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Strijbos BTM, Janssen L, Voogd AC, Zwaans WAR, Roumen RMH, Maaskant-Braat AJG. Persistent Pain After Breast Cancer Treatment, an Underreported Burden for Breast Cancer Survivors. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:6753-6763. [PMID: 38940899 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15682-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients who have undergone surgery experience persistent pain after breast cancer treatment (PPBCT). These symptoms often remain unnoticed by treating physician(s), and the pathophysiology of PPBCT remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine prevalence of PPBCT and examine the association between PPBCT and various patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study enrolling patients with breast cancer treated at Máxima Medical Center between 2005 and 2016. PPBCT was defined as pain in the breast, anterior thorax, axilla, and/or medial upper arm that persists for at least 3 months after surgery. Tumor and treatment characteristics were derived from the Dutch Cancer Registry and electronic patient files. RESULTS Between February and March 2019, a questionnaire was sent to 2022 women, of whom 56.5% responded. Prevalence of PPBCT among the responders was 37.9%, with 50.8% reporting moderate to severe pain. Multivariable analyses showed that women with signs of anxiety, depression or a history of smoking had a higher risk of experiencing PPBCT. Women aged 70 years or older at diagnosis were significantly less likely to report PPBCT compared with younger women. No significant association was found between PPBCT and treatment characteristics, including type of axillary surgery and radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS A considerable percentage of patients with breast cancer experience PPBCT. Women with signs of anxiety or depression and women with a history of smoking are more likely to report PPBCT. Further research is required to understand the underlying etiology and to improve prevention and treatment strategies for PPBCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo T M Strijbos
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Máxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Loes Janssen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Máxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Adri C Voogd
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Willem A R Zwaans
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Máxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi M H Roumen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Máxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
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Renna ME, Shrout MR. You can't spell distress without stress: Expanding our perspective of the intersection between mental and physical health in cancer survivors. COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2024; 19:100240. [PMID: 38774516 PMCID: PMC11107216 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Although many breast cancer survivors adjust to cancer treatment and survivorship, a sizable subgroup of women do not do so, resulting in psychological distress. Over time, this psychological distress can contribute to immune dysfunction and accompanying worsened physical symptoms as women navigate survivorship. Dr. Kiecolt-Glaser's work and mentorship has been integral to our understanding of breast cancer survivors' immune risks, and how behavioral factors may enhance these risks. As a postdoctoral fellow in the Stress and Health Lab, under Dr. Kiecolt-Glaser's mentorship, my research focused on understanding how distress is associated with immune functioning and physical health in breast cancer survivors. In this paper, we highlight Dr. Kiecolt-Glaser's influence on our careers as a strong female research and mentor, the work completed under her mentorship, and how the field of psychoneuroimmunology can continue to expand her research to better understand how distress in the cancer context confers long-term health risks.
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Zhang B, Cai C, Pan Z, Zhuang L, Qi Y. Effect of Remifentanil on Acute and Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin J Pain 2024; 40:187-195. [PMID: 38053431 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000001183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our purpose was to explore the effect of remifentanil on acute and chronic postsurgical pain after cardiac surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Randomized controlled trials were retrieved from electronic databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Internet databases, Scopus, and Web of Science. A systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were performed. Basic information and outcomes were extracted from the included studies. The primary outcome was chronic postsurgical pain. Secondary outcomes were scores of postsurgical pain and morphine consumption within 24 hours after cardiac surgery. Risk of bias (ROB) assessment was based on the Cochrane ROB tool version 2. The overall quality of the evidence was rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. RESULTS Seven studies consisting of 658 patients were enrolled in the meta-analysis. A single study had a high ROB and 2 studies had a moderate ROB. The incidence of chronic postsurgical pain (4 studies [415 patients]; risk ratio: 1.02 [95% CI: 0.53 to 1.95]; P = 0.95; I2 = 59%; TSA-adjusted CI: 0.78 to 1.20) and the postsurgical pain score (2 studies [196 patients]; mean difference: 0.09 [95% CI: -0.36 to 0.55]; P = 0.69; I2 = 0%; TSA-adjusted CI: -0.36 to 0.55) were not statistically different between the 2 groups. However, morphine consumption (6 studies [569 patients]; mean difference: 6.94 [95% CI: 3.65 to 10.22]; P < 0.01; I2 = 0%; TSA-adjusted CI: 0.00 to 0.49) was higher in the remifentanil group than in the control group. CONCLUSION There was not enough evidence to prove that remifentanil can increase the incidence of chronic postsurgical pain after cardiac surgery, but interestingly, the results tended to support a trend toward increased complications in the intervention group. However, there was moderate certainty evidence that the use of remifentanil increases the consumption of morphine for analgesia, and more direct comparison trials are needed to inform clinical decision-making with greater confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, Ningbo Medical Center, Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Pereira S, Araújo N, Fontes F, Lopes-Conceição L, Dias T, Ferreira A, Morais S, Cruz VT, Lunet N. Cancer-Related Neuropathic Pain, Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy and Cognitive Decline in a 5-Year Prospective Study of Patients with Breast Cancer-NEON-BC. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:3132. [PMID: 38132022 PMCID: PMC10743065 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11243132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to estimate the prevalence and to identify the determinants of cancer-related neuropathic pain (CRNP), chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and cognitive decline among patients with breast cancer over five years after diagnosis. Women with an incident breast cancer (n = 462) and proposed for surgery were recruited at the Portuguese Institute of Oncology-Porto in 2012 and underwent systematic neurological examinations and evaluations with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) before treatment and after one, three, and five years. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the determinants of CRNP and CIPN, and multivariate linear regression for the variation in MoCA scores. Prevalence of CRNP and CIPN decreased from the first to the fifth year after diagnosis (CRNP: from 21.1% to 16.2%, p = 0.018; CIPN: from 22.0% to 16.0% among those undergoing chemotherapy, p = 0.007). Cognitive impairment was observed in at least one assessment in 17.7% of the women. Statistically significant associations were observed between: cancer stage III and both CRNP and CIPN; triple negative breast cancer, chemotherapy, axillary node dissection, older age, higher education, and being single and CRNP; taxanes and fruit and vegetable consumption and CIPN. Anxiety, depression and poor sleep quality at baseline were associated with decreases in MoCA values from pre- to post-treatment and with CRNP. Follow-up protocols should consider the persistence of CRNP, CIPN, and cognitive impairment for several years following diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Pereira
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (F.F.); (S.M.); (V.T.C.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (T.D.); (A.F.)
