1
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Bai M, Chen H, Zhang Z, Liu X, Zhang D, Wang C. Substrate stiffness promotes dentinogenesis via LAMB1-FAK-MEK1/2 signaling axis. Oral Dis 2024; 30:562-574. [PMID: 36519511 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In vivo, the principal function of mechanosensitive odontoblasts is to synthesize and secrete the matrix which then calcifies and forms reactive dentin after exposure to appropriate stimuli. This study aims to develop the influence of mechanical factors on dentinogenesis based on odontoblasts, which contribute to reparative dentin formation. METHODS We fabricated polydimethylsiloxane with different stiffnesses and seeded 17IIA11 odontoblast-like cells on the substrates in different stiffnesses. Cell morphology was detected by scanning electron microscope, and the mineralization phenotype was detected by alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining, while expression levels of dentinogenesis-related genes (including Runx2, Osx, and Alp) were assayed by qPCR. To explore mechanism, protein distribution and expression levels were detected by immunofluorescent staining, Western blotting, and immunoprecipitation. RESULTS In our results, during dentinogenesis, 17IIA11 odontoblast-like cells appeared better extension on stiffer substrates. The binding between LAMB1 and FAK contributed to converting mechanical stimuli into biochemical signaling, thereby controlling mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 activity in stiffness-driven dentinogenesis. CONCLUSION The present study suggests odontoblast behaviors can be directly regulated by mechanical factors at cell-material interfaces, which offers fundamental mechanism in remodeling cell microenvironment, thereby contributing to physiological phenomena explanation and tissue engineering progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingru Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Lee M, Lee YS, Shon WJ, Park JC. Physiologic dentin regeneration: its past, present, and future perspectives. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1313927. [PMID: 38148896 PMCID: PMC10750396 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1313927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative dentistry has rapidly progressed since the advancement of stem cell biology and material science. However, more emphasis has been placed on the success of tissue formation than on how well the newly generated tissue retains the original structure and function. Once dentin is lost, tertiary dentinogenesis can be induced by new odontoblastic differentiation or re-activation of existing odontoblasts. The characteristic morphology of odontoblasts generates the tubular nature of dentin, which is a reservoir of fluid, ions, and a number of growth factors, and protects the inner pulp tissue. Therefore, understanding the dynamic but delicate process of new dentin formation by odontoblasts, or odontoblast-like cells, following dentinal defects is crucial. In this regard, various efforts have been conducted to identify novel molecules and materials that can promote the regeneration of dentin with strength and longevity. In this review, we focus on recent progress in dentin regeneration research with biological molecules identified, and discuss its potential in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungjin Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Seon Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jun Shon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Cheol Park
- Laboratory for the Study of Regenerative Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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3
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Khalaj F, Cinel L, Aminishakib P, Mosavat F, Soluk-Tekkesin M. Adenoid 'ameloblastoma': Clinicopathological description of 4 additional BRAF-negative cases. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2023; 124:101585. [PMID: 37543210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adenoid ameloblastoma (AA) is an epithelial odontogenic tumor that was recognized as a separate entity in the last odontogenic classification of WHO in 2022. The etiology is unknown, and the pathogenesis remains controversial. The objective of this study is to contribute the clinicopathological features of 4 additional BRAF-negative cases to the existing literature, aiming to enhance the molecular understanding of this unique tumor in the forthcoming classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study consists of a case series of four patients diagnosed with AA. The patients' demographic and clinical information were collected from the universities' medical achieves. Histopathologically, all cases were reexamined according to the latest update of the WHO odontogenic tumor classification. In addition to H&E and immunohistochemical stains, cytogenetics was also evaluated. RESULTS Well-defined unilocular radiolucent lesions were observed in all cases. Ameloblastoma-like components exhibited reserved nuclear polarity, suprabasal stellate reticulum-like epithelium, duct-like structure, whorls/morules, and cribriform architecture were common features. Variable immunoreactivity to CK7, CK19, CK14, p63, and p40 were determined, and proliferative activity was greater than 15%. The BRAF molecular study revealed no mutations. CONCLUSIONS When diagnosing AA, the essential histopathological characteristics must be rigorously applied, and a significant portion of the lesion should contain these features. Additionally, despite limited molecular data, since the BRAF mutation commonly observed in ameloblastomas is not present in the majority of AA cases, we propose changing the term "ameloblastoma" to "ameloblastic" and referring to it as "adenoid ameloblastic tumor" in the forthcoming classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fattaneh Khalaj
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, IKHC, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leyla Cinel
- Department of Pathology, Marmara University Pendik Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Pouyan Aminishakib
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Mosavat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Merva Soluk-Tekkesin
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, İstanbul, Türkiye.
