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Zhou T, Cao J, Chen G, Wang Y, Zou G, Liang H. Role of Sox3 in Estradiol-Induced Sex Reversal in Pelodiscus sinensis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:248. [PMID: 38203425 PMCID: PMC10779075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis, an economically important species in China, exhibits significant sexual dimorphism. Males are more valuable than females owing to their wider calipash and faster growth. Estradiol (E2)-induced sex reversal is used to achieve all-male breeding of turtles; however, the mechanism of this sex reversal remains unclear. In this study, we characterized the Sox3 gene, whose expression level was high in the gonads and brain and exhibited significant sexual dimorphism in the ovary. During embryonic development, Sox3 was highly expressed at the initiation of ovarian differentiation. E2 and Sox3-RNAi treatment before sexual differentiation led to 1352, 908, 990, 1011, and 975 differentially expressed genes in five developmental stages, respectively, compared with only E2 treatment. The differentially expressed genes were clustered into 20 classes. The continuously downregulated and upregulated genes during gonadal differentiation were categorized into Class 0 (n = 271) and Class 19 (n = 606), respectively. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that Sox3 significantly affected sexual differentiation via the Wnt, TGF-β, and TNF signaling pathways and mRNA surveillance pathway. The expression of genes involved in these signaling pathways, such as Dkk4, Nog, Msi1, and Krt14, changed significantly during gonadal differentiation. In conclusion, the deletion of Sox3 may lead to significant upregulation of the mRNA surveillance pathway and TNF and Ras signaling pathways and downregulation of the Wnt and TGF-β signaling pathways, inhibiting E2-induced sex reversal. These findings suggest that Sox3 may play a certain promoting effect during E2-induced sex reversal in P. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuhan 430223, China; (T.Z.); (J.C.); (G.C.); (Y.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Jizeng Cao
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuhan 430223, China; (T.Z.); (J.C.); (G.C.); (Y.W.); (G.Z.)
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Guobin Chen
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuhan 430223, China; (T.Z.); (J.C.); (G.C.); (Y.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Yubin Wang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuhan 430223, China; (T.Z.); (J.C.); (G.C.); (Y.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guiwei Zou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuhan 430223, China; (T.Z.); (J.C.); (G.C.); (Y.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Hongwei Liang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuhan 430223, China; (T.Z.); (J.C.); (G.C.); (Y.W.); (G.Z.)
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Sharma P, Purohit S, Kothiyal S, Negi S, Bhattacharya I. Sex Specific Transcriptional Regulation of Gonadal Steroidogenesis in Teleost Fishes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:820241. [PMID: 35250877 PMCID: PMC8894591 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.820241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Pu Q, Ma Y, Zhong Y, Guo J, Gui L, Li M. Characterization and expression analysis of sox3 in medaka gonads. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Senthilkumaran B, Kar S. Advances in Reproductive Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Research Using Catfish Models. Cells 2021; 10:2807. [PMID: 34831032 PMCID: PMC8616529 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Catfishes, belonging to the order siluriformes, represent one of the largest groups of freshwater fishes with more than 4000 species and almost 12% of teleostean population. Due to their worldwide distribution and diversity, catfishes are interesting models for ecologists and evolutionary biologists. Incidentally, catfish emerged as an excellent animal model for aquaculture research because of economic importance, availability, disease resistance, adaptability to artificial spawning, handling, culture, high fecundity, hatchability, hypoxia tolerance and their ability to acclimate to laboratory conditions. Reproductive system in catfish is orchestrated by complex network of nervous, endocrine system and environmental factors during gonadal growth as well as recrudescence. Lot of new information on the molecular mechanism of gonadal development have been obtained over several decades which are evident from significant number of scientific publications pertaining to reproductive biology and neuroendocrine research in catfish. This review aims to synthesize key findings and compile highly relevant aspects on how catfish can offer insight into fundamental mechanisms of all the areas of reproduction and its neuroendocrine regulation, from gametogenesis to spawning including seasonal reproductive cycle. In addition, the state-of-knowledge surrounding gonadal development and neuroendocrine control of gonadal sex differentiation in catfish are comprehensively summarized in comparison with other fish models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India;
