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Lim HS, Kim Y, Kang D, Lee M, Jo A, Lee JW. Fundamental Aspects of Enhancing Low-Temperature CO 2 Splitting to CO on a Double La 2NiFeO 6 Perovskite. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Suk Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-Ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yikyeom Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-Ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyung Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Minbeom Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-Ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayeong Jo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-Ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae W. Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-Ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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2
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Connecting Blue Economy and Economic Growth to Climate Change: Evidence from European Union Countries. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14154600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Blue Economy represents a new and interesting concept on a global level, both from the economic potential but also by the fact that it can be used to reduce environmental degradation. The main goal of this research is to identify the causality relations between the greenhouse gas emissions, the Blue Economy and economic growth based on a panel of annual data from the 28 countries that are members of the European Union (EU) over the 2009–2018 period. After applying stationarity and cointegration tests, the long term cointegration coefficients shall be determined with the help of the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) estimator. Granger causality estimation based on the vector error correction model (VECM) was applied to identify the causality relationship between the variables and to detect the direction of causality. Based on the identified causality relations, the Blue Economy has a significant influence on greenhouse gas emissions in the long run. Unidirectional causality relations were identified from the economic growth of greenhouse gas emissions in the long term, as well as from the greenhouse gas emissions on economic growth in the short term.
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3
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Galotti A, Jiménez-Gómez F, Parra G. Flow Cytometry Assessment of Microalgae Physiological Alterations under CO 2 Injection. Cytometry A 2020; 97:1136-1144. [PMID: 32427422 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Growth rate (GR), esterase activity (EA), membrane potential (MP), and DNA content were measured by flow cytometry to test if this powerful tool could be included in risk assessment and monitoring programs. This study tests a battery of endpoints that were measured on Scenedesmus (Acutodesmus) obliquus as model species, under high levels of injected CO2 to be proposed as biomarkers of effect. New technologies such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) bring positive consequences on CO2 mitigation strategies but also could have negative consequences if a CO2 leakage occurs during injection. Under this scenario, pH might drop down to 4 pH units around the pipe where the leakage happens. The study focus on to ascertain if the endpoints fulfill the requirements such as sensitiveness, be timely and cost-effective, be easy to measure and interpret, and be nondestructive, valuable attributes in effective biomarkers. CO2 injected at high levels significantly affects the EA, the membrane polarization, as well as GRs. However the DNA content did not shown a clear response under this condition. In conclusion, the GR, the EA, and the MP analyzed by flow cytometry fulfilled the attributes mentioned above and are proposed as biomarkers of effect in CCS monitoring programs. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Galotti
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.,Centre of Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco Jiménez-Gómez
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.,Centre of Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Gema Parra
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.,Centre of Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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4
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Gros J, Schmidt M, Dale AW, Linke P, Vielstädte L, Bigalke N, Haeckel M, Wallmann K, Sommer S. Simulating and Quantifying Multiple Natural Subsea CO 2 Seeps at Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands, Italy) as a Proxy for Potential Leakage from Subseabed Carbon Storage Sites. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:10258-10268. [PMID: 31432678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage (CCS) has been discussed as a potentially significant mitigation option for the ongoing climate warming. Natural CO2 release sites serve as natural laboratories to study subsea CO2 leakage in order to identify suitable analytical methods and numerical models to develop best-practice procedures for the monitoring of subseabed storage sites. We present a new model of bubble (plume) dynamics, advection-dispersion of dissolved CO2, and carbonate chemistry. The focus is on a medium-sized CO2 release from 294 identified small point sources around Panarea Island (South-East Tyrrhenian Sea, Aeolian Islands, Italy) in water depths of about 40-50 m. This study evaluates how multiple CO2 seep sites generate a temporally variable plume of dissolved CO2. The model also allows the overall flow rate of CO2 to be estimated based on field measurements of pH. Simulations indicate a release of ∼6900 t y-1 of CO2 for the investigated area and highlight an important role of seeps located at >20 m water depth in the carbon budget of the Panarea offshore gas release system. This new transport-reaction model provides a framework for understanding potential future leaks from CO2 storage sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Gros
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , RD2/Marine Geosystems Wischhofstrasse 1-3 , D-24148 Kiel , Germany
| | - Mark Schmidt
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , RD2/Marine Geosystems Wischhofstrasse 1-3 , D-24148 Kiel , Germany
| | - Andrew W Dale
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , RD2/Marine Geosystems Wischhofstrasse 1-3 , D-24148 Kiel , Germany
| | - Peter Linke
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , RD2/Marine Geosystems Wischhofstrasse 1-3 , D-24148 Kiel , Germany
| | - Lisa Vielstädte
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , RD2/Marine Geosystems Wischhofstrasse 1-3 , D-24148 Kiel , Germany
| | - Nikolaus Bigalke
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , RD2/Marine Geosystems Wischhofstrasse 1-3 , D-24148 Kiel , Germany
| | - Matthias Haeckel
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , RD2/Marine Geosystems Wischhofstrasse 1-3 , D-24148 Kiel , Germany
| | - Klaus Wallmann
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , RD2/Marine Geosystems Wischhofstrasse 1-3 , D-24148 Kiel , Germany
| | - Stefan Sommer
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel , RD2/Marine Geosystems Wischhofstrasse 1-3 , D-24148 Kiel , Germany
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5
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Sun L, Ruan J, Lu M, Chen M, Dai Z, Zuo Z. Combined effects of ocean acidification and crude oil pollution on tissue damage and lipid metabolism in embryo-larval development of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:1847-1860. [PMID: 30066097 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) and crude oil pollution have been highlighted as some of the most pervasive anthropogenic influences on the ocean.In marine teleosts, early life-history stages are particularly vulnerable to disturbance by CO2-driven acidification as they lack pH-mediated intracellular regulation. Embryos exposed to trace levels of crude oil constituents dissolved in water exhibit a common syndrome of developmental abnormalities. So far, little is known about the combined effects of OA and crude oil on the early life history of marine fish. Eggs and larvae of the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) were treated with CO2 (1080 μatm atmospheric CO2), the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of crude oil (500 μg/L) and a CO2 (1080 μatm atmospheric CO2)/WSF (500 μg/L) mixture within 4 h after oviposition. Isolated and combined OA/WSF had no detectable effect on embryonic duration, egg survival rate and size at hatching. Histopathological anomalies of tissue and lipid metabolic disorder were significant when CO2 or WSF was given alone at 30 days of age. Combination of CO2 and WSF enhanced their toxicity compared to their separate administration. Since the early life-history stage of marine fish is thought to be impacted more heavily by increasing CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) levels and crude oil pollution, OA and crude oil pollution have the potential to act as an additional source of natural mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinpeng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Mengchao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Meng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhongliang Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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6
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Yu T, Chen Y. Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on environmental microbes and its mechanisms: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 655:865-879. [PMID: 30481713 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Before the industrial revolution, the atmospheric CO2 concentration was 180-330 ppm; however, fossil-fuel combustion and forest destruction have led to increased atmospheric CO2 concentration. CO2 capture and storage is regarded as a promising strategy to prevent global warming and ocean acidification and to alleviate elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration, but the leakage of CO2 from storage system can lead to rapid acidification of the surrounding circumstance, which might cause negative influence on environmental microbes. The effects of elevated CO2 on microbes have been reported extensively, but the review regarding CO2 affecting different environmental microorganisms has never been done previously. Also, the mechanisms of CO2 affecting environmental microorganisms are usually contributed to the change of pH values, while the direct influences of CO2 on microorganisms were