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4
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de França GM, Carlan LM, Pires HDF, de Oliveira CN, Santos PPDA, Galvão HC. Higher immunoexpression of CK14 from the Wnt-1/β-catenin pathway in the development of odontomas. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:110-120. [PMID: 38133085 PMCID: PMC10742362 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth development depends on a series of reciprocal signaling interactions between the oral epithelium and ectomesenchyme. This study aimed to investigate the role of CK14, a protein involved in Wnt-1/β-catenin signaling, in odontogenesis and the development of odontomas. This cross-sectional, retrospective, immunohistochemical study analyzed 30 compound odontomas, 30 complex odontomas, and 17 tooth germs. Higher immunoexpression of CK14 was observed in odontogenic epithelial cells of tooth germs (p < 0.001) and odontogenic epithelial cells of odontomas (p < 0.001). There was higher immunoexpression of Wnt-1 and β-catenin proteins in epithelial cells of tooth germs (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively), as well as in the ectomesenchyme of odontomas (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively). β-Catenin was moderately and significantly correlated with CK14 in the membrane of reduced enamel epithelial cells in odontomas (p = 0.007). Higher immunoexpression of CK14 was observed in the odontogenic epithelium during the bud and cap stages and lower immunoexpression in the internal enamel epithelium during the bell stage. In odontomas, lower expression of Wnt-1/β-catenin and higher immunoexpression of CK14 were found in odontogenic epithelial cells, especially adjacent to the mineralized material resembling the tooth formed in these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glória Maria de França
- Postgraduate program of Dental science, Concentration area in
Stomatology and Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,
Brazil
| | - Leonardo Magalhães Carlan
- Postgraduate program of Dental science, Concentration area in
Stomatology and Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,
Brazil
| | - Hévila de Figueiredo Pires
- Postgraduate program of Dental science, Concentration area in
Stomatology and Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,
Brazil
| | - Cláudia Nunes de Oliveira
- Postgraduate program of Dental science, Concentration area in
Stomatology and Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,
Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo de Andrade Santos
- Postgraduate program of Dental science, Concentration area in
Stomatology and Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,
Brazil
| | - Hébel Cavalcanti Galvão
- Postgraduate program of Dental science, Concentration area in
Stomatology and Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte,
Brazil
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Ramirez I, Kirschneck C, Corrêa Silva-Sousa A, Proff P, S. Antunes L, Gabbardo MCL, Silva Barroso de Oliveira D, Sousa-Neto MD, Baratto-Filho F, Küchler EC. The investigation of WNT6 and WNT10A single nucleotide polymorphisms as potential biomarkers for dental pulp calcification in orthodontic patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288782. [PMID: 37566620 PMCID: PMC10420345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in WNT6 and WNT10A are associated with the risk of dental pulp calcification in orthodontic patients. This cross-sectional study followed the "Strengthening the Reporting of Genetic Association Studies" (STREGA) guidelines. Panoramic radiographs (pre- and post-orthodontic treatment) and genomic DNA from 132 orthodontic patients were studied. Dental pulp calcification (pulp stones and/or pulp space narrowing) was recorded in upper and lower first molars. The SNPs in WNT6 and WNT10A (rs7349332, rs3806557, rs10177996, and rs6754599) were assessed through genotyping analysis using DNA extracted from buccal epithelial cells. The association between pulp calcification and SNPs were analyzed using allelic and genotypic distributions and haplotype frequencies (p<0.05). Prevalence of dental pulp calcification was 42.4% in the 490 studied molars. In the genotypic analysis, the SNPs in WNT10A showed a statistically significant value for molar calcification (p = 0.027 for rs1017799), upper molar calcification (p = 0.040 for rs1017799) (recessive model), and molar calcification (p = 0.046 for rs3806557) (recessive model). In the allelic distribution, the allele C of the SNP rs10177996 in WNT10A was associated with molar calcifications (p = 0.042) and with upper first molar calcification (p = 0.035). Nine combinations of haplotypes showed statistically significant value (p<0.05). The findings of this study indicates that SNPs in WNT10A and WNT6 are associated with dental pulp calcification in molars after orthodontic treatment and may be considered as biomarkers for dental pulp calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iago Ramirez
- School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FORP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Peter Proff
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Leonardo S. Antunes
- School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University from Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Flares Baratto-Filho
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas, Brazil