| | - Natália Araújo
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (F.F.); (S.M.); (V.T.C.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipa Fontes
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (F.F.); (S.M.); (V.T.C.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Oncology Nursing Research Unit IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (Porto.CCC) & RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luisa Lopes-Conceição
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (F.F.); (S.M.); (V.T.C.); (N.L.)
| | - Teresa Dias
- Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (T.D.); (A.F.)
| | - Augusto Ferreira
- Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (T.D.); (A.F.)
| | - Samantha Morais
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (F.F.); (S.M.); (V.T.C.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vítor Tedim Cruz
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (F.F.); (S.M.); (V.T.C.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Lunet
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (F.F.); (S.M.); (V.T.C.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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Maggi N, Rais D, Nussbaumer R, Levy J, Schwab FD, Kurzeder C, Heidinger M, Weber WP. The American Society of Breast Surgeons classification system for oncoplastic breast conserving surgery independently predicts the risk of delayed wound healing. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2023; 49:107032. [PMID: 37619374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.107032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oncoplastic breast conserving surgery (OBCS) aims to provide safe and satisfying surgery for breast cancer patients. The American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBrS) classification system is based on volumetric displacement cut-offs (level I for <20% of breast volume; level II for 20-50%). It aims to facilitate communication among treating physicians and patients. Here, we investigate whether the extent of OBCS as classified by ASBrS independently predicts postoperative complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database included patients with stage I-III breast cancer who underwent OBCS between 03/2011 and 12/2020 at a Swiss university hospital. Outcomes included short-term (≤30 days) complications and chronic (>30 days) pain after surgery. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify independent predictors. RESULTS In total, 439 patients were included, 314 (71.5%) received ASBrS level I surgery, and 125 (28.5%) underwent ASBrS level II surgery. ASBrS level II was found to be an independent predictor of delayed wound healing (odds ratio [OR] 9.75, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 2.96-32.10). However, ASBrS level did not predict chronic postoperative pain (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.20, 95%CI 0.85-1.70), as opposed to age (IRR 1.19, 95%CI 1.11-1.27 per 5 years decrease), and weight disorders (underweight [BMI <18.5] vs. normal weight [BMI 18.5 < 25]: IRR 4.02, 95%CI 1.70-9.54; obese [BMI ≥30] vs. normal weight: IRR 2.07, 95%CI 1.37-3.13). CONCLUSION ASBrS level II surgery predicted delayed wound healing, warranting close clinical follow-up and prompt treatment to avoid delays in adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Maggi
- Breast Center, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Daniel Rais
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Rahel Nussbaumer
- Breast Center, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Jeremy Levy
- Breast Center, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Fabienne D Schwab
- Breast Center, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Kurzeder
- Breast Center, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Heidinger
- Breast Center, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Walter P Weber
- Breast Center, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001, Basel, Switzerland.
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Renna ME, Shrout MR, Madison AA, Lustberg M, Povoski SP, Agnese DM, Reinbolt RE, Wesolowski R, Williams NO, Ramaswamy B, Sardesai SD, Noonan AM, VanDeusen JB, Stover DG, Cherian M, Malarkey WB, Di Gregorio M, Kiecolt-Glaser JK. Distress Disorder Histories Relate to Greater Physical Symptoms Among Breast Cancer Patients and Survivors: Findings Across the Cancer Trajectory. Int J Behav Med 2023; 30:463-472. [PMID: 35831698 PMCID: PMC10278051 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-022-10115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological disorders can substantially worsen physical symptoms associated with breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, reducing survivors' quality of life and increasing recurrence risk. Distress disorders may be particularly detrimental given their physical correlates. Across two studies, we examined the relationship between a distress disorder history and physical symptoms pre- and post-adjuvant treatment - two important periods of the cancer trajectory. METHODS Breast cancer patients awaiting adjuvant treatment (n = 147; mean age = 52.54) in study 1 and survivors 1-10 years post-treatment (n = 183; mean age = 56.11) in study 2 completed a diagnostic interview assessing lifetime presence of psychological disorders. They also rated their pain, fatigue, physical functioning, and self-rated health. Covariates included body mass index, age, cancer stage, menopause status, and physical comorbidities. RESULTS Results from both studies indicated that a distress disorder history was associated with higher pain, fatigue, and sleep difficulties as well as lower self-rated health compared to those without such a history. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that breast cancer survivors with a distress disorder may be particularly at risk for more physical symptoms, poorer sleep, and worse self-rated health both prior to and following adjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Renna
- School of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive #5025, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - Doreen M Agnese
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anne M Noonan
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, USA
| | | | - Daniel G Stover
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, USA
| | - Mathew Cherian
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, USA
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Pawloski KR, Srour MK, Moo TA, Sevilimedu V, Nelson JA, Garcia P, Kirstein LJ, Morrow M, Tadros AB. Timing of Chemotherapy and Patient-Reported Outcomes After Breast-Conserving Surgery and Mastectomy with Immediate Reconstruction. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:2897-2909. [PMID: 36737530 PMCID: PMC11110643 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Receipt of chemotherapy is associated with decreased satisfaction after breast surgery, but whether timing as adjuvant versus neoadjuvant (NAC) affects patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is unclear. We examined associations between chemotherapy timing and PROs after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and mastectomy with immediate reconstruction (M-IR). METHODS In this retrospective cohort study of patients with stage I-III breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy between January 2017 and December 2019, we compared satisfaction with breasts (SABTR) and chest physical well-being (PWB-CHEST) between chemotherapy groups in BCS and M-IR cohorts. Median SABTR and PWB-CHEST scores (scale 0-100) were compared between chemotherapy groups at baseline and for 3 years postoperatively. Factors associated with SABTR and PWB-CHEST at 1 and 2 years were assessed with multivariable linear regression. RESULTS Overall, 640 patients had BCS and 602 had M-IR; 210 (33%) BCS patients and 294 (49%) M-IR patients had NAC. Following BCS, SABTR was higher than baseline at all postoperative timepoints, whereas 3-year SABTR remained similar to baseline following M-IR, independent of chemotherapy timing. In both surgical cohorts, PWB-CHEST was lowest after NAC at 6 months compared with baseline but was similar to adjuvant counterparts by 3 years. NAC was not a statistically significant predictor of SABTR or PWB-CHEST in either surgical cohort on multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS For patients with breast cancer who require chemotherapy, neoadjuvant versus adjuvant timing does not impact long-term PROs in this study. These findings may inform shared decision making regarding the sequence of treatment in patients with operable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate R Pawloski
