in PLA phases and transitions and, most importantly, the effect on certain final properties. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis indicated that the sample was completely amorphous. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results indicated that the presence of reinforcing particles in the PLA matrix did not affect the thermal degradation of these composites. Furthermore, the local mechanical properties were investigated using the microindentation method to evaluate the effect of different nanofillers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a VHX-500 optical digital microscope (Keyence International, Mechelen, Belgium) were also used to examine the surface morphology of the PLA polymer composites. These results can help to select suitable fillers to enhance the PLA performance of biopolymers.
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Raji F, Shayesteh H, Rahbar-Kelishami A. Y-Y microfluidic polymer/salt aqueous two-phase system for optimization of dye extraction: Evaluation of channel geometry. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2022.2059677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Raji
- Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Shayesteh
- Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Rahbar-Kelishami
- Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Shiroud Heidari B, Bappoo N, Kelsey LJ, Davachi SM, Doyle B. Multi‐response optimization of shrinkage, clamp force, and part weight in simulated injection molding process of a dialysis micro‐filter. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Shiroud Heidari
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and the UWA Centre for Medical Research The University of Western Australia Perth Australia
- School of Engineering The University of Western Australia Perth Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Nikhilesh Bappoo
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and the UWA Centre for Medical Research The University of Western Australia Perth Australia
- School of Engineering The University of Western Australia Perth Australia
| | - Lachlan J. Kelsey
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and the UWA Centre for Medical Research The University of Western Australia Perth Australia
- School of Engineering The University of Western Australia Perth Australia
| | - Seyed Mohammad Davachi
- Department of Biological and Chemistry Texas A&M International University Laredo Texas USA
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - Barry Doyle
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and the UWA Centre for Medical Research The University of Western Australia Perth Australia
- School of Engineering The University of Western Australia Perth Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
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Zhao NY, Lian JY, Wang PF, Xu ZB. Recent progress in minimizing the warpage and shrinkage deformations by the optimization of process parameters in plastic injection molding: a review. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 2022; 120:85-101. [PMID: 35194289 PMCID: PMC8831005 DOI: 10.1007/s00170-022-08859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The quality control of plastic products is an essential aspect of the plastic injection molding (PIM) process. However, the warpage and shrinkage deformations continue to exist because the PIM process is easily interfered with by several related or independent process parameters. Thus, great efforts have been devoted to optimizing process parameters to minimize the warpage and shrinkage deformations of products during the last decades. In this review, we begin by introducing the manufacturing process in PIM and the cause of warpage and shrinkage deformations, followed by the mechanism about how process parameters, like mold temperature, melt temperature, injection rate, injection pressure, holding pressure, holding and cooling duration, affect those defects. Then, we summarize the recent progress of the design of experiments and four advanced methods (artificial neural networks, genetic algorithm, response surface methodology, and Kriging model) on optimizing process parameters to minimize the warpage and shrinkage deformations. In the end, future perspectives of quality control in injection molding machines are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-yang Zhao
- College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China
| | - Jiao-yuan Lian
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015 China
| | - Peng-fei Wang
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015 China
| | - Zhong-bin Xu
- College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015 China
- Ningbo Research Institute, and Institute of Robotics, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100 China
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9
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Evaluation of biocompatible aqueous two-phase systems with the double interface for the recovery of biomolecules. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Farahani A, Rahbar-Kelishami A, Shayesteh H. Microfluidic solvent extraction of Cd(II) in parallel flow pattern: Optimization, ion exchange, and mass transfer study. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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11
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Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Clay-Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites Using Deep Neural Network. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13194266. [PMID: 32992676 PMCID: PMC7579244 DOI: 10.3390/ma13194266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to the non-linear characteristics of the processing parameters, predicting the desired properties of nanocomposites using the conventional regression approach is often unsatisfactory. Thus, it is essential to use a machine learning approach to determine the optimum processing parameters. In this study, a backpropagation deep neural network (DNN) with nanoclay and compatibilizer content, and processing parameters as input, was developed to predict the mechanical properties, including tensile modulus and tensile strength, of clay-reinforced polyethylene nanocomposites. The high accuracy of the developed model proves that DNN can be used as an efficient tool for predicting mechanical properties of the nanocomposites in terms of four independent parameters.