- Department of Dentistry, University of Joinville Region (Univille), Joinville, SC, Brazil
| | - Erika C. Küchler
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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6
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Sukarawan W, Rattanawarawipa P, Yaemkleebbua K, Nowwarote N, Pavasant P, Limjeerajarus CN, Osathanon T. Wnt3a promotes odonto/osteogenic differentiation in vitro and tertiary dentin formation in a rat model. Int Endod J 2023; 56:514-529. [PMID: 36633501 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of Wnt3a on odonto/osteogenic differentiation of stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) and reparative dentine formation in a rat model. METHODOLOGY Stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth were cultured in media with Wnt3a (50-200 ng/ml). Wnt activation was confirmed by β-catenin immunocytochemistry. Colony-forming unit assay (normalized percentage area), osteogenic gene expression analysis by real-time polymerase chain reaction and mineralization assays measured by the absorption at 540 nm were performed. Tertiary dentine formation in vivo was evaluated using 8-week-old, male Wistar rats. Cavities with pinpoint pulp exposure by a sharp instrument were prepared at the mesial surface of the first molars. Teeth were divided into (n = 6): (1) distilled water (negative control), (2) phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), (3) lithium chloride in DI (20 μM), and (4) Wnt3a in PBS (200 ng/ml). Collagen sponge was used as a scaffold. The cavity was sealed with glass ionomer restoration. Four weeks later, animals were euthanized by sodium pentobarbital (120 mg/kg body weight). Hard tissue formation was evaluated using micro-computerized tomography. Sixty consecutive slides from the initial plane were analysed and calculated as bone/dentine volume per total tissue volume. Paraffin sections (2 μm) were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome for morphological evaluation. Data are presented as the mean ± standard error. Mann-Whitney U test was used for two-group comparison. Kruskal Wallis followed by pairwise comparison was employed for three or more group comparisons. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 7. Differences were considered significant at p < .05. RESULTS Wnt3a decreased SHEDs colony formation and increased OSX, BMP2, and DMP1 expression, corresponding to an increase in mineralization. Additionally, a significant increase in dentine/bone volume per total tissue volume was observed in Wnt3a treated defects. Dentine bridge formation at the exposure sites treated with Wnt3a demonstrated, while fibrous tissues were observed in the control. CONCLUSIONS Wnt3a suppressed proliferation, increased osteogenic differentiation of SHEDs and promotes tertiary dentine formation. Wnt3a could be utilized as biological molecule for vital pulp therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleerat Sukarawan
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panarat Rattanawarawipa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kamonwan Yaemkleebbua
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nunthawan Nowwarote
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France.,Dental Faculty Garancière, Oral Biology Department, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chalida Nakalekha Limjeerajarus
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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7
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Guirado E, Villani C, Petho A, Chen Y, Maienschein-Cline M, Lei Z, Los N, George A. Wnt pathway inhibitors are upregulated in XLH dental pulp cells in response to odontogenic differentiation. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:13. [PMID: 36849506 PMCID: PMC9971210 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) represents the most common form of familial hypophosphatemia. Although significant advances have been made in the treatment of bone pathology, patients undergoing therapy continue to experience significantly decreased oral health-related quality of life. The following study addresses this persistent oral disease by further investigating the effect of DMP1 expression on the differentiation of XLH dental pulp cells. Dental pulp cells were isolated from the third molars of XLH and healthy controls and stable transduction of full-length human DMP1 were achieved. RNA sequencing was performed to evaluate the genetic changes following the induction of odontogenic differentiation. RNAseq data shows the upregulation of inhibitors of the canonical Wnt pathway in XLH cells, while constitutive expression of full-length DMP1 in XLH cells reversed this effect during odontogenic differentiation. These results imply that inhibition of the canonical Wnt pathway may contribute to the pathophysiology of XLH and suggest a new therapeutic strategy for the management of oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Guirado
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cassandra Villani
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Adrienn Petho
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yinghua Chen
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Zhengdeng Lei
- Bioinformatics Scientist III, Ambry Genetics, Aliso, CA, USA
| | - Nina Los
- Genome Research Core, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anne George
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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8
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Chen J, Cuevas P, Dworan J, Dawid I, Turkkahraman H, Tran K, Delgado-Calle J, Bellido T, Gorski J, Liu B, Brunski J, Helms J. Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Controls Maxillofacial Hyperostosis. J Dent Res 2022; 101:793-801. [PMID: 35114849 PMCID: PMC10850863 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211067705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The roles of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in regulating the morphology and microstructure of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) bones was explored using mice carrying a constitutively active form of β-catenin in activating Dmp1-expressing cells (e.g., daβcatOt mice). By postnatal day 24, daβcatOt mice exhibited midfacial truncations coupled with maxillary and mandibular hyperostosis that progressively worsened with age. Mechanistic insights into the basis for the hyperostotic facial phenotype were gained through molecular and cellular analyses, which revealed that constitutively activated β-catenin in Dmp1-expressing cells resulted in an increase in osteoblast number and an increased rate of mineral apposition. An increase in osteoblasts was accompanied by an increase in osteocytes, but they failed to mature. The resulting CMF bone matrix also had an abundance of osteoid, and in locations where compact lamellar bone typically forms, it was replaced by porous, woven bone. The hyperostotic facial phenotype was progressive. These findings identify for the first time a ligand-independent positive feedback loop whereby unrestrained Wnt/β-catenin signaling results in a CMF phenotype of progressive hyperostosis combined with architecturally abnormal, poorly mineralized matrix that is reminiscent of craniotubular disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Chen
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - P.L. Cuevas
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - J.S. Dworan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Anatomy, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria
| | - I. Dawid
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - H. Turkkahraman
- Indiana University School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics & Oral Facial Genetics, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - K. Tran
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - J. Delgado-Calle
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - T. Bellido
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - J.P. Gorski
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, and Center of Excellence in Mineralized Tissue Research, University of Missouri–Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - B. Liu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - J.B. Brunski
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - J.A. Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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9
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Van den Broeck M, Stock E, Vermeiren Y, Verhaert L, Duchateau L, Cornillie P. Age estimation in young dogs by radiographic assessment of the canine pulp cavity/tooth width ratio. Anat Histol Embryol 2022; 51:269-279. [PMID: 35104017 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Age estimation in adult dogs can be performed by the radiographic measurement of the tooth pulp cavity, but the technique has hardly been described. In this study, the application of measuring pulp/tooth width ratios (P/T ratios) of the maxillary canine teeth was investigated. Pulp and tooth widths were measured at two locations on 166 maxillary canine teeth of the heads of 84 dog cadavers, using digital extraoral lateral oblique open mouth radiographs. The dogs belonged to different breeds and sexes and had a known age between 194 and 1907 days (approximately 6 months - 5 years). Both at the cemento-enamel junction (CE) and the half-height of the tooth, a comparable non-linear regression with age was demonstrated. Measuring at the CE location was less hindered by wear or superimposition. No statistically significant difference according to sex and breed size and no clinically significant difference according to skull type was found. The highest predictable capacity was found in the youngest dogs until the age of 448 days, of which 84.4% of the canine teeth had a P/T ratio above 0.39. Our results demonstrate that measuring P/T ratios of canine teeth can be used in practice to assign dogs to age categories, with the highest accuracy in young adult dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Van den Broeck
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Emmelie Stock
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Yoni Vermeiren
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Leen Verhaert
- Department of Small animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Luc Duchateau
- Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Pieter Cornillie
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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10
