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Zhou Y, Yue T, Ding Y, Tan H, Weng J, Luo S, Zheng X. Nanotechnology translation in vascular diseases: From design to the bench. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1919. [PMID: 37548140 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a systemic pathophysiological condition contributing to the development of majority of polyvascular diseases. Nanomedicine is a novel and rapidly developing science. Due to their small size, nanoparticles are freely transported in vasculature, and have been widely employed as tools in analytical imaging techniques. Furthermore, the application of nanoparticles also allows target intervention, such as drug delivery and tissue engineering regenerative methods, in the management of major vascular diseases. Therefore, by summarizing the physical and chemical characteristics of common nanoparticles used in diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases, we discuss the details of these applications from cellular, molecular, and in vivo perspectives in this review. Furthermore, we also summarize the status and challenges of the application of nanoparticles in clinical translation. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwen Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tong Yue
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huiling Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Sihui Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xueying Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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What is Adequate Training in Endovascular Treatment for Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease: A Survey from China. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2020; 44:513-515. [PMID: 33174142 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-020-02700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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3
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Sacks D, AbuAwad MK, Ahn SH, Baerlocher MO, Brady PS, Cole JW, Dhand S, Fox BD, Gemmete JJ, Kee-Sampson JW, McCollom V, Patel PJ, Radvany MG, Tomalty RD, Vadlamudi V, Webb MS, Wojak JC. Society of Interventional Radiology Training Guidelines for Endovascular Stroke Treatment. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019; 30:1523-1531. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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4
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Schirmer CM, Siddiqui AH, Frid I, Khalessi AA, Mocco J, Griessenauer CJ, Goren O, Dalal S, Weiner G, Arthur AS. Modern Training and Credentialing in Neuroendovascular Acute Ischemic Stroke Therapy. Neurosurgery 2019; 85:S52-S57. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyz014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clemens M Schirmer
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | - Adnan H Siddiqui
- Toshiba Stroke and Vascular Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Radiology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Ilya Frid
- Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander A Khalessi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - J Mocco
- Research Institute of Neurointervention, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christoph J Griessenauer
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania
- Research Institute of Neurointervention, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Oded Goren
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | - Shamsher Dalal
- Department of Radiology, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | - Gregory Weiner
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Institute, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | - Adam S Arthur
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis, Tennessee
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5
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The Role of Interventional Radiologists in Acute Ischemic Stroke Interventions: A Joint Position Statement from the Society of Interventional Radiology, the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology Society of Europe, and the Interventional Radiology Society of Australasia. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019; 30:131-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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6
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Sacks D, Baxter B, Campbell BCV, Carpenter JS, Cognard C, Dippel D, Eesa M, Fischer U, Hausegger K, Hirsch JA, Hussain MS, Jansen O, Jayaraman MV, Khalessi AA, Kluck BW, Lavine S, Meyers PM, Ramee S, Rüfenacht DA, Schirmer CM, Vorwerk D. Multisociety Consensus Quality Improvement Revised Consensus Statement for Endovascular Therapy of Acute Ischemic Stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:E61-E76. [PMID: 29773566 PMCID: PMC7410632 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Sacks
- From the Department of Interventional Radiology (D.S.), The Reading Hospital and Medical Center, West Reading, Pennsylvania
| | - B Baxter
- Department of Radiology (B.B.), Erlanger Medical Center, Chattanooga, Tennessee
| | - B C V Campbell
- Departments of Medicine and Neurology (B.C.V.C.), Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - J S Carpenter
- Department of Radiology (J.S.C.), West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - C Cognard
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology (C.C.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - D Dippel
- Department of Neurology (D.D.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Eesa
- Department of Radiology (M.E.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - U Fischer
- Department of Neurology (U.F.), Inselspital-Universitätsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Hausegger
- Department of Radiology (K.H.), Klagenfurt State Hospital, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria
| | - J A Hirsch
- Neuroendovascular Program, Department of Radiology (J.A.H.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - M S Hussain
- Cerebrovascular Center, Neurological Institute (M.S.H.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - O Jansen
