1
|
Oxidative Stress Profile of Mothers and Their Offspring after Maternal Consumption of High-Fat Diet in Rodents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9073859. [PMID: 34868458 PMCID: PMC8636978 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9073859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to the high-fat diet (HFD) during gestation or lactation can be harmful to both a mother and offspring. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate the studies with animal models (rodents) that were exposed to the high-fat diet during pregnancy and/or lactation period to investigate oxidative stress and lipid and liver enzyme profile of mothers and their offspring. The electronic search was performed in the PUBMED (Public/Publisher MEDLINE), EMBASE (Ovid), and Web of Science databases. Data from 77 studies were included for qualitative analysis, and of these, 13 studies were included for meta-analysis by using a random effects model. The pooled analysis revealed higher malondialdehyde levels in offspring of high-fat diet groups. Furthermore, the pooled analysis showed increased reactive oxygen species and lower superoxide dismutase and catalase in offspring of mothers exposed to high-fat diet during pregnancy and/or lactation. Despite significant heterogeneity, the systematic review shows oxidative stress in offspring induced by maternal HFD.
Collapse
|
2
|
Dong XJ, Chen JY, Chen SF, Li Y, Zhao XJ. The composition and anti-inflammatory properties of pumpkin seeds. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00783-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
3
|
Easton ZJW, Regnault TRH. The Impact of Maternal Body Composition and Dietary Fat Consumption upon Placental Lipid Processing and Offspring Metabolic Health. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103031. [PMID: 33022934 PMCID: PMC7601624 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The proportion of women of reproductive age who are overweight or obese is increasing globally. Gestational obesity is strongly associated in both human studies and animal models with early-onset development of adult-associated metabolic diseases including metabolic syndrome in the exposed offspring. However, animal model studies have suggested that gestational diet in obese pregnancies is an independent but underappreciated mediator of offspring risk for later life metabolic disease, and human diet consumption data have highlighted that many women do not follow nutritional guidelines prior to and during pregnancy. Thus, this review will highlight how maternal diet independent from maternal body composition impacts the risk for later-life metabolic disease in obesity-exposed offspring. A poor maternal diet, in combination with the obese metabolic state, are understood to facilitate pathological in utero programming, specifically through changes in lipid handling processes in the villous trophoblast layer of the placenta that promote an environment associated with the development of metabolic disease in the offspring. This review will additionally highlight how maternal obesity modulates villous trophoblast lipid processing functions including fatty acid transport, esterification and beta-oxidation. Further, this review will discuss how altering maternal gestational diet may ameliorate these functional changes in lipid metabolic processes in the obese placenta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. W. Easton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, Medical Sciences Building Room 216, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(519)-661-2111 (ext. 82869)
| | - Timothy R. H. Regnault
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, Medical Sciences Building Room 216, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, London Health Science Centre-Victoria Hospital, B2-401, London, ON N6H 5W9, Canada
- Children’s Health Research Institute, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6C 2V5, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, 750 Base Line Rd E, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Comparison of bovine milk fat and vegetable fat for infant formula: Implications for infant health. Int Dairy J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
5
|
Yang C, Lim W, Bazer FW, Song G. Decanoic acid suppresses proliferation and invasiveness of human trophoblast cells by disrupting mitochondrial function. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 339:121-132. [PMID: 29248464 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Decanoic acid (DA) is a medium-chain fatty acid used in the manufacture of various products including plastics, cosmetics, and lubricants. In addition to antiviral and antibacterial effects, DA's, reported biological activities include regulation of signaling pathways and redox homeostasis in various human cell types. The influence of DA on functional properties of human trophoblasts, including proliferation, invasion and apoptosis is currently unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects of DA on the human trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo. In addition, DA induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induction of lipid peroxidation (LPO). This oxidative stress was accompanied by activation of the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway in HTR8/SVneo cells. We also observed elevated mitochondrial Ca2+, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in response to DA treatment. Chelation of mitochondrial Ca2+ using BAPTA-AM rescued cellular proliferation suppressed by DA. We also verified that signaling proteins including AKT, P70S6K, S6, and ERK1/2 and their targets were significantly reduced in HTR8/SVneo cells by DA treatment. Pre-treatment of cells with selective inhibitors of AKT (LY294002) and ERK1/2 (U0126) revealed that the AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways regulated by DA displayed cross-talk in HTR8/SVneo cells. Collectively, these results suggest that personal products containing DA will have harmful effects on human trophoblasts, and could cause implantation and placentation failure during early pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changwon Yang
