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Zehtabcheh S, Yousefi AM, Momeny M, Bashash D. C-Myc inhibition intensified the anti-leukemic properties of Imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10157-10167. [PMID: 37924446 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08832-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to its remarkable efficacy in producing hematologic, cytogenetic, and molecular remissions, the FDA approved Imatinib as the first-line treatment for newly diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) patients. However, in some patients, failure to completely eradicate leukemic cells and the escape of these cells from death will lead to the development of resistance to Imatinib, and many are concerned about the prospects of this Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI). It has been documented that the compensatory overexpression of c-Myc is among the most critical mechanisms that promote drug efflux and resistance in CML stem cells. METHODS In order to examine the potential of c-Myc inhibition through the use of 10058-F4 to enhance the anti-leukemic properties of Imatinib, we conducted trypan blue and MTT assays. Additionally, we employed flow cytometric analysis and qRT-PCR to assess the effects of this combination on cell cycle progression and apoptosis. RESULTS The findings of our study indicate that the combination of 10058-F4 and Imatinib exhibited significantly stronger anti-survival and anti-proliferative effects on CML-derived-K562 cells in comparison to either agent administered alone. It is noteworthy that these results were also validated in the CML-derived NALM-1 cell line. Molecular analysis of this synergistic effect revealed that the inhibition of c-Myc augmented the efficacy of Imatinib by modulating the expression of genes related to cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, and proteasome. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the findings of this investigation have demonstrated that the suppression of the c-Myc oncoprotein through the use of 10058-F4 has augmented the effectiveness of Imatinib, suggesting that this amalgamation could offer a fresh perspective on an adjunctive treatment for individuals with CML. Nevertheless, additional scrutiny, encompassing in-vivo examinations and clinical trials, is requisite.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zehtabcheh
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Mohammad Yousefi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Momeny
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Martínez-Martín S, Beaulieu ME, Soucek L. Targeting MYC-driven lymphoma: lessons learned and future directions. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:205-222. [PMID: 37457123 PMCID: PMC10344726 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
MYC plays a central role in tumorigenesis by orchestrating cell proliferation, growth and survival, among other transformation mechanisms. In particular, MYC has often been associated with lymphomagenesis. In fact, MYC overexpressing lymphomas such as high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) and double expressor diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), are considered addicted to MYC. In such a context, MYC targeting therapies are of special interest, as MYC withdrawal is expected to result in tumor regression. However, whether high MYC levels are always predictive of increased sensitivity to these approaches is not clear yet. Even though no MYC inhibitor has received regulatory approval to date, substantial efforts have been made to investigate avenues to render MYC a druggable target. Here, we summarize the different classes of molecules currently under development, which mostly target MYC indirectly in aggressive B-cell lymphomas, paying special attention to subtypes with MYC/BCL2 or BCL6 translocations or overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie-Eve Beaulieu
- Peptomyc S.L., Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Laura Soucek
- Peptomyc S.L., Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona 08035, Spain
- Preclinical & Translational Research Program, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona 08035, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
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3
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Liu X, Xu S, Zhang J, Fan M, Xie J, Zhang B, Li H, Yu G, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Song J, Horne D, Chan WC, Chu X, Huang W. Targeting MYC and BCL2 by a natural compound for "double-hit" lymphoma. Hematol Oncol 2022; 40:356-369. [PMID: 35482553 PMCID: PMC9378491 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Concurrent translocations of MYC and BCL2 lead to abnormal expression of both oncoproteins, which contribute to the aggressive clinical characteristics of double-hit lymphoma (DHL). An effective therapy for DHL remains an unmet clinical need. In this study, we showed that both Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II δ (CAMKIIδ) and γ (CAMKIIγ) were highly expressed in DHL. Both isoforms of CAMKII stabilize c-Myc protein by phosphorylating it at Ser62, increase BCL2 expression, and promote DHL tumor growth. Inhibition of CAMKIIδ and CAMKIIγ by either berbamine (BBM) or one of its derivatives (PA4) led to the down regulation of c-Myc and BCL2 proteins. BBM/PA4 also exhibited anti-tumor efficacy in DHL cell lines and NSG xenograft models. Altogether, CAMKIIδ and CAMKIIγ appear to be critical for DHL tumor development and are promising therapeutic targets for DHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Liu
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantaiShandongChina
- Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer Program & Department of Diabetes Complications and MetabolismBeckman Research InstituteCity of HopeDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Senlin Xu
- Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer Program & Department of Diabetes Complications and MetabolismBeckman Research InstituteCity of HopeDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer Program & Department of Diabetes Complications and MetabolismBeckman Research InstituteCity of HopeDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mingjie Fan
- Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer Program & Department of Diabetes Complications and MetabolismBeckman Research InstituteCity of HopeDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Molecular MedicineCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bingfeng Zhang
- Department of Molecular MedicineCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hongzhi Li
- Department of Molecular MedicineCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Guohua Yu
- Department of PathologyThe Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantaiShandongChina
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantaiShandongChina
| | - Yuanfeng Zhang
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantaiShandongChina
| | - Joo Song
- Department of PathologyCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - David Horne
- Department of Molecular MedicineCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Wing C. Chan
- Department of PathologyCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Xiaoxia Chu
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantaiShandongChina
| | - Wendong Huang
- Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer Program & Department of Diabetes Complications and MetabolismBeckman Research InstituteCity of HopeDuarteCaliforniaUSA
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4
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Genetic characterization and drug sensitivity study of newly derived HGBL double/triple-hit lymphoma cell lines. Blood Adv 2022; 6:5067-5071. [PMID: 35687491 PMCID: PMC9631616 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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5
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Gordon MJ, Westin JR. Fitting double-hit lymphoma into the aggressive lymphoma spectrum: a square peg in a round hole? Leuk Lymphoma 2022; 63:1034-1044. [PMID: 34842019 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.2008383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
High-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements or both, commonly called double-hit lymphoma (DHL), is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma that is molecularly distinct from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and is associated with poor outcomes. Recent advances in the molecular classification of DLBCL have identified distinct subsets, including genetic signatures which correlate with DHL and survival. DHL with concomitant TP53 mutation appears to be associated with a very poor prognosis. Standard chemo-immunotherapy is not an effective treatment for these patients and personalized, innovative strategies are needed. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the subclassification of DLBCL, with a focus on DHL. We also incorporate early, promising clinical trial data using CAR T and targeted therapies. Rationally designed clinical trials for DLBCL are needed to advance the care of patients with DHL and other adverse risk DLBCL subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max J Gordon
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jason R Westin
- University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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6
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Li X, Su Y, Hege K, Madlambayan G, Edwards H, Knight T, Polin L, Kushner J, Dzinic SH, White K, Yang J, Miller R, Wang G, Zhao L, Wang Y, Lin H, Taub JW, Ge Y. The HDAC and PI3K dual inhibitor CUDC-907 synergistically enhances the antileukemic activity of venetoclax in preclinical models of acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2021; 106:1262-1277. [PMID: 32165486 PMCID: PMC8094102 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.233445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Venetoclax is a promising agent in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, though its antileukemic activity is limited to combination therapies. Mcl-1 downregulation, Bim upregulation, and DNA damage have been identified as potential ways to enhance venetoclax activity. In this study, we combine venetoclax with the dual PI3K and histone deacetylase inhibitor CUDC-907, which can downregulate Mcl-1, upregulate Bim, and induce DNA damage, as well as downregulate c-Myc. We establish that CUDC-907 and venetoclax synergistically induce apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines and primary acute myeloid leukemia patient samples ex vivo. CUDC-907 downregulates CHK1, Wee1, RRM1, and c-Myc, which were found to play a role in venetoclax-induced apoptosis. Interestingly, we found that venetoclax treatment enhances CUDC-907-induced DNA damage potentially through inhibition of DNA repair. In vivo results show that CUDC-907 enhances venetoclax efficacy in an acute myeloid leukemia cell line derived xenograft mouse model, supporting the development of CUDC-907 in combination with venetoclax for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongwei Su
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Katie Hege
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Gerard Madlambayan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Holly Edwards
- Wayne State University, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tristan Knight
- Dept of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Lisa Polin
- Wayne State University, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Juiwanna Kushner
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sijana H Dzinic
- Wayne State University, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kathryn White
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jay Yang
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Regan Miller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Guan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lijing Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Dept. of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Dept. of Hematology and Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jeffrey W Taub
- Dept of Pediatrics, Children Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yubin Ge
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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7
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Yuan D, Li G, Yu L, Jiang Y, Shi Y, Chen Q, Ma X, Pham LV, Young KH, Deng M, Fang Z, Xu B. CS2164 and Venetoclax Show Synergistic Antitumoral Activities in High Grade B-Cell Lymphomas With MYC and BCL2 Rearrangements. Front Oncol 2021; 11:618908. [PMID: 33777762 PMCID: PMC7988232 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.618908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade B-cell lymphoma with concurrent MYC and BCL2 rearrangements (HGBL-DHL) is a rare, aggressive mature B-cell malignancy with a high likelihood of treatment failure following front-line immunochemotherapies. Patients with HGBL-DHL who develop a relapsed or refractory disease have little effective therapeutic strategies and show very poor clinical outcomes, thus calling for development of novel therapies for this specific patient population. In this study, we investigated the preclinical anti-lymphoma efficacies and potential mechanism of action of a novel treatment approach, combining the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax with CS2164, a new orally active multitarget inhibitor, in HGBL-DHL models. This combination therapy exhibited a robust synergistic cytotoxicity against HGBL-DHL cells, evidenced by cooperatively inducing loss of cell viability