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marissa K Srour
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tracy-Ann Moo
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Varadan Sevilimedu
- Biostatistics Service, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonas A Nelson
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgical Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paula Garcia
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurie J Kirstein
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monica Morrow
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Audree B Tadros
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Walsh EA, Chabria R, Vranceanu AM, Park ER, Post K, Peppercorn J, Temel JS, Greer JA, Jacobs JM. Understanding pain related to adjuvant endocrine therapy after breast cancer: A qualitative report. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2022; 31:e13723. [PMID: 36196499 PMCID: PMC9701169 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most patients report pain while taking adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) for the treatment of breast cancer. While studies have examined patients' experiences with side effects, none solely capture patients' experiences with AET-related pain, a troubling symptom that reduces quality of life and impairs treatment adherence. This study explored themes of AET-related pain to inform future intervention development. METHODS Between November 2017 and November 2018, female patients (n = 30) with early-stage breast cancer enrolled between 3 and 36 months post-initiation of AET. Purposeful sampling was stratified by adherence level, age, distress level and time taking AET. Study staff conducted, transcribed and coded semi-structured interviews via inductive thematic coding to identify pain-related themes and achieved high inter-coded reliability (Kappa = 0.96). RESULTS Several pain-related themes were observed. Attitudes around pain are generally negative, and management needs are largely unmet. Patients reported preferences for non-pharmacological management strategies and cited AET pain as a reason for medication breaks but not discontinuation. Patients within 19 months of starting AET and low adherers reported more intense and disruptive pain. CONCLUSIONS Patients' experiences varied by patient attributes and revealed modifiable factors that may be targeted through behavioural interventions. AET-related pain is a complex side effect for which psychosocial support may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana-Maria Vranceanu
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elyse R. Park
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Jeffrey Peppercorn
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer S. Temel
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joseph A. Greer
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jamie M. Jacobs
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Moreno Hernández D, Téllez A, Sánchez-Jáuregui T, García CH, García-Solís M, Valdez A. Clinical Hypnosis For Pain Reduction In Breast Cancer Mastectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2022; 70:4-15. [PMID: 34928192 DOI: 10.1080/00207144.2022.2003697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Surgical procedures for breast cancer treatment are commonly followed by pain. Clinical hypnosis has been shown to be effective in reducing pain during and after surgery, but most of the studies have used analogical scales, which only measure pain intensity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of clinical hypnosis on pain intensity and its interference in daily activities in patients before and after mastectomy. The patients were evaluated using the Brief Pain Inventory. Forty patients were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group and evaluated 5 times: 1) baseline, 2) after clinical hypnosis session, 3) before surgery, 4) 1 day after surgery, and 5) 1 week after the surgery (follow-up). The results showed that after surgery the hypnosis group had a statistically significant reduction in pain intensity, less interference of pain with daily activities, sleep and life enjoyment compared with a control group. Clinical hypnosis may be recommended as a complementary treatment procedure for postmastectomy pain reduction and improving the quality of life of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arnoldo Téllez
- Psychology School, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México.,Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Teresa Sánchez-Jáuregui
- Psychology School, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México.,Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Cirilo H García
- Psychology School, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
| | - Manuel García-Solís
- Breast Cancer Unit, "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda" Metropolitan Hospital, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Arturo Valdez
- Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México
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10
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Pain, numbness, or both? Distinguishing the longitudinal course and predictors of positive, painful neuropathic features vs numbness after breast cancer surgery. Pain Rep 2021; 6:e976. [PMID: 34841183 PMCID: PMC8613357 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Examining the divergence of prevalence and predictors of postsurgical numbness vs positive neuropathic symptoms gives insights into variation in clinical postoperative pain experienced by patients. Introduction: Both positive (burning, stabbing, and allodynia) and negative (numbness) neuropathic symptoms may arise after surgery but likely contribute differently to patients' postoperative pain experience. Numbness has been identified as divergent from positive neuropathic symptoms and therefore excluded from some neuropathic assessment tools (Neuropathic Pain Scale for PostSurgical patients [NeuPPS]). Objectives: In this prospective longitudinal study of patients undergoing breast surgery, we aimed to delineate the time course of numbness and its coincidence with NeuPPS and to contrast the association of surgical, psychosocial, and psychophysical predictors with the development of negative vs positive neuropathic symptoms. Methods: Patients reported surgical area sensory disturbances at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Association of baseline demographic, surgical, psychosocial, and psychophysical factors with NeuPPS and numbness across time was investigated using generalized estimating equation linear and logistic regression. Results: Numbness was consistently reported by 65% of patients; positive neuropathic symptoms were less common, often decreasing over time. Neuropathic Pain scale for PostSurgical patients and numbness co-occurred in half of patients and were both associated with greater clinical pain severity and impact, younger age, axillary surgery, and psychosocial factors. More extensive surgery and chemotherapy were only associated with numbness. Conversely, other chronic pain, lower physical activity, perioperative opioid use, negative affect, and lower baseline pressure pain threshold and tolerance were only associated with NeuPPS. Patients reporting numbness alone did not endorse substantial clinical pain. Conclusions: Differentiation of predictors, prevalence, and time course of numbness vs NeuPPS in breast surgical patients revealed important distinctions, suggesting that their independent assessment is worthwhile in future studies of postsurgical pain.