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology (O.J.), Klinik für Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Kiel, Germany
| | - M V Jayaraman
- Departments of Diagnostic Imaging, Neurology, and Neurosurgery (M.V.J.), Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - A A Khalessi
- Department of Surgery (A.A.K.), University of California San Diego Health, San Diego, California
| | - B W Kluck
- Interventional Cardiology (B.W.K.), Heart Care Group, Allentown, Pennsylvania
| | - S Lavine
- Departments of Neurological Surgery and Radiology (S.L.), Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - P M Meyers
- Departments of Radiology and Neurological Surgery (P.M.M.), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - S Ramee
- Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Institute (S.R.), Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - D A Rüfenacht
- Neuroradiology Division (D.A.R.), Swiss Neuro Institute-Clinic Hirslanden, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C M Schirmer
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience Center (C.M.S.), Geisinger Health System, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
| | - D Vorwerk
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Institutes (D.V.), Klinikum Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany
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7
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Multisociety Consensus Quality Improvement Revised Consensus Statement for Endovascular Therapy of Acute Ischemic Stroke: From the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS), American Society of Neuroradiology (ASNR), Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology Society of Europe (CIRSE), Canadian Interventional Radiology Association (CIRA), Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS), European Society of Minimally Invasive Neurological Therapy (ESMINT), European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR), European Stroke Organization (ESO), Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI), Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR), Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery (SNIS), and World Stroke Organization (WSO). J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018; 29:441-453. [PMID: 29478797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2017.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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8
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Sacks D. Interventional Radiologists and Endovascular Therapy for Acute Ischemic Strokes. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017; 28:1137-1140. [PMID: 28735933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Sacks
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Reading Health System, 6th and Spruce Sts., West Reading, PA 19612.
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9
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Lenthall R, McConachie N, White P, Clifton A, Rowland-Hill C. BSNR training guidance for mechanical thrombectomy. Clin Radiol 2017; 72:175.e11-175.e18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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White PM, Lenthall R, McConachie N, Bhalla A, James M, Dinsmore J, Rodgers H, Rowland-Hill C. Commentary on: Implementing mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke in the UK. Clin Radiol 2016; 72:123-125. [PMID: 27989377 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P M White
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; British Society of Neuroradiologists, UK; UK Neurointerventional Group, UK.
| | - R Lenthall
- British Society of Neuroradiologists, UK; Department of Neuroradiology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - N McConachie
- Department of Neuroradiology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK; UK Neurointerventional Group, UK
| | - A Bhalla
- Stroke Medicine, Guys and St Thomas Hospital, London, UK; British Association of Stroke Physicians, UK
| | - M James
- British Association of Stroke Physicians, UK; Stroke Medicine, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - J Dinsmore
- Department of Anaesthesia, St George's Hospital, London, UK; Neuro Anaesthesia & Critical Care Society of Great Britain and Ireland, UK
| | - H Rodgers
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; British Association of Stroke Physicians, UK
| | - C Rowland-Hill
- British Society of Neuroradiologists, UK; Neuroradiology Department, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
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11
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Youssef A, McCoubrie P. Credentialing in radiology: Current practice and future challenges. World J Radiol 2016; 8:506-512. [PMID: 27247716 PMCID: PMC4882407 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v8.i5.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiology has changed significantly in recent years. The volume of work has increased dramatically as has its complexity. Future radiologists need an adequate training and expertise in conventional practice as well as new techniques. This comes at a time when other stakeholders outside of radiology are voicing their own concerns. The rightly justified increasing focus on patient safety has placed even more emphasis on the demonstration of competent practice by all health care professionals. Credentialing has been put forward as a way to ensure a doctor is competent in specific areas. Credentialing may be an alien concept to many radiology trainees but moves are afoot in the United Kingdom to bring it to the forefront of its postgraduate medical training. Credentialing began in 20th century North America where it was linked to the process of privileging. It subsequently garnered a strong patient safety focus and has become a part of the international healthcare agenda. Not everyone agrees with credentialing, it has many criticisms including the risk of speciality “turf wars” and the stifling of medical excellence to name just a couple. Is credentialing in radiology here to stay or will it pass by quietly? This paper reviews the global credentialing movement and discusses how this may impact on future radiology training, using the United Kingdom as its case example.
