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Santos MVS, da Silva Júnior JB, Melo VMM, Sousa DS, Hadlich GM, de Oliveira OMC. Evaluation of metal contamination in mangrove ecosystems near oil refining areas using chemometric tools and geochemical indexes. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 166:112179. [PMID: 33636641 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The northern and northeastern portion of the Todos os Santos Bay (TSB) is known for the presence of an oil refinery in addition to the development of other activities with significant potential for impact on the environment. 30 samples of superficial mangrove sediment were collected in two different locations: on the banks of the São Paulo River near the Landulpho Alves Mataripe Refinery (RLAM) and at Caboto Beach, a place that was once a control point in studies of metal pollution. After the determination of potentially toxic elements (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Ti, V, Zn), the quality of the sediment was evaluated using the concentrations of these elements associated with geochemical parameters (TOC, P, S, and granulometry). In this way, the pollution indexes (EF, Igeo, PN) were calculated in addition to the comparison with the guide values for the sediment quality (TEL, PEL, ERL, ERM). Among the elements analyzed, Cu also showed levels (92.71-97.54 mg kg-1) very close to PEL (108 mg kg-1). At 13 sampling points, Cr concentrations were higher (56.16-66.01 mg kg-1) than TEL (52.3 mg kg-1). Ba showed significant concentrations in 6 samples collected on the São Paulo River, a region close to the oil refining area. The enrichment factor (EF) showed that most elements did not show enrichment, except for Zn. Through Igeo there was a tendency towards serious pollution of Ba, Cu, and Zn; moderately polluted by Cr. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Spearman's classification showed a correlation greater than 70% between the variables. According to Nemerow Synthetic Pollution (PN), both areas are polluted by Al, Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Ti, V, and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinícius Silva Santos
- Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica: Petróleo e Meio Ambiente (POSPETRO), Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-290 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jucelino Balbino da Silva Júnior
- Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica: Petróleo e Meio Ambiente (POSPETRO), Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-290 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Vânia Maria Maciel Melo
- LEMBIOTECH: Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Av. Humberto Monte, 2977, Campus do Pici, 60.440-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Daniele Santos Sousa
- Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica: Petróleo e Meio Ambiente (POSPETRO), Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-290 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gisele Mara Hadlich
- Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica: Petróleo e Meio Ambiente (POSPETRO), Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-290 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Olívia Maria Cordeiro de Oliveira
- Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica: Petróleo e Meio Ambiente (POSPETRO), Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, 40170-290 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Sotão Neto BMT, Combi T, Taniguchi S, Albergaria-Barbosa ACR, Ramos RB, Figueira RCL, Montone RC. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and personal care products (PCPs) in the surface sediments of a large tropical bay (Todos os Santos Bay, Brazil). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 161:111818. [PMID: 33160119 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and spatial distribution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and personal care products (PCPs) were investigated in surface sediments of Todos os Santos Bay. Samples were Soxhlet-extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Quantification limits (QL) ranged from 0.0025 ng g-1 for POPs to 0.25 ng g-1 for PCPs. Of the POPs studied, only PCBs and DDTs were detectable, with concentrations ranging from <QL to 4.66 ng g-1, with increased concentrations near urban and industrial areas. PCPs ranged from <QL to 27.5 ng g-1 and presented a homogeneous spatial distribution, probably related to the continuous inputs of these compounds from diffuse sources. Mean contaminant inventories ranged from 0.33 ± 0.23 ng cm-2 for DDTs to 8.3 ± 8.4 ng cm-2 for fragrances. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the occurrence of UV filters in sediments from Brazilian coastal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basílio M T Sotão Neto
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-120 Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Combi
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Oceanografia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 40170-020 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-120 Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana C R Albergaria-Barbosa
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Oceanografia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 40170-020 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Raissa B Ramos
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-120 Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens Cesar Lopes Figueira
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-120 Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosalinda C Montone
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-120 Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Régis CG, Souza-Santos LP, Yogui GT, Moraes AS, Schettini CAF. Use of Tisbe biminiensis nauplii in ecotoxicological tests and geochemical analyses to assess the sediment quality of a tropical urban estuary in northeastern Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 137:45-55. [PMID: 30503455 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An approach pooling geochemical analyses and ecotoxicological tests has been applied to assess the sediment quality of the Capibaribe River Estuary, Brazil. Toxicity tests were performed to compare a well-established, labor-intensive protocol using ovigerous females to a new, easier and faster protocol using nauplii of the epibenthic marine copepod Tisbe biminiensis. The endpoints of the nauplii toxicity test were comparable to those of the female test. Nauplii proved to be more sensitive than females as a biological model for indicating sediment toxicity. All sediments collected had at least one contaminant above the threshold effects level (TEL) proposed in the literature. Furthermore, more than one-third of samples exhibited contaminants above the probable effects level (PEL). The PCA revealed that nauplii mortality was associated with metals in October 2014, which was confirmed by the Spearman correlation factor. In contrast, no strong association among contaminants and toxicological endpoints in May 2015 was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Glasner Régis
- Laboratório de Cultivo e Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50740-550, Brazil.
| | - Lília Pereira Souza-Santos
- Laboratório de Cultivo e Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50740-550, Brazil.
| | - Gilvan Takeshi Yogui
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-550 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Alex Souza Moraes
- Unidade Acadêmica Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rodovia Br-101 Sul 5225, Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Pernambuco 54510-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto França Schettini
- Laboratório de Hidrodinâmica Costeira, Departamento de Oceanografi, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-550, Brazil
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Baran A, Tarnawski M, Urbański K, Klimkowicz-Pawlas A, Spałek I. Concentration, sources and risk assessment of PAHs in bottom sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:23180-23195. [PMID: 28828716 PMCID: PMC5630654 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The aims of the study were to investigate the concentration, sources and ecological risk of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in bottom sediments collected from nine reservoirs located in south-eastern Poland. The concentration of ∑PAHs in sediments ranged from 150 to 33,900 μg kg-1. The total PAH concentration in the bottom sediments was arranged in the following order: Rybnik > Rzeszów > Brzóza Królewska > Brzóza Stadnicka > Besko > Chechło > Ożanna > Głuchów > Narożniki. BAP was the major compound in sediments from the Besko, Brzóza Stadnicka and Rzeszów reservoirs; FLT in the sediments from the Rybnik, Narożniki, Ożanna and Brzóza Królewska reservoirs; and FLN from the Głuchów and Chechło reservoirs. The major inputs of PAHs were of pyrolytic origin. However, petrogenic sources of PAHs occurred especially in the Chechło and Głuchów reservoirs. The ecological risk assessment indicated that non-adverse effects on the benthic fauna may occur for sediments from the Głuchów, Narozniki and Ożanna reservoirs, while slightly adverse effects were found for sediments from the Brzóza Królewska, Besko, Brzóza Stadnicka and Chechło reservoirs. The other sediments showed moderate (Rzeszów reservoirs) and strong effect (Rybnik reservoir) on biological communities. Individual PAHs such as NAP, PHE, FLT, PYR, BAA, CHR and BAP in sediments from the Rybnik reservoir and BAP in sediments from the Rzeszów reservoirs indicated a higher possibility of occurrence of an adverse ecological effect. PCA analysis found slight difference between the reservoirs in the profile of variable PAHs. Only the sediments from the Rybnik and Chechło reservoirs differ considerably from this grouping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Baran
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek Tarnawski
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Geotechnics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Urbański
- Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environment Engineering, Department of Environmental Management and Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Klimkowicz-Pawlas
- Department of Soil Science Erosion and Land Protection, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Iwona Spałek
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
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de Souza JRB, do Rosário Zucchi M, Costa AB, de Azevedo AEG, Spano S. Geochemical markers of sedimentary organic matter in Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia - Brazil. Indicators of sources and preservation. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 119:239-246. [PMID: 28457558 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural stable isotopes, such as carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), are modern tools to assess geochemical processes. C and N in organic matter can carry fingerprints of their hydrologic flows and sedimentary processes, including any anthropogenic modification on the natural system. This study focuses on the determination of aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and isotopic ratio in the sediment of Todos os Santos Bay (TSB). The isotopic results of the total organic matter indicate varied contribution marine and terrigenous. Typical rates of PAHs mainly indicate a pyrogenic source and mixture between pyrogenic and petrogenic sources. Typical ratios for the n-alkanes indicate the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons. The isotopic composition of n-alkanes suggests a mixture of sources, with the possible contribution of petrogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria do Rosário Zucchi
- Centro de Pesquisa em Geofísica e Geologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Barreto Costa
- Centro de Pesquisa em Geofísica e Geologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Saulo Spano
- Centro de Pesquisa em Geofísica e Geologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Dos Santos NM, do Nascimento CWA, Matschullat J, de Olinda RA. Assessment of the Spatial Distribution of Metal(Oid)s in Soils Around an Abandoned Pb-Smelter Plant. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 59:522-530. [PMID: 27826694 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-016-0796-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Todos os Santos (All Saints) Bay area, NE-Brazil, is known for one of the most important cases of urban lead (Pb) contamination in the world. The main objective of this work was to assess and interpret the spatial distribution of As, Cd, Hg, Pb, and Zn in "background" soils of this environmentally impacted bay area, using a combination of geostatistical and multivariate analytical methods to distinguish between natural and anthropogenic sources of those metal(oid)s in soils. We collected 114 topsoil samples (0.0-0.2 m depth) from 38 sites. The median values for trace metal concentrations in soils (mg kg-1) followed the order Pb (33.9) > Zn (8.8) > As (1.2) > Cd (0.2) > Hg (0.07), clearly reflecting a Pb-contamination issue. Principal component analysis linked Cd, Pb, and Zn to the same factor (F1), chiefly corroborating their anthropogenic origin; yet, both Pb and Zn are also influenced by natural lithogenic sources. Arsenic and Hg concentrations (F2) are likely related to the natural component alone; their parent material (igneous-metamorphic rocks) seemingly confirm this hypothesis. The heterogeneity of sources and the complexity of the spatial distribution of metals in large areas such as the Todos os Santos Bay warrant, the importance of multivariate and geostatistical analyses in the interpretation of environmental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nielson Machado Dos Santos
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Dom Manuel de Medeiros street, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | | | - Jörg Matschullat
- TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Interdisciplinary Environmental Research Centre, Brennhausgasse 14, Freiberg, 09599, Germany
| | - Ricardo Alves de Olinda
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Paraíba, Juvêncio Arruda street,-Campus Universitário-Bodocongó, Campina Grande, PB, 58109-790, Brazil
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Costa AB, de Souza JRB, Zucchi MDR, de Azevedo AEG, de Argollo RM. Characterization of organic matter in a sediment Core near the Mataripe refinery, Bahia-Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 105:411-415. [PMID: 26920428 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A sediment core was taken from the Todos os Santos Bay, near the Mataripe Bahia-Brazil refinery. The results of dating, (210)Pb and (137)Cs methods, combined with organic indicators, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), n-alkanes and total organic carbon (TOC), showed significant change with the start of production of the oil fields of Aratu, Itaparica and Dom João (1939-1947) and the construction of the Mataripe refinery (1949-1950). This event was marked by a series of significant changes, including an abrupt increase in TOC and the growth of PAH concentrations and the presence Unresolved/Resolved ratio (UR/R)>4 in n-alkanes fraction, which indicated that the contamination was of petrogenic origin. The δ(13)C of specific n-alkanes compounds showed gradual deplete with the depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Barreto Costa
- Centro de Pesquisa em Geofísica e Geologia, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Bispo de Souza
- Centro de Pesquisa em Geofísica e Geologia, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Maria do Rosário Zucchi
- Centro de Pesquisa em Geofísica e Geologia, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Max de Argollo
- Centro de Pesquisa em Geofísica e Geologia, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Santos EC, Celino JJ, Santos VLCS, Bispo De Souza JR. Source and distribution of organic matter in surface sediments from mangroves on the island of Itaparica, Bahia/Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2013; 185:9857-9869. [PMID: 23771233 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-013-3297-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Elemental analysis and isotopic composition evaluated the impact of human activity at the surface sediments in the largest island of Todos os Santos Bay, northeastern Brazil. Saturated hydrocarbons (n-alkanes and isoprenoids) by gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector and (13)C by mass spectrometer were determined from 30 surface sediment samples in mangroves at the Itaparica Island (Bahia-Brazil) in the rainy and dry season. These data, distribution, and ratio of carbon/nitrogen showed a mixture of sources: continental, marine, and anthropogenic ones. From the chromatographic profiles, light oil contamination was observed in the dry regions of Baiacu, Campinas, and Ponta Grossa, while in Jiribatuba it was observed during the rainy season. However, δ(13)C results during dry and rainy season in the presence of oil also showed in Misericordia and Cacha Prego districts for both periods and Ponta Grossa during the rainy season. Principal component analysis, using a correlation matrix, revealed the latent relationships among all the surface sediment stations investigated and confirmed our analytical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisângela Costa Santos
- Instituto de Geociências, Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Geremoabo, Campus Ondina, 40170-290, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil,
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Hatje V, Barros F. Overview of the 20th century impact of trace metal contamination in the estuaries of Todos os Santos Bay: past, present and future scenarios. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2012; 64:2603-2614. [PMID: 22841387 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper discusses the distribution patterns of trace metals in sediments and suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the three main estuaries of the Todos os Santos Bay (BTS), Brazil, during dry and rainy seasons. Data available up to 2012 was also reviewed to assess the status of contamination. For most elements, metal concentrations in sediments decreased from the tidal limits to the lower estuary. Metals in SPM presented more complex distributions along the salinity gradient. Metal variability between rainy and dry conditions was only significant for SPM data. Of the BTS estuaries, the levels of Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu are highest in the Subaé estuary, and they seem to be promoting harmful biological effects in macrofauna, and also may pose potential human health risks. Despite the evidence of important localized contamination, much of the data compiled indicates that the bay and its estuaries are still relatively preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Hatje
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Química, Instituto de Química, UFBA, Campus Ondina, Salvador, BA 40170-290, Brazil.
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