1
|
Arora S, Sharma D, Layek B, Singh J. A Review of Brain-Targeted Nonviral Gene-Based Therapies for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:4237-4255. [PMID: 34705472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) are difficult to treat owing to the complexity of the brain and the presence of a natural blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major progressive and currently incurable neurodegenerative disorders of the CNS, which accounts for 60-80% of cases of dementia. The pathophysiology of AD involves the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain. Additionally, synaptic loss and imbalance of neuronal signaling molecules are characterized as important markers of AD. Existing treatments of AD help in the management of its symptoms and aim toward the maintenance of cognitive functions, behavior, and attenuation of gradual memory loss. Over the past decade, nonviral gene therapy has attracted increasing interest due to its various advantages over its viral counterparts. Moreover, advancements in nonviral gene technology have led to their increasing contributions in clinical trials. However, brain-targeted nonviral gene delivery vectors come across various extracellular and intracellular barriers, limiting their ability to transfer the therapeutic gene into the target cells. Chief barriers to nonviral gene therapy have been discussed briefly in this review. We have also highlighted the rapid advancement of several nonviral gene therapies for AD, which are broadly categorized into physical and chemical methods. These methods aim to modulate Aβ, beta-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), apolipoprotein E, or neurotrophic factors' expression in the CNS. Overall, this review discusses challenges and recent advancements of nonviral gene therapy for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Arora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Divya Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Buddhadev Layek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| | - Jagdish Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Decker RE, Lamantia ZE, Emrick TS, Figueiredo ML. Sonodelivery in Skeletal Muscle: Current Approaches and Future Potential. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E107. [PMID: 32916815 PMCID: PMC7552685 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There are currently multiple approaches to facilitate gene therapy via intramuscular gene delivery, such as electroporation, viral delivery, or direct DNA injection with or without polymeric carriers. Each of these methods has benefits, but each method also has shortcomings preventing it from being established as the ideal technique. A promising method, ultrasound-mediated gene delivery (or sonodelivery) is inexpensive, widely available, reusable, minimally invasive, and safe. Hurdles to utilizing sonodelivery include choosing from a large variety of conditions, which are often dependent on the equipment and/or research group, and moderate transfection efficiencies when compared to some other gene delivery methods. In this review, we provide a comprehensive look at the breadth of sonodelivery techniques for intramuscular gene delivery and suggest future directions for this continuously evolving field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard E. Decker
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (R.E.D.); (Z.E.L.)
| | - Zachary E. Lamantia
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (R.E.D.); (Z.E.L.)
| | - Todd S. Emrick
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Marxa L. Figueiredo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (R.E.D.); (Z.E.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rintz E, Gaffke L, Podlacha M, Brokowska J, Cyske Z, Węgrzyn G, Pierzynowska K. Transcriptomic Changes Related to Cellular Processes with Particular Emphasis on Cell Activation in Lysosomal Storage Diseases from the Group of Mucopolysaccharidoses. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093194. [PMID: 32366041 PMCID: PMC7246638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), inherited metabolic diseases from the group of lysosomal storage diseases (LSD), are monogenic disorders, recent studies indicated that their molecular mechanisms are complicated. Storage of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), arising from a deficiency in one of the enzymes involved in the degradation of these compounds, is the primary cause of each MPS type. However, dysfunctions of various cellular organelles and disturbance of cellular processes have been reported which contribute considerably to pathomechanisms of the disease. Here, we present a complex transcriptomic analysis in which all types and subtypes of MPS were investigated, with special emphasis on genes related to cell activation processes. Complex changes in expression of these genes were found in fibroblasts of all MPS types, with number of transcripts revealing higher or lower levels (relative to control fibroblasts) between 19 and over 50, depending on MPS type. Genes in which expression was significantly affected in most MPS types code for proteins involved in following processes, classified according to Gene Ontology knowledge database: cell activation, cell growth, cell recognition, and cell division. Levels of some transcripts (including CD9, CLU, MME and others) were especially significantly changed (over five times relative to controls). Our results are discussed in the light of molecular pathomechanisms of MPS, indicating that secondary and/or tertiary changes, relative to GAG storage, might significantly modulate cellular dysfunctions and contribute to molecular mechanisms of the disease. This may influence the efficacy of various therapies and suggests why various treatments are not fully effective in improving the complex symptoms of MPS.