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Worry and rumination in breast cancer patients: perseveration worsens self-rated health. J Behav Med 2020; 44:253-259. [PMID: 33135103 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-020-00192-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A number of studies have shown that self-rated health reliably predicts mortality. This study assessed the impact of perseveration on self-rated health, physical functioning, and physical symptoms (pain, fatigue, breast cancer symptoms) among breast cancer patients. We hypothesized that cancer-related distress would serve as an intervening variable between both worry and rumination and self-rated health, physical functioning, and physical symptoms. Women (N = 124) who were approximately 7 weeks post-surgery but pre adjuvant treatment completed the Impact of Events Scale, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, and the Rumination Scale. They also rated their pain, fatigue, physical functioning, and self-rated health using the RAND-36 and breast cancer symptoms with the Breast Cancer Prevention Trial Symptom Checklist (BCPT). Covariates included body mass index, age, cancer stage, menopause status, and physical comorbidities. Worry was associated with higher cancer-related distress, which in turn predicted greater pain and breast cancer symptoms, poorer physical functioning, and lower self-rated health. Rumination also predicted greater cancer-related distress, which ultimately contributed to greater pain along with poorer physical functioning and self-rated health. Models with fatigue as an outcome were not significant. These findings suggest that perseveration can heighten cancer-related distress and subsequent perceptions of physical symptoms and health among breast cancer patients prior to adjuvant treatment. Perseveration early in the cancer trajectory can adversely increase the impact of a cancer diagnosis and treatment on functioning and quality of life.
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Wang L, Cohen JC, Devasenapathy N, Hong BY, Kheyson S, Lu D, Oparin Y, Kennedy SA, Romerosa B, Arora N, Kwon HY, Jackson K, Prasad M, Jayasekera D, Li A, Guarna G, Natalwalla S, Couban RJ, Reid S, Khan JS, McGillion M, Busse JW. Prevalence and intensity of persistent post-surgical pain following breast cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Br J Anaesth 2020; 125:346-357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Self-reported pain in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy. Support Care Cancer 2020; 29:155-167. [PMID: 32323002 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy (RT) commonly report pain, contributing to physical and emotional distress, and potentially resulting in poor quality of life. This study prospectively identified trends and risk factors in patient-reported pain associated with breast irradiation using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) and a study-specific Skin Symptom Assessment (SSA). METHODS Before RT and once per week during RT, patients completed the ESAS and SSA. Upon RT completion, patients were contacted via telephone to complete both assessments weekly for 6 weeks, and a final assessment was conducted 1-3 months post-RT. Only data from patients who had completed both assessments before, at least once during, and at least once after RT were included in our analysis. RESULTS A total of 426 patients provided data for the analysis. Overall acute pain increased significantly at week 1-2 (p < 0.0001), week 5 (p = 0.0011), and at 1-3 months (p < 0.0001) post-RT compared with baseline, and acute breast pain increased significantly at week 1 (p < 0.001) and week 2 (p = 0.0002) post-RT compared with baseline. Previous chemotherapy (adjuvant or neoadjuvant) in mastectomy patients was associated with increased overall pain compared with mastectomy patients without previous chemotherapy (p = 0.017). Younger patients (40-49 or 50-59 years of age) reported more overall pain (p = 0.0001, p = 0.038) and breast pain (p = 0.0003, p = 0.0038) compared with patients ≥ 60 years of age. CONCLUSIONS Patient-reported pain associated with breast irradiation peaked 1 week after RT completion. Our findings provide support for closer monitoring of acute pain associated with breast RT in younger patients.