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Intelligent Injection Molding on Sensing, Optimization, and Control. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/7023616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Injection molding is one of the most significant material processing methods for mass production of plastic products. It is widely used in various industry sectors, and its products are ubiquitous in our daily life. The settings and optimization of the injection molding process dictate the geometric precision and mechanical properties of the final products. Therefore, sensing, optimization, and control of the injection molding process have a crucial influence on product quality and have become an active research field with abundant literature. This paper defines the concept of intelligent injection molding as the integral application of these three procedures—sensing, optimization, and control. This paper reviews recent studies on methods for the detection of relevant physical variables, optimization of process parameters, and control strategies of machine variables in the molding process. Finally, conclusions are drawn to discuss future research directions and technologies, as well as algorithms worthy of being explored and developed.
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Zhang Y, Hu J, Xie R, Yang Y, Cao J, Tu Y, Zhang Y, Qin T, Zhao X. A programmable, fast-fixing, osteo-regenerative, biomechanically robust bone screw. Acta Biomater 2020; 103:293-305. [PMID: 31857258 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of a screw for repairing defected bones is limited by the dilemma between stiffness, bioactivity and internal fixation ability in current products. For polymer bone screw, it is difficult to achieve the bone stiffness and osteo-induction. Polymer composites may enhance bioactivity and mechanical properties but sacrifice the shape memory properties enormously. Herein, we fabricated a programmable bone screw which is composed of shape memory polyurethane, hydroxyapatite and arginylglycylaspartic acid to resolve the above problem. This composite has significantly improved mechanical and shape-memory properties with a modulus of 250 MPa, a shape fixity ratio of ~90% and a shape recovery ratio of ~96%. Moreover, shape fixity and recovery ratios of the produced SMPC screw in the simulative biological condition were respectively ~80% and ~82%. The produced screw could quickly recover to its original shape in vitro within 20 s leading to easy internal fixation. Additionally, the composite could support mesenchymal stem cell survival, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro tests. It also promoted tissue growth and showed beneficial mechanical compatibility after implantation into a rabbit femoral intracondyle for 12 weeks with little inflammation. Such bone screw exhibited a fast-fixing, tightened fitting, enhanced supporting and boosted bioactivity simultaneously in the defective bone, which provides a solution to the long-standing problem for bone repairing. We envision that our composite material will provide valuable insights into the development of a new generation of bone screws with good fixation and osteogenic properties. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The main obstacles to a wider use of a bone screw are unsatisfied stiffness, inflammatory response and screw loosening issues. Herein, we report a programmable screw with mechanically robust, bioactive and fast-fixing performances. The shape memory polymer composite takes advantage of the component in the natural bone and possesses a stable bush-like structure inside through the covalent bonding, and thus achieve significantly improved mechanical and memory properties. Based on its shape memory effect, the produced screw was proved to offer a recovery force to surroundings and promote the bone regeneration effectively. Therefore, the composite realizes our expectations on functions through structure design and paves a practical and effective way for the development of a new generation of bone screws.
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Filament Extrusion and Its 3D Printing of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(Styrene-co-Methyl Methacrylate) Blends. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9235153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the melt blending of amorphous poly(lactide acid) (PLA) with poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate) (poly(S-co-MMA)). The PLAx/poly(S-co-MMA)y blends were made using amorphous PLA compositions from 50, 75, and 90wt.%, namely PLA50/poly(S-co-MMA)50, PLA75/poly(S-co-MMA)25, and PLA90/poly(S-co-MMA)10, respectively. The PLAx/poly(S-co-MMA)y blend pellets were extruded into filaments through a prototype extruder at 195 °C. The 3D printing was done via fused deposition modeling (FDM) at the same temperature and a 40 mm/s feed rate. Furthermore, thermogravimetric curves of the PLAx/poly(S-co-MMA)y blends showed slight thermal decomposition with less than 0.2% mass loss during filament extrusion and 3D printing. However, the thermal decomposition of the blends is lower when compared to amorphous PLA and poly(S-co-MMA). On the contrary, the PLAx/poly(S-co-MMA)y blend has a higher Young’s modulus (E) than amorphous PLA, and is closer to poly(S-co-MMA), in particular, PLA90/poly(S-co-MMA)10. The PLAx/poly(S-co-MMA)y blends proved improved properties concerning amorphous PLA through mechanical and rheological characterization.