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA; Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tellechea ML, Mensegue MF, Pirola CJ. The Association between High Fat Diet around Gestation and Metabolic Syndrome-related Phenotypes in Rats: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5086. [PMID: 28698653 PMCID: PMC5506021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05344-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous rodent studies have evaluated the effects of a maternal high-fat diet (HFD) on later in life susceptibility to Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) with varying results. Our aim was to quantitatively synthesize the available data on effects of maternal HFD around gestation on offspring's body mass, body fat, plasma leptin, glucose, insulin, lipids and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Literature was screened and summary estimates of the effect of maternal HFD on outcomes were calculated by using fixed- or random-effects models. 362 effect sizes from 68 studies together with relevant moderators were collected. We found that maternal HFD is statistically associated with higher body fat, body weight, leptin, glucose, insulin and triglycerides levels, together with increased SBP in offspring later in life. Our analysis also revealed non-significant overall effect on offspring's HDL-cholesterol. A main source of variation among studies emerged from rat strain and lard-based diet type. Strain and sex -specific effects on particular data subsets were detected. Recommendations are suggested for future research in the field of developmental programming of the MetS. Despite significant heterogeneity, our meta-analysis confirms that maternal HFD had long-term metabolic effects in offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana L Tellechea
- University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Medical Research A Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) - University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Medical Research (IDIM), Department of Molecular Genetics and Biology of Complex Diseases, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Melisa F Mensegue
- University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Medical Research A Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) - University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Medical Research (IDIM), Department of Molecular Genetics and Biology of Complex Diseases, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos J Pirola
- University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Medical Research A Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) - University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Medical Research (IDIM), Department of Molecular Genetics and Biology of Complex Diseases, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
An Increased Dietary Supply of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids during Early Weaning in Rodents Prevents Excessive Fat Accumulation in Adulthood. Nutrients 2017. [PMID: 28632178 PMCID: PMC5490610 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) are a directly and readily absorbed source of energy. Exposure early-in-life to increased MCFA levels might affect development and impact (lipid) metabolism later in life. We tested whether an increased MCFA intake early-in-life positively affects adult body composition and metabolic status when challenged by a western-style diet (WSD). Male offspring of C57Bl/6j mice and Wistar rats were fed a control diet (CTRL; 10 w% fat, 14% MCFA) or a medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) diet with 20% MCFA until postnatal (PN) day 42, whereupon animals were fed a WSD (10 w% fat) until PN day 98. Body composition was monitored by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). In rats, glucose homeostasis was assessed by glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT); in mice, the HOmeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. At autopsy on PN day 98, plasma lipid profiles, glucose, insulin, and adipokines were measured; organs and fat pads were collected and the adipocyte size distribution was analysed. Milk analysis in mice showed that the maternal MCT diet was not translated into milk, and pups were thus only exposed to high MCT levels from early weaning onward: PN day 16 until 42. Mice exposed to MCT showed 28% less fat accumulation vs. CTRL during WSD. The average adipocyte cell size, fasting plasma triglycerides (TG), and leptin levels were reduced in MCT mice. In rats, no effects were found on the adult body composition, but the adipocyte cell size distribution shifted towards smaller adipocytes. Particularly mice showed positive effects on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Increased MCFA intake early-in-life protected against the detrimental effects of an obesogenic diet in adulthood.
Collapse
|
8
|
Safety assessment of medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols containing 30% (w/w) medium-chain fatty acids in mice and rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 86:42-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
9
|
Gimpfl M, Rozman J, Dahlhoff M, Kübeck R, Blutke A, Rathkolb B, Klingenspor M, Hrabě de Angelis M, Öner-Sieben S, Seibt A, Roscher AA, Wolf E, Ensenauer R. Modification of the fatty acid composition of an obesogenic diet improves the maternal and placental metabolic environment in obese pregnant mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1605-1614. [PMID: 28235645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peri-conceptional exposure to maternal obesogenic nutrition is associated with in utero programming of later-life overweight and metabolic disease in the offspring. We aimed to investigate whether dietary intervention with a modified fatty acid quality in an obesogenic high-calorie (HC) diet during the preconception and gestational phases can improve unfavourable effects of an adipogenic maternal environment. In NMRI mice, peri-conceptional and gestational obesity was induced by feeding a HC diet (controls), and they were compared with dams on a fat-modified (Fat-mod) HC diet of the same energy content but enriched with medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and adjusted to a decreased ratio of n-6 to n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). Effects on maternal and placental outcomes at delivery (day 17.5 post coitum) were investigated. Despite comparable energy assimilation between the two groups of dams, the altered fatty acid composition of the Fat-mod HC diet induced lower maternal body weight, weights of fat depots, adipocyte size, and hepatic fat accumulation compared to the unmodified HC diet group. Further, there was a trend towards lower fasting glucose, insulin and leptin concentrations in dams fed the Fat-mod HC diet. Phenotypic changes were accompanied by inhibition of transcript and protein expression of genes involved in hepatic de novo lipogenesis comprising PPARG2 and its target genes Fasn, Acaca, and Fabp4, whereas regulation of other lipogenic factors (Srebf1, Nr1h3, Abca1) appeared to be more complex. The modified diet led to a sex-specific placental response by upregulating PPARG-dependent fatty acid transport gene expression in female versus male placentae. Qualitative modification of the fatty acid spectrum of a high-energy maternal diet, using a combination of both MCFAs and n-3 LC-PUFAs, seems to be a promising interventional approach to ameliorate the adipogenic milieu of mice before and during gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gimpfl
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Jan Rozman
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Maik Dahlhoff
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Raphaela Kübeck
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany; Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else-Kröner Fresenius Center, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85350 Freising, Germany.
| | - Andreas Blutke
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else-Kröner Fresenius Center, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85350 Freising, Germany.
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Alte Akademie 8, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Soner Öner-Sieben
- Experimental Pediatrics and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Annette Seibt
- Experimental Pediatrics and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Adelbert A Roscher
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Regina Ensenauer
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany; Experimental Pediatrics and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chamma CMDO, Bargut TCL, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Aguila MB. A rich medium-chain triacylglycerol diet benefits adiposity but has adverse effects on the markers of hepatic lipogenesis and beta-oxidation. Food Funct 2017; 8:778-787. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01663d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the increasing amounts of medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT) in the diet on hepatic lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Maria de Oliveira Chamma
- Laboratory of Morphometry
- Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Biomedical Center
- Institute of Biology
- State University of Rio de Janeiro
| | - Thereza Cristina Lonzetti Bargut
- Laboratory of Morphometry
- Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Biomedical Center
- Institute of Biology
- State University of Rio de Janeiro
| | | | - Marcia Barbosa Aguila
- Laboratory of Morphometry
- Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Biomedical Center
- Institute of Biology
- State University of Rio de Janeiro
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Park KM, Lee JH, Hong SC, Kwon CW, Jo M, Choi SJ, Kim K, Chang PS. Selective production of 1-monocaprin by porcine liver carboxylesterase-catalyzed esterification: Its enzyme kinetics and catalytic performance. Enzyme Microb Technol 2015; 82:51-57. [PMID: 26672448 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Porcine liver carboxylesterase (PLE) belongs to carboxylesterase family (EC 3.1.1.1) as a serine-type esterase. The PLE-catalyzed esterification of capric acid with glycerol in reverse micelles was investigated on the catalytic performance and enzyme kinetics. The most suitable structure of reverse micelles was comprised of isooctane (reaction medium) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT, anionic surfactant) with 0.1 of R-value ([water]/[surfactant]) and 3.0 of G/F-value ([glycerol]/[fatty acid]) for the PLE-catalyzed esterification. In the aspect of regio-selectivity, the PLE mainly produced 1-monocaprin without any other products (di- and/or tricaprins of subsequent reactions). Furthermore, the degree of esterification at equilibrium state (after 4 h from the initiation) was 62.7% under the optimum conditions at pH 7.0 and 60 °C. Based on Hanes-Woolf plot, the apparent Km and Vmax values were calculated to be 16.44 mM and 38.91 μM/min/mg protein, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Min Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyuk Lee
- Research Institute of Food and Biotechnology, SPC group, Seoul 137-887, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Woo Kwon
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Minje Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jun Choi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, and Department of Interdisciplinary Bio IT Materials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 139-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Keesung Kim
- Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Pahn-Shick Chang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea; Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang Q, Le HE, Mu GL, Lu HS, Dai N. Effect of different ways of oxygen inhalation on postoperative hypoxemia and quality of life in esophageal cancer patients. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:1121-1124. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i7.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the effect of different ways of oxygen inhalation on postoperative hypoxemia and quality of life in esophageal cancer patients.
