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Edgar JC, Fisk CL, Chen YH, Stone-Howell B, Hunter MA, Huang M, Bustillo JR, Cañive JM, Miller GA. By our bootstraps: Comparing methods for measuring auditory 40 Hz steady-state neural activity. Psychophysiology 2017; 54:1110-1127. [PMID: 28421620 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although the 40 Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is of clinical interest, the construct validity of EEG and MEG measures of 40 Hz ASSR cortical microcircuits is unclear. This study evaluated several MEG and EEG metrics by leveraging findings of (a) an association between the 40 Hz ASSR and age in the left but not right hemisphere, and (b) right- > left-hemisphere differences in the strength of the 40 Hz ASSR. The contention is that, if an analysis method does not demonstrate a left 40 Hz ASSR and age relationship or hemisphere differences, then the obtained measures likely have low validity. Fifty-three adults were presented 500 Hz stimuli modulated at 40 Hz while MEG and EEG were collected. ASSR activity was examined as a function of phase similarity (intertrial coherence) and percent change from baseline (total power). A variety of head models (spherical and realistic) and a variety of dipole source modeling strategies (dipole source localization and dipoles fixed to Heschl's gyri) were compared. Several sensor analysis strategies were also tested. EEG sensor measures failed to detect left 40 Hz ASSR and age associations or hemisphere differences. A comparison of MEG and EEG head-source models showed similarity in the 40 Hz ASSR measures and in estimating age and left 40 Hz ASSR associations, indicating good construct validity across models. Given a goal of measuring the 40 Hz ASSR cortical microcircuits, a source-modeling approach was shown to be superior in measuring this construct versus methods that rely on EEG sensor measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Christopher Edgar
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Charles L Fisk
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yu-Han Chen
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Breannan Stone-Howell
- University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Michael A Hunter
- University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Mingxiong Huang
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California.,San Diego VA Healthcare System, Department of Radiology, San Diego, California
| | - Juan R Bustillo
- University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - José M Cañive
- University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,New Mexico Raymond G. Murphy VA Healthcare System, Psychiatry Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Gregory A Miller
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Los Angeles, California
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Edgar JC, Khan SY, Blaskey L, Chow VY, Rey M, Gaetz W, Cannon KM, Monroe JF, Cornew L, Qasmieh S, Liu S, Welsh JP, Levy SE, Roberts TPL. Neuromagnetic oscillations predict evoked-response latency delays and core language deficits in autism spectrum disorders. J Autism Dev Disord 2015; 45:395-405. [PMID: 23963591 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-013-1904-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have observed evoked response latency as well as gamma band superior temporal gyrus (STG) auditory abnormalities in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). A limitation of these studies is that associations between these two abnormalities, as well as the full extent of oscillatory phenomena in ASD in terms of frequency and time, have not been examined. Subjects were presented pure tones at 200, 300, 500, and 1,000 Hz while magnetoencephalography assessed activity in STG auditory areas in a sample of 105 children with ASD and 36 typically developing controls (TD). Findings revealed a profile such that auditory STG processes in ASD were characterized by pre-stimulus abnormalities across multiple frequencies, then early high-frequency abnormalities followed by low-frequency abnormalities. Increased pre-stimulus activity was a 'core' abnormality, with pre-stimulus activity predicting post-stimulus neural abnormalities, group membership, and clinical symptoms (CELF-4 Core Language Index). Deficits in synaptic integration in the auditory cortex are associated with oscillatory abnormalities in ASD as well as patient symptoms. Increased pre-stimulus activity in ASD likely demonstrates a fundamental signal-to-noise deficit in individuals with ASD, with elevations in oscillatory activity suggesting an inability to maintain an appropriate 'neural tone' and an inability to rapidly return to a resting state prior to the next stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Christopher Edgar
- Department of Radiology, Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Wood Bldg, Suite 2115, 34th St. and Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA,
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Gaebler AJ, Mathiak K, Koten JW, König AA, Koush Y, Weyer D, Depner C, Matentzoglu S, Edgar JC, Willmes K, Zvyagintsev M. Auditory mismatch impairments are characterized by core neural dysfunctions in schizophrenia. Brain 2015; 138:1410-23. [PMID: 25743635 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Major theories on the neural basis of schizophrenic core symptoms highlight aberrant salience network activity (insula and anterior cingulate cortex), prefrontal hypoactivation, sensory processing deficits as well as an impaired connectivity between temporal and prefrontal cortices. The mismatch negativity is a potential biomarker of schizophrenia and its reduction might be a consequence of each of these mechanisms. In contrast to the previous electroencephalographic studies, functional magnetic resonance imaging may disentangle the involved brain networks at high spatial resolution and determine contributions from localized brain responses and functional connectivity to the schizophrenic impairments. Twenty-four patients and 24 matched control subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during an optimized auditory mismatch task. Haemodynamic responses