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Kornsuthisopon C, Photichailert S, Nowwarote N, Tompkins KA, Osathanon T. Wnt signaling in dental pulp homeostasis and dentin regeneration. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 134:105322. [PMID: 34844087 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wnt signaling is crucial in the physiological and pathological processes of dental pulp tissues. The present study described the effects of Wnt signaling in dental pulp homeostasis and regeneration. DESIGN Publications in Pubmed and Scopus database were searched, and a narrative review was performed. The roles of Wnt signaling in dental pulp tissue were reviewed and discussed. RESULT In vitro and in vivo evidence have confirmed the involvement of Wnt signaling in tooth development, dental pulp homeostasis, and physiological processes in dental pulp responses. Manipulating Wnt signaling components generates beneficial effects on pulp healing, dentin repair, and epigenetic regulation related to stemness maintenance, implying that Wnt signaling is a potential therapeutic target for future clinical dental applications. Additionally, an overview of the epigenetic control of dental pulp stem cells by Wnt signaling is provided. CONCLUSION This review provides basic knowledge on Wnt signaling and outlines its functions in dental pulp tissues, focusing on their potential as therapeutic treatments by targeting the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatvadee Kornsuthisopon
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suphalak Photichailert
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nunthawan Nowwarote
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Universite de Paris, Sorbonne Universite, INSERM UMRS 1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology and Universite de Paris, Dental Faculty Garanciere, Oral Biology Department, Paris F-75006, France
| | - Kevin A Tompkins
- Office of Research Affairs, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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11
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Vijaykumar A, Mina M. Lithium Chloride Exerts Differential Effects on Dentinogenesis and Osteogenesis in Primary Pulp Cultures. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.649500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is known to play essential roles in odontoblast differentiation and reparative dentin formation. Various Wnt activators including LiCl have been increasingly studied for their effectiveness to induce repair of the dentin-pulp complex. LiCl is a simple salt thought to activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling by inhibiting GSK3β. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies showed that LiCl increased odontoblast differentiation and enhanced reparative dentin formation. However, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms by which LiCl regulates odontoblast and osteoblast differentiation during reparative dentinogenesis are not well-understood. Our in vitro studies show that exposure of early dental pulp progenitors to LiCl increased the survival and the pool of αSMA+ progenitors, leading to enhanced odontoblast and osteoblast differentiation. The positive effects of LiCl in the differentiation of osteoblasts and odontoblasts from αSMA+ progenitors are mediated by Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our results also showed that continuous and late exposure of dental pulp cells to LiCl increased the expression of odontoblast markers through Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and the number of odontoblasts expressing DMP1-Cherry and DSPP-Cerulean transgenes. However, unlike the early treatment, both continuous and late treatments decreased the expression of Bsp and the expression of BSP-GFPtpz transgene. These observations suggest that prolonged treatment with LiCl in more mature cells of the dental pulp has an inhibitory effect on osteoblast differentiation. The inhibitory effects of LiCl on osteogenesis and Bsp were not mediated through Wnt/β-catenin signaling. These observations suggest that the effects of LiCl, and GSK3β antagonists on reparative dentinogenesis involve multiple pathways and are not specific to Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Yin JY, Luo XH, Feng WQ, Miao SH, Ning TT, Lei Q, Jiang T, Ma DD. Multidifferentiation potential of dental-derived stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:342-365. [PMID: 34136070 PMCID: PMC8176842 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i5.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth-related diseases and tooth loss are widespread and are a major public health issue. The loss of teeth can affect chewing, speech, appearance and even psychology. Therefore, the science of tooth regeneration has emerged, and attention has focused on tooth regeneration based on the principles of tooth development and stem cells combined with tissue engineering technology. As undifferentiated stem cells in normal tooth tissues, dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs), which are a desirable source of autologous stem cells, play a significant role in tooth regeneration. Researchers hope to reconstruct the complete tooth tissues with normal functions and vascularization by utilizing the odontogenic differentiation potential of DMSCs. Moreover, DMSCs also have the ability to differentiate towards cells of other tissue types due to their multipotency. This review focuses on the multipotential capacity of DMSCs to differentiate into various tissues, such as