METHODS: Ninety-eight esophageal cancer patients who were treated at our hospital were randomly divided into two groups to receive either face mask oxygen inhalation (observation group) or unilateral nasal catheter oxygen inhalation (control group), with 49 cases in each group. Postoperative changes of pCO2, pO2 and oxygen saturation levels at T1, T2, and T3 time points, rate of postoperative complications and hospital stay were compared for the two groups. The SF-36 scale was used to evaluate quality of life after discharge.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, PO2 at T1 and T2 significantly increased (P < 0.05), and pCO2, pO2 at other time times and oxygen saturation did not show significant differences (P > 0.05) in the observation group. Hospital stay was significantly shorter for the observation group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). All patients in the two group survived and were followed. Compared with the control group, the life quality indexes PF, RP, and RE scores all significantly increased at 6 and 12 mo after discharge (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Face mask oxygen inhalation can better decrease the incidence of postoperative hypoxemia, reduce hospital stay, and improve quality of life in esophageal cancer patients.
Collapse
|
13
|
A maternal mouse diet with moderately high-fat levels does not lead to maternal obesity but causes mesenteric adipose tissue dysfunction in male offspring. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 26:259-66. [PMID: 25533905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The impact of an increase in maternal fat consumption on fetal metabolic programming separately from maternal obesity remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to document the effect of in utero high-fat diet exposure on the development of metabolic syndrome characteristics in offspring. C57BL/6 female mice were fed either a control diet (10% fat) or a moderately high-fat (MHF) diet (45% fat) until delivery. All pups were fostered to mothers fed with the control diet. Pups were raised on the control diet and assessed until 35 weeks of age. The caloric intake from fat was significantly increased in the MHF dams compared with the control dams. There were no significant differences in the maternal weight at mating or at gestational Day 18 between the two groups. The MHF offspring did not become obese, but they developed hypertension and glucose intolerance. Moreover, the MHF offspring had significantly higher serum non-esterified fatty acid and triglyceride levels during the refeeding state following fasting as compared with the control offspring. Serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower, and the cell size of the mesenteric adipose tissue was significantly larger in the MHF offspring than in the control offspring. The mRNA levels of the proinflammatory macrophage markers in the mesenteric adipose tissue were significantly higher in the MHF offspring than those of the control offspring. These results suggest that in utero high-fat diet exposure causes hypertension and glucose intolerance resulting from mesenteric adipose tissue dysfunction in offspring, independently of maternal obesity.
Collapse
|
14
|
King V, Norman JE, Seckl JR, Drake AJ. Post-weaning diet determines metabolic risk in mice exposed to overnutrition in early life. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2014; 12:73. [PMID: 25082159 PMCID: PMC4120004 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-12-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal overnutrition during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of obesity and cardiometabolic disease in the offspring; a phenomenon attributed to 'developmental programming'. The post-weaning development of obesity may associate with exacerbation of the programmed metabolic phenotype. In mice, we have previously shown that exposure to maternal overnutrition causes increased weight gain in offspring before weaning, but exerts no persistent effects on weight or glucose tolerance in adulthood. In order to determine whether post-weaning exposure to a cafeteria diet might lead to an exacerbation of programmed effects, offspring born and raised by mothers on control (CON) or cafeteria (DIO) diets were transferred onto either CON or DIO diets at weaning. FINDINGS Post-weaning DIO caused the development of obesity, with hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia in males; and obesity with hyperinsulinaemia in females and with increased cholesterol levels in both sexes. Exposure to maternal overnutrition during pregnancy and lactation caused only subtle additional effects on offspring phenotype. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that post-weaning exposure to a high-fat high-sugar diet has a more profound effect on offspring weight gain and glucose tolerance than exposure to maternal overnutrition. These data emphasise the importance of optimising early life nutrition in offspring of both obese and lean mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicky King
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jane E Norman
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jonathan R Seckl
- Endocrinology Unit, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, QMRI, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Amanda J Drake