and functional connectivity were compared between groups. These data sets further entered a diagnostic classification analysis to assess impairments on the individual patient level. In the control group, mismatch responses were detected in the auditory cortex, prefrontal cortex and the salience network (insula and anterior cingulate cortex). Furthermore, mismatch processing was associated with a deactivation of the visual system and the dorsal attention network indicating a shift of resources from the visual to the auditory domain. The patients exhibited reduced activation in all of the respective systems (right auditory cortex, prefrontal cortex, and the salience network) as well as reduced deactivation of the visual system and the dorsal attention network. Group differences were most prominent in the anterior cingulate cortex and adjacent prefrontal areas. The latter regions also exhibited a reduced functional connectivity with the auditory cortex in the patients. In the classification analysis, haemodynamic responses yielded a maximal accuracy of 83% based on four features; functional connectivity data performed similarly or worse for up to about 10 features. However, connectivity data yielded a better performance when including more than 10 features yielding up to 90% accuracy. Among others, the most discriminating features represented functional connections between the auditory cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex as well as adjacent prefrontal areas. Auditory mismatch impairments incorporate major neural dysfunctions in schizophrenia. Our data suggest synergistic effects of sensory processing deficits, aberrant salience attribution, prefrontal hypoactivation as well as a disrupted connectivity between temporal and prefrontal cortices. These deficits are associated with subsequent disturbances in modality-specific resource allocation. Capturing different schizophrenic core dysfunctions, functional magnetic resonance imaging during this optimized mismatch paradigm reveals processing impairments on the individual patient level, rendering it a potential biomarker of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnim Johannes Gaebler
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany 2 JARA-Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Klaus Mathiak
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany 2 JARA-Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan Willem Koten
- 3 Neuropsychology Section, Department of Neurology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany 4 Neuropsychology Section, Department of Psychology, Karl Franzens University, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Anna König
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany 2 JARA-Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yury Koush
- 5 Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland 6 Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Weyer
- 7 Brain Imaging Facility, IZKF Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Conny Depner
- 8 Katharina Kasper Via Nobis GmbH, Hospital for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Gangelt, Germany
| | - Simeon Matentzoglu
- 8 Katharina Kasper Via Nobis GmbH, Hospital for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Gangelt, Germany
| | - James Christopher Edgar
- 9 Department of Radiology, Lurie Family Foundation MEG Imaging Centre, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Klaus Willmes
- 3 Neuropsychology Section, Department of Neurology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mikhail Zvyagintsev
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany 2 JARA-Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany 7 Brain Imaging Facility, IZKF Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Mathiak K, Ackermann H, Rapp A, Mathiak KA, Shergill S, Riecker A, Kircher TTJ. Neuromagnetic oscillations and hemodynamic correlates of P50 suppression in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2011; 194:95-104. [PMID: 21827965 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2010] [Revised: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral and electrophysiological data indicate compromised stimulus suppression in schizophrenia. The physiological basis of this effect and its contributions to the etiology of the disease are poorly understood. We examined neural and metabolic measures of P50 suppression in 12 patients with schizophrenia and controls. First, whole-head magnetoencephalography (MEG) assessed amplitudes of left- and right-hemispheric evoked responses and induced oscillations. Secondly, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measured the hemodynamic responses to pairs of beeps with a short interval (500ms) as compared with those with a long interval (1500ms). The suppression of alpha power (8-13Hz) time-locked to the stimuli was negatively correlated with the suppression of evoked components and the hemodynamic measures. Remarkably, the suppression of alpha power was reduced in the patients already prior to stimulus onset. Conceivably, alpha oscillations play a central role in stimulus adaptation of neuronal networks and reflect an active mechanism for sensory suppression. The reduced stimulus suppression in schizophrenia seems to be in part due to impaired generation of alpha oscillations in the auditory cortex, resulting in higher metabolic demand as detected by fMRI. Delayed recovery of alpha rhythm may reflect an impaired gating function and contribute to sensory and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Mathiak
- Department of Psychiatry, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
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Thönnessen H, Boers F, Dammers J, Chen YH, Norra C, Mathiak K. Early sensory encoding of affective prosody: Neuromagnetic tomography of emotional category changes. Neuroimage 2010; 50:250-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2009] [Revised: 11/01/2009] [Accepted: 11/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heike Thönnessen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, JARA-Translational Brain Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
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