bone, cartilage, tendon, vessels, neural tissues, muscle-like tissues, hepatic-like tissues, eye tissues and glands and the influence of various regulatory factors, such as non-coding RNAs, signaling pathways, inflammation, aging and exosomes, on the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of DMSCs in tooth regeneration. The application of DMSCs in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering will be improved if the differentiation characteristics of DMSCs can be fully utilized, and the factors that regulate their differentiation can be well controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yao Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xing-Hong Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Qing Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sheng-Hong Miao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Ning
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qian Lei
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dan-Dan Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
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13
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Masuda Y, Sakagami H, Yokose S, Udagawa N. Effect of Small-molecule GSK3 Antagonist on Differentiation of Rat Dental Pulp Cells into Odontoblasts. In Vivo 2021; 34:1071-1075. [PMID: 32354894 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) antagonist promoted the reparative formation of dentin. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether treatment schedule of Tidegrusib® (TG), a small-molecule GSK3 antagonist, affected in vitro differentiation of dental pulp cells toward odontoblast-like cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pulp cells isolated from rat incisors were repeatedly exposed to TG for the first 6 h (intermittent exposure) or the full 48 h (continuous exposure) of each 48-h incubation cycle. Histological analysis of alkaline phosphatase and von Kossa staining were performed. The expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp) and osteocalcin (Ocn) mRNA were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blotting assays were used to monitor the expression of β-catenin and its phosphorylated form. RESULTS When pulp cells were intermittently exposed to TG for only the first 6 h of each incubation cycle, pulp cells differentiated into odontoblast-like cells, characterized by an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity, nodule formation, and mRNA expression of Dspp. and Ocn; this did not occur under the continuous exposure. Phosphorylation of β-catenin was enhanced by continuous exposure to TG compared with intermittent exposure. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the TG-induced odontoblast-like cell differentiation reflects in vivo reparative dentin formation and depends on the exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Masuda
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakagami
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokose
- Division of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Udagawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano, Japan
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14
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Lin FS, Lee JJ, Lee AKX, Ho CC, Liu YT, Shie MY. Calcium Silicate-Activated Gelatin Methacrylate Hydrogel for Accelerating Human Dermal Fibroblast Proliferation and Differentiation. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:E70. [PMID: 33375390 PMCID: PMC7795131 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process that requires specific interactions between multiple cells such as fibroblasts, mesenchymal, endothelial, and neural stem cells. Recent studies have shown that calcium silicate (CS)-based biomaterials can enhance the secretion of growth factors from fibroblasts, which further increased wound healing and skin regeneration. In addition, gelatin methacrylate (GelMa) is a compatible biomaterial that is commonly used in tissue engineering. However, it has low mechanical properties, thus restricting its fullest potential for clinical applications. In this study, we infused Si ions into GelMa hydrogel and assessed for its feasibility for skin regeneration applications by observing for its influences on human dermal fibroblasts (hDF). Initial studies showed that Si could be successfully incorporated into GelMa, and printability was not affected. The degradability of Si-GelMa was approximately 20% slower than GelMa hydrogels, thus allowing for better wound healing and regeneration. Furthermore, Si-GelMa enhanced cellular adhesion and proliferation, therefore leading to the increased secretion of collagen I other important extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling-related proteins including Ki67, MMP9, and decorin. This study showed that the Si-GelMa hydrogels were able to enhance the activity of hDF due to the gradual release of Si ions, thus making it a potential candidate for future skin regeneration clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fong-Sian Lin
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (F.-S.L.); (A.K.-X.L.); (Y.-T.L.)
| | - Jian-Jr Lee
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
- Department of Plastic & Reconstruction Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
| | - Alvin Kai-Xing Lee
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (F.-S.L.); (A.K.-X.L.); (Y.-T.L.)