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Tenugu S, Pranoty A, Mamta SK, Senthilkumaran B. Development and organisation of gonadal steroidogenesis in bony fishes - A review. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Anitha A, Senthilkumaran B. Role of sox30 in regulating testicular steroidogenesis of common carp. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 204:105769. [PMID: 33065277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Expression of transcription factors is crucial for the regulation of steroidogenesis and gonadal development in fish. SRY-related box (SOX) proteins regulate gene expression of various events related to vertebrate reproduction. This study reports the role of sox30 and its influence on sox9a/b in regulating testicular steroidogenesis of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Tissue distribution showed predominant expression of sox30 in gonads, while gonadal ontogeny indicated significant dimorphic expression of sox30 from 120 days post hatch. Higher sox30 transcripts during the spawning season, an elevation of sox30 after human chorionic gonadotropin induction, and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) treatment authenticate gonadotropin dependency. Treatment of 17α-methyl-di-hydroxy-testosterone to juvenile common carp for mono-sex induction, vis-à-vis elevated sox30 expression. Sox30 protein was detected abundantly in spermatocytes and spermatid/sperm of carp testis. Transient silencing of sox30 using small interfering RNAs decreased sox9a/b expression, lead to downregulation of certain molecule/factor, transcription factor, germ/stem cell marker, and steroidogenesis-related enzyme genes. Serum testosterone and 11-KT decreased significantly upon transient silencing of sox30, in vivo. Concomitantly, a reduction in testicular microsomal 11-β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was observed. These results demonstrate the influence of sox30 as well as sox9a/b in the regulation of testicular steroidogenesis in common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Anitha
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
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Zhang G, Li J, Zhang J, Liang X, Wang T, Yin S. A high-density SNP-based genetic map and several economic traits-related loci in Pelteobagrus vachelli. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:700. [PMID: 33028208 PMCID: PMC7542894 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high-density genetic linkage map is essential for QTL fine mapping, comparative genome analysis, identification of candidate genes and marker-assisted selection in aquaculture species. Pelteobagrus vachelli is a very popular commercial species in Asia. However, some specific characters hindered achievement of the traditional selective breeding based on phenotypes, such as lack of large-scale genomic resource and short of markers tightly associated with growth, sex determination and hypoxia tolerance related traits. RESULTS By making use of 5059 ddRAD markers in P. vachelli, a high-resolution genetic linkage map was successfully constructed. The map' length was 4047.01 cM by using an interval of 0.11 cm, which is an average marker standard. Comparative genome mapping revealed that a high proportion (83.2%) of markers with a one-to-one correspondence were observed between P. vachelli and P. fulvidraco. Based on the genetic map, 8 significant genome-wide QTLs for 4 weight, 1 body proportion, 2 sex determination, and 1 hypoxia tolerance related traits were detected on 4 LGs. Some SNPs from these significant genome-wide QTLs were observably associated with these phenotypic traits in other individuals by Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR. In addition, two candidate genes for weight, Sipa1 and HSD11B2, were differentially expressed between fast-, medium- and slow-growing P. vachelli. Sema7a, associated with hypoxia tolerance, was induced after hypoxia exposure and reoxygenation. CONCLUSIONS We mapped a set of suggestive and significant QTLs as well as candidate genes for 12 growth, 1 sex determination and 1 hypoxia tolerance related traits based on a high-density genetic linkage map by making use of SNP markers for P. fulvidraco. Our results have offered a valuable method about the much more efficient production of all-male, fast growth and hypoxia tolerance P. vachelli for the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosong Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Key laboratory for physiology biochemistry and application, Heze University, Heze, 274015, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xia Liang
- Key laboratory for physiology biochemistry and application, Heze University, Heze, 274015, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang, 222005, China
| | - Shaowu Yin
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang, 222005, China.