- Endocrinology Unit, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, QMRI, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Histidine supplementation alleviates inflammation in the adipose tissue of high-fat diet-induced obese rats via the NF-κB- and PPARγ-involved pathways. Br J Nutr 2014; 112:477-85. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514001056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is considered to be accompanied by a chronic low-grade inflammatory state that contributes to the occurrence of many chronic diseases. Our previous study has demonstrated that histidine supplementation significantly ameliorates inflammation and oxidative stress in obese women. However, the in vivo potential mechanisms are not known. The present study was conducted to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of histidine on inflammation in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced female obese rat model. An obese model was established in female Sprague–Dawley rats by HFD feeding for 8 weeks and followed by histidine supplementation for another 4 weeks. The results revealed that HFD-increased body weight and HFD-lowered serum histidine concentrations were significantly reversed by histidine supplementation (P< 0·05). In addition, the serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP) and malondialdehyde were significantly reduced and those of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly increased by histidine supplementation when compared with those in obese rats (P< 0·05). Correspondingly, the mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP in the adipose tissue were significantly down-regulated and that of CuZnSOD was significantly up-regulated by histidine supplementation (P< 0·05). Histidine supplementation significantly reduced the HFD-induced translocation of NF-κB p65 into the nucleus (P= 0·032) by reducing the phosphorylation of the inhibitor of κBα in the adipose tissue. The results also revealed that the expression of adiponectin was markedly increased both in the serum and in the adipose tissue after histidine supplementation, accompanied by the activation of PPARγ (P= 0·021). These findings indicate that histidine is an effective candidate for ameliorating inflammation and oxidative stress in obese individuals via the NF-κB- and PPARγ-involved pathways.
Collapse
|
16
|
Poston L. Maternal obesity, gestational weight gain and diet as determinants of offspring long term health. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 26:627-39. [PMID: 22980045 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review addresses the increasingly prolific literature from studies in man and animals suggesting that maternal obesity, a diet rich in calories or excess gestational weight gain may, through perturbation of the intrauterine environment, lead to lifelong risk of obesity and related disorders in the child. In addressing maternal- child obesity relationships it remains a challenge to distinguish the influence of the intrauterine environment from the contribution of shared genetic traits, and to adequately adjust for postnatal determinants of childhood obesity. Studies in genetically identical rodents convincingly show that maternal obesity, as well as elements of a hypercalorific diet can permanently influence offspring risk of obesity, and are these are supported by studies in larger mammals. Importantly, dissection of the mechanism in animals has led to description of novel interactive pathways between maternal environment and fetus which are amenable to investigation in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucilla Poston
- Division of Women's Health, Women's Health Academic Centre, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) are widely used in diets for patients with obesity. To develop a delivery system for suppressing dietary fat accumulation into adipose tissue, MCFA were encapsulated in nanoliposomes (NL), which can overcome the drawbacks of MCFA and keep their properties unchanged. In the present study, crude liposomes were first produced by the thin-layer dispersion method, and then dynamic high-pressure microfluidisation (DHPM) and DHPM combined with freeze-thawing methods were used to prepare MCFA NL (NL-1 and NL-2, respectively). NL-1 exhibited smaller average size (77.6 (SD 4.3) nm), higher zeta potential (- 40.8 (SD 1.7) mV) and entrapment efficiency (73.3 (SD 16.1) %) and better stability, while NL-2 showed narrower distribution (polydispersion index 0.193 (SD 0.016)). The body fat reduction property of NL-1 and NL-2 were evaluated by short-term (2 weeks) and long-term (6 weeks) experiments of mice. In contrast to the MCFA group, the NL groups had overcome the poor palatability of MCFA because the normal diet of mice was maintained. The body fat and total cholesterol (TCH) of NL-1 (1.54 (SD 0.30) g, P = 0.039 and 2.33 (SD 0.44) mmol/l, P = 0.021, respectively) and NL-2 (1.58 (SD 0.69) g, P = 0.041 and 2.29 (SD 0.38) mmol/l, P = 0.015, respectively) significantly decreased when compared with the control group (2.11 (SD 0.82) g and 2.99 (SD 0.48) mmol/l, respectively). The TAG concentration of the NL-1 group (0.55 (SD 0.14) mmol/l) was remarkably lower (P = 0.045) than the control group (0.94 (SD 0.37) mmol/l). No significant difference in weight and fat gain, TCH and TAG was detected between the MCFA NL and MCFA groups. Therefore, MCFA NL could be potential nutritional candidates for obesity to suppress body fat accumulation.
Collapse
|