1
|
Chamberlain F, Grammatopoulos D. Methodology for Isolation of miRNA From the Serum of Women Investigated for Pre-eclampsia. Cureus 2023; 15:e46181. [PMID: 37905272 PMCID: PMC10613333 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pre-eclampsia remains a leading cause of maternal and foetal mortality with a poorly understood pathophysiology. It can lead to a range of clinical presentations, but proteinuria and hypertension are key components of the diagnosis. These signs arise due to disordered placental implantation due to poor trophoblastic invasion, resulting in placental oxidative stress due to hypoxia. Oxidative stress triggers the release of syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles (STMBs), of which placenta-derived exosomes may be a key component. The high specificity of exosomes for their cell of origin makes them ideal candidates as diagnostic biomarkers. We are particularly interested in the miRNAs (microRNAs) contained within these exosomes, as they may give us an insight into the genomic regulation within the pre-eclamptic placenta that leads to the disease state. The development of workflows for miRNA quantitation may enable us to identify novel biomarkers. Methods We extracted exosomes and purified total RNA from 23 serum samples using the Norgen Plasma/Serum Exosome Purification and RNA Isolation Midi Kit. We then used the bioanalyser to determine the concentration and quality of the RNA obtained. It uses rapid electrophoresis, requires minimal sample sizes, and can assess the quality of genetic material as small as 25 bases. Results We have successfully isolated RNA from these samples; however, the concentration of the total RNA was too low for downstream molecular analysis. We did gain insight into how to optimise and develop the workflow so that, with each attempt, the yield increased. Our greatest concentrations were obtained by combining serum samples from multiple patients, demonstrating that we needed a higher volume to optimise the yield. Future studies should aim to obtain samples specifically for use in this research so that we can process a larger volume of serum. Conclusions We have also noted that there is a positive correlation between the overall concentration of total RNA and a high sFlt-1/PlGF ratio. Preliminary analysis from Illumina identified with a high degree of confidence the presence of three miRNAs, namely, mir-498(46), mir-122(1), and mir-134(41). Further work is necessary to validate these findings and should focus on the possible future role of these miRNAs as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of pre-eclampsia.
Collapse
|
2
|
Armakolas A, Kotsari M, Koskinas J. Liquid Biopsies, Novel Approaches and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1579. [PMID: 36900369 PMCID: PMC10000663 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide. Early diagnosis and prognosis are vital to improve patients' outcomes. The gold standard of tumor characterization leading to tumor diagnosis and prognosis is tissue biopsy. Amongst the constraints of tissue biopsy collection is the sampling frequency and the incomplete representation of the entire tumor bulk. Liquid biopsy approaches, including the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating miRNAs, and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), as well as certain protein signatures that are released in the circulation from primary tumors and their metastatic sites, present a promising and more potent candidate for patient diagnosis and follow up monitoring. The minimally invasive nature of liquid biopsies, allowing frequent collection, can be used in the monitoring of therapy response in real time, allowing the development of novel approaches in the therapeutic management of cancer patients. In this review we will describe recent advances in the field of liquid biopsy markers focusing on their advantages and disadvantages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Armakolas
- Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
- B' Department of Medicine, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Kotsari
- Physiology Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - John Koskinas
- B' Department of Medicine, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dong C, Rao N, Du W, Gao F, Lv X, Wang G, Zhang J. mRBioM: An Algorithm for the Identification of Potential mRNA Biomarkers From Complete Transcriptomic Profiles of Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:679612. [PMID: 34386038 PMCID: PMC8354214 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.679612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this work, an algorithm named mRBioM was developed for the identification of potential mRNA biomarkers (PmBs) from complete transcriptomic RNA profiles of gastric adenocarcinoma (GA). Methods mRBioM initially extracts differentially expressed (DE) RNAs (mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs). Next, mRBioM calculates the total information amount of each DE mRNA based on the coexpression network, including three types of RNAs and the protein-protein interaction network encoded by DE mRNAs. Finally, PmBs were identified according to the variation trend of total information amount of all DE mRNAs. Four PmB-based classifiers without learning and with learning were designed to discriminate the sample types to confirm the reliability of PmBs identified by mRBioM. PmB-based survival analysis was performed. Finally, three other cancer datasets were used to confirm the generalization ability of mRBioM. Results mRBioM identified 55 PmBs (41 upregulated and 14 downregulated) related to GA. The list included thirteen PmBs that have been verified as biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets of gastric cancer, and some PmBs were newly identified. Most PmBs were primarily enriched in the pathways closely related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. Cancer-related factors without learning achieved sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 0.90, 1, and 0.90, respectively, in the classification of the GA and control samples. Average accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the three classifiers with machine learning ranged within 0.94–0.98, 0.94–0.97, and 0.97–1, respectively. The prognostic risk score model constructed by 4 PmBs was able to correctly and significantly (∗∗∗p < 0.001) classify 269 GA patients into the high-risk (n = 134) and low-risk (n = 135) groups. GA equivalent classification performance was achieved using the complete transcriptomic RNA profiles of colon adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma using PmBs identified by mRBioM. Conclusions GA-related PmBs have high specificity and sensitivity and strong prognostic risk prediction. MRBioM has also good generalization. These PmBs may have good application prospects for early diagnosis of GA and may help to elucidate the mechanism governing the occurrence and development of GA. Additionally, mRBioM is expected to be applied for the identification of other cancer-related biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changlong Dong
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Nini Rao
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenju Du
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fenglin Gao
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqin Lv
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Junpeng Zhang
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Advani D, Sharma S, Kumari S, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Precision Oncology, Signaling and Anticancer Agents in Cancer Therapeutics. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:433-468. [PMID: 33687887 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210308101029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global alliance for genomics and healthcare facilities provides innovational solutions to expedite research and clinical practices for complex and incurable health conditions. Precision oncology is an emerging field explicitly tailored to facilitate cancer diagnosis, prevention and treatment based on patients' genetic profile. Advancements in "omics" techniques, next-generation sequencing, artificial intelligence and clinical trial designs provide a platform for assessing the efficacy and safety of combination therapies and diagnostic procedures. METHOD Data were collected from Pubmed and Google scholar using keywords: "Precision medicine", "precision medicine and cancer", "anticancer agents in precision medicine" and reviewed comprehensively. RESULTS Personalized therapeutics including immunotherapy, cancer vaccines, serve as a groundbreaking solution for cancer treatment. Herein, we take a measurable view of precision therapies and novel diagnostic approaches targeting cancer treatment. The contemporary applications of precision medicine have also been described along with various hurdles identified in the successful establishment of precision therapeutics. CONCLUSION This review highlights the key breakthroughs related to immunotherapies, targeted anticancer agents, and target interventions related to cancer signaling mechanisms. The success story of this field in context to drug resistance, safety, patient survival and in improving quality of life is yet to be elucidated. We conclude that, in the near future, the field of individualized treatments may truly revolutionize the nature of cancer patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dia Advani
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042. India
| | - Sudhanshu Sharma
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042. India
| | - Smita Kumari
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042. India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042. India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi 110042. India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang E, Chen X, Yuan Y. Downregulated circular RNA itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase correlates with advanced pathologic T stage, high lymph node metastasis risk and poor survivals in prostate cancer patients. Cancer Biomark 2020; 26:41-50. [PMID: 31306101 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-182111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the correlation of circular RNA itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (circ-ITCH) with pathological features as well as its predictive value on prognosis in prostate cancer patients. METHODS Three hundred and twenty-four patients with prostate cancer underwent radical prostatectomy were consecutively included in this retrospective study, and patients' specimens of tumor as well as paired adjacent tissues were collected for detection of circ-ITCH expression. Patients' baseline characteristics and survival data were obtained from follow-up records, and correlation of circ-ITCH with patients' pathological features and survival was determined. RESULTS Circ-ITCH expression was decreased in tumor tissue compared with paired adjacent tissues (P< 0.001), and it presented with good value in distinguishing tumor tissues from paired adjacent tissues with area under curve (AUC) of 0.812 (95%CI: 0.780-0.845). Circ-ITCH low expression was associated with advanced pathologic T stage (P= 0.002) and high risk of lymph node metastasis (P= 0.047) in prostate cancer patients. As for prognosis, patients with circ-ITCH high expression had longer disease-free survival (DFS) (P< 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (P< 0.001). Additionally, circ-ITCH (high vs. low) independently predicted better survival, while Gleason score (> 7 vs. ⩽ 7) and surgical margin status (positive vs. negative) independently predicted worse survival in prostate patients underwent radical prostatectomy. CONCLUSIONS Circ-ITCH is downregulated in prostate cancer tissues, and its low expression correlates with advanced pathologic T stage, high lymph mode metastasis risk and poor survival in prostate cancer patients underwent radical prostatectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enying Huang
- Department of Urology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, Hubei, China.,Department of Urology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department of Urology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, Hubei, China.,Department of Urology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Urology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
De Rubis G, Rajeev Krishnan S, Bebawy M. Liquid Biopsies in Cancer Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Prognosis. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:172-186. [PMID: 30736982 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsies, comprising the noninvasive analysis of circulating tumor-derived material (the 'tumor circulome'), represent an innovative tool in precision oncology to overcome current limitations associated with tissue biopsies. Within the tumor circulome, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are the only components the clinical application of which is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Extracellular vesicles (EVs), circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA), and tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) are relatively new tumor circulome constituents with promising potential at each stage of cancer management. Here, we discuss the clinical applications of each element of the tumor circulome and the prevailing factors that currently limit their implementation in clinical practice. We also detail the most recent technological developments in the field, which demonstrate potential in improving the clinical value of liquid biopsies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele De Rubis
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney Australia, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sabna Rajeev Krishnan
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney Australia, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Mary Bebawy
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney Australia, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Helsmoortel H, Everaert C, Lumen N, Ost P, Vandesompele J. Detecting long non-coding RNA biomarkers in prostate cancer liquid biopsies: Hype or hope? Noncoding RNA Res 2018; 3:64-74. [PMID: 30159441 PMCID: PMC6096408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous malignancy, with clinical courses widely differing between indolent and aggressive lethal disease. This heterogeneity calls for a more personalized approach towards diagnosis, prognosis, treatment decision, monitoring and follow-up of patients. In this review, we discuss the possibilities and drawbacks of detecting RNA biomarkers in biological fluids to improve disease-specific survival and quality of life. In particular, we examine literature on long non-coding RNAs in blood and urine of prostate cancer patients. We thereby specifically focus on the need for standard operation procedures on many different levels, analytical validation, clinical validation, and assessment of clinical utility. We argue that thorough multi-step validation of putative biomarkers is necessary for successful translation into clinical prostate cancer care. Our recommendations may also prove useful to biomarker research in other cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hetty Helsmoortel
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Celine Everaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nicolaas Lumen
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Piet Ost
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zaporozhchenko IA, Ponomaryova AA, Rykova EY, Laktionov PP. The potential of circulating cell-free RNA as a cancer biomarker: challenges and opportunities. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018; 18:133-145. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1425143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan A. Zaporozhchenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Centre of New Surgical Technologies, E.N. Meshalkin Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Ponomaryova
- Laboratory of Immunology, Tomsk Cancer Research Institute of SB RAMS, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Applied Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena Yu Rykova
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Centre of New Surgical Technologies, E.N. Meshalkin Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel P. Laktionov
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Centre of New Surgical Technologies, E.N. Meshalkin Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xi X, Li T, Huang Y, Sun J, Zhu Y, Yang Y, Lu ZJ. RNA Biomarkers: Frontier of Precision Medicine for Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2017; 3:ncrna3010009. [PMID: 29657281 PMCID: PMC5832009 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna3010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As an essential part of central dogma, RNA delivers genetic and regulatory information and reflects cellular states. Based on high-throughput sequencing technologies, cumulating data show that various RNA molecules are able to serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases, for instance, cancer. In particular, detectable in various bio-fluids, such as serum, saliva and urine, extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) are emerging as non-invasive biomarkers for earlier cancer diagnosis, tumor progression monitor, and prediction of therapy response. In this review, we summarize the latest studies on various types of RNA biomarkers, especially extracellular RNAs, in cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and illustrate several well-known RNA biomarkers of clinical utility. In addition, we describe and discuss general procedures and issues in investigating exRNA biomarkers, and perspectives on utility of exRNAs in precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Xi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Tianxiao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yiming Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jiahui Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yumin Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Zhi John Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
VanderWeele DJ, Turkbey B, Sowalsky AG. PRECISION MANAGEMENT OF LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2016; 1:505-515. [PMID: 28133630 DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2016.1267562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The vast majority of men who are diagnosed with prostate cancer die of other causes, highlighting the importance of determining which patient has a risk of death from prostate cancer. Precision management of prostate cancer patients includes distinguishing which men have potentially lethal disease and employing strategies for determining which treatment modality appropriately balances the desire to achieve a durable response while preventing unnecessary overtreatment. AREAS COVERED In this review, we highlight precision approaches to risk assessment and a context for the precision-guided application of definitive therapy. We focus on three dilemmas relevant to the diagnosis of localized prostate cancer: screening, the decision to treat, and postoperative management. EXPERT COMMENTARY In the last five years, numerous precision tools have emerged with potential benefit to the patient. However, to achieve optimal outcome, the decision to employ one or more of these tests must be considered in the context of prevailing conventional factors. Moreover, performance and interpretation of a molecular or imaging precision test remains practitioner-dependent. The next five years will witness increased marriage of molecular and imaging biomarkers for improved multi-modal diagnosis and discrimination of disease that is aggressive versus truly indolent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J VanderWeele
- Laboratory of Genitourinary Cancer Pathogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Baris Turkbey
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adam G Sowalsky
- Laboratory of Genitourinary Cancer Pathogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Agarwal N, Alex AB, Farnham JM, Patel S, Gill D, Buckley TH, Stephenson RA, Cannon-Albright L. Inherited Variants in SULT1E1 and Response to Abiraterone Acetate by Men with Metastatic Castration Refractory Prostate Cancer. J Urol 2016; 196:1112-6. [PMID: 27150425 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Germline variations in genes involved in androgen biosynthesis and metabolic pathways may predict the response to abiraterone acetate in men with metastatic, castration refractory prostate cancer. The variations may serve as prognostic and predictive biomarkers to allow for more individualized therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 832 single nucleotide polymorphisms from the OmniExpress genotyping platform (Illumina®) in the boundaries of 61 candidate genes reported to be involved in the androgen metabolic pathway. The purpose was to investigate them for an association with time to treatment failure in 68 white men with metastatic, castration refractory prostate cancer undergoing treatment with abiraterone acetate. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used with Gleason score, age, level of alkaline phosphatase and prostate specific antigen at treatment initiation as covariates. Each single nucleotide polymorphism was assessed using an allele carriage genetic model in which carriage of 1 or more minor alleles contributes to increased risk. Subset analyses were done to determine whether metastasis site, or prior treatment with ketoconazole or docetaxel would interact with the single nucleotide polymorphisms investigated. RESULTS Six single nucleotide polymorphisms in the estrogen sulfotransferase gene SULT1E1 were associated with time to treatment failure on abiraterone acetate therapy after false discovery rate (q value) correction for multiple testing while controlling for Gleason score, age, level of alkaline phosphatase and prostate specific antigen at treatment initiation (q <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Single nucleotide polymorphisms in SULT1E1 were significantly associated with time to treatment failure in men on abiraterone acetate therapy. The single nucleotide polymorphisms may serve as predictive markers for treatment with abiraterone acetate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Agarwal
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| | - Anitha B Alex
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - James M Farnham
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Shiven Patel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - David Gill
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Tyler H Buckley
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | | |
Collapse
|