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Rajakumar A, Senthilkumaran B. Steroidogenesis and its regulation in teleost-a review. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:803-818. [PMID: 31940121 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormones modulate several important biological processes like metabolism, stress response, and reproduction. Steroidogenesis drives reproductive function wherein development and differentiation of undifferentiated gonads into testis or ovary, and their growth and maturation, are regulated. Steroidogenesis occurs in gonadal and non-gonadal tissues like head kidney, liver, intestine, and adipose tissue in teleosts. This process is regulated differently through multi-level modulation of promoter motif transcription factor regulation of steroidogenic enzyme genes to ultimately control enzyme activity and turnover. In view of this, understanding teleostean steroidogenesis provides major inputs for technological innovation of pisciculture. Unlike higher vertebrates, steroidal intermediates and shift in steroidogenesis is critical for gamete maturation in teleosts, more essentially oogenesis. Considering these characteristics, this review highlights the promoter regulation of steroidogenic enzyme genes by several transcription factors that are involved in teleostean steroidogenesis. It also addresses different methodologies involved in promoter regulation studies together with glucocorticoids and androgen relationship with reference to teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbazhagan Rajakumar
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
- Present Address: Section on Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892,, USA
| | - Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India.
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Li Y, Jin W, Wang Y, Zhang J, Meng C, Wang H, Qian Y, Li Q, Cao S. Three Complete Linkage SNPs ofGDF9Gene Affect the Litter Size Probably Mediated by OCT1 in Hu Sheep. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:563-571. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yinxia Li
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Science, Nanjing, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Science, Nanjing, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Science, Nanjing, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunhua Meng
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Science, Nanjing, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Huili Wang
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Science, Nanjing, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Qian
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Science, Nanjing, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Qifa Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaoxian Cao
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Animal Science, Nanjing, China
- The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
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Prathibha Y, Senthilkumaran B. Expression of wnt4/5 during reproductive cycle of catfish and wnt5 promoter analysis. J Endocrinol 2017; 232:1-13. [PMID: 27875264 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Signaling molecules, Wnt4 and Wnt5, are essential for ovarian growth during developmental stages in mammals. Although these molecules were identified in several teleosts, their precise expression and role in reproductive processes have not yet been explored in any lower vertebrates. In view of this, using catfish, Clarias batrachus as an animal model, cloning and expression analysis of wnt4 and wnt5 were analyzed in different tissues, at various developmental stages, during ovarian reproductive cycle and after gonadotropin induction. These studies indicate a plausible influence of Wnts in ovarian development and recrudescence. Transcript and protein localization revealed their presence in peri-nucleolar, pre-vitellogenic, vitellogenic and follicular layer of post-vitellogenic oocytes. Synchronous expression of pax2 and wnt5 during the ovarian development and recrudescence of catfish led us to analyze the importance of putative binding element of Pax2 in the 5'-promoter motif of wnt5 Promoter activity of wnt5 was analyzed by luciferase assays after transfecting progressive deletion constructs in pGL3 basic vector into the mammalian cell lines (HEK 293 and CHO). The constructs having putative Pax2 motif showed high promoter activity compared with controls. Likewise, the constructs with site-directed mutagenesis showed increased activity after supplementing recombinant Pax2 indicating the prominence of this motif in wnt5 promoter, in vitro Electrophoretic gel mobility shift, supershift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed the binding of Pax2 to its corresponding cis-acting element in the upstream of wnt5 This study is the first of its kind to report the critical transcriptional interaction of Pax2 on wnt5 vis-à-vis ovarian development in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarikipati Prathibha
- Department of Animal BiologySchool of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran
- Department of Animal BiologySchool of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Murugananthkumar R, Senthilkumaran B. Expression analysis and localization of wt1, ad4bp/sf-1 and gata4 in the testis of catfish, Clarias batrachus: Impact of wt1-esiRNA silencing. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 431:164-76. [PMID: 27173028 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In teleosts, a comprehensive role or interaction of wt1, ad4bp/sf-1 and gata4 genes in relation to gonadal development and/or recrudescence was never attempted. Present study aimed to identify the involvement of these genes during testicular development of catfish, Clarias batrachus. Dominant expression of wt1 and gata4 was observed in developing and adult testis, while ad4bp/sf-1 showed steady expression. Localization of these genes in adult testis revealed their presence in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and interstitial/Leydig cells. Significant high expression during pre-spawning and spawning phases, and upregulated levels of these genes after hCG induction authenticated gonadotropic regulation. Transient silencing of wt1-esiRNA displayed decrease in wt1 expression, which further downregulated the expression of ad4bp/sf-1 and gata4, and certain steroidogenic enzyme genes related to androgen production. These results suggest that wt1 might target ad4bp/sf-1 and gata4 expression, and also have regulatory influence either indirectly or directly on the steroidogenic enzyme genes of catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Murugananthkumar
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
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