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Che Ho
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan;
- 3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Liu
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (F.-S.L.); (A.K.-X.L.); (Y.-T.L.)
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-You Shie
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (F.-S.L.); (A.K.-X.L.); (Y.-T.L.)
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan;
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
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15
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Ticha P, Pilawski I, Yuan X, Pan J, Tulu US, Coyac BR, Hoffmann W, Helms JA. A novel cryo-embedding method for in-depth analysis of craniofacial mini pig bone specimens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19510. [PMID: 33177543 PMCID: PMC7658236 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76336-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The disconnect between preclinical and clinical results underscores the imperative for establishing good animal models, then gleaning all available data on efficacy, safety, and potential toxicities associated with a device or drug. Mini pigs are a commonly used animal model for testing orthopedic and dental devices because their skeletons are large enough to accommodate human-sized implants. The challenge comes with the analyses of their hard tissues: current methods are time-consuming, destructive, and largely limited to histological observations made from the analysis of very few tissue sections. We developed and employed cryo-based methods that preserved the microarchitecture and the cellular/molecular integrity of mini pig hard tissues, then demonstrated that the results of these histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and dynamic histomorphometric analyses e.g., mineral apposition rates were comparable with similar data from preclinical rodent models. Thus, the ability to assess static and dynamic bone states increases the translational value of mini pig and other large animal model studies. In sum, this method represents logical means to minimize the number of animals in a study while simultaneously maximizing the amount of information collected from each specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Ticha
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.,Department of Plastic Surgery, 3rd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University in Prague, Srobarova 50, 10034, Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Pilawski
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Xue Yuan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Jie Pan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Ustun S Tulu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Benjamin R Coyac
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | | | - Jill A Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
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Rathinam E, Govindarajan S, Rajasekharan S, Declercq H, Elewaut D, De Coster P, Martens L. Transcriptomic profiling of human dental pulp cells treated with tricalcium silicate-based cements by RNA sequencing. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:3181-3195. [PMID: 33108483 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tricalcium silicate (TCS)-based biomaterials induce differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) into odontoblasts/osteoblasts, which is regulated by the interplay between various intracellular pathways and their resultant secretome. The aim of this study was to compare the transcriptome-wide effects by next-generation RNA sequencing of custom-prepared hDPCs stimulated with TCS-based biomaterials: ProRoot white MTA (WMTA) (Dentsply, Tulsa; Tulsa, OK) and Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fosses, France). METHODS Self-isolated hDPCs were seeded in a 6-well plate at a density of 5 × 105 cells per well. ProRoot white MTA and Biodentine were then placed in transwell inserts with a pore size of 0.4 μm and inserted in the well plate. RNA sequencing was performed after 3 and 7 days treatment. For post-validation, RT-PCR analyses were done on some of the RNA samples used for RNA sequencing. RESULTS Our RNA sequencing results for the first time identified 7533 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between different treatments and the number of DEGs in Biodentine was higher than ProRoot WMTA at both 3 and 7 days. Despite their differential gene expression, both the TCS-based biomaterial treatments showed gene expressions mainly involved in odontoblast differentiation, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, dentinogenesis, and tooth mineralization. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study illustrate that several important signalling pathways are induced by hDPCs stimulated with TCS-based biomaterials. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The differential expression of the genes associated with odontogenesis, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, dentinogenesis, and mineralization may affect the prognosis of teeth treated with Biodentine or ProRoot white MTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elanagai Rathinam
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Special Care, PAECOMEDIS Research Cluster, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Srinath Govindarajan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, Zwijnaarde, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sivaprakash Rajasekharan
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Special Care, PAECOMEDIS Research Cluster, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Heidi Declercq
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Dirk Elewaut
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, Zwijnaarde, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter De Coster