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Trindade IA, Marta-Simões J, Mendes AL, Borrego M, Ponte A, Carvalho C, Ferreira C, Pinto-Gouveia J. A longitudinal preliminary analysis on the role of experiential avoidance in breast cancer patients' reported health outcomes. Psychooncology 2020; 29:812-814. [PMID: 31916342 DOI: 10.1002/pon.5330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inês A Trindade
- CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Marta-Simões
- CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Laura Mendes
- CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Margarida Borrego
- Radiotherapy Service of the University Coimbra Hospital, (Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Andreia Ponte
- Radiotherapy Service of the University Coimbra Hospital, (Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Carvalho
- Radiotherapy Service of the University Coimbra Hospital, (Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Ferreira
- CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Pinto-Gouveia
- CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Ngamkham S, Holden JE, Smith EL. A Systematic Review: Mindfulness Intervention for Cancer-Related Pain. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2019; 6:161-169. [PMID: 30931361 PMCID: PMC6371675 DOI: 10.4103/apjon.apjon_67_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Moderate-to-severe pain is a common problem experienced by patients with cancer. Although analgesic drugs are effective, adverse side effects are common and some analgesic drugs are addictive. Nonpharmacological treatment may be a way to treat cancer pain without causing negative side effects. Mindfulness is used as an effective nonpharmacological treatment to improve quality of life (QoL) and to address psychological problems including distress, anxiety, stress, and depression. However, the effect of mindfulness on pain severity has not been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, a systematic review was undertaken to describe the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions for pain and its underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. The search was conducted in PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and CINAHL and included only empirical studies published from 2008 to 2017. Search terms included mindfulness, mindfulness-based intervention, meditation, cancer, pain, and cancer-related pain. Six studies met the search criteria. These studies tested several types of intervention including mindfulness-based stress reduction, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, meditation with massage, and mindful awareness practices. Study outcomes include improved pain severity, anxiety, stress, depression, and QoL. However, most studies reviewed were conducted in the United States and Denmark. Further research is needed to test culturally appropriate mindfulness interventions to reduce pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srisuda Ngamkham
- Department of Nursing Administration and Professional Development, Boromarajonani College of Nursing Sawanpracharak Nakhonsawan, Nakhonsawan, Thailand
| | - Janean E Holden
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ellen Lavoie Smith
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Wang K, Yee C, Tam S, Drost L, Chan S, Zaki P, Rico V, Ariello K, Dasios M, Lam H, DeAngelis C, Chow E. Prevalence of pain in patients with breast cancer post-treatment: A systematic review. Breast 2018; 42:113-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.08.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Ilhan E, Chee E, Hush J, Moloney N. The prevalence of neuropathic pain is high after treatment for breast cancer: a systematic review. Pain 2018; 158:2082-2091. [PMID: 28797014 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pain is common, but often poorly managed after breast cancer treatment. Screening questionnaires and the Neuropathic Pain Special Interest Group (NeuPSIG) criteria are 2 clinical approaches used to determine whether pain has neuropathic components, which may enable better pain management. The aims of this review were (1) to synthesise data from the literature on neuropathic pain prevalence in women after breast cancer treatment; (2) to investigate whether the prevalence of neuropathic pain differed between studies using screening questionnaires and the NeuPSIG criteria. We searched for studies that administered a validated neuropathic pain screening questionnaire and/or the NeuPSIG criteria to women treated for early-stage (I-III) breast cancer. Thirteen studies using screening questionnaires (N = 3792) and 3 studies using components of the NeuPSIG criteria (N = 621) were included. Meta-analyses were conducted for questionnaire data but not for NeuPSIG criteria data because of inadequate homogeneity. Among all participants treated for early-stage breast cancer, pooled prevalence estimates (95% confidence interval) ranged between 14.2% (8.3-21.4) and 27.2% (24.7-88.4) for studies using screening questionnaires; studies using NeuPSIG criteria reported prevalence rates from 24.1% to 31.3%. Among those who reported pain after treatment, the pooled prevalence estimate (95% confidence interval) of neuropathic pain from screening questionnaires ranged from 32.6% (24.2-41.6) to 58.2% (24.7-88.4); studies using NeuPSIG criteria reported prevalence rates from 29.5% to 57.1%. These prevalence estimates are higher than those reported for other types of cancer, and emphasise the need to assess the contribution of neuropathic pain after breast cancer treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration CRD42015029987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Ilhan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Health Professions, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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Persistent Breast Pain Among Women With Histories of Breast-conserving Surgery for Breast Cancer Compared With Women Without Histories of Breast Surgery or Cancer. Clin J Pain 2017; 33:51-56. [PMID: 27922843 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared persistent breast pain among women who received breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer and women without a history of breast cancer. METHODS Breast cancer survivors (n=200) were recruited at their first postsurgical surveillance mammogram (6 to 15 mo postsurgery). Women without a breast cancer history (n=150) were recruited at the time of a routine screening mammogram. All women completed measures of breast pain, pain interference with daily activities and intimacy, worry about breast pain, anxiety symptoms, and depression symptoms. Demographic and medical information were also collected. RESULTS Persistent breast pain (duration ≥6 mo) was reported by 46.5% of breast cancer survivors and 12.7% of women without a breast cancer history (P<0.05). Breast cancer survivors also had significantly higher rates of clinically significant persistent breast pain (pain intensity score ≥3/10), as well as higher average breast pain intensity and unpleasantness scores. Breast cancer survivors with persistent breast pain had significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms, as well as pain worry and interference, compared with survivors without persistent breast pain or women without a breast cancer history. Anxiety symptoms were significantly higher in breast cancer survivors with persistent breast pain compared with women without a breast cancer history. DISCUSSION Results indicate that persistent breast pain negatively impacts women with a history of breast-conserving cancer surgery compared with women without that history. Strategies to ameliorate persistent breast pain and to improve adjustment among women with persistent breast pain should be explored for incorporation into standard care for breast cancer survivors.