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Wang J, Zhang S, Liu Z. Neprilysin gene transfer: A promising therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci Res 2015; 93:1325-9. [PMID: 26096375 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanli Li
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy; Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Junqing Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy; Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Shenghao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery; Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy; Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pope D, Madura JD, Cascio M. β-Amyloid and neprilysin computational studies identify critical residues implicated in binding specificity. J Chem Inf Model 2014; 54:1157-65. [PMID: 24650257 DOI: 10.1021/ci500015m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The zinc metalloprotease neprilysin (NEP) promiscuously degrades small bioactive peptides. NEP is among a select group of metalloenzymes that degrade the amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ) in vivo and in situ. Since accumulation of neurotoxic Aβ aggregates in the brain appears to be a causative agent in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), increased clearance of Aβ resulting from overexpression of NEP exhibits therapeutic potential for AD. However, higher NEP peptidase activity may be harmful without an increased specificity for Aβ over other competing substrates. Crystal structures of NEP-inhibitor complexes and their characterization have highlighted potential amino acid interactions involved in substrate binding and are used as templates to guide our methodology in docking Aβ in NEP. Results from protein-ligand docking calculations predict S2' subsite residues Arg 102 and Arg 110 of NEP participate in specific interactions with Aβ. These interactions provide insight into developing NEP specificity for Aβ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darrick Pope
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Computational Sciences, Duquesne University , 600 Forbes Avenue, 331 Mellon Hall, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Introduction of Genes via Sonoporation and Electroporation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 818:231-54. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-6458-6_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
7
|
Sakamura Y, Yoshiura M, Tang H, Mori T, Katayama Y, Niidome T. Thermal Enhancement of Gene Transfection in Tumor Cells Mediated by the Photothermal Effect of Gold Nanorods. CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sakamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Moemi Yoshiura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Hengmin Tang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Yoshiki Katayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University
- International Research Center for Molecular System, Kyushu University
| | - Takuro Niidome
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nalivaeva NN, Belyaev ND, Zhuravin IA, Turner AJ. The Alzheimer's amyloid-degrading peptidase, neprilysin: can we control it? Int J Alzheimers Dis 2012; 2012:383796. [PMID: 22900228 PMCID: PMC3412116 DOI: 10.1155/2012/383796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The amyloid cascade hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) postulates that accumulation in the brain of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) is the primary trigger for neuronal loss specific to this pathology. In healthy brain, Aβ levels are regulated by a dynamic equilibrium between Aβ release from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its removal by perivascular drainage or by amyloid-degrading enzymes (ADEs). During the last decade, the ADE family was fast growing, and currently it embraces more than 20 members. There are solid data supporting involvement of each of them in Aβ clearance but a zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin (NEP) is considered as a major ADE. NEP plays an important role in brain function due to its role in terminating neuropeptide signalling and its decrease during ageing or after such pathologies as hypoxia or ischemia contribute significantly to the development of AD pathology. The recently discovered mechanism of epigenetic regulation of NEP by the APP intracellular domain (AICD) opens new avenues for its therapeutic manipulation and raises hope for developing preventive strategies in AD. However, consideration needs to be given to the diverse physiological roles of NEP. This paper critically evaluates general biochemical and physiological functions of NEP and their therapeutic relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. N. Nalivaeva
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - N. D. Belyaev
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - I. A. Zhuravin
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, RAS, 44 Thorez Avenue, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - A. J. Turner
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li Y, Wang J, Satterle A, Wu Q, Wang J, Liu F. Gene transfer to skeletal muscle by site-specific delivery of electroporation and ultrasound. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 424:203-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.06.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
10
|
Li Y, Wang J, Grebogi C, Foote M, Liu F. A syringe-focused ultrasound device for simultaneous injection of DNA and gene transfer. J Gene Med 2012; 14:54-61. [DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jue Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an; China
| | - Celso Grebogi
- Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, SUPA, King's College; University of Aberdeen; Aberdeen; UK
| | - Michael Foote
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics; University of North Carolina, School of Pharmacy; Chapel Hill; NC; USA
| | - Feng Liu
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics; University of North Carolina, School of Pharmacy; Chapel Hill; NC; USA
| |
Collapse
|