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15
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Recent Trends, Technical Concepts and Components of Computer-Assisted Orthopedic Surgery Systems: A Comprehensive Review. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19235199. [PMID: 31783631 PMCID: PMC6929084 DOI: 10.3390/s19235199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Computer-assisted orthopedic surgery (CAOS) systems have become one of the most important and challenging types of system in clinical orthopedics, as they enable precise treatment of musculoskeletal diseases, employing modern clinical navigation systems and surgical tools. This paper brings a comprehensive review of recent trends and possibilities of CAOS systems. There are three types of the surgical planning systems, including: systems based on the volumetric images (computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound images), further systems utilize either 2D or 3D fluoroscopic images, and the last one utilizes the kinetic information about the joints and morphological information about the target bones. This complex review is focused on three fundamental aspects of CAOS systems: their essential components, types of CAOS systems, and mechanical tools used in CAOS systems. In this review, we also outline the possibilities for using ultrasound computer-assisted orthopedic surgery (UCAOS) systems as an alternative to conventionally used CAOS systems.
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Manholer DD, de Souza MTF, Ambrosio E, Freitas TKFDS, Geraldino HCL, Garcia JC. Coagulation/flocculation of textile effluent using a natural coagulant extracted from Dillenia indica. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 80:979-988. [PMID: 31746805 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of mucilage extracted from the fruit of Dillenia indica for enhancing coagulation in the treatment of textile effluent. The mucilage extraction was carried out in water at room temperature. The pH, concentration of coagulant FeCl3.6H2O, and concentration of mucilage solution were optimized with star-type central composite design (CCD). We were able to analyze the synergistic effects between the FeCl3.6H2O and mucilage concentrations: the process of coagulation/flocculation (CF) for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was more efficient at a low chemical coagulant concentration (8.00 mg L-1) and a higher natural coagulant (NC) concentration (15.00 mg L-1). This demonstrated the potential of this mucilage to treat textile effluents, with 67.66%% COD removal, 96.86% turbidity removal and 91.12% apparent color reduction. The characterization of the mucilage of Dillenia indica was done using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and solid-state cross-polarization magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS 13C NMR), and the signals obtained indicated the presence of polysaccharides, which are responsible for enhancing the CF process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Domingos Manholer
- Department of Graduate Program in Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá-Paraná, Brazil E-mail:
| | | | - Elizângela Ambrosio
- Department of Graduate Program in Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá-Paraná, Brazil E-mail:
| | | | | | - Juliana Carla Garcia
- Department of Graduate Program in Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá-Paraná, Brazil E-mail:
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Shiroud Heidari B, Hedayati Moghaddam A, Davachi SM, Khamani S, Alihosseini A. Optimization of process parameters in plastic injection molding for minimizing the volumetric shrinkage and warpage using radial basis function (RBF) coupled with the k-fold cross validation technique. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2018-0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, a multi-objective design optimization method based on a radial basis function (RBF) model was applied to minimize the volumetric shrinkage and warpage of hip liners as an injection-molded biomedical part. The hip liners included an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) liner and UHMWPE reinforced with a nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) liner. The shrinkage and warpage values of the hip liners were generated by simulation of the injection molding process using Autodesk Moldflow. The RBF model was used to build an approximate function relationship between the objectives and the process parameters. The process parameters, including mold temperature, melt temperature, injection time, packing time, packing pressure, coolant temperature, and type of liner, were surveyed to find the interaction effects of them on the shrinkage and warpage of the liners. The results indicated that the addition of nHA helps the liners to obtain more dimensional stability. The model was validated by the k-fold cross validation technique. Finally, the model revealed the optimal process conditions to achieve the minimized shrinkage and warpage simultaneously for various weights.
