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Derkachev IA, Popov SV, Maslov LN, Mukhomedzyanov AV, Naryzhnaya NV, Gorbunov AS, Kan A, Krylatov AV, Podoksenov YK, Stepanov IV, Gusakova SV, Fu F, Pei JM. Angiotensin 1-7 increases cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion and mitigates adverse remodeling of the heart-The signaling mechanism. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2024; 38:489-501. [PMID: 38311344 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high mortality rate of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains the most pressing issue of modern cardiology. Over the past 10 years, there has been no significant reduction in mortality among patients with AMI. It is quite obvious that there is an urgent need to develop fundamentally new drugs for the treatment of AMI. Angiotensin 1-7 has some promise in this regard. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is analysis of published data on the cardioprotective properties of angiotensin 1-7. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were used to search articles for this study. RESULTS Angiotensin 1-7 increases cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion and mitigates adverse remodeling of the heart. Angiotensin 1-7 can prevent not only ischemic but also reperfusion cardiac injury. The activation of the Mas receptor plays a key role in these effects of angiotensin 1-7. Angiotensin 1-7 alleviates Ca2+ overload of cardiomyocytes and reactive oxygen species production in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of the myocardium. It is possible that both effects are involved in angiotensin 1-7-triggered cardiac tolerance to I/R. Furthermore, angiotensin 1-7 inhibits apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and stimulates autophagy of cells. There is also indirect evidence suggesting that angiotensin 1-7 inhibits ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, angiotensin 1-7 possesses anti-inflammatory properties, possibly achieved through NF-kB activity inhibition. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, Akt, and NO synthase are involved in the infarct-reducing effect of angiotensin 1-7. However, the specific end-effector of the cardioprotective impact of angiotensin 1-7 remains unknown. CONCLUSION The molecular nature of the end-effector of the infarct-limiting effect of angiotensin 1-7 has not been elucidated. Perhaps, this end-effector is the sarcolemmal KATP channel or the mitochondrial KATP channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan A Derkachev
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey V Popov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Leonid N Maslov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Natalia V Naryzhnaya
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexander S Gorbunov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Artur Kan
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Andrey V Krylatov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yuri K Podoksenov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ivan V Stepanov
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Gusakova
- Department of Biophysics and Functional Diagnostics, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Feng Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian-Ming Pei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Ávila-Martínez DV, Mixtega-Ruiz WK, Hurtado-Capetillo JM, Lopez-Franco O, Flores-Muñoz M. Counter-regulatory RAS peptides: new therapy targets for inflammation and fibrotic diseases? Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1377113. [PMID: 38666016 PMCID: PMC11044688 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1377113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an important cascade of enzymes and peptides that regulates blood pressure, volume, and electrolytes. Within this complex system of reactions, its counter-regulatory axis has attracted attention, which has been associated with the pathophysiology of inflammatory and fibrotic diseases. This review article analyzes the impact of different components of the counter-regulatory axis of the RAS on different pathologies. Of these peptides, Angiotensin-(1-7), angiotensin-(1-9) and alamandine have been evaluated in a wide variety of in vitro and in vivo studies, where not only they counteract the actions of the classical axis, but also exhibit independent anti-inflammatory and fibrotic actions when binding to specific receptors, mainly in heart, kidney, and lung. Other functional peptides are also addressed, which despite no reports associated with inflammation and fibrosis to date were found, they could represent a potential target of study. Furthermore, the association of agonists of the counter-regulatory axis is analyzed, highlighting their contribution to the modulation of the inflammatory response counteracting the development of fibrotic events. This article shows an overview of the importance of the RAS in the resolution of inflammatory and fibrotic diseases, offering an understanding of the individual components as potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana V Ávila-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Wendy K Mixtega-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | | | - Oscar Lopez-Franco
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Mónica Flores-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
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3
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Gamiño-Gutiérrez JA, Terán-Hernández IM, Castellar-Lopez J, Villamizar-Villamizar W, Osorio-Llanes E, Palacios-Cruz M, Rosales W, Chang AY, Díaz-Ariza LA, Ospino MC, Mendoza-Torres E. Novel Insights into the Cardioprotective Effects of the Peptides of the Counter-Regulatory Renin-Angiotensin System. Biomedicines 2024; 12:255. [PMID: 38397857 PMCID: PMC10887066 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, cardiovascular diseases are a major contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide, having a significant negative impact on both the economy and public health. The renin-angiotensin system contributes to a high spectrum of cardiovascular disorders and is essential for maintaining normal cardiovascular homeostasis. Overactivation of the classical renin-angiotensin system is one of the most important pathophysiological mechanisms in the progression of cardiovascular diseases. The counter-regulatory renin-angiotensin system is an alternate pathway which favors the synthesis of different peptides, including Angiotensin-(1-7), Angiotensin-(1-9), and Alamandine. These peptides, via the angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R), MasR, and MrgD, initiate multiple downstream signaling pathways that culminate in the activation of various cardioprotective mechanisms, such as decreased cardiac fibrosis, decreased myocardial hypertrophy, vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, natriuresis, and nitric oxide synthesis. These cardioprotective effects position them as therapeutic alternatives for reducing the progression of cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to show the latest findings on the cardioprotective effects of the main peptides of the counter-regulatory renin-angiotensin system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivana María Terán-Hernández
- Grupo de Investigación Avanzada en Biomedicina, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla, Barranquilla 081001, Colombia; (I.M.T.-H.); (W.V.-V.); (L.A.D.-A.); (M.C.O.)
| | - Jairo Castellar-Lopez
- Grupo de Investigación Avanzada en Biomedicina, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla, Barranquilla 081001, Colombia; (J.C.-L.); (E.O.-L.); (W.R.)
| | - Wendy Villamizar-Villamizar
- Grupo de Investigación Avanzada en Biomedicina, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla, Barranquilla 081001, Colombia; (I.M.T.-H.); (W.V.-V.); (L.A.D.-A.); (M.C.O.)
| | - Estefanie Osorio-Llanes
- Grupo de Investigación Avanzada en Biomedicina, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla, Barranquilla 081001, Colombia; (J.C.-L.); (E.O.-L.); (W.R.)
| | | | - Wendy Rosales
- Grupo de Investigación Avanzada en Biomedicina, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla, Barranquilla 081001, Colombia; (J.C.-L.); (E.O.-L.); (W.R.)
| | - Aileen Y. Chang
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Luis Antonio Díaz-Ariza
- Grupo de Investigación Avanzada en Biomedicina, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla, Barranquilla 081001, Colombia; (I.M.T.-H.); (W.V.-V.); (L.A.D.-A.); (M.C.O.)
| | - María Clara Ospino
- Grupo de Investigación Avanzada en Biomedicina, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla, Barranquilla 081001, Colombia; (I.M.T.-H.); (W.V.-V.); (L.A.D.-A.); (M.C.O.)
| | - Evelyn Mendoza-Torres
- Grupo de Investigación Avanzada en Biomedicina, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla, Barranquilla 081001, Colombia; (I.M.T.-H.); (W.V.-V.); (L.A.D.-A.); (M.C.O.)
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Deng Y, Ding W, Peng Q, Wang W, Duan R, Zhang Y. Advancement in Beneficial Effects of AVE 0991: A Brief Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:139-158. [PMID: 36998128 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230328134932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
AVE 0991, a non-peptide analogue of Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], is orally active and physiologically well tolerated. Several studies have demonstrated that AVE 0991 improves glucose and lipid metabolism, and contains anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrosis, and anti-oxidant effects. Numerous preclinical studies have also reported that AVE 0991 appears to have beneficial effects on a variety of systemic diseases, including cardiovascular, liver, kidney, cancer, diabetes, and nervous system diseases. This study searched multiple literature databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and the ClinicalTrials.gov website from the establishment to October 2022, using AVE 0991 as a keyword. This literature search revealed that AVE 0991 could play different roles via various signaling pathways. However, the potential mechanisms of these effects need further elucidation. This review summarizes the benefits of AVE 0991 in several medical problems, including the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper also describes the underlying mechanisms of AVE 0991, giving in-depth insights and perspectives on the pharmaceutical value of AVE 0991 in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Deng
- School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wangli Ding
- School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Rui Duan
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yingdong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
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5
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Trueblood CT, Singh A, Cusimano MA, Hou S. Autonomic Dysreflexia in Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanisms and Prospective Therapeutic Targets. Neuroscientist 2023:10738584231217455. [PMID: 38084412 PMCID: PMC11166887 DOI: 10.1177/10738584231217455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
High-level spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in cardiovascular dysfunction, especially the development of autonomic dysreflexia. This disorder, characterized as an episode of hypertension accompanied by bradycardia in response to visceral or somatic stimuli, causes substantial discomfort and potentially life-threatening symptoms. The neural mechanisms underlying this dysautonomia include a loss of supraspinal control to spinal sympathetic neurons, maladaptive plasticity of sensory inputs and propriospinal interneurons, and excessive discharge of sympathetic preganglionic neurons. While neural control of cardiovascular function is largely disrupted after SCI, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which mediates blood pressure through hormonal mechanisms, is up-regulated after injury. Whether the RAS engages in autonomic dysreflexia, however, is still controversial. Regarding therapeutics, transplantation of embryonic presympathetic neurons, collected from the brainstem or more specific raphe regions, into the injured spinal cord may reestablish supraspinal regulation of sympathetic activity for cardiovascular improvement. This treatment reduces the occurrence of spontaneous autonomic dysreflexia and the severity of artificially triggered dysreflexic responses in rodent SCI models. Though transplanting early-stage neurons improves neural regulation of blood pressure, hormonal regulation remains high and baroreflex dysfunction persists. Therefore, cell transplantation combined with selected RAS inhibition may enhance neuroendocrine homeostasis for cardiovascular recovery after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron T. Trueblood
- Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anurag Singh
- Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marissa A. Cusimano
- Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shaoping Hou
- Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Ma J, Li Y, Yang X, Liu K, Zhang X, Zuo X, Ye R, Wang Z, Shi R, Meng Q, Chen X. Signaling pathways in vascular function and hypertension: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:168. [PMID: 37080965 PMCID: PMC10119183 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a global public health issue and the leading cause of premature death in humans. Despite more than a century of research, hypertension remains difficult to cure due to its complex mechanisms involving multiple interactive factors and our limited understanding of it. Hypertension is a condition that is named after its clinical features. Vascular function is a factor that affects blood pressure directly, and it is a main strategy for clinically controlling BP to regulate constriction/relaxation function of blood vessels. Vascular elasticity, caliber, and reactivity are all characteristic indicators reflecting vascular function. Blood vessels are composed of three distinct layers, out of which the endothelial cells in intima and the smooth muscle cells in media are the main performers of vascular function. The alterations in signaling pathways in these cells are the key molecular mechanisms underlying vascular dysfunction and hypertension development. In this manuscript, we will comprehensively review the signaling pathways involved in vascular function regulation and hypertension progression, including calcium pathway, NO-NOsGC-cGMP pathway, various vascular remodeling pathways and some important upstream pathways such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, oxidative stress-related signaling pathway, immunity/inflammation pathway, etc. Meanwhile, we will also summarize the treatment methods of hypertension that targets vascular function regulation and discuss the possibility of these signaling pathways being applied to clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghao Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Runyu Ye
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Rufeng Shi
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Tanrıverdi LH, Özhan O, Ulu A, Yıldız A, Ateş B, Vardı N, Acet HA, Parlakpinar H. Activation of the Mas receptors by AVE0991 and MrgD receptor using alamandine to limit the deleterious effects of Ang II-induced hypertension. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:60-74. [PMID: 36117326 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The MrgD receptor agonist, alamandine (ALA) and Mas receptor agonist, AVE0991 have recently been identified as protective components of the renin-angiotensin system. We evaluated the effects of ALA and AVE0991 on cardiovascular function and remodeling in angiotensin (Ang) II-induced hypertension in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were subject to 4-week subcutaneous infusions of Ang II (80 ng/kg/min) or saline after which they were treated with ALA (50 μg/kg), AVE0991 (576 μg/kg), or ALA+AVE0991 during the last 2 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) values were recorded with tail-cuff plethysmography at 1, 15, and 29 days post-treatment. After euthanization, the heart and thoracic aorta were removed for further analysis and vascular responses. SBP significantly increased in the Ang II group when compared to the control group. Furthermore, Ang II also caused an increase in cardiac and aortic cyclophilin-A (CYP-A), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and cardiomyocyte degeneration but produced a decrease in vascular relaxation. HR, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, NADPH oxidase-4, and lysyl oxidase levels were comparable among groups. ALA, AVE0991, and the drug combination produced antihypertensive effects and alleviated vascular responses. The inflammatory and oxidative stress related to cardiac MCP-1 and CYP-A levels decreased in the Ang II+ALA+AVE0991 group. Vascular but not cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 levels decreased with Ang II administration but were similar to the Ang II+ALA+AVE0991 group. Our experimental data showed the combination of ALA and AVE0991 was found beneficial in Ang II-induced hypertension in rats by reducing SBP, oxidative stress, inflammation, and improving vascular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Onural Özhan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Ulu
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Azibe Yıldız
- Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Burhan Ateş
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Nigar Vardı
- Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Hacı Ahmet Acet
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Hakan Parlakpinar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
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Dos Anjos AA, de Paiva IT, Simões Lima GL, da Silva Filha R, Fróes BPE, Brant Pinheiro SV, Silva ACSE. Nephrotic Syndrome and Renin-angiotensin System: Pathophysiological Role and Therapeutic Potential. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:465-474. [PMID: 35713131 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220616152312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome (INS) is the most frequent etiology of glomerulopathy in pediatric patients and one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in this population. In this review, we aimed to summarize evidence on the pathophysiological role and therapeutic potential of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) molecules for the control of proteinuria and for delaying the onset of CKD in patients with INS. This is a narrative review in which the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Sci- ELO were searched for articles about INS and RAS. We selected articles that evaluated the pathophysiological role of RAS and the effects of the alternative RAS axis as a potential therapy for INS. Several studies using rodent models of nephropathies showed that the treatment with activators of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and with Mas receptor agonists reduces proteinuria and improves kidney tissue damage. Another recent paper showed that the reduction of urinary ACE2 levels in children with INS correlates with proteinuria and higher concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, although data with pediatric patients are still limited. The molecules of the alternative RAS axis comprise a wide spectrum, not yet fully explored, of potential pharmacological targets for kidney diseases. The effects of ACE2 activators and receptor Mas agonists show promising results that can be useful for nephropathies including INS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Aguiar Dos Anjos
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Unidade de Nefrologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isadora Tucci de Paiva
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Unidade de Nefrologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Letícia Simões Lima
- Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Roberta da Silva Filha
- Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Brunna Pinto E Fróes
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Unidade de Nefrologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Veloso Brant Pinheiro
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Unidade de Nefrologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Unidade de Nefrologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Silva MVBD, Sousa Júnior CPD, Silva HVCD, Santos VMD, Feijao FIM, Bernardino ADO, Melo JACRTD. Evaluation of the cardioprotective and antihypertensive effect of AVE 0991 in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:xxx. [PMID: 35830019 PMCID: PMC9574952 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20220259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vanessa Maria Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Nutrição - Vitória de Santo Antão (PE), Brazil
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New drug targets for hypertension: A literature review. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:166037. [PMID: 33309796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the most prevalent cardiovascular diseases worldwide. However, in the population of resistant hypertension, blood pressure is difficult to control effectively. Moreover, antihypertensive drugs may have adverse effect currently. Hence, new therapeutic targets and treatments are needed to uncovered and exploited to control hypertension and its comorbidities. In the past, classical drug targets, such as the aldosterone receptor, aldosterone synthase, and ACE2/angiotensin 1-7/Mas receptor axis, have been investigated. Recently, vaccines and drugs targeting the gastrointestinal microbiome, which represent drug classes, have also been investigated for the management of blood pressure. In this review, we summarized current knowledge on classical and new drug targets and discussed the potential utility of new drugs in the treatment of hypertension.
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Ozhan O, Parlakpinar H, Acet A. Comparison of the effects of losartan, captopril, angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist compound 21, and MAS receptor agonist AVE 0991 on myocardial ischemia–reperfusion necrosis in rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 35:669-680. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Onural Ozhan
- Department of Pharmacology Medicine School Inonu University Malatya 44280 Turkey
| | - Hakan Parlakpinar
- Department of Pharmacology Medicine School Inonu University Malatya 44280 Turkey
| | - Ahmet Acet
- Department of Pharmacology Medicine School Inonu University Malatya 44280 Turkey
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12
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Maternal high-fat diet triggers metabolic syndrome disorders that are transferred to first and second offspring generations. Br J Nutr 2019; 123:59-71. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519002708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA high-fat (H) diet increases metabolic disorders in offspring. However, there is great variability in the literature regarding the time of exposure, composition of the H diets offered to the genitors and/or offspring and parameters evaluated. Here, we investigated the effect of a H diet subjected to the genitors on different cardio-metabolic parameters on first (F1)- and second (F2)-generation offspring. Female Fischer rats, during mating, gestation and breast-feeding, were subjected to the H diet (G0HF) or control (G0CF) diets. Part of F1 offspring becomes G1 genitors for generating the F2 offspring. After weaning, F1 and F2 rats consumed only the C diet. Nutritional, biometric, biochemical and haemodynamic parameters were evaluated. G0HF genitors had a reduction in food intake but energy intake was similar to the control group. Compared with the control group, the F1H and F2H offspring presented increased plasma leptin, insulin and fasting glucose levels, dietary intake, energy intake, adiposity index, mean arterial pressure, sympathetic drive evidenced by the hexamethonium and insulin resistance. Our data showed that only during mating, gestation and breast-feeding, maternal H diet induced cardio-metabolic disorders characteristic of human metabolic syndrome that were transferred to both females and males of F1 and F2 offspring, even if they were fed control diet after weaning. This process probably occurs due to the disturbance in mechanisms related to leptin that increases energy intake in F1H and F2H offspring. The present data reinforce the importance of balanced diet during pregnancy and breast-feeding for the health of the F1 and F2 offspring.
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Murphy KT, Hossain MI, Swiderski K, Chee A, Naim T, Trieu J, Haynes V, Read SJ, Stapleton DI, Judge SM, Trevino JG, Judge AR, Lynch GS. Mas Receptor Activation Slows Tumor Growth and Attenuates Muscle Wasting in Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 79:706-719. [PMID: 30420474 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass associated with significant functional impairment. Cachexia robs patients of their strength and capacity to perform daily tasks and live independently. Effective treatments are needed urgently. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of activating the "alternative" axis of the renin-angiotensin system, involving ACE2, angiotensin-(1-7), and the mitochondrial assembly receptor (MasR), for treating cancer cachexia. Plasmid overexpression of the MasR or pharmacologic angiotensin-(1-7)/MasR activation did not affect healthy muscle fiber size in vitro or in vivo but attenuated atrophy induced by coculture with cancer cells in vitro. In mice with cancer cachexia, the MasR agonist AVE 0991 slowed tumor development, reduced weight loss, improved locomotor activity, and attenuated muscle wasting, with the majority of these effects dependent on the orexigenic and not antitumor properties of AVE 0991. Proteomic profiling and IHC revealed that mechanisms underlying AVE 0991 effects on skeletal muscle involved miR-23a-regulated preservation of the fast, glycolytic fibers. MasR activation is a novel regulator of muscle phenotype, and AVE 0991 has orexigenic, anticachectic, and antitumorigenic effects, identifying it as a promising adjunct therapy for cancer and other serious muscle wasting conditions. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate that MasR activation has multiple benefits of being orexigenic, anticachectic, and antitumorigenic, revealing it as a potential adjunct therapy for cancer.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/79/4/706/F1.large.jpg.See related commentary by Rupert et al., p. 699.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate T Murphy
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Mohammed I Hossain
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kristy Swiderski
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Annabel Chee
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Timur Naim
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Trieu
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vanessa Haynes
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suzannah J Read
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David I Stapleton
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah M Judge
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jose G Trevino
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Andrew R Judge
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Gordon S Lynch
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Santos RAS, Sampaio WO, Alzamora AC, Motta-Santos D, Alenina N, Bader M, Campagnole-Santos MJ. The ACE2/Angiotensin-(1-7)/MAS Axis of the Renin-Angiotensin System: Focus on Angiotensin-(1-7). Physiol Rev 2018; 98:505-553. [PMID: 29351514 PMCID: PMC7203574 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00023.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 680] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a key player in the control of the cardiovascular system and hydroelectrolyte balance, with an influence on organs and functions throughout the body. The classical view of this system saw it as a sequence of many enzymatic steps that culminate in the production of a single biologically active metabolite, the octapeptide angiotensin (ANG) II, by the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). The past two decades have revealed new functions for some of the intermediate products, beyond their roles as substrates along the classical route. They may be processed in alternative ways by enzymes such as the ACE homolog ACE2. One effect is to establish a second axis through ACE2/ANG-(1-7)/MAS, whose end point is the metabolite ANG-(1-7). ACE2 and other enzymes can form ANG-(1-7) directly or indirectly from either the decapeptide ANG I or from ANG II. In many cases, this second axis appears to counteract or modulate the effects of the classical axis. ANG-(1-7) itself acts on the receptor MAS to influence a range of mechanisms in the heart, kidney, brain, and other tissues. This review highlights the current knowledge about the roles of ANG-(1-7) in physiology and disease, with particular emphasis on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Augusto Souza Santos
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil ; Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil ; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin , Germany ; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin , Germany ; Charité - University Medicine, Berlin , Germany ; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin , Germany ; Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck , Lübeck , Germany
| | - Walkyria Oliveira Sampaio
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil ; Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil ; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin , Germany ; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin , Germany ; Charité - University Medicine, Berlin , Germany ; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin , Germany ; Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck , Lübeck , Germany
| | - Andreia C Alzamora
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil ; Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil ; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin , Germany ; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin , Germany ; Charité - University Medicine, Berlin , Germany ; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin , Germany ; Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck , Lübeck , Germany
| | - Daisy Motta-Santos
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil ; Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil ; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin , Germany ; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin , Germany ; Charité - University Medicine, Berlin , Germany ; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin , Germany ; Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck , Lübeck , Germany
| | - Natalia Alenina
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil ; Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil ; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin , Germany ; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin , Germany ; Charité - University Medicine, Berlin , Germany ; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin , Germany ; Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck , Lübeck , Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil ; Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil ; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin , Germany ; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin , Germany ; Charité - University Medicine, Berlin , Germany ; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin , Germany ; Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck , Lübeck , Germany
| | - Maria Jose Campagnole-Santos
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil ; Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil ; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin , Germany ; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin , Germany ; Charité - University Medicine, Berlin , Germany ; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin , Germany ; Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck , Lübeck , Germany
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de Souza-Neto FP, Carvalho Santuchi M, de Morais E Silva M, Campagnole-Santos MJ, da Silva RF. Angiotensin-(1-7) and Alamandine on Experimental Models of Hypertension and Atherosclerosis. Curr Hypertens Rep 2018. [PMID: 29541937 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-018-0798-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review was to summarize the current knowledge on the role of angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] and alamandine in experimental hypertension and atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a very complex system, composed of a cascade of enzymes, peptides, and receptors, known to be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension and atherosclerosis. Ang-(1-7), identified and characterized in 1987, and alamandine, discovered 16 years after, are the newest two main effector molecules from the RAS, protecting the vascular system against hypertension and atherosclerosis. While the beneficial effects of Ang-(1-7) have been widely studied in several experimental models of hypertension, much less studies were performed in experimental models of atherosclerosis. Alamandine has shown similar vascular effects to Ang-(1-7), namely, endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation mediated by nitric oxide and hypotensive effects in experimental hypertension. There are few studies on the effects of alamandine on atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pedro de Souza-Neto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos. 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Melissa Carvalho Santuchi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos. 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Mario de Morais E Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos. 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Maria José Campagnole-Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos. 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Fernandes da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos. 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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16
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Hallberg M, Sumners C, Steckelings UM, Hallberg A. Small-molecule AT2 receptor agonists. Med Res Rev 2017; 38:602-624. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Hallberg
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, BMC; Uppsala University; P.O. Box 591 SE751 24 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Colin Sumners
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida; College of Medicine and McKnight Brain Institute; Gainesville FL 32611
| | - U. Muscha Steckelings
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research; University of Southern Denmark; P.O. Box 5230 Odense Denmark
| | - Anders Hallberg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, BMC; Uppsala University; P.O. Box 574 SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
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Gromotowicz-Poplawska A, Szoka P, Kolodziejczyk P, Kramkowski K, Wojewodzka-Zelezniakowicz M, Chabielska E. New agents modulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system-Will there be a new therapeutic option? Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:1888-1899. [PMID: 27439538 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216660211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is more complex than it was originally regarded. According to the current subject knowledge, there are two main axes of the RAAS: (1) angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-angiotensin II-AT1 receptor axis and (2) ACE2-angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas receptor axis. The activation of the first axis leads to deleterious effects, including vasoconstriction, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, inflammation, and fibrosis; therefore, blocking the components of this axis is a highly rational and commonly used therapeutic procedure. The ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas receptor axis has a different role, since it often opposes the effects induced by the classical ACE-Ang II-AT1 axis. Once the positive effects of the ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis were discovered, the alternative ways of pharmacotherapy activating this axis of RAAS appeared. This article briefly describes new molecules affecting the RAAS, namely: recombinant human ACE2, ACE2 activators, angiotensin-(1-7) peptide and non-peptide analogs, aldosterone synthase inhibitors, and the third and fourth generation of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. The results of the experimental and clinical studies are encouraging, which leads us to believe that these new molecules can support the treatment of cardiovascular diseases as well as cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Szoka
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Patrycjusz Kolodziejczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-522 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Karol Kramkowski
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Chabielska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
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18
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Bader M, Alenina N, Andrade-Navarro MA, Santos RA. MAS and its related G protein-coupled receptors, Mrgprs. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 66:1080-105. [PMID: 25244929 DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.008136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mas-related G protein-coupled receptors (Mrgprs or Mas-related genes) comprise a subfamily of receptors named after the first discovered member, Mas. For most Mrgprs, pruriception seems to be the major function based on the following observations: 1) they are relatively promiscuous in their ligand specificity with best affinities for itch-inducing substances; 2) they are expressed in sensory neurons and mast cells in the skin, the main cellular components of pruriception; and 3) they appear in evolution first in tetrapods, which have arms and legs necessary for scratching to remove parasites or other noxious substances from the skin before they create harm. Because parasites coevolved with hosts, each species faced different parasitic challenges, which may explain another striking observation, the multiple independent duplication and expansion events of Mrgpr genes in different species as a consequence of parallel adaptive evolution. Their predominant expression in dorsal root ganglia anticipates additional functions of Mrgprs in nociception. Some Mrgprs have endogenous ligands, such as β-alanine, alamandine, adenine, RF-amide peptides, or salusin-β. However, because the functions of these agonists are still elusive, the physiologic role of the respective Mrgprs needs to be clarified. The best studied Mrgpr is Mas itself. It was shown to be a receptor for angiotensin-1-7 and to exert mainly protective actions in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge about Mrgprs, their evolution, their ligands, their possible physiologic functions, and their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (M.B., N.A., M.A.A.-N.); Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany (M.B.); Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (M.B.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (M.B., N.A., R.A.S.)
| | - Natalia Alenina
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (M.B., N.A., M.A.A.-N.); Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany (M.B.); Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (M.B.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (M.B., N.A., R.A.S.)
| | - Miguel A Andrade-Navarro
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (M.B., N.A., M.A.A.-N.); Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany (M.B.); Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (M.B.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (M.B., N.A., R.A.S.)
| | - Robson A Santos
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (M.B., N.A., M.A.A.-N.); Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany (M.B.); Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (M.B.); and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (M.B., N.A., R.A.S.)
