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Liu Y, Li F, Li H, Tong Y, Li W, Xiong J, You J. Bioassay-based identification and removal of target and suspect toxicants in municipal wastewater: Impacts of chemical properties and transformation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129426. [PMID: 35897175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater contains numerous chemicals and transformation products with highly diverse physiochemical properties and intrinsic toxicity; thus, it is imperative but challenging to identify major toxicants. Herein, toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) was applied to identify major toxicants in a typical municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Impacts of chemical properties on the removal of contaminants and toxicity at individual treatment stages were also examined. The WWTP influent caused 100% death of Daphnia magna and zebrafish embryos, and toxicity characterization suggested that organics, metals, and volatiles all contributed to the toxicity. Toxicity identification based on 189 target and approximately one-thousand suspect chemicals showed that toxicity contributions of organic contaminants, metals, and ammonia to D. magna were 77%, 4%, and 19%, respectively. Galaxolide, pyrene, phenanthrene, benzo[a]anthracene, fluoranthene, octinoxate, silver, and ammonia were identified as potential toxicants. Comparatively, the detected transformation products elicited lower toxicity than their respective parent contaminants. In contrast, the analyzed contaminants showed negligible contributions to the toxicity of zebrafish embryos. Removal efficiencies of these toxicants in WWTP were highly related to their hydrophobicity. Diverse transformation and removal efficiencies of contaminants in WWTPs may influence the chemical compositions in effluent and ultimately the risk to aquatic organisms in the receiving waterways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China
| | - Faxu Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China.
| | - Yujun Tong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China
| | - Weizong Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China
| | - Jingjing Xiong
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Jing You
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China
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Alves AV, Ferraz MA, Moreno BB, Nobre CR, Antunes RM, Pusceddu FH, Bordon ICDCL, Favaro DIT, Cotrim MEB, Choueri RB. Microscale Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) for interstitial water of estuarine sediments affected by multiple sources of pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:10122-10137. [PMID: 34510342 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries in the world are affected by different contamination sources related to urbanisation and port/industrial activities. Identifying the substances responsible for the environmental toxicity in estuaries is challenging due to the multitude of stressors, both natural and anthropogenic. The Toxicity Identification and Evaluation (TIE) is a suitable way of determining causes of toxicity of sediments, but it poses difficulties since its application is labour intensive and time consuming. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnosis provided by a TIE based on microscale embryotoxicity tests with interstitial water (IW) to identify toxicants in estuarine sediments affected by multiple stressors. TIE showed toxicity due to different combinations of metals, apolar organic compounds, ammonia and sulphides, depending on the contamination source closest to the sampling station. The microscale TIE was able to discern different toxicants on sites subject to different contamination sources. There is good agreement between the results indicated in the TIE and the chemical analyses in whole sediment, although there are some disagreements, either due to the sensitivity of the test used, or due to the particularities of the use of interstitial water to assess the sediment toxicity. The improvement of TIE methods focused on identifying toxicants in multiple-stressed estuarine areas are crucial to discern contamination sources and subsidise management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Vecchio Alves
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, R. Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Vila Belmiro, CEP 11070-102, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análise Ambiental Integrada, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Diadema/Baixada Santista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Aliceda Ferraz
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, R. Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Vila Belmiro, CEP 11070-102, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barbosa Moreno
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, R. Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Vila Belmiro, CEP 11070-102, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Rodrigues Nobre
- Instituto de Biociências Universidade do Estado de São Paulo (UNESP), Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista, Praça Infante D. Henrique, s/n, Parque Bitaru, CEP 11330-900, São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Medeiros Antunes
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, R. Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Vila Belmiro, CEP 11070-102, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Hermes Pusceddu
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília (UNISANTA), Rua Oswaldo Cruz, 266, Boqueirão, CEP 11045-101Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella Cristina da Costa Leal Bordon
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, CEP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Deborah Inês Teixeira Favaro
- IPEN - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Centro do Reator de Pesquisa (CRPq), Avenida. Professor Lineu Prestes 2242, Cidade Universitária, CEP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Marycel Elena Barbosa Cotrim
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Centro de Quimica e Meio Ambiente (CQMA), Avenida. Professor Lineu Prestes 2242, Cidade Universitária, CEP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, R. Dr. Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Vila Belmiro, CEP 11070-102, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Ke X, Feng S, Luan J, Zhang F, Zhou Y. Toxicity Identification Evaluation of Sediments from the Xihe River. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:3103-3110. [PMID: 34344060 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, chinonomus riparius larvae were selected as a model organism, and 11 sediment samples from the Xihe River in Shenyang underwent toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) to identify sediment toxic pollutants. Heavy metals and organic pollutants were the main toxic pollutants through toxicity screening and characterization. The results of toxicity identification showed that the pollution level from Cd was most serious and that phenol and P-methyl phenol were the major organic pollutants. Moreover, a spiking test of Cd was conducted, which indicated that Cd was the main toxic pollutant of sediments at sites 4, 6, 7, 8, and 10. We confirm that TIE is the most effective method to determine the relationship between toxic effects and toxic pollutants. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3103-3110. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ke
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and College of Energy and Environmental, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuna Feng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and College of Energy and Environmental, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingde Luan
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and College of Energy and Environmental, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feijie Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and College of Energy and Environmental, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and College of Energy and Environmental, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China
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Cruz ACF, Gusso-Choueri P, Araujo GSD, Campos BG, Abessa DMDS. Levels of metals and toxicity in sediments from a Ramsar site influenced by former mining activities. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:162-172. [PMID: 30605845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the sediment quality in a Ramsar site located in the Southeast Brazil, by using several lines of evidence (LOEs). Chemical and sedimentological analyses, ecotoxicological tests, and whole-sediment Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) were performed. The sediments were predominantly composed of fine sands and muds. Higher concentrations of metals in the sediments collected close to Iguape were observed; however according to the SEM/AVS analyses, most sediments should not be toxic and the potentially toxic samples could occur along the whole channel. In fact, sediments of most stations were toxic in at least one survey. The PCA revealed associations between mud, metals and toxicity. Acutely toxic sediments presented Pb concentrations above the threshold effect levels, while chronic toxicity seemed to be influenced also by SEM. The most contaminated and toxic areas are not necessarily those located close to the primary sources, but are actually those with finer sediments. Toxicity Identification and Evaluation (TIE) showed that metals and ammonia were responsible for the toxicity. The results suggest that metals from former mining areas located at the upper Ribeira de Iguape River are transported to the Cananéia Iguape Peruíbe Protected Area and accumulate in the sediments at potentially toxic levels. The location of muddy and more contaminated sediments appears to move along the estuary, accompanying the displacement of the maximum turbidity zone, which, in turn, depends on seasonal freshwater inputs. The results also showed that using several lines of evidences to asses contamination in a protected area provides reliable information to subsidise further actions to control the sources of contaminants.
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Ke X, Gao L, Huang H, Kumar S. Toxicity identification evaluation of sediments in Liaohe River. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 93:259-265. [PMID: 25680882 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Liaohe River has received significant attention in the northeast region and even in the entire country. As part of a recently completed water quality assessment, a series of water column and sediment toxicity tests was performed throughout the watershed. In the current study, we subjected sediments from the Liaohe River to toxicity identification evaluation manipulations and tests for chronic toxicity with midge (Chironomus riparius), with survival as the end point. In Phase I, the sediments were treated with zeolite, cation-exchange resin, and powdered coconut charcoal. Results confirmed that ammonia compounds were the major contaminants in terms of toxicity, although toxic effects from metals were also a concern in at least three sites. In Phase II identification, chemical analysis provided a strong evidence that the metals As and Cd are the probable causes of toxicity in the sediments, without the influence of ammonia. Temporally, ammonia is responsible for the toxicity of the selected sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ke
- College of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China.
| | - Lili Gao
- College of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Hao Huang
- College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Santosh Kumar
- College of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
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Ferronato C, Modesto M, Stefanini I, Vianello G, Biavati B, Antisari LV. Chemical and Microbiological Parameters in Fresh Water and Sediments to Evaluate the Pollution Risk in the Reno River Watershed (North Italy). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2013.54045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wang D, Wang Y, Shen L. Confirmation of combinational effects of calcium with other metals in a paper recycling mill effluent on nematode lifespan with toxicity identification evaluation method. J Environ Sci (China) 2010; 22:731-737. [PMID: 20608510 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(09)60170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We used toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) method to confirm the combinational effects of identified toxic metals in a paper recycling mill effluent in inducing the decreased lifespan in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Exposure to Ca + Al caused more severely decreased lifespan than that exposed to Ca, or Al; and exposure to Ca + Fe induced more severely decreased lifespan than that exposed to Ca, or Fe. Exposure to Ca+Al+Fe caused more severely decreased lifespan than that exposed to Ca, or Ca+Fe. Moreover, the baseline toxicity on lifespan was doubled by doubling the concentration of combined metals (Ca+Al+Fe) in spiking test in original effluent (oe), and lifespan defects in oe+Ca+Al+Fe exposed nematodes were more severe than that in Ca+Al+Fe exposed nematode. Therefore, Ca+Al+Fe exposure may largely explain the formation of decreased lifespan induced by the examined industrial effluent. Furthermore, the observed reduction of lifespan induced by the combination of high level of Ca with other metals may be at least partially independent of the insulin-like pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Wang X, Shen L, Yu H, Wang D. Toxicity evaluation in a paper recycling mill effluent by coupling bioindicator of aging with the toxicity identification evaluation method in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. J Environ Sci (China) 2008; 20:1373-1380. [PMID: 19202878 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(08)62235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) can be used to determine the specific toxicant(s) in industrial effluents. In the current study, the authors have attempted to combine the advantages of the model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans, with the virtues of the TIE technique, to evaluate and identify the toxicity on aging from a paper recycling mill effluent. The results indicate that only the toxicities from mixed cellulose (MC) filtration and EDTA treatment are similar to the baseline aging toxicity, suggesting that the suspect toxicants inducing aging toxicity may largely be the heavy metal substances in this industrial effluent. Examination of the accumulation of intestinal autofluorescence in adult animals further confirms that the short lifespans are actually due to accelerated aging. In addition, exposure to fractions of EDTA manipulations cannot result in severe defects of reproduction and locomotion behaviors in C. elegans. Moreover, high levels of Ca, Al, and Fe in the effluent may account for the severe toxicity on aging of exposed nematodes, by TIE assay. The study here provides a new method for evaluating environmental risk and identifying toxicant(s) from the industrial effluent using C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Jo HJ, Park EJ, Cho K, Kim EH, Jung J. Toxicity identification and reduction of wastewaters from a pigment manufacturing factory. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 70:949-57. [PMID: 17892894 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2007] [Revised: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, major toxicants in pigment wastewaters (i.e. raw wastewater and effluent) were determined by toxicity identification evaluations (TIEs), and changes in their toxicities due to combined gamma-ray (gamma-ray) and ozone treatments were evaluated. From TIE results using Daphnia magna, Cr(VI) and o-toluidine were identified as major toxicants in the raw wastewater with concentrations of 2.47 and 25.3mg l(-1), respectively. This was confirmed by subsequent spiking and mass balance approaches. For effluent, TIE results suggested that organic anions were likely responsible for the observed toxicities. Toxicity reduction tests showed that gamma-rays with ozone treatment after coagulation was more efficient in reducing toxicities in the raw wastewater (3.9-2.0 TU) than gamma-ray treatment alone (3.9-3.1 TU). For pigment effluent, gamma-ray/O3 treatment resulted in a complete removal of the acute toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun-Je Jo
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
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