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Wang D, Chen J, Pu L, Yu L, Xiong F, Sun L, Yu Q, Cao X, Chen Y, Peng F, Peng C. Galangin: A food-derived flavonoid with therapeutic potential against a wide spectrum of diseases. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5700-5723. [PMID: 37748788 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Galangin is an important flavonoid with natural activity, that is abundant in galangal and propolis. Currently, various biological activities of galangin have been disclosed, including anti-inflammation, antibacterial effect, anti-oxidative stress and aging, anti-fibrosis, and antihypertensive effect. Based on the above bioactivities, more and more attention has been paid to the role of galangin in neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, skin diseases, and cancer. In this paper, the natural sources, pharmacokinetics, bioactivities, and therapeutic potential of galangin against various diseases were systematically reviewed by collecting and summarizing relevant literature. In addition, the molecular mechanism and new preparation of galangin in the treatment of related diseases are also discussed, to broaden the application prospect and provide reference for its clinical application. Furthermore, it should be noted that current toxicity and clinical studies of galangin are insufficient, and more evidence is needed to support its possibility as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Junren Chen
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Pu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Luyao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Galangin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and stimulates osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via regulation of AKT/mTOR signaling. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:133-139. [PMID: 36617832 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i1.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), with the abilities of multidirectional differentiation and self-renewal, have been widely used in bone repair and regeneration of inflammation-stimulated oral diseases. Galangin is a flavonoid isolated from Alpinia officinarum, exerts anti-obesity, antitumor, and anti-inflammation pharmacological effects. The roles of galangin in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs were investigated. METHODS BMSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow and identified by flow cytometry. The isolated BMSCs were treated with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharides or cotreated with lipopolysaccharides and different concentrations of galangin. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected by MTT (tetrazolium component) and flow cytometry. ELISA was used to detect inflammation. Alizarin red staining was used to investigate osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS The rat BMSCs showed negative rate of CD34, and positive rate of CD29 and CD44. Lipopolysaccharides treatment reduced cell viability of BMSCs, and promoted the cell apoptosis. Incubation with galangin enhanced cell viability of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BMSCs, and suppressed the cell apoptosis. Galangin decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BMSCs through down-regulation of NF-κB phosphorylation (p-NF-κB). Galangin up-regulated expression of osteo-specific proteins, collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), osteopontin (OPN), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), to promote the osteogenic differentiation of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BMSCs. Protein expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BMSCs were increased by galangin treatment. CONCLUSION Galangin exerted an anti-inflammatory effect against lipopolysaccharide- stimulated BMSCs and promoted osteogenic differentiation through the activation of AKT/ mTOR signaling.
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Deng X, Le H, Wan T, Weng M, Tan Y. Galangin alleviates rheumatoid arthritis in rats by downregulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11192-11201. [PMID: 35485325 PMCID: PMC9208502 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2062969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that greatly affect patients’ quality of life. Galangin extract is renowned for its anti-proliferative and anti-oxidative characteristics. However, galangin cytotoxicity studies are presently inadequate. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of galangin on RA by investigating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLSs) were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish an RA model in vitro. An ELISA assay was used to detect the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by CCK8/EdU and flow cytometry assays. A western blot assay was used to analyze the protein expression levels. An RA rat model was established to evaluate the function of galangin through histopathological examination. Our results found that galangin induced apoptosis, inhibited cell proliferation, and increased cell invasion of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells (RAFLSs). Galangin inactivated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and the inflammatory response. An agonist of PI3K signaling, 740Y‐P, restored the cellular functions of RAFLSs. Moreover, galangin suppressed the development of RA in vivo. Galangin effected its anti-arthritic influence through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Galangin has potential as an alternative treatment for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongwei Deng
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hailang Le
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Taohong Wan
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Meizhi Weng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yongzhen Tan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Song HY, Sik Kim W, Moo Han J, Yong Park W, Lim ST, Byun EB. HMOC, a chrysin derivative, induces tolerogenic properties in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated dendritic cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107523. [PMID: 33706053 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although we previously identified a new hydroxymethoxyl chrysin derivative (HMOC) using ionizing radiation, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of HMOC in dendritic cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the effects of HMOC on phenotypic and functional changes in activated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BMDCs, HMOC treatment inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-12p70, and IL-1β), surface molecules (CD80, CD86, MHC-I, and MHC-II), and antigen-presentation to MHC-I and II without a decrease in IL-10. Furthermore, HMOC increased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) activity via activation of JNK and p38 signaling in the presence of LPS. Interestingly, LPS-stimulated DCs treated with HMOC inhibited the proliferation and activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th1-, Th2- and Th17 cells. In addition, LPS-stimulated DCs treated with HMOC induced an increase in CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Collectively, our results suggest that HMOC confers tolerogenic properties in BMDCs, which are responsible for inducing Th cell differentiation to Tregs. Our findings provide a better understanding of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of HMOC in DCs and may contribute to development of a valuable therapeutic candidate for atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Yeon Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sik Kim
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Moo Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Yong Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Taik Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Baek Byun
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea.
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Canonical transient receptor potential channels and their modulators: biology, pharmacology and therapeutic potentials. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:354-377. [PMID: 33763843 PMCID: PMC7989688 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Canonical transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) are nonselective, high calcium permeability cationic channels. The TRPCs family includes TRPC1, TRPC2, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5, TRPC6, and TRPC7. These channels are widely expressed in the cardiovascular and nervous systems and exist in many other human tissues and cell types, playing several crucial roles in the human physiological and pathological processes. Hence, the emergence of TRPCs modulators can help investigate these channels’ applications in health and disease. It is worth noting that the TRPCs subfamilies have structural and functional similarities, which presents a significant difficulty in screening and discovering of TRPCs modulators. In the past few years, only a limited number of selective modulators of TRPCs were detected; thus, additional research on more potent and more selective TRPCs modulators is needed. The present review focuses on the striking desired therapeutic effects of TRPCs modulators, which provides intel on the structural modification of TRPCs modulators and further pharmacological research. Importantly, TRPCs modulators can significantly facilitate future studies of TRPCs and TRPCs related diseases.
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