Synthesis under self-controlled reaction conditions: Reaction of tetraamminezinc(II) chloride with 3,5-dimethyl-1-thiocarboxamide pyrazole

An efficient one-pot synthesis of pyrazole complexes formed in situ: synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and in vitro biological properties

The molecular crystals of monomeric and dimeric pyrazole complexes were prepared via one-pot syntheses. These are dichloridobis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-κN1)cobalt/zinc(0.2/0.8), [Co0.20Zn0.80Cl2(C5H8N2)2] or [Co0.2Zn0.8Cl2(3,5-dmp)2] (1), and bis(μ-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole)-κ2N1:N2;κ2N2:N1-bis[bromido/chlorido(0.7/0.3)bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-κN1)cobalt/zinc(0.1/0.9)], [Co0.20Zn1.80Br1.40Cl0.60(C5H7N2)2(C5H8N2)2] or [Co0.1Zn0.9Br0.7Cl0.3(μ-3,5-dmp)(3,5-dmp)]2 (2). The isolated complexes contain 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (3,5-dmp) ligands formed in situ from the decomposition of 1-hydroxymethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazole. In both isolated complexes, some positional disorder is observed at the metal ions and halogen ligands. The molecular crystals of 1 and 2 are centrosymmetric, with the space groups C2/c and P-1, respectively. Additionally, in the dinuclear complex, the pyrazole ring has a bridging coordination function with respect to the metal ions. Both complexes have good biological activities against cancer cells. The results of an in vitro cytotoxicity study indicated that compounds 1 and 2 showed significant cytotoxicity for cancer cell lines, including hepatic (HepG2 cells), lung (A549 cells) and colon cancer cells (SW 480 and SW 620). Based on the calculated IC50 values against human cancer cell lines, it was found that both complexes demonstrated potent antiproliferative activity combined with great selectivity towards cancer cells. Complex 2 was a more effective cytotoxic agent which, at the same time, exhibited high cytocompatibility. The obtained data are very encouraging and could be useful for anticancer drug discovery.

FT-IR and theoretical study of 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamidine (L) and the complexes CoL2(H2O)2(NO3)2, NiL2(H2O)2(NO3)2

In the paper a joint experimental and theoretical study of 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamidine (L) as well as its complexes CoL2(H2O)2(NO3)2 and NiL2(H2O)2(NO3)2 is reported. On the basis of FT-IR experiments and a DFT-derived scaled quantum mechanical force field the normal coordinate analysis of L was carried out. The FT-IR spectra of the two complexes were interpreted using the present assignment of L and computed vibrational data of the complexes. The ionic and charge transfer interactions in the complexes were assessed by means of natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis.