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Costa LS, Schettino CF, Sicupira LC, de Pinho GP, Silvério FO. Determining pyroxasulfone herbicide in honey samples using liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature purification (LLE-LTP). Talanta 2024; 273:125870. [PMID: 38460423 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Pyroxasulfone is a selective, systemic, pre-emergence herbicide which acts to inhibit weeds in potato, coffee, sugar cane, eucalyptus, and soybean plantations, among others. This active ingredient was classified by Brazilian legislation as a very dangerous product for the environment, and to date there are no studies involving the development of extraction methods for monitoring this compound in environmental matrices. Therefore, the objective of this study was to optimize and validate liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature purification followed by a gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry analysis to determine this herbicide in honey samples. The results showed that the best extractor phase was acetonitrile and ethyl acetate (6.5 mL:1.5 mL), with recovery rates close to 100% and relative standard deviations below 11%. The validation proved that the extraction method was selective, precise, accurate and linear in the range of 3-225 μg kg-1, reaching a limit of quantification of 3 μg kg-1, with a -25.95% matrix effect. Monitoring on real samples did not reveal episodes of environmental contamination with pyroxasulfone residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luma Soares Costa
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 39100-000, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carolina Freitas Schettino
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lázaro Chaves Sicupira
- Institute of Engineering, Science and Technology, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 39447-790, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gevany Paulino de Pinho
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Oliveira Silvério
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 39404-547, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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2
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Della Posta S, Gallo V, Gentili A, Gherardi M, De Gara L, Fanali C. Low transition temperature mixture-based extraction of 14 pesticides from tomato samples and their high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1717:464690. [PMID: 38309188 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The extensive use of pesticides to control pest infestations has led to the development of analytical methods to determine pesticide residues in food matrices to prevent food exposure. However, most developed analytical methods do not consider impact on the environment in terms of the toxicity of the chemicals used and the amount of waste produced. An environmentally-friendly method, based on a miniaturized matrix solid-phase dispersion followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, for the analysis of fourteen pesticides in tomatoes, was exploited. For the recovery of pesticides from tomato samples, a low transition temperature mixture (LTTM), containing choline chloride and sesamol 1:3 molar ratio, was employed. Extraction parameters like sample-to-dispersant ratio, extraction solvent volume and LTTM volume were optimized through a Box-Behnken design. The 1:4 sample-to-dispersant ratio, 900 µL of ethanol as extraction solvent and 50 µL of LTTM ensured the best result considering the pesticides' peak areas. The optimized analytical method was validated obtaining the following results: linearity range was between LOQ and 5 mg kg-1 with a minimum R2 of 0.9944 for tebufenozide, values in the range of 0.001-0.023 and 0.004-0.076 mg kg-1 were obtained for LOD and LOQ respectively, while peak areas intra-day and inter-day repeatability were maximum of 10.19 and 9.15 %, respectively. The analytical method was then applied to real samples studying whole, pulp and peel tomato pool. The analysis of whole and tomato pulp revealed the presence of seven and eight of the fourteen investigated pesticides, respectively. However, their concentration was lower than the limit of quantification. In tomato peel, five pesticides, namely dimethomorph, methoxyfenozide, pyraclostrobin, pyriproxyfen, and spiromesifen were quantified and their concentrations were below maximum residue levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Della Posta
- Department of Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and One Health, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Valeria Gallo
- Department of Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and One Health, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gentili
- Department of Chemistry "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Monica Gherardi
- Chemical Risk Laboratory, INAIL- DiMEILA, Monte Porzio Catone Research Center, Rome
| | - Laura De Gara
- Department of Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and One Health, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Chiara Fanali
- Department of Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and One Health, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, Rome 00128, Italy.
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3
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Saito-Shida S, Saito M, Nemoto S, Tsutsumi T. GC–MS/MS method for determining quizalofop ethyl, quizalofop tefuryl, and their metabolites in foods. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Mahdavi V, Gordan H, Peivasteh-Roudsari L, Thai VN, Fakhri Y. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment induced by pesticide residues in commercially available ready-to-eat raisins of Iran based on Monte Carlo Simulation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 206:112253. [PMID: 34710439 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide residues in fruits lead to serious public health and environmental problems. This study was undertaken to analyze 57 pesticides residues in 60 commercially available ready-to-eat packed raisins samples from Iran's markets using Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) approach along with acetonitrile for the extraction, surface adsorbents for clean-up procedure, following with an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Moreover, the probabilistic health risk assessment includes non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk were estimated by hazard quotient (HQ), Hazard Index (HI) and cancer risk (CR) using the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) method. The respective numbers attributed to LOD and LOQ were 0.001-0.03 mg kg-1 and 0.005-0.05 mg kg-1. Results showed that 23% of samples were contaminated by at least one pesticide according to national MRLs. The rank order of pesticides based on HQ was carbendazim > acetamiprid > thiodicarb > iprodione for raisins with percentile 95% benchmark. The HI amount in the adult's age group was 0.001, and in the children's age group was obtained to be 0.006. According to the risk assessment results (HQ and HI < 1 in both age groups), it can be acknowledged that consumption of raisins may not pose remarkable health hazards in short term exposures. The rank order of pesticides based on CR was thiodicarb > iprodion. But total CR (TCR) was lower than 1E-6 value (7.6E-8), so consumers were not at considerable carcinogenic risk in this commodity. Acetamiprid and carbendazim does not pose a cancer risk to humans. Therefore, a dietary exposure assessment for the purpose of assessing cancer risk is unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Mahdavi
- Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 1475744741, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hasti Gordan
- Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 1475744741, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Peivasteh-Roudsari
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Van Nam Thai
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH) 475A, Dien Bien Phu, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Yadolah Fakhri
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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Khoshnam F, Ziaee M, Daei M, Mahdavi V, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Investigation and probabilistic health risk assessment of pesticide residues in cucumber, tomato, and okra fruits from Khuzestan, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:25953-25964. [PMID: 35150425 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 30 pesticide residues in 45 fresh-eating cucumber, tomato, and okra fruit samples collected from the Khuzestan province as the main agricultural products in Iran using the QuEChERS extraction method were analyzed. In addition, noncarcinogen and carcinogen health risk assessments were evaluated. Results indicated that 93% of cucumber samples had at least one pesticide, of course, less than the maximum residue limit (MRL). All tomato and okra fruit samples were contaminated by diazinon. All pesticides detected in tomato samples were below national MRL except for thiamethoxam in four samples. In okra fruit samples, all detected diazinon and malathion, but only tebuconazole fungicide exceeded MRL. In addition, the hazard index (HI) was 0.23 and 1.06 in cucumber samples, 0.33 and 1.51 in tomato samples, and 5.5E-03 and 0.025 in okra fruit samples in adults and children, respectively. The use of cucumber and tomato may have notable risks in the short term in children group age. Ranking based on total CR was 1.2E-05 in tomato, 7.7E-06 for cucumber, and in okra 9.1E-11 because of the difenoconazole residue. However, significant carcinogenic risk threatens cucumber and tomato consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masumeh Ziaee
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mina Daei
- Standard Administration of Khuzestan, Khuzestan, Iran
| | - Vahideh Mahdavi
- Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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6
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Özcan R, Büyükpınar Ç, Bakırdere S. Determination of fipronil and bixafen pesticides residues using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy with matrix matching calibration strategy after binary dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2020; 55:1041-1047. [PMID: 32811300 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2020.1808417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine bixafen and fipronil residues in domestic and industrial wastewater, soil and mint samples by binary dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method (BDLLME) prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Extraction efficiency for the selected analytes was improved by optimizing the parameters such as solvent type, ratio and volume, dispersive solvent type/volume, mixing type and duration to increase overall analytical performance. Under the optimum chromatographic and extraction conditions, limits of detection values for bixafen and fipronil were determined as 7.3 and 6.1 µg L-1, respectively. Spiking experiments were performed for domestic and industrial wastewater, soil and mint samples to evaluate applicability and accuracy of the proposed method. Recovery results for the samples were calculated in the range of 89.4%-112.6% via matrix matching calibration strategy. It was determined that the detection power of GC-MS system was improved 7.8 times for bixafen and 119 times for fipronil over LOD comparisons of conventional GC-MS and B-DLLME-GC-MS systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rümeysa Özcan
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Çağdaş Büyükpınar
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
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7
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Al-Alam J, Baroudi F, Chbani A, Fajloun Z, Millet M. A multiresidue method for the analysis of pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls in snails used as environmental biomonitors. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1621:461006. [PMID: 32156459 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports an optimized multiresidue extraction strategy based on the Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction procedure and on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for the simultaneous screening of 120 pesticides, 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and 22 polychlorinated biphenyls from the terrestrial snail Helix aspersa. The optimized extraction method was based on QuEChERS using acetonitrile, followed by dispersive-Solid-phase extraction clean-up using primary secondary amine and octadecyl (C18) sorbents. The obtained extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. This latest technique was preceded by a pre-concentration step using SPME with appropriate fibers. Afterwards, the method was validated for its linearity, sensitivity, recovery, and precision. Results showed high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision, with limits of detection and quantification lower than 20 ng g - 1 for most considered pollutants. Both inter and intra-day analyses revealed low relative standard deviation (%), which was lower than 20% for most targeted compounds. Moreover, the obtained regression coefficient (R2) was higher than 0.98 and the recoveries were higher than 60% for the majority of the assessed pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Al-Alam
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon; Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Lebanese American University, School of Engineering, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Firas Baroudi
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Asma Chbani
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon; Faculty of Public Health III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences 3, Lebanese University, Michel Slayman Tripoli Campus, Ras Maska 1352, Lebanon
| | - Maurice Millet
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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8
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Marzullo BP, Morgan TE, Wootton CA, Li M, Perry SJ, Saeed M, Barrow MP, O'Connor PB. Comparison of Fragmentation Techniques for the Structural Characterization of Singly Charged Agrochemicals. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3143-3151. [PMID: 31909982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Investigating the structure of active ingredients, such as agrochemicals and their associated metabolites, is a crucial requisite in the discovery and development of these molecules. In this study, structural characterization by electron-induced dissociation (EID) was compared to collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) on a series of agrochemicals. EID fragmentation produced a greater variety of fragment ions and complementary ion pairs leading to more complete functional group characterization compared to CAD. The results obtained displayed many more cross-ring fragmentation of the pyrimidine ring compared to the pyridine ring. Compounds that consisted of one aromatic heterocyclic moiety (azoxystrobin, fluazifop acid, fluazifop-p-butyl, and pirimiphos-methyl) displayed cross-ring fragmentation while compounds with only aromatic hydrocarbon rings (fenpropidin and S-metolachlor) displayed no cross-ring fragmentation. The advantages of high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (HRAM MS) are shown with the majority of assignments at ppb range error values and the ability to differentiate ions with the same nominal mass but different elemental composition. This highlights the potential for HRAM MS and EID to be used as a tool for structural characterization of small molecules with a wide variety of functional groups and structural motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan P Marzullo
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Tomos E Morgan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | | | - Meng Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Simon J Perry
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre , Product Metabolism & Analytical Sciences , RG42 6EY Berkshire , United Kingdom
| | - Mansoor Saeed
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre , Product Metabolism & Analytical Sciences , RG42 6EY Berkshire , United Kingdom
| | - Mark P Barrow
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Peter B O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
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9
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Klinger EG, Camp AA, Strange JP, Cox-Foster D, Lehmann DM. Bombus (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Microcolonies as a Tool for Biological Understanding and Pesticide Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 48:1249-1259. [PMID: 31603491 PMCID: PMC9206168 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvz117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bumble bees provide valuable pollination services to many wild and agricultural plants. Populations of some bumble bee species are in decline, prompting the need to better understand bumble bee biology and to develop methodologies for assessing the effects of environmental stressors on these bees. Use of bumble bee microcolonies as an experimental tool is steadily increasing. This review closely examines the microcolony model using peer-reviewed published literature identified by searching three databases through November 2018. Microcolonies have been successfully used for investigating a range of endpoints including behavior, the gut microbiome, nutrition, development, pathogens, chemical biology, and pesticides/xenobiotics. Methods for the initiation and monitoring of microcolonies, as well as the recorded variables were catalogued and described. From this information, we identified a series of recommendations for standardizing core elements of microcolony studies. Standardization is critical to establishing the foundation needed to support use of this model for biological response investigations and particularly for supporting use in pesticide risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen G. Klinger
- USDA-ARS Pollinating Insect Research Unit; North Logan, UT, 84341, USA
| | - Allison A. Camp
- ORISE Researcher, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
| | - James P. Strange
- USDA-ARS Pollinating Insect Research Unit; North Logan, UT, 84341, USA
| | - Diana Cox-Foster
- USDA-ARS Pollinating Insect Research Unit; North Logan, UT, 84341, USA
| | - David M. Lehmann
- National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, US - Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
- Author for correspondence ()
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10
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Al-Alam J, Chbani A, Faljoun Z, Millet M. The use of vegetation, bees, and snails as important tools for the biomonitoring of atmospheric pollution-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:9391-9408. [PMID: 30715709 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04388-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The continuous discharge of diverse chemical products in the environment is nowadays of great concern to the whole world as some of them persist in the environment leading to serious diseases. Several sampling techniques have been used for the characterization of this chemical pollution, although biomonitoring using natural samplers has recently become the technique of choice in this field due to its efficiency, specificity, and low cost. In fact, several living organisms known as biomonitors could accumulate the well-known persistent environmental pollutants allowing their monitoring in the environment. In this work, a review on environmental biomonitoring is presented. The main sampling techniques used for monitoring environmental pollutants are first reported, followed by an overview on well-known natural species used as passive samplers and known as biomonitors. These species include conifer needles, lichen, mosses, bees and their byproducts, and snails, and were widely used in recent research as reliable monitors for environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Al-Alam
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Asma Chbani
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Faculty of Public Health III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Faljoun
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, El Mittein Street, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Faculty of Sciences III, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Maurice Millet
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health ICPEES UMR 7515 Group of Physical Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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11
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Manav ÖG, Dinç-Zor Ş, Alpdoğan G. Optimization of a modified QuEChERS method by means of experimental design for multiresidue determination of pesticides in milk and dairy products by GC–MS. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Rawson A, Venu S, Santhi K, Paranthaman R, Sureshkumar K. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry method development for the determination of carbaryl residue in honey. Pharmacogn Mag 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_641_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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13
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Kumar A, Gill JPS, Bedi JS, Kumar A. Pesticide residues in Indian raw honeys, an indicator of environmental pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:34005-34016. [PMID: 30280339 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3312-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Honey has multifaceted beneficial properties, but polluted environment and unapproved apicultural practices have led to its contamination. In this study, QuEChERS method followed by chromatographic analysis by GC-μECD/FTD and GC-MS was validated and used for determination of 24 pesticides in 100 raw honey samples from various floral origins of Northern India. Matrix-matched calibrations showed that the method was selective and linear (r2 > 0.99) with detection limit < 9.1 ng g-1 for all the studied pesticides except for monocrotophos (21.3 ng g-1). The average recoveries at different fortification levels ranged from 86.0 to 107.7% with relative standard deviation < 20%. Pesticide residues were detected in 19.0% samples, and most prevalent compounds detected were dichlorvos in 6.0% samples followed by monocrotophos (5.0%), profenofos (5.0%), permethrin (4.0%), ethion (3.0%), and lindane (3.0%) with concentrations ranging from 58.8 to 225.5, from 96.0 to 430.1, from 14.6 to 43.2, from 27.8 to 39.6, from 25.6 to 28.0, and from 19.6 to 99.2 ng g-1, respectively. Honey samples originating from cotton, sunflower, and mustard crops (33.3%) that tested positive for pesticide residues were found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the honey originating from natural and fruity vegetation (13.5%). Therefore, considering the contamination of environmental compartments due to extensive application of pesticides in the study area and their potential for subsequent transfer to honey by the expeditious bees, the results of present study proclaim that honey may be used as an indicator of environmental pollution. Further, estimated daily intakes of all contaminants were found to be at levels well below their acceptable daily intakes suggesting that consumption of honeys at current levels does not pose deleterious effects on human health. However, precautionary measures should always be taken considering the customary honey feeding in infants and cumulative effect of these chemicals in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141 004, India.
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India.
| | - Jatinder Paul Singh Gill
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141 004, India
| | - Jasbir Singh Bedi
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141 004, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141 004, India
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14
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Qian H, Hu L, Liu C, Wang H, Gao H, Zhou W. Determination of four pyrethroid insecticides in water samples through membrane emulsification-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplets. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1559:86-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Method development and optimization for the determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes in water at trace levels by static headspace extraction coupled to gas chromatography-barrier ionization discharge detection. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1548:10-18. [PMID: 29571704 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes, more commonly named BTEX, represent one of the most ubiquitous and hazardous groups of atmospheric pollutants. The goal of our research was the trace quantification of BTEX in water by using a new simple, low-cost, and accurate method, based on headspace (HS) extraction and gas chromatography (GC) coupled to barrier ionization discharge detector (BID). This water application dealt with simple matrices without protein, fat, or humic material that adsorb target analytes, thus the external standard calibration was suitable to quantify each compound. The validation steps included the study of linearity, detection and quantification limits, and accuracy. LODs and LOQs varied from 0.159 to 1.845 μg/L and from 0.202 to 2.452 μg/L, respectively. The recovery was between 0.74 ± 0.13 and 1.15 ± 0.09; relative standard deviations (% RDSs) were less than 12.81% (n = 5) and 14.84% (n = 10). Also, GC performance was evaluated in term of efficiency, peak tailing and resolution. Preliminary results from practical applications to analyses of real samples are presented. The results indicate that static HS coupled to GC-BID is a successful method for BTEX analysis in water samples at the μg/L levels, provided that hydrocarbons interference occur at similar concentration levels. GC-BID may become a routine reference method alongside the official analytical techniques for quality control purposes of contaminated waters. Moreover, the new method is amenable to automation by using commercial HS units.
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Samsidar A, Siddiquee S, Shaarani SM. A review of extraction, analytical and advanced methods for determination of pesticides in environment and foodstuffs. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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17
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Tette PA, Guidi LR, Bastos EM, Fernandes C, Gloria MBA. Synephrine – A potential biomarker for orange honey authenticity. Food Chem 2017; 229:527-533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Benuszak J, Laurent M, Chauzat MP. The exposure of honey bees (Apis mellifera; Hymenoptera: Apidae) to pesticides: Room for improvement in research. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 587-588:423-438. [PMID: 28256316 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Losses of honey bees have been repeatedly reported from many places worldwide. The widespread use of synthetic pesticides has led to concerns regarding their environmental fate and their effects on pollinators. Based on a standardised review, we report the use of a wide variety of honey bee matrices and sampling methods in the scientific papers studying pesticide exposure. Matrices such as beeswax and beebread were very little analysed despite their capacities for long-term pesticide storage. Moreover, bioavailability and transfer between in-hive matrices were poorly understood and explored. Many pesticides were studied but interactions between molecules or with other stressors were lacking. Sampling methods, targeted matrices and units of measure should have been, to some extent, standardised between publications to ease comparison and cross checking. Data on honey bee exposure to pesticides would have also benefit from the use of commercial formulations in experiments instead of active ingredients, with a special assessment of co-formulants (quantitative exposure and effects). Finally, the air matrix within the colony must be explored in order to complete current knowledge on honey bee pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Benuszak
- Unit of Coordination and Support to Surveillance, ANSES, Scientific Affairs Department for Laboratories, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marion Laurent
- Unit of Honeybee Pathology, ANSES, European Union and National Reference Laboratory for Honeybee Health, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Chauzat
- Unit of Coordination and Support to Surveillance, ANSES, Scientific Affairs Department for Laboratories, Maisons-Alfort, France; Unit of Honeybee Pathology, ANSES, European Union and National Reference Laboratory for Honeybee Health, Sophia Antipolis, France.
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Chiesa LM, Labella GF, Panseri S, Britti D, Galbiati F, Villa R, Arioli F. Accelerated solvent extraction by using an ‘in-line’ clean-up approach for multiresidue analysis of pesticides in organic honey. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2017; 34:809-818. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1292558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tette PAS, da Silva Oliveira FA, Pereira ENC, Silva G, de Abreu Glória MB, Fernandes C. Multiclass method for pesticides quantification in honey by means of modified QuEChERS and UHPLC–MS/MS. Food Chem 2016; 211:130-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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21
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Wang H, Hu L, Li W, Lu R, Zhang S, Zhou W, Gao H. A rapid and simple pretreatment method for benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples using in-syringe dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on the direct solidification of ionic liquids. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1471:60-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Irungu J, Raina S, Torto B. Determination of pesticide residues in honey: a preliminary study from two of Africa’s largest honey producers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD CONTAMINATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40550-016-0036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Souza Tette PA, Rocha Guidi L, de Abreu Glória MB, Fernandes C. Pesticides in honey: A review on chromatographic analytical methods. Talanta 2016; 149:124-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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24
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Xi X, Yang M, Shen G, Wu X, Lu R, Zhou W, Zhang S, Gao H. Pipette vial dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of benzoylurea insecticide in fruit juice. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:391-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Xi
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Haidian District Beijing China
| | - Miyi Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Haidian District Beijing China
| | - Ganni Shen
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Haidian District Beijing China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Haidian District Beijing China
| | - Runhua Lu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Haidian District Beijing China
| | - Wenfeng Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Haidian District Beijing China
| | - Sanbing Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Haidian District Beijing China
| | - Haixiang Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Haidian District Beijing China
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Farajzadeh MA, Feriduni B, Afshar Mogaddam MR. Development of counter current salting-out homogenous liquid–liquid extraction for isolation and preconcentration of some pesticides from aqueous samples. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 885:122-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yang M, Zhang P, Hu L, Lu R, Zhou W, Zhang S, Gao H. Ionic liquid-assisted liquid-phase microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic droplets combined with high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of benzoylurea insecticide in fruit juice. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1360:47-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Jia W, Chu X, Ling Y, Huang J, Chang J. High-throughput screening of pesticide and veterinary drug residues in baby food by liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1347:122-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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