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Chronic pain and other symptoms among breast cancer survivors: prevalence, predictors, and effects on quality of life. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 167:157-169. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Romero A, Torà-Rocamora I, Baré M, Barata T, Domingo L, Ferrer J, Torà N, Comas M, Merenciano C, Macià F, Castells X, Sala M. Prevalence of persistent pain after breast cancer treatment by detection mode among participants in population-based screening programs. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:735. [PMID: 27632982 PMCID: PMC5025583 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To date, the study of the risks and benefits of breast cancer screening has not included the onset of persistent pain after breast cancer treatment within the context of population-based screening programs. Our purpose was to investigate the prevalence of persistent pain and associated factors in women diagnosed with breast cancer (screening or interval) in the context of a population-based breast cancer screening program in Spain. Methods A total of 1,057 women participating in a population-based breast cancer screening program were diagnosed with breast cancer between 2000 and 2008. The women were treated surgically and followed-up to 2013. The risk of developing persistent pain was estimated through multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Breast cancer was detected during routine screening in 732 women (69.3 %) and emerged as an interval cancer between two screening rounds in 325 (30.7 %). Persistent pain was present in 118 women (11.3 %). Women diagnosed through routine screening reported a higher prevalence of persistent pain (12.9 %) than those with interval cancers (7.8 %)(P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified two other variables associated with persistent pain: having a Charlson index > =2 (Odds Ratio [OR]: 4.5 95 % Confidence Interval [CI]: 2.1-9.5) versus no comorbidities, and having undergone an axillary lymph node dissection (OR: 2.0 95 % CI: 1.0-4.0) versus sentinel lymph node biopsy. Conclusions The prevalence of persistent pain was relatively low. The detection mode was not related to the onset of persistent pain. The factors associated with persistent pain were a Charlson index > =2 and the performance of axillary lymph node dissection. Women treated for breast cancer are at risk for developing persistent pain regardless of the detection mode, especially those with comorbidities and those who have undergone axillary lymph node dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Romero
- Department of Epidemiology and Evaluation, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Passeig Marítim 25-29, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.
| | - Isabel Torà-Rocamora
- Department of Epidemiology and Evaluation, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Passeig Marítim 25-29, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Marisa Baré
- Clinical Epidemiology and Cancer Screening, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí-UAB, Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Sabadell, Spain
| | - Teresa Barata
- General Directorate of Health Care Programmes, Canary Islands Health Service, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Laia Domingo
- Department of Epidemiology and Evaluation, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Passeig Marítim 25-29, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.,Agency for Health Quality and Assessment of Catalonia (AQuAS), Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Ferrer
- Department of Radiology, Hospital de Santa Caterina, Salt, Girona, Spain
| | - Núria Torà
- Clinical Epidemiology and Cancer Screening, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí-UAB, Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Sabadell, Spain
| | - Mercè Comas
- Department of Epidemiology and Evaluation, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Passeig Marítim 25-29, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Carmen Merenciano
- General Directorate of Health Care Programmes, Canary Islands Health Service, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Francesc Macià
- Department of Epidemiology and Evaluation, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Passeig Marítim 25-29, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Xavier Castells
- Department of Epidemiology and Evaluation, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Passeig Marítim 25-29, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Maria Sala
- Department of Epidemiology and Evaluation, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Passeig Marítim 25-29, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
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Baudic S, Jayr C, Albi-Feldzer A, Fermanian J, Masselin-Dubois A, Bouhassira D, Attal N. Effect of Alexithymia and Emotional Repression on Postsurgical Pain in Women With Breast Cancer: A Prospective Longitudinal 12-Month Study. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2015; 17:90-100. [PMID: 26476266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Alexithymia, the inability to identify and express emotions, and emotional repression, a defensive mechanism used to avoid unpleasant emotional experience, have been associated with chronic pain and medical illness including breast cancer, but whether these constructs might predict pain after breast cancer surgery has not been assessed. The present study was conducted to assess the predictive value of alexithymia and emotional repression in postoperative pain. Anxiety, depression, catastrophizing, and psychological adjustment were also assessed. Data were collected before surgery, and then at 2 days and 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. We included 100 pain-free women, 96% of whom were followed for up to 12 months. Separate multivariate analyses identified anxiety as a significant predictor of postsurgical pain at 3 months, alexithymia at 3, 6, and 12 months, and body image and catastrophizing predicted acute or subacute pain at 2 months. In contrast, emotional repression was not predictive of pain. The generalized estimating equation approach was used and identified alexithymia as the only significant predictor of pain during the 12-month period after surgery. Alexithymia, but not emotional repression, predicted the development of persistent pain after breast surgery independently of anxiety and depression. Thus, alexithymia might be involved in mechanisms of pain chronicity. PERSPECTIVE This prospective study, conducted in women with breast cancer surgery, showed that alexithymia but not emotional repression predicted postsurgical pain. These results highlight the role of dysfunction in emotional processing in the development of postsurgical pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Baudic
- INSERM U-987, Ambroise Paré Hospital, APHP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin, Versailles, France.
| | - Christian Jayr
- Department of General Surgery, Rene Huguenin Hospital - Curie Institute, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Aline Albi-Feldzer
- Department of General Surgery, Rene Huguenin Hospital - Curie Institute, Saint-Cloud, France
| | | | | | - Didier Bouhassira
- INSERM U-987, Ambroise Paré Hospital, APHP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin, Versailles, France
| | - Nadine Attal
- INSERM U-987, Ambroise Paré Hospital, APHP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin, Versailles, France
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22
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Cancer treatment-related neuropathic pain syndromes--epidemiology and treatment: an update. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2015; 18:459. [PMID: 25239766 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-014-0459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer treatment-related chronic neuropathic pain (NP) is a pervasive and distressing problem that negatively influences function and quality of life for countless cancer survivors. It occurs because of cancer treatment-induced damage to peripheral and central nervous system structures. NP becomes chronic when pain signal transmission persists, eventually sensitizing neurons in the dorsal horn and other pain-processing regions in the central nervous system. Frequently overlooked, NP due to cancer treatment has been understudied. Consequently, only a few pharmacologic interventions have been shown to be effective based on the results of randomized controlled trials. Future research designed to explore pathophysiologic mechanisms and effective mechanism-targeted interventions is sorely needed.