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12
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Smith EE, Schwamm LH. Endovascular Clot Retrieval Therapy. Stroke 2015; 46:1462-7. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.115.008385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Endovascular acute ischemic stroke therapy is now proven by randomized controlled trials to produce large, clinically meaningful benefits. In response, stroke systems of care must change to increase timely and equitable access to this therapy. In this review, we provide a North American perspective on implications for stroke systems, focusing on the United States and Canada, accompanied by initial recommendations for changes. Most urgently, every community must create access to a hospital that can safely and quickly provide intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator and immediately transfer appropriate patients onward to a more capable center as required. Safe and effective therapy in the community setting will be ensured by certification programs, performance measurement, and data entry into registries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric E. Smith
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (E.E.S.); and Stroke Service, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (L.H.S.)
| | - Lee H. Schwamm
- From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (E.E.S.); and Stroke Service, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (L.H.S.)
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Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability in the United States. Cerebral neuronal death begins within minutes after threshold values of blood oxygen saturation are crossed. Prompt restoration of oxygenated blood flow into ischemic tissue remains the common goal of reperfusion strategies. This article provides a brief overview of acute ischemic stroke, a summary of the major intra-arterial stroke therapy trials, and comments on current training requirements for the performance of intra-arterial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan A Prince
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Sun Ho Ahn
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Gregory M Soares
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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14
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Sacks D, Connors J(B, Black CM. Society of Interventional Radiology Position Statement on Endovascular Acute Ischemic Stroke Interventions. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2013; 24:1263-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2013.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Sacks D, Black CM, Cognard C, Connors JJ, Frei D, Gupta R, Jovin TG, Kluck B, Meyers PM, Murphy KJ, Ramee S, Rüfenacht DA, Stallmeyer MB, Vorwerk D. Multisociety consensus quality improvement guidelines for intraarterial catheter-directed treatment of acute ischemic stroke, from the American Society of Neuroradiology, Canadian Interventional Radiology Association, Cardiovascular and Interventional Rad. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2013; 82:E52-68. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.24862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Sacks
- Department of Interventional Radiology ; Reading Hospital and Medical Center; West Reading
| | - Carl M. Black
- Department of Radiology ; Utah Valley Regional Medical Center; Provo Utah
| | - Christophe Cognard
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology Service ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse; Hãopital Purpan, Toulouse France
| | - John J. Connors
- Departments of Radiology, Neurological Surgery, and Neurology ; Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville Tennessee
| | - Donald Frei
- Department of Neurointerventional Surgery ; Radiology Imaging Associates and Swedish Medical Center; Denver Colorado
| | - Rishi Gupta
- Department of Neurology ; Emory Clinic; Atlanta Georgia
| | - Tudor G. Jovin
- Center for Neuroendovascular Therapy ; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Stroke Institute; Pittsburgh
| | - Bryan Kluck
- The Heart Care Group ; Allentown Pennsylvania
| | - Philip M. Meyers
- Department of Neurological Surgery ; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; New York New York
| | - Kieran J. Murphy
- Department of Medical Imaging ; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Stephen Ramee
- Department of Interventional Cardiology ; Ochsner Medical Center; New Orleans Louisiana
| | - Daniel A. Rüfenacht
- Neuroradiology Division ; Swiss Neuro Institute Clinic Hirslanden; Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Dierk Vorwerk
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology ; Klinikum Ingolstadt; Ingolstadt Germany
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Sacks D, Black CM, Cognard C, Connors JJ, Frei D, Gupta R, Jovin TG, Kluck B, Meyers PM, Murphy KJ, Ramee S, Rüfenacht DA, Bernadette Stallmeyer M, Vorwerk D. Multisociety Consensus Quality Improvement Guidelines for Intraarterial Catheter-directed Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke, from the American Society of Neuroradiology, Canadian Interventional Radiology Association, Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery, European Society of Minimally Invasive Neurological Therapy, and Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2013; 24:151-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2012.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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18
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Rajan DK, Baerlocher MO, Rose SC, Rosenberg SM, Sacks D, Cardella JF. Society of interventional radiology position statement: mini training courses in interventional radiology techniques. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2011; 23:165-6. [PMID: 22051240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dheeraj K Rajan
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto and University Health Network, 585 University Ave., NCSB 1C-553, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2N2.
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Prince EA, Jayaraman MV, Haas RA. Use of Self-expanding Intracranial Stents in the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010; 21:1755-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2010.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Connors B. The NeuroVascular Coalition: birth, death, and endovascular stroke training. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2010; 31:E74-5. [PMID: 20538825 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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Sacks D, Connors J. Commentary: Intraarterial Stroke Revascularization Training Guidelines. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2009; 20:1523-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2009.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 10/14/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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