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Balali S, Davachi SM, Sahraeian R, Shiroud Heidari B, Seyfi J, Hejazi I. Preparation and Characterization of Composite Blends Based on Polylactic Acid/Polycaprolactone and Silk. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:4358-4369. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Balali
- Department of Chemical and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Davachi
- Department of Chemical and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Soft Tissue Engineering Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razi Sahraeian
- Composites Department, Faculty of Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14975/112, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Shiroud Heidari
- Applied Science Nano Research Group, ASNARKA, Tehran, Iran
- Vascular Engineering Laboratory, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Javad Seyfi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 36155-163, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Iman Hejazi
- Applied Science Nano Research Group, ASNARKA, Tehran, Iran
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Prediction of storage modulus in solid-like poly (lactic acid)/poly (ethylene oxide)/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites assuming the contributions of nanoparticles and interphase regions in the networks. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 86:368-374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Heidari BS, Davachi SM, Moghaddam AH, Seyfi J, Hejazi I, Sahraeian R, Rashedi H. Optimization simulated injection molding process for ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene nanocomposite hip liner using response surface methodology and simulation of mechanical behavior. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 81:95-105. [PMID: 29500982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, injection molding process of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) reinforced with nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) was simulated and optimized through minimizing the shrinkage and warpage of the hip liners as an essential part of a hip prosthesis. Fractional factorial design (FFD) was applied to the design of the experiment, modeling, and optimizing the shrinkage and warpage of UHMWPE/nHA composite liners. The Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to find the importance of operative parameters and their effects. In this experiment, seven input parameters were surveyed, including mold temperature (A), melt temperature (B), injection time (C), packing time (D), packing pressure (E), coolant temperature (F), and type of liner (G). Two models were capable of predicting warpage and volumetric shrinkage (%) in different conditions with R2 of 0.9949 and 0.9989, respectively. According to the models, the optimized values of warpage and volumetric shrinkage are 0.287222 mm and 13.6613%, respectively. Meanwhile, a finite element analysis (FE analysis) was also carried out to examine the stress distribution in liners under the force values of demanding and daily activities. The Von-Mises stress distribution showed that both of the liners can be applied to all activities with no failure. However, UHMWPE/nHA liner is more resistant to the highest loads than UHMWPE liner due to the effect of nHA in the nanocomposite. Finally, according to the results of injection molding simulations, optimization, structural analysis as well as the tensile strength and wear resistance, UHMWPE/nHA liner is recommended for the production of a hip prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Mohammad Davachi
- Department of Chemical and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 13185-768, Tehran, Iran; Soft Tissue Engineering Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amin Hedayati Moghaddam
- Department of Chemical and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 13185-768, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Seyfi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 36155-163, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Iman Hejazi
- Applied Science Nano Research Group, ASNARKA, P.C. 1619948753, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razi Sahraeian
- Composites Department, Faculty of Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14975/112, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Rashedi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Zare Y, Rhim S, Garmabi H, Rhee KY. A simple model for constant storage modulus of poly (lactic acid)/poly (ethylene oxide)/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites at low frequencies assuming the properties of interphase regions and networks. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 80:164-170. [PMID: 29427932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The networks of nanoparticles in nanocomposites cause solid-like behavior demonstrating a constant storage modulus at low frequencies. This study examines the storage modulus of poly (lactic acid)/poly (ethylene oxide)/carbon nanotubes (CNT) nanocomposites. The experimental data of the storage modulus in the plateau regions are obtained by a frequency sweep test. In addition, a simple model is developed to predict the constant storage modulus assuming the properties of the interphase regions and the CNT networks. The model calculations are compared with the experimental results, and the parametric analyses are applied to validate the predictability of the developed model. The calculations properly agree with the experimental data at all polymer and CNT concentrations. Moreover, all parameters acceptably modulate the constant storage modulus. The percentage of the networked CNT, the modulus of networks, and the thickness and modulus of the interphase regions directly govern the storage modulus of nanocomposites. The outputs reveal the important roles of the interphase properties in the storage modulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Zare
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sungsoo Rhim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hamid Garmabi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kyong Yop Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea.
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