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Cancer treatment-related neuropathic pain: proof of concept study with menthol--a TRPM8 agonist. Support Care Cancer 2015; 23:2769-77. [PMID: 25680765 PMCID: PMC4519585 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-015-2642-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Effective treatment of neuropathic pain without unacceptable side effects is challenging. Cancer sufferers increasingly live with long-term treatment-related neuropathic pain, resulting from chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) or surgical scars. This proof-of-concept study aimed to determine whether preclinical evidence for TRPM8 ion channels in sensory neurons as a novel analgesic target could be translated to clinical benefit in patients with neuropathic pain, using the TRPM8 activator menthol. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with problematic treatment-related neuropathic pain underwent a baseline assessment using validated questionnaires, psychophysical testing, and objective functional measures. The painful area was treated with topical 1 % menthol cream twice daily. Assessments were repeated at 4-6 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in Brief Pain Inventory total scores at 4-6 weeks. Secondary outcomes included changes in function, mood and skin sensation. RESULTS Fifty-one patients (female/male, 32/19) were recruited with a median age of 61 (ranging from 20 to 89). The commonest aetiology was CIPN (35/51), followed by scar pain (10/51). Thirty-eight were evaluable on the primary outcome. Eighty-two per cent (31/38) had an improvement in total Brief Pain Inventory scores (median, 47 (interquartile range, 30 to 64) to 34 (6 to 59), P < 0.001). Improvements in mood (P = 0.0004), catastrophising (P = 0.001), walking ability (P = 0.008) and sensation (P < 0.01) were also observed. CONCLUSION This proof-of-concept study indicates that topical menthol has potential as a novel analgesic therapy for cancer treatment-related neuropathic pain. Improvements in patient-rated measures are supported by changes in objective measures of physical function and sensation. Further systematic evaluation of efficacy is required.
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Doong SH, Dhruva A, Dunn LB, West C, Paul SM, Cooper BA, Elboim C, Abrams G, Merriman JD, Langford DJ, Leutwyler H, Baggott C, Kober K, Aouizerat BE, Miaskowski C. Associations between cytokine genes and a symptom cluster of pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depression in patients prior to breast cancer surgery. Biol Res Nurs 2014; 17:237-47. [PMID: 25304131 DOI: 10.1177/1099800414550394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depression are common and frequently co-occurring symptoms in oncology patients. This symptom cluster is often attributed to the release of proinflammatory cytokines. The purposes of this study were to determine whether distinct latent classes of patients with breast cancer (n = 398) could be identified based on their experience with this symptom cluster, whether patients in these latent classes differed on demographic and clinical characteristics and whether variations in cytokine genes were associated with latent class membership. Three distinct latent classes were identified: "all low" (61.0%), "low pain and high fatigue" (31.6%), "all high" (7.1%). Compared to patients in the all low class, patients in the all high class were significantly younger, had less education, were more likely to be non-White, had a lower annual income, were more likely to live alone, had a lower functional status, had a higher comorbidity score, and had more advanced disease. Significant associations were found between interleukin 6 (IL6) rs2069845, IL13 rs1295686, and tumor necrosis factor alpha rs18800610 and latent class membership. Findings suggest that variations in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes are associated with this symptom cluster in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sy-Huey Doong
- Schools of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anand Dhruva
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura B Dunn
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Claudia West
- Schools of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steven M Paul
- Schools of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce A Cooper
- Schools of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Gary Abrams
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John D Merriman
- Schools of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dale J Langford
- Schools of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Heather Leutwyler
- Schools of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christina Baggott
- Schools of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kord Kober
- Schools of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bradley E Aouizerat
- Schools of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Hidding JT, Beurskens CHG, van der Wees PJ, van Laarhoven HWM, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG. Treatment related impairments in arm and shoulder in patients with breast cancer: a systematic review. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96748. [PMID: 24816774 PMCID: PMC4016041 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women in the developed world. As a result of breast cancer treatment, many patients suffer from serious complaints in their arm and shoulder, leading to limitations in activities of daily living and participation. In this systematic literature review we present an overview of the adverse effects of the integrated breast cancer treatment related to impairment in functions and structures in the upper extremity and upper body and limitations in daily activities. Patients at highest risk were defined. METHODS AND FINDINGS We conducted a systematic literature search using the databases of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane from 2000 to October 2012, according to the PRISMA guidelines. Included were studies with patients with stage I-III breast cancer, treated with surgery and additional treatments (radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonal therapy). The following health outcomes were extracted: reduced joint mobility, reduced muscle strength, pain, lymphedema and limitations in daily activities. Outcomes were divided in within the first 12 months and >12 months post-operatively. Patients treated with ALND are at the highest risk of developing impairments of the arm and shoulder. Reduced ROM and muscle strength, pain, lymphedema and decreased degree of activities in daily living were reported most frequently in relation to ALND. Lumpectomy was related to a decline in the level of activities of daily living. Radiotherapy and hormonal therapy were the main risk factors for pain. CONCLUSIONS Patients treated with ALND require special attention to detect and consequently address impairments in the arm and shoulder. Patients with pain should be monitored carefully, because pain limits the degree of daily activities. Future research has to describe a complete overview of the medical treatment and analyze outcome in relation to the treatment. Utilization of uniform validated measurement instruments has to be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine T. Hidding
- Radboud university medical center, Department of Orthopedics, Section of Physical Therapy, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud university medical center, Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Carien H. G. Beurskens
- Radboud university medical center, Department of Orthopedics, Section of Physical Therapy, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Philip J. van der Wees
- Radboud university medical center, Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W. M. van Laarhoven
