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Myeloid caspase-8 restricts RIPK3-dependent proinflammatory IL-1β production and CD4 T cell activation in autoimmune demyelination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2117636119. [PMID: 35671429 PMCID: PMC9214530 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2117636119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Caspase-8 functions at the crossroad of programmed cell death and inflammation. Here, using genetic approaches and the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of inflammatory demyelination, we identified a negative regulatory pathway for caspase-8 in infiltrated macrophages whereby it functions to restrain interleukin (IL)-1β-driven autoimmune inflammation. Caspase-8 is partially activated in macrophages/microglia in active lesions of multiple sclerosis. Selective ablation of Casp8 in myeloid cells, but not microglia, exacerbated autoimmune demyelination. Heightened IL-1β production by caspase-8-deficient macrophages underlies exacerbated activation of encephalitogenic T cells and production of GM-CSF and interferon-γ. Mechanistically, IL-1β overproduction by primed caspase-8-deficient macrophages was mediated by RIPK1/RIPK3 through the engagement of NLRP3 inflammasome and was independent of cell death. When instructed by autoreactive CD4 T cells in the presence of antigen, caspase-8-deficient macrophages, but not their wild-type counterparts, released significant amount of IL-1β that in turn acted through IL-1R to amplify T cell activation. Moreover, the worsened experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis progression in myeloid Casp8 mutant mice was completely reversed when Ripk3 was simultaneously deleted. Together, these data reveal a functional link between T cell-driven autoimmunity and inflammatory IL-1β that is negatively regulated by caspase-8, and suggest that dysregulation of the pathway may contribute to inflammatory autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis.
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Kiselev I, Bashinskaya V, Baulina N, Kozin M, Popova E, Boyko A, Favorova O, Kulakova O. Genetic differences between primary progressive and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: The impact of immune-related genes variability. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019; 29:130-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mojaverrostami S, Bojnordi MN, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Ebrahimzadeh MA, Hamidabadi HG. A Review of Herbal Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis. Adv Pharm Bull 2018; 8:575-590. [PMID: 30607330 PMCID: PMC6311642 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2018.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a complex autoimmune disorder which characterized by demyelination and axonal loss in the central nervous system (CNS). Several evidences indicate that some new drugs and stem cell therapy have opened a new horizon for multiple sclerosis treatment, but current therapies are partially effective or not safe in the long term. Recently, herbal therapies represent a promising therapeutic approach for multiple sclerosis disease. Here, we consider the potential benefits of some herbal compounds on different aspects of multiple sclerosis disease. The medicinal plants and their derivatives; Ginkgo biloba, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Hypericum perforatum, Valeriana officinalis, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Nigella sativa,Piper methysticum, Crocus sativus, Panax ginseng, Boswellia papyrifera, Vitis vinifera, Gastrodia elata, Camellia sinensis, Oenothera biennis, MS14 and Cannabis sativa have been informed to have several therapeutic effects in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Mojaverrostami
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Behshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Behshahr, Iran
| | - Maryam Nazm Bojnordi
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hatef Ghasemi Hamidabadi
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Immunogenetic Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are classified as either having relapsing onset or progressive onset disease, also known as primary progressive MS (PPMS). Relative to relapsing onset patients, PPMS patients are older at disease onset, are equally likely to be men or women, and have more rapid accumulation of disability that does not respond well to treatments used in relapsing onset MS. Although estimates vary, 5-15% of all MS patients have a PPMS disease course. Genetic variance is a proposed determinant of MS disease course. If distinct genes associated with PPMS were identified study of these genes might lead to an understanding of the biology underlying disease progression and neural degeneration that are the hallmarks of PPMS. These genes and their biological pathways might also represent therapeutic targets. This chapter systematically reviews the PPMS genetic literature. Despite the intuitively appealing notion that differences between PPMS and relapsing onset MS are due to genetics, definite differences associated with these phenotypes at the major histocompatibility complex or elsewhere in the genome have not been found. Recent large-scale genome wide screens identified multiple genes associated with MS susceptibility outside the MHC. The genetic variants identified thus far make only weak individual contributions to MS susceptibility. If the genetic effects that contribute to the differences between PPMS and relapsing MS are similar in magnitude to those that distinguish MS from healthy controls then, given the relative scarcity of the PPMS phenotype, very large datasets will be needed to identify PPMS associated genes. International collaborative efforts could provide the means to identify such genes. Alternately, it is possible that factors other than genetics underlie the differences between these clinical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A C Cree
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
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Almeida A. Genetic determinants of neuronal vulnerability to apoptosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:71-88. [PMID: 22695677 PMCID: PMC11113535 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a common mode of cell death that contributes to neuronal loss associated with neurodegeneration. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chromosomal DNA are contributing factors dictating natural susceptibility of humans to disease. Here, the most common SNPs affecting neuronal vulnerability to apoptosis are reviewed in the context of neurological disorders. Polymorphic variants in genes encoding apoptotic proteins, either from the extrinsic (FAS, TNF-α, CASP8) or the intrinsic (BAX, BCL2, CASP3, CASP9) pathways could be highly valuable in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. Interestingly, the Arg72Pro SNP in TP53, the gene encoding tumor suppressor p53, was recently revealed a biomarker of poor prognosis in stroke due to its ability to modulate neuronal apoptotic death. Search for new SNPs responsible for genetic variability to apoptosis will ensure the implementation of novel diagnostic and prognostic tools, as well as therapeutic strategies against neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeles Almeida
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
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Comi C, Fleetwood T, Dianzani U. The role of T cell apoptosis in nervous system autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 2012; 12:150-6. [PMID: 22504460 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2011.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fas is a transmembrane receptor involved in the death program of several cell lines, including T lymphocytes. Deleterious mutations hitting genes involved in the Fas pathway cause the autoimmune lymphoprolipherative syndrome (ALPS). Moreover, defective Fas function is involved in the development of common autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune syndromes hitting the nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). In this review, we first explore some peculiar aspects of Fas mediated apoptosis in the central versus peripheral nervous system (CNS, PNS); thereafter, we analyze what is currently known on the role of T cell apoptosis in both MS and CIDP, which, in this regard, may be seen as two faces of the same coin. In fact, we show that, in both diseases, defective Fas mediated apoptosis plays a crucial role favoring disease development and its chronic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Comi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Neurology, Amedeo Avogadro University, Novara, Italy.