and promoting cell apoptosis. Moreover, coadministration of CS2164 and venetoclax resulted in significant superior suppression of HGBL-DHL cell growth and remarkably abrogated tumor burden in a HGBL-DHL-xenografted mouse model. The synergistic lethality of CS2164 and venetoclax in HGBL-DHL cells was associated with induction of DNA damage and impairment of DNA repair ability. Of importance, the combined treatment almost abolished the expression of both BCL2 and MYC, two hallmark proteins of HGBL-DHL, and substantially blunted the activity of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade. In addition, MCL1 and BCL-XL, two well-characterized contributors for venetoclax resistance, were significantly lessened in the presence of CS2164 and venetoclax, thus leading to the accumulation of proapoptotic proteins BAX and PUMA and then initiating the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Taken together, these findings suggest that the regimen of CS2164 and venetoclax is highly effective to eliminate HGBL-DHL cells in the preclinical setting, warranting further clinical investigations of this regimen for the treatment of unfavorable HGBL-DHL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delin Yuan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Genhong Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Lian Yu
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Yuelong Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuanfei Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiulin Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Lan V Pham
- Biology, Tumor Dependency, Phamacyclics, Abbvie Company, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ken H Young
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Manman Deng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhihong Fang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
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8
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Tang M, Xie X, Shi M, Xin W, Zheng G, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Lian X. Antileukemic effect of caffeic acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenetyl ester. Evidences for its mechanisms of action. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 80:153383. [PMID: 33091855 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caffeic acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (CADPE) is a natural polyphenolic ester isolated as a minor component from a water extract of the Chinese medicine Zhongjiefeng [Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai (Chloranthaceae)] and has previously shown to have activity against solid tumors through the modulation of multiple targets or signal pathways. However, the activity and potential mechanism of CADPE against leukemia cells have not yet been characterized. PURPOSE To investigate whether and how CADPE kills leukemia cells. METHOD (1) The activity of CADPE inhibiting the growth of different leukemia cell lines was evaluated by MTT assay; (2) Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by CADPE were determined by flow cytometry with FlowJo software for quantification; (3) The protein levels were analyzed by Western blot and ubiquitin-binding c-Myc was acquired by co-immunoprecipitation. RESULTS CADPE exerted potent activity against different leukemia cell lines with low toxicity in normal cells. In terms of mechanism of action, CADPE promoted ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of c-Myc through activating glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) and downregulating deubiquitinating enzyme USP28 to trigger the interaction of c-Myc with ubiquitin ligase Fbw7, resulting in the downregulation of cell cycle regulators and anti-apoptotic proteins and consequently, cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION CADPE is a novel c-Myc inhibitor with high activity and a unique mechanism for killing leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Zhejiang Center for Medical Device Evaluation, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Muran Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenxiu Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Guowan Zheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhizhen Zhang
- Ocean College, Zhoushan Campus, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Lian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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9
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Kim YR, Yoon SO, Kim SJ, Cheong JW, Chung H, Lee JY, Jang JE, Kim Y, Yang WI, Min YH, Kim JS. Upfront autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for high-risk patients with double-expressor diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2020; 99:2149-2157. [PMID: 32390113 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although MYC and BCL2 co-expression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is associated with inferior prognosis, it remains uncertain whether upfront autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is beneficial in this lymphoma. This study aimed to investigate whether ASCT consolidation could have a positive role for patients with MYC and BCL2 co-expression (double-expressor lymphoma, DEL). We retrospectively evaluated 67 DLBCL patients who underwent upfront ASCT following rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 82.3% and 79.2%, respectively. There were 23 (34.3%) patients with DEL and 51 (76.1%) patients with non-germinal center B cell (GCB) subtype. The 5-year OS and PFS of patients with DEL were not different from those with non-DEL (P = 0.429 and P = 0.614, respectively). No survival difference for OS and PFS was also observed between GCB and non-GCB subtypes (P = 0.950 and P = 0.901, respectively). The OS and PFS were comparable for patients with DEL and non-DEL and both GCB and non-GCB subtypes. In conclusion, MYC and BCL2 co-expression did not have a poor prognostic impact among high-risk patients with DLBCL treated with upfront ASCT regardless of molecular classification. This preliminary study suggested that the role of consolidative ASCT is needed to be evaluated in a prospective randomized clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ri Kim
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Och Yoon
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Kim
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - June-Won Cheong
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Haerim Chung
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Lee
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Jang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Yundeok Kim
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Ick Yang
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo Hong Min
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
| | - Jin Seok Kim
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea.
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10
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Bisso A, Sabò A, Amati B. MYC in Germinal Center-derived lymphomas: Mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Immunol Rev 2019; 288:178-197. [PMID: 30874346 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The rearrangement of immunoglobulin loci during the germinal center reaction is associated with an increased risk of chromosomal translocations that activate oncogenes such as MYC, BCL2 or BCL6, thus contributing to the development of B-cell lymphomas. MYC and BCL2 activation are initiating events in Burkitt's (BL) and Follicular Lymphoma (FL), respectively, but can occur at later stages in other subtypes such as Diffuse Large-B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). MYC can also be activated during the progression of FL to the transformed stage. Thus, either DLBCL or FL can give rise to aggressive double-hit lymphomas (DHL) with concurrent activation of MYC and BCL2. Research over the last three decades has improved our understanding of the functions of these oncogenes and the basis for their cooperative action in lymphomagenesis. MYC, in particular, is a transcription factor that contributes to cell activation, growth and proliferation, while concomitantly sensitizing cells to apoptosis, the latter being blocked by BCL2. Here, we review our current knowledge about the role of MYC in germinal center B-cells and lymphomas, discuss MYC-induced dependencies that can sensitize cancer cells to select pharmacological inhibitors, and illustrate their therapeutic potential in aggressive lymphomas-and in particular in DHL, in combination with BCL2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bisso
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Sabò
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Amati
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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11
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Li LR, Wang L, He YZ, Young KH. Current perspectives on the treatment of double hit lymphoma. Expert Rev Hematol 2019; 12:507-514. [PMID: 31117849 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2019.1623020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Double hit lymphoma (DHL) represents a new diagnostic category with genetic, immunohistochemical and clinical characteristics intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma. Patients with DHL usually experience poor survival after frontline R-CHOP treatment and require alternative therapies. However, the ideal therapeutic options remain undefined. Areas covered: Traditional therapies for the treatment of DHL are discussed, including intensive induction, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), methotrexate CNS-directed prophylaxis, and radiation therapy. The authors further introduce small-molecule inhibitors targeting myc or bcl-2 signaling pathways, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, programmed death-1 monoclonal antibody and immunomodulatory drugs as novel approaches. Expert opinion: No standard treatment exists for DHL. At present, DA-EPOCH-R exhibits an upfront induction option. Central nervous system prophylaxis with methotrexate is recommended as part of the induction therapy. For those who do not obtain complete remission, HSCT or clinical trials should be considered. Targeted approaches, especially chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies and small-molecule inhibitors targeting myc or bcl-2, exhibit the potential of improving outcomes for patients with DHL. High-throughput sequencing is a promising technique both at diagnosis and relapse, in order to predict outcomes and potential novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Rong Li
- a Second Clinical Medical College , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Liang Wang
- b Department of Hematology , Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Ying-Zhi He
- b Department of Hematology , Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Ken H Young
- c Department of Hematopathology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
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12
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Uchida A, Isobe Y, Asano J, Uemura Y, Hoshikawa M, Takagi M, Miura I. Targeting BCL2 with venetoclax is a promising therapeutic strategy for "double-proteinexpression" lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements. Haematologica 2018; 104:1417-1421. [PMID: 30523053 PMCID: PMC6601100 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.204958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The so-called “double-hit” and “double-protein-expression” lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements is a rare, mature B-cell neoplasm characterized by a germinal center B-cell phenotype, abundant protein expression of MYC and BCL2, rapid disease progression, and a poor prognosis. In this study, we showed the potential benefit of the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax in the treatment of this disease. Immunohistochemical studies of the lymphoma tissues confirmed that overexpression of MYC and BCL2 was observed more frequently in this subtype than in other germinal center B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. In contrast, another pro-survival protein MCL1 was less expressed in this subtype, even when compared with its expression in the non-“double-hit” and “double-protein-expression” type. Furthermore, in vitro studies using two “double-hit” and “double-protein-expression” lymphoma-derived cell lines, Karpas231 and OCI-Ly8, clearly showed that a low concentration of venetoclax, but not the MCL1 inhibitor S63845, was sufficient to induce apoptosis in the two lines, compared with in other germinal center B-cell-derived cell lines, BJAB and SU-DHL10. These results indicate that the survival of this type of lymphoma depends predominantly on BCL2 rather than on MCL1. Unexpectedly, we found that venetoclax not only disrupts the interaction between BCL2 and the pro-apoptotic protein BIM, but also leads to dephosphorylation of BCL2 and further downregulates MCL1 protein expression, probably through modulation of the protein phosphatase 2A B56α activity in Karpas231 and OCI-Ly8. Indeed, a low concentration of venetoclax induced substantial apoptosis in the primary lymphoma cells, regardless of high protein expression of MCL1 associated with venetoclax resistance. Venetoclax clearly triggers the signal transduction related to BCL2 and MCL1 in “double-hit” and “double-protein-expression” lymphoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Uchida
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa
| | - Yasushi Isobe
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa
| | - Junko Asano
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa
| | - Yu Uemura
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa
| | - Masahiro Hoshikawa
- Department of Pathology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takagi
- Department of Pathology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ikuo Miura
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa
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13
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Wang E, Sorolla A, Cunningham PT, Bogdawa HM, Beck S, Golden E, Dewhurst RE, Florez L, Cruickshank MN, Hoffmann K, Hopkins RM, Kim J, Woo AJ, Watt PM, Blancafort P. Tumor penetrating peptides inhibiting MYC as a potent targeted therapeutic strategy for triple-negative breast cancers. Oncogene 2018; 38:140-150. [PMID: 30076412 PMCID: PMC6318000 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of MYC oncogene is highly prevalent in many malignancies such as aggressive triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) and it is associated with very poor outcome. Despite decades of research, attempts to effectively inhibit MYC, particularly with small molecules, still remain challenging due to the featureless nature of its protein structure. Herein, we describe the engineering of the dominant-negative MYC peptide (OmoMYC) linked to a functional penetrating 'Phylomer' peptide (FPPa) as a therapeutic strategy to inhibit MYC in TNBC. We found FPPa-OmoMYC to be a potent inducer of apoptosis (with IC50 from 1-2 µM) in TNBC cells with negligible effects in non-tumorigenic cells. Transcriptome analysis of FPPa-OmoMYC-treated cells indicated that the fusion protein inhibited MYC-dependent networks, inducing dynamic changes in transcriptional, metabolic, and apoptotic processes. We demonstrated the efficacy of FPPa-OmoMYC in inhibiting breast cancer growth when injected orthotopically in TNBC allografts. Lastly, we identified strong pharmacological synergisms between FPPa-OmoMYC and chemotherapeutic agents. This study highlights a novel therapeutic approach to target highly aggressive and chemoresistant MYC-activated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edina Wang
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Anabel Sorolla
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Paula T Cunningham
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Heique M Bogdawa
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Samuel Beck
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.,MDI Biological Laboratory, Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Salisbury Cove, ME, 04672, USA
| | - Emily Golden
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Robert E Dewhurst
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Laura Florez
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Mark N Cruickshank
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - Katrin Hoffmann
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia
| | | | - Jonghwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Andrew J Woo
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Paul M Watt
- Phylogica Pty Ltd, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia. .,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia.
| | - Pilar Blancafort
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia. .,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
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14
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Eldessouki T, Hanley K, Hamadeh F, Oshilaja OO, Sturgis CD. "Triple hit" lymphomas: A retrospective cytology case series of an uncommon high grade B-cell malignancy with C-MYC, BCL-2 and BCL-6 rearrangements. Diagn Cytopathol 2018; 46:807-811. [PMID: 30043475 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Revised fourth Edition World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues suggests novel categories, including "high grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and BCL6 gene rearrangements." These diseases are known colloquially as "double hit" and "triple hit" lymphomas. The "first-hit" in these cases is the harboring of a MYC rearrangement. Concurrent derangements of BCL2 and BCL6 can be the "second-hit" or "third-hit." To our knowledge, this is the first report of "triple-hit" lymphomas in cytology specimens. The files of the Cleveland Clinic (January 2007 through December 2017) were searched for all "triple hit" lymphomas. Four cases met inclusion criteria (cytology slides in files and histologically confirmed "triple hit" lymphoma). All slides were reviewed. The mean age was 65 years, with a male predominance. All patients presented at advanced stage and showed progressive disease despite therapy. FISH studies (histologic sections) confirmed translocations of MYC (8q24), BCL2 (18q21) and BCL6 (3q27) in all patients. All cases were characterized by high cellularity, dispersed cells, presence of stripped nuclei, lymphoglandular bodies, apoptotic bodies, cytomegaly, nucleomegaly, nuclear envelope irregularities, macronucleoli (most often single), recognizable mitoses and presence of cytoplasmic vacuoles (variable). The WHO recommends that all large B-cell lymphomas be investigated using cytogenetic or molecular techniques. Concurrent inhibition of MYC and BCL2 is a potentially effective treatment strategy for triple hit lymphomas, and an expanding literature exists regarding predictive biomarkers and therapeutic regimens. It is our intention to raise awareness of this uncommon mature B-cell neoplasm within the cytodiagnostic community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Eldessouki
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kelly Hanley
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Fatima Hamadeh
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Olaronke O Oshilaja
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Charles D Sturgis
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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15
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Takimoto-Shimomura T, Tsukamoto T, Maegawa S, Fujibayashi Y, Matsumura-Kimoto Y, Mizuno Y, Chinen Y, Shimura Y, Mizutani S, Horiike S, Taniwaki M, Kobayashi T, Kuroda J. Dual targeting of bromodomain-containing 4 by AZD5153 and BCL2 by AZD4320 against B-cell lymphomas concomitantly overexpressing c-MYC and BCL2. Invest New Drugs 2018; 37:210-222. [PMID: 29931583 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recent therapeutic progress, the prognoses of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) that concomitantly overexpress c-MYC and BCL2, i.e., double hit lymphoma (DHL) and double expressing lymphoma (DEL), remain poor. This study examined triple targeting of c-MYC, BCL2 and the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway for DHL and DEL. We first used AZD5153, a novel bivalent inhibitor for bromodomain-containing 4 (BRD4), in DHL- and DEL-derived cell lines, because BRD4 regulates disease type-oriented key molecules for oncogenesis. AZD5153 was more effective than conventional monovalent BRD4 inhibitors, JQ1 and I-BET151, in inhibiting cell proliferation of a DHL-derived cell line and two DEL-derived cell lines, with at least 10-fold lower half growth inhibitory concentrations. AZD5153 caused G1/S cell cycle blockade, while the apoptosis-inducing effect was relatively modest. At the molecular level, AZD5153 was potent in downregulating various molecules for oncogenesis, such as c-MYC, AKT2 and MAP3K; those involved in the BCR signaling pathway, such as CD19, BLNK and CD79B; and those associated with B-cell development, such as IKZF1, IKZF3, PAX5, POU2AF1 and EBF1. In contrast, AZD5153 did not decrease anti-apoptotic BCL2 proteins, and did not activate pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins, except BAD. To augment cell death induction, we added a novel BH3-mimicking BCL2 inhibitor AZD4320 to AZD5153, and found that these two agents had a mostly synergistic antitumor effect by increasing cells undergoing apoptosis in all three cell lines. These results provide a rationale for dual targeting of BRD4 and BCL2 using AZD5153 and AZD4320 as a therapeutic strategy against DHL and DEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Takimoto-Shimomura
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Taku Tsukamoto
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Saori Maegawa
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yuto Fujibayashi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yayoi Matsumura-Kimoto
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Mizuno
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Chinen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yuji Shimura
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shigeo Horiike
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Masafumi Taniwaki
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kobayashi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Junya Kuroda
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
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16
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Schick M, Habringer S, Nilsson JA, Keller U. Pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting of aberrant MYC expression in haematological cancers. Br J Haematol 2017; 179:724-738. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schick
- Internal Medicine III; School of Medicine; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - Stefan Habringer
- Internal Medicine III; School of Medicine; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - Jonas A. Nilsson
- Department of Surgery; Sahlgrenska Cancer Center; Gothenburg University; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Ulrich Keller
- Internal Medicine III; School of Medicine; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK); German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
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17
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Leverson JD, Sampath D, Souers AJ, Rosenberg SH, Fairbrother WJ, Amiot M, Konopleva M, Letai A. Found in Translation: How Preclinical Research Is Guiding the Clinical Development of the BCL2-Selective Inhibitor Venetoclax. Cancer Discov 2017; 7:1376-1393. [PMID: 29146569 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of apoptosis as a form of programmed cell death, targeting the apoptosis pathway to induce cancer cell death has been a high-priority goal for cancer therapy. After decades of effort, drug-discovery scientists have succeeded in generating small-molecule inhibitors of antiapoptotic BCL2 family proteins. Innovative medicinal chemistry and structure-based drug design, coupled with a strong fundamental understanding of BCL2 biology, were essential to the development of BH3 mimetics such as the BCL2-selective inhibitor venetoclax. We review a number of preclinical studies that have deepened our understanding of BCL2 biology and facilitated the clinical development of venetoclax.Significance: Basic research into the pathways governing programmed cell death have paved the way for the discovery of apoptosis-inducing agents such as venetoclax, a BCL2-selective inhibitor that was recently approved by the FDA and the European Medicines Agency. Preclinical studies aimed at identifying BCL2-dependent tumor types have translated well into the clinic thus far and will likely continue to inform the clinical development of venetoclax and other BCL2 family inhibitors. Cancer Discov; 7(12); 1376-93. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Martine Amiot
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Marina Konopleva
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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18