- Academic Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Hughes S, Jaremka LM, Alfano CM, Glaser R, Povoski SP, Lipari AM, Agnese DM, Farrar WB, Yee LD, Carson WE, Malarkey WB, Kiecolt-Glaser JK. Social support predicts inflammation, pain, and depressive symptoms: longitudinal relationships among breast cancer survivors. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2014; 42:38-44. [PMID: 24636499 PMCID: PMC3970938 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pain and depressive symptoms are commonly experienced by cancer survivors. Lower social support is linked to a variety of negative mental and physical health outcomes among survivors. Immune dysregulation may be one mechanism linking low social support to the development of pain and depressive symptoms over time. Accordingly, the goal of the present study was to examine the relationships among survivors' social support, pain, depressive symptoms, and inflammation. METHODS Breast cancer survivors (N=164, stages 0-IIIA) completed two study visits, one before any cancer treatment and the other 6 months after the completion of surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy, whichever came last. Women completed self-report questionnaires assessing social support, pain, and depressive symptoms, and provided a blood sample at both visits. RESULTS Survivors with lower social support prior to treatment experienced higher levels of pain and depressive symptoms over time than their more socially supported counterparts. Furthermore, women with lower pretreatment social support had higher levels of IL-6 over time, and these elevations in IL-6 predicted marginally larger increases in depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that social support at the time of diagnosis predicts the post-treatment development of pain, depressive symptoms, and inflammation. Consequently, early interventions targeting survivors' social networks could improve quality of life during survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spenser Hughes
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Lisa M. Jaremka
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | | | - Ronald Glaser
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Stephen P. Povoski
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Adele M. Lipari
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Doreen M. Agnese
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - William B. Farrar
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Lisa D. Yee
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - William E. Carson
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - William B. Malarkey
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Department of Psychiatry, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objectives were to describe trajectories of depressive symptoms and pain at hospital discharge and 6 weeks later and to examine the relationship of persistent depressive symptoms to pain. METHODS Before and 6 weeks after hospital discharge, 251 patients undergoing cardiac surgery (mean [SD] age = 67.3 [9.5] years; 73% male) completed the Beck Depression Inventory and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of persistent depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory score >10 at both times). Between-group differences in pain interference (BPI-INT) and pain severity (BPI-SEV) were evaluated using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Linear regressions were performed to determine if changes in depressive symptoms were related to BPI-INT and BPI-SEV, controlling for demographic and clinical data. RESULTS Persistent (16.3%) or worsening depressive symptoms (15.3%) from hospital discharge to 6 weeks were observed; many experienced at least some persistent pain (BPI-INT 67.8%, BPI-SEV 47.8%). From discharge to 6 weeks, patients with persistent depressive symptoms sustained higher levels of BPI-INT (p < .001) and BPI-SEV (p < .003). In multivariate analysis, only changes in depressive symptoms, not clinical and demographic variables, were related to BPI-INT (p < .001) and BPI-SEV (p = .001). CONCLUSIONS Persistent depressive symptoms are independently associated with continued pain up to 6 weeks after hospital discharge. Successful treatment of ongoing pain should include screening for depressive symptoms and initiation of appropriate treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATON Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00522717.
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Johansen A, Schirmer H, Stubhaug A, Nielsen CS. Persistent post-surgical pain and experimental pain sensitivity in the Tromsø study: comorbid pain matters. Pain 2013; 155:341-348. [PMID: 24145207 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In a large survey incorporating medical examination (N=12,981), information on chronic pain and surgery was collected, and sensitivity to different pain modalities was tested. Tolerance to the cold pressor test was analysed with survival statistics for 10,486 individuals, perceived cold pressor pain intensity was calculated for 10,367 individuals, heat pain threshold was assessed for 4,054 individuals, and pressure pain sensitivity for 4,689 individuals. Persistent post-surgical pain, defined by self-report, was associated with lower cold pressor tolerance (sex-adjusted hazard ratio=1.34, 95% confidence interval=1.08-1.66), but not when adjusting for other chronic pain. Other experimental pain modalities did not differentiate between individuals with or without post-surgical pain. Of the individuals with chronic pain (N=3352), 6.2% indicated surgery as a cause, although only 0.5% indicated surgery as the only cause. The associations found between persistent post-surgical pain and cold pressor tolerance is largely explained by the co-existence of chronic pain from other causes. We conclude that most cases of persistent post-surgical pain are coexistent with other chronic pain, and that, in an unselected post-surgical population, persistent post-surgical pain is not significantly associated with pain sensitivity when controlling for comorbid pain from other causes. A low prevalence of self-reported persistent pain from surgery attenuates statistically significant associations. We hypothesize that general chronic pain is associated with central changes in pain processing as expressed by reduced tolerance for the cold pressor test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslak Johansen
- Division of Surgical Medicine and Intensive Care, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Norway Division of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Department of Pain Management and Research, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Persistent breast pain 5 years after treatment of invasive breast cancer is largely unexplained by factors associated with treatment. J Cancer Surviv 2013; 8:1-8. [PMID: 23975613 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-013-0306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of our study was to establish the prevalence of breast pain persisting 5 years after the initial treatment of breast cancer (BC) and the relationship between those persistent symptoms and general well-being. METHODS The study involved women from Victoria, Australia, who had survived at least 5 years from diagnosis, remained free from recurrence or new BC and completed the fifth annual follow-up questionnaire. Analysis involved both multivariable logistic and linear regression. RESULTS Of 1,205 women, 45 % reported breast pain which persisted for at least 3 months following initial treatment, and of these, 80 % reported pain persisting for at least 5 years. The factor contributing most to the likelihood of persistent breast pain was current lymphedema; however, a full multivariable model explained <10 % of the likelihood of breast pain persisting for 5 years. The presence of breast pain at 5 years was associated with only a modest reduction in general well-being. CONCLUSIONS Breast pain persisting for at least 5 years after treatment for BC is common. As the pain is largely unexplained by factors associated with the characteristics of the cancer or its treatment, the contribution of patient expectations to persistent breast pain may be considerable. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Where persistent pain occurs, referral for the management of pain and, where appropriate, lymphedema is warranted.
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Biopsychosocial approach to persistent post-mastectomy pain: What can we conclude? Pain 2013; 154:623-624. [PMID: 23522928 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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