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Martinelli-Boneschi F, Esposito F, Brambilla P, Lindström E, Lavorgna G, Stankovich J, Rodegher M, Capra R, Ghezzi A, Coniglio G, Colombo B, Sorosina M, Martinelli V, Booth D, Oturai AB, Stewart G, Harbo HF, Kilpatrick TJ, Hillert J, Rubio JP, Abderrahim H, Wojcik J, Comi G. A genome-wide association study in progressive multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2012; 18:1384-94. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458512439118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The role played by genetic factors in influencing the clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not yet well established. Objective: We aimed to identify genetic variants associated with progressive MS (PrMS). Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 197 patients with PrMS and 234 controls of Italian origin. We tested the top 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with suggestive evidence of association ( p-value<10−4) in two independent sets of primary progressive MS cases and controls. Results: We identified a risk-associated SNP in the HLA region in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with DRB1*1501 and DQB*0602 loci, with genome-wide significance (rs3129934T, pcombined=6.7×10-16, OR=2.34, 95% CI=1.90–2.87), and a novel locus on chromosome 7q35 with suggestive evidence of association (rs996343G, pcombined=2.4×10-5, OR=0.70, 95% CI=0.59–0.83) which maps within a human endogenous retroviral (HERV) element. The new locus did not have a ‘ cis’ effect on RNA expression in lymphoblastic cell lines, but pathway analyses of ‘ trans’ effects point to an expression regulation of genes involved in neurodegeneration, including glutamate metabolism ( p<0.01) and axonal guidance signalling ( p<0.02). Conclusions: We have confirmed the established association with the HLA region and, despite the low statistical power of the study, we found suggestive evidence for association with a novel locus on chromosome 7, with a putative regulatory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Martinelli-Boneschi
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- These two authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Federica Esposito
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- These two authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Paola Brambilla
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Lindström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jim Stankovich
- Menzies Research Institute, University of Tasmania, Australia
| | - Mariaemma Rodegher
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ruggero Capra
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neurology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy
| | - Angelo Ghezzi
- Centro Studi Sclerosi Multipla, Ospedale di Gallarate (VA), Italy
| | | | - Bruno Colombo
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Melissa Sorosina
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Martinelli
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - David Booth
- Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Annette Bang Oturai
- The Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Graeme Stewart
- Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Hanne F. Harbo
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University, Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jan Hillert
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Justin P Rubio
- Florey Neuroscience Institutes, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Jerome Wojcik
- Merck-Serono Genetics Research Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giancarlo Comi
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) and Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Tufekci KU, Oner MG, Genc S, Genc K. MicroRNAs and Multiple Sclerosis. Autoimmune Dis 2010; 2011:807426. [PMID: 21188194 PMCID: PMC3003960 DOI: 10.4061/2011/807426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as a new class of modulators of gene expression. miRNAs control protein synthesis by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or degradation at the posttranscriptional level. These noncoding RNAs are endogenous, single-stranded molecules approximately 22 nucleotides in length and have roles in multiple facets of immunity, from regulation of development of key cellular players to activation and function in immune responses. Recent studies have shown that dysregulation of miRNAs involved in immune responses leads to autoimmunity. Multiple sclerosis (MS) serves as an example of a chronic and organ-specific autoimmune disease in which miRNAs modulate immune responses in the peripheral immune compartment and the neuroinflammatory process in the brain. For MS, miRNAs have the potential to serve as modifying drugs. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of miRNA biogenesis and mode of action and the diverse roles of miRNAs in modulating the immune and inflammatory responses. We also review the role of miRNAs in autoimmunity, focusing on emerging data regarding miRNA expression patterns in MS. Finally, we discuss the potential of miRNAs as a disease marker and a novel therapeutic target in MS. Better understanding of the role of miRNAs in MS will improve our knowledge of the pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Ugur Tufekci
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
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