A novel fuzzy C-means approach for uncovering cholesterol consensus motif from human G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR)

Cholesterol in myasthenia gravis

The cholinergic neuromuscular junction is the paradigm peripheral synapse between a motor neuron nerve ending and a skeletal muscle fiber. In vertebrates, acetylcholine is released from the presynaptic site and binds to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at the postsynaptic membrane. A variety of pathologies among which myasthenia gravis stands out can impact on this rapid and efficient signaling mechanism, including autoimmune diseases affecting the nicotinic receptor or other synaptic proteins. Cholesterol is an essential component of biomembranes and is particularly rich at the postsynaptic membrane, where it interacts with and modulates many properties of the nicotinic receptor. The profound changes inflicted by myasthenia gravis on the postsynaptic membrane necessarily involve cholesterol. This review analyzes some aspects of myasthenia gravis pathophysiology and associated postsynaptic membrane dysfunction, including dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism in the myocyte brought about by antibody-receptor interactions. In addition, given the extensive therapeutic use of statins as the typical cholesterol-lowering drugs, we discuss their effects on skeletal muscle and the possible implications for MG patients under chronic treatment with this type of compound.

Cellular cholesterol prediction of mammalian ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins based on fuzzy c-means with support vector machine algorithms

Over the years protein interaction and prediction of membrane protein have been a pivotal research area for all researchers. For both prokaryotes and eukaryotes Adenosine Triphosphate-(ATP) binding cassette (ABC) genes plays a significant role. In our analysis, we concentrate on human part of ABC genes. In case of living organisms transport of precise molecules across lipid membranes has been treated as vital part and for that reason a bigger transporter is required to carry out the molecules. Here ABC transporter families are evolved to transport the specific molecules such as sugars, amino acid, peptides, proteins, ions etc. within the plasma membrane. As we know another important component of human being is cholesterol, which is a major component in cell membrane and its main functions are to maintain integrity and mechanical stability. Each and every time, membrane cholesterolsareinteracted with membrane protein in both N-C terminuses and target valid sequence(s) which has relevance in human diseases. In this manuscript we have applied Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) with Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm for prediction of cellular cholesterol with ABC genes. Our experiments have been performed well using ABCdata set.