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Uchida A, Isobe Y, Uemura Y, Nishio Y, Sakai H, Kato M, Otsubo K, Hoshikawa M, Takagi M, Miura I. De novo acute lymphoblastic leukemia-like disease of high grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements: a case report and literature review. BMC Clin Pathol 2017; 17:21. [PMID: 29151814 PMCID: PMC5679186 DOI: 10.1186/s12907-017-0060-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background B-cell lymphomas harboring the 8q24/MYC plus 18q21/BCL2 translocations are now referred to as high grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements (HGBL-MBR). Although HGBL-MBR is frequently found in cases with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or Burkitt lymphoma-like B-cell lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)-like disease of HGBL-MBR (AL-HGBL-MBR) has been reported incidentally. Case presentation A 69-year-old Japanese woman developed remittent fever and increasing systemic bone pain. The bone marrow examination revealed that more than 90% of nuclear cells were blastoid cells, which were positive for CD10, CD19, CD20, and surface IgMκ and negative for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT). Cytogenetic studies confirmed that the patient had de novo AL-HGBL-MBR with the extra copies of MYC and loss of chromosome 17p. She showed resistance to chemoimmunotherapy and died seven months after the diagnosis. The literature review identified further 47 de novo AL-HGBL-MBR cases within the last 32 years. The median age was 61 years (range, 27 − 86); the male/female ratio was 2.0. Thirty-eight cases (79%) presented a clinical picture of ALL at diagnosis; 14 (36%) of 39 available cases showed central nervous system involvement. Loss of 17p and translocations at 2p12–13, 3q27, 9p13 were frequently observed as additional cytogenetic abnormalities. Although the median survival of 46 available cases was only five months (range, 0.1–18), rituximab use significantly improved the survival of AL-HGBL-MBR (log-rank test, P = 0.0294). Conclusion Our patient and most reported de novo AL-HGBL-MBR cases showed resistance to conventional chemoimmunotherapy and disastrous consequences. AL-HGBL-MBL is a rare, but should be considered a distinct clinical condition in HGBL-MBR. Other therapeutic strategies, such as using inhibitors of MYC and BCL2, are needed to overcome the chemoresistance of AL-HGBL-MBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Uchida
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511 Japan
| | - Yasushi Isobe
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511 Japan
| | - Yu Uemura
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511 Japan
| | - Yuji Nishio
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511 Japan
| | - Hirotaka Sakai
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511 Japan
| | - Masayuki Kato
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511 Japan
| | - Kaori Otsubo
- Department of cytogenetics, SRL Diagnostics, Hachioji Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoshikawa
- Department of Pathology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takagi
- Department of Pathology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Ikuo Miura
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511 Japan
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19
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Deb D, Rajaram S, Larsen JE, Dospoy PD, Marullo R, Li LS, Avila K, Xue F, Cerchietti L, Minna JD, Altschuler SJ, Wu LF. Combination Therapy Targeting BCL6 and Phospho-STAT3 Defeats Intratumor Heterogeneity in a Subset of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers. Cancer Res 2017; 77:3070-3081. [PMID: 28377453 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-3052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oncogene-specific changes in cellular signaling have been widely observed in lung cancer. Here, we investigated how these alterations could affect signaling heterogeneity and suggest novel therapeutic strategies. We compared signaling changes across six human bronchial epithelial cell (HBEC) strains that were systematically transformed with various combinations of TP53, KRAS, and MYC-oncogenic alterations commonly found in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We interrogated at single-cell resolution how these alterations could affect classic readouts (β-CATENIN, SMAD2/3, phospho-STAT3, P65, FOXO1, and phospho-ERK1/2) of key pathways commonly affected in NSCLC. All three oncogenic alterations were required concurrently to observe significant signaling changes, and significant heterogeneity arose in this condition. Unexpectedly, we found two mutually exclusive altered subpopulations: one with STAT3 upregulation and another with SMAD2/3 downregulation. Treatment with a STAT3 inhibitor eliminated the upregulated STAT3 subpopulation, but left a large surviving subpopulation with downregulated SMAD2/3. A bioinformatics search identified BCL6, a gene downstream of SMAD2/3, as a novel pharmacologically accessible target of our transformed HBECs. Combination treatment with STAT3 and BCL6 inhibitors across a panel of NSCLC cell lines and in xenografted tumors significantly reduced tumor cell growth. We conclude that BCL6 is a new therapeutic target in NSCLC and combination therapy that targets multiple vulnerabilities (STAT3 and BCL6) downstream of common oncogenes, and tumor suppressors may provide a potent way to defeat intratumor heterogeneity. Cancer Res; 77(11); 3070-81. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruba Deb
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Satwik Rajaram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jill E Larsen
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Patrick D Dospoy
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Rossella Marullo
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Long Shan Li
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Kimberley Avila
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Fengtian Xue
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Anesthesiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Leandro Cerchietti
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas. .,Departments of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Steven J Altschuler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
| | - Lani F Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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20
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Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) comprises a heterogeneous group with pathophysiological, genetic and clinical features. Many patients can be cured with R-CHOP therapy, which is the current standard regimen. Despite recent progress in improving patient survival, the 40% survival of DLBCL patients remains poor. Therefore, the most important issue for patients with DLBCL remains the development of a new front-line therapy. Several studies have reported that intensified chemotherapy with dose-adjusted EPOCH-R or R-ACVBP was superior to R-CHOP. Gene expression profiling has identified two distinct forms of DLBCL: activated B cell-like (ABC) and germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) types. ABC DLBCL exhibits a worse prognosis than GCB DLBCL by molecular diagnosis after R-CHOP therapy. Next-generation sequencing has identified unique oncogenic mechanisms and genetic complexity, which has provided rational therapeutic targets. There are also a number of biomarkers, including CD5, and prognostic factors. Efforts to distinguish many biomarkers will be crucial for individualized treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Miyazaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine
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21
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Targeting BET proteins improves the therapeutic efficacy of BCL-2 inhibition in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2017; 31:2037-2047. [PMID: 28074072 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) has recently emerged as a promising new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of a variety of human cancers, including leukemia. Here, we used T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) as a model system to identify novel synergistic drug combinations with the BH3 mimetic venetoclax (ABT-199). In vitro drug screening in primary leukemia specimens that were derived from patients with high risk of relapse or relapse and cell lines revealed synergistic activity between venetoclax and the BET (bromodomain and extraterminal) bromodomain inhibitor JQ1. Notably, this drug synergism was confirmed in vivo using T-ALL cell line and patient-derived xenograft models. Moreover, the therapeutic benefit of this drug combination might, at least in part, be mediated by an acute induction of the pro-apoptotic factor BCL2L11 and concomitant reduction of BCL-2 upon BET bromodomain inhibition, ultimately resulting in an enhanced binding of BIM (encoded by BCL2L11) to BCL-2. Altogether, our work provides a rationale to develop a new type of targeted combination therapy for selected subgroups of high-risk leukemia patients.
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22
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Marullo R, Rutherford SC, Leonard JP, Cerchietti L. Therapeutic implication of concomitant chromosomal aberrations in patients with aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2241-7. [PMID: 27419806 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1207839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) harbors concomitant rearrangements of MYC, BCL2 and BCL6 and is characterized by clinical aggressiveness and intrinsic refractoriness to standard chemo-immunotherapy. Commonly identified as "double or triple hit" lymphomas, these diseases represent a therapeutic challenge to chemotherapy-based regimens and likely require a more targeted approach. Herein we summarize the unique biological behavior of double and triple hit lymphomas focusing on the coordinated network of pathways that enable cancer cells to tolerate the oncogenic stress imposed by the co-expression of MYC, BCL2 and BCL6. We discuss how these enabling pathways contribute to the chemo-refractoriness of these tumors. We propose to exploit lymphoma cells' addiction to these oncogenic networks to design combinatorial treatments for this aggressive disease based on the modulation of epigenetically-silenced pathways and decreasing expression and activity of these oncogenic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Marullo
- a Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York , NY , USA
| | - Sarah C Rutherford
- a Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York , NY , USA
| | - John P Leonard
- a Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York , NY , USA
| | - Leandro Cerchietti
- a Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York , NY , USA
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23
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Jung JH, Kim MJ, Lee H, Lee J, Kim J, Lee HJ, Shin EA, Kim YH, Kim B, Shim BS, Kim SH. Farnesiferol c induces apoptosis via regulation of L11 and c-Myc with combinational potential with anticancer drugs in non-small-cell lung cancers. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26844. [PMID: 27231235 PMCID: PMC4882547 DOI: 10.1038/srep26844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Though Farnesiferol c (FC) has been reported to have anti-angiogenic and antitumor activity, the underlying antitumor mechanism of FC still remains unclear. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the apoptotic mechanism of FC in human H1299 and H596 non-small lung cancer cells (NSCLCs). FC significantly showed cytotoxicity, increased sub-G1 accumulation, and attenuated the expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Survivin and procaspase 3 in H1299 and H596 cells. Furthermore, FC effectively suppressed the mRNA expression of G1 arrest related genes such as Cyclin D1, E2F1 transcription factor and CDC25A by RT-PCR. Interestingly, FC inhibited the expression of c-Myc, ribosomal protein L11 (L11) and nucleolin (NCL) in H1299 and H596 cells. Of note, silencing of L11 by siRNA transfection enhanced the expression of c-Myc through a negative feedback mechanism, while c-Myc knockdown downregulated L11 in H1299 cells. Additionally, combined treatment of FC and puromycin/doxorubicin promoted the activation of caspase 9/3, and attenuated the expression of c-Myc, Cyclin D1 and CDK4 in H1299 cells compared to single treatment. Taken together, our findings suggest that FC induces apoptosis and G1 arrest via regulation of ribosomal protein L11 and c-Myc and also enhances antitumor effect of puromycin or doxorubicin in NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moon Joon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyemin Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaekwang Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Ah Shin
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Hyeon Kim
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bum Sang Shim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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24
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Sarkozy C, Traverse-Glehen A, Coiffier B. Double-hit and double-protein-expression lymphomas: aggressive and refractory lymphomas. Lancet Oncol 2015; 16:e555-e567. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(15)00005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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