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AVE 0991 attenuates cardiac hypertrophy through reducing oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 474:621-625. [PMID: 26403967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AVE 0991, the nonpeptide angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) analog, is recognized as having beneficial cardiovascular effects. However, the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study was designed to investigate the effects of AVE 0991 on cardiac hypertrophy and the mechanisms involved. Mice were underwent aortic banding to induce cardiac hypertrophy followed by the administration of AVE 0991 (20 mg kg·day (-1)) for 4 weeks. It was shown that AVE 0991 reduced left ventricular hypertrophy and improved heart function, characterized by decreases in left ventricular weight and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, and increases in ejection fraction. Moreover, AVE 0991 significantly down-regulated mean myocyte diameter and attenuate the gene expression of the hypertrophic markers. Furthermore, AVE 0991 inhibited the expression of NOX 2 and NOX 4, meaning that AVE 0991 reduced oxidative stress of cardiac hypertrophy mice. Our data showed that AVE 0991 treatment could attenuate cardiac hypertrophy and improve heart function, which may be due to reduce oxidative stress.
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Mendoza-Torres E, Oyarzún A, Mondaca-Ruff D, Azocar A, Castro PF, Jalil JE, Chiong M, Lavandero S, Ocaranza MP. ACE2 and vasoactive peptides: novel players in cardiovascular/renal remodeling and hypertension. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 9:217-37. [PMID: 26275770 DOI: 10.1177/1753944715597623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a key component of cardiovascular physiology and homeostasis due to its influence on the regulation of electrolyte balance, blood pressure, vascular tone and cardiovascular remodeling. Deregulation of this system contributes significantly to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular and renal diseases. Numerous studies have generated new perspectives about a noncanonical and protective RAS pathway that counteracts the proliferative and hypertensive effects of the classical angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin (Ang) II/angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) axis. The key components of this pathway are ACE2 and its products, Ang-(1-7) and Ang-(1-9). These two vasoactive peptides act through the Mas receptor (MasR) and AT2R, respectively. The ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR and ACE2/Ang-(1-9)/AT2R axes have opposite effects to those of the ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis, such as decreased proliferation and cardiovascular remodeling, increased production of nitric oxide and vasodilation. A novel peptide from the noncanonical pathway, alamandine, was recently identified in rats, mice and humans. This heptapeptide is generated by catalytic action of ACE2 on Ang A or through a decarboxylation reaction on Ang-(1-7). Alamandine produces the same effects as Ang-(1-7), such as vasodilation and prevention of fibrosis, by interacting with Mas-related GPCR, member D (MrgD). In this article, we review the key roles of ACE2 and the vasoactive peptides Ang-(1-7), Ang-(1-9) and alamandine as counter-regulators of the ACE-Ang II axis as well as the biological properties that allow them to regulate blood pressure and cardiovascular and renal remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Mendoza-Torres
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Oyarzún
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Mondaca-Ruff
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Azocar
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile Division Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge E Jalil
- Division Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - María Paz Ocaranza
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, PontificiaUniversidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.Division Enfermedades Cardiovasculares,Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia UniversidadCatólica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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21
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22
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Karpe PA, Tikoo K. Heat shock prevents insulin resistance-induced vascular complications by augmenting angiotensin-(1-7) signaling. Diabetes 2014; 63:1124-39. [PMID: 24270982 DOI: 10.2337/db13-1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the role of heat shock (HS) in preventing insulin resistance-induced endothelial dysfunction. To the best of our knowledge, we report here for the first time that insulin resistance inhibits vascular HS protein (HSP) 72 expression. HS treatment (41 °C for 20 min) restored the HSP72 expression. High-fat diet (HFD)-fed, insulin-resistant rats show attenuated angiotensin (ANG)-(1-7)-induced vasodilator effect, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation, AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression. Interestingly, HS prevented this attenuation. We also provide the first evidence that HFD-fed rats show increased vascular DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression and that HS prevented this increase. Our data show that in HFD-fed rats HS prevented loss in the expression of ANG-(1-7) receptor Mas and ACE2, which were responsible for vascular complications. Further, the inhibition of eNOS (l-N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester), Mas (A-779), and SIRT1 (nicotinamide) prevented the favorable effects of HS. This suggests that HS augmented ANG-(1-7) signaling via the Mas/eNOS/SIRT1 pathway. Our study, for the first time, suggests that induction of intracellular HSP72 alters DNMT1 expression, and may function as an epigenetic regulator of SIRT1 and eNOS expression. We propose that induction of HSP72 is a novel approach to prevent insulin resistance-induced vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinakin Arun Karpe
- Laboratory of Chromatin Biology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
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