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Oral Biology, Dental School, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Martens
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Special Care, PAECOMEDIS Research Cluster, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Vijaykumar A, Root SH, Mina M. Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Promotes the Formation of Preodontoblasts In Vitro. J Dent Res 2020; 100:387-396. [PMID: 33103548 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520967353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Odontoblast differentiation is a complex and multistep process regulated by signaling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Both positive and negative effects of Wnt/β-catenin signaling on dentinogenesis have been reported, but the underlying mechanisms of these conflicting results are still unclear. To gain a better insight into the role of Wnt/β-catenin in dentinogenesis, we used dental pulp cells from a panel of transgenic mice, in which fluorescent protein expression identifies cells at different stages of odontoblast and osteoblast differentiation. Our results showed that exposure of pulp cells to WNT3a at various times and durations did not induce premature differentiation of odontoblasts. These treatments supported the survival of undifferentiated cells in dental pulp and promoted the formation of 2.3GFP+ preodontoblasts and their rapid transition into differentiated odontoblasts expressing DMP1-Cherry and DSPP-Cerulean transgenes. WNT3a also promoted osteogenesis in dental pulp cultures. These findings provide critical information for the development of improved treatments for vital pulp therapy and dentin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vijaykumar
- Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - S H Root
- Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - M Mina
- Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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18
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Tu MG, Lee AKX, Lin YH, Huang TH, Ho CC, Shie MY. Caffeic Acid-coated Nanolayer on Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Potentiates the Host Immune Responses, Angiogenesis, and Odontogenesis. J Endod 2020; 46:1455-1464. [PMID: 32668309 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate whether mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) can be modified with caffeic acid (CA) to form caffeic acid/mineral trioxide aggregate (CAMTA) cement and to evaluate its physicochemical and biological properties as well as its capability in immune suppression and angiogenesis. METHODS MTA was immersed in trishydroxymethyl aminomethane buffer with CA to allow coating onto MTA powders. X-ray diffractometry and tensile stress-strain tests were conducted to assess for physical characteristics of CAMTA and to evaluate for successful modification of MTA. Then, the CAMTA cement was immersed in simulated body fluid to evaluate its hydroxyapatite formation capabilities and Si release profiles. In addition, RAW 264.7 cells and human dental pulp stem cells were used to evaluate CAMTA's immunosuppressive capabilities and cell responses, respectively. hDPSCs were also used to assess CAMTA's angiogenic capabilities. RESULTS The X-ray diffractometry results showed that CA can be successfully coated onto MTA without disrupting or losing MTA's original structural properties, thus allowing us to retain the initial advantages of MTA. CAMTA was shown to have higher mechanical properties compared with MTA and had rougher pitted surfaces, which were hypothesized to lead to enhanced adhesion, proliferation, and secretion of angiogenic- and odontogenic-related proteins. In addition, it was found that CAMTA was able to enhance hydroxyapatite formation and immunosuppressive capabilities compared with MTA. CONCLUSIONS CAMTA cements were found to have improved physicochemical and biological characteristics compared with their counterpart. In addition, CAMTA cements had enhanced odontogenic, angiogenic, and immunosuppressive properties compared with MTA. All of the results of this study proved that CAMTA cements could be a biomaterial for future clinical applications and tissue engineering use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Gene Tu
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Alvin Kai-Xing Lee
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hong Lin
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; The PhD Program for Medical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Hsien Huang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Stomatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Ho
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan; 3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-You Shie
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan; x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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19
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Azarpazhooh A, Diogenes AR, Fouad AF, Glickman GN, Kang MK, Kishen A, Levin L, Roda RS, Sedgley CM, Tay FR, Hargreaves KM. Insights into the November 2019 Issue of the Journal of Endodontics. J Endod 2019; 45:1277-1278. [PMID: 31615638 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Azarpazhooh
- Faculty of Dentistry University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anibal R Diogenes
- University of Texas Health San Antonio School of Dentistry, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ashraf F Fouad
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Mo K Kang
- University of California Los Angeles School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anil Kishen
- Faculty of Dentistry University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Franklin R Tay
- Faculty of Dentistry University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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