often neglected. This paper aimed to provide a systematic review of elevated CO2 affecting environmental microbes and its mechanisms. Firstly, the influences of elevated CO2 and potential leakage of CO2 from storage sites on community structures and diversity of different surrounding environmental microbes were assessed and compared. Secondly, the adverse impacts of CO2 on microbial growth, cell morphology and membranes, bacterial spores, and microbial metabolism were introduced. Then, based on biochemical principles and knowledge of microbiology and molecular biology, the fundamental mechanisms of the influences of carbon dioxide on environmental microbes were discussed from the aspects of enzyme activity, electron generation and transfer, and key gene and protein expressions. Finally, key questions relevant to the environmental effect of CO2 that need to be answered in the future were addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yinguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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7
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Molari M, Guilini K, Lins L, Ramette A, Vanreusel A. CO 2 leakage can cause loss of benthic biodiversity in submarine sands. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 144:213-229. [PMID: 30709637 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the options to mitigate atmospheric CO2 increase is CO2 Capture and Storage in sub-seabed geological formations. Since predicting long-term storage security is difficult, different CO2 leakage scenarios and impacts on marine ecosystems require evaluation. Submarine CO2 vents may serve as natural analogues and allow studying the effects of CO2 leakage in a holistic approach. At the study site east of Basiluzzo Islet off Panarea Island (Italy), gas emissions (90-99% CO2) occur at moderate flows (80-120 L m-2 h-1). We investigated the effects of acidified porewater conditions (pHT range: 5.5-7.7) on the diversity of benthic bacteria and invertebrates by sampling natural sediments in three subsequent years and by performing a transplantation experiment with a duration of one year, respectively. Both multiple years and one year of exposure to acidified porewater conditions reduced the number of benthic bacterial operational taxonomic units and invertebrate species diversity by 30-80%. Reduced biodiversity at the vent sites increased the temporal variability in bacterial and nematode community biomass, abundance and composition. While the release from CO2 exposure resulted in a full recovery of nematode species diversity within one year, bacterial diversity remained affected. Overall our findings showed that seawater acidification, induced by seafloor CO2 emissions, was responsible for loss of diversity across different size-classes of benthic organisms, which reduced community stability with potential relapses on ecosystem resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Molari
- HGF-MPG Group for Deep Sea Ecology and Technology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Germany.
| | - Katja Guilini
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lidia Lins
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alban Ramette
- HGF-MPG Group for Deep Sea Ecology and Technology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Germany
| | - Ann Vanreusel
- Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Amaro T, Bertocci I, Queiros AM, Rastelli E, Borgersen G, Brkljacic M, Nunes J, Sorensen K, Danovaro R, Widdicombe S. Effects of sub-seabed CO 2 leakage: Short- and medium-term responses of benthic macrofaunal assemblages. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 128:519-526. [PMID: 29571404 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The continued rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels is driving climate change and temperature shifts at a global scale. CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies have been suggested as a feasible option for reducing CO2 emissions and mitigating their effects. However, before CCS can be employed at an industrial scale, any environmental risks associated with this activity should be identified and quantified. Significant leakage of CO2 from CCS reservoirs and pipelines is considered to be unlikely, however direct and/or indirect effects of CO2 leakage on marine life and ecosystem functioning must be assessed, with particular consideration given to spatial (e.g. distance from the source) and temporal (e.g. duration) scales at which leakage impacts could occur. In the current mesocosm experiment we tested the potential effects of CO2 leakage on macrobenthic assemblages by exposing infaunal sediment communities to different levels of CO2 concentration (400, 1000, 2000, 10,000 and 20,000 ppm CO2), simulating a gradient of distance from a hypothetic leakage, over short-term (a few weeks) and medium-term (several months). A significant impact on community structure, abundance and species richness of macrofauna was observed in the short-term exposure. Individual taxa showed idiosyncratic responses to acidification. We conclude that the main impact of CO2 leakage on macrofaunal assemblages occurs almost exclusively at the higher CO2 concentration and over short time periods, tending to fade and disappear at increasing distance and exposure time. Although under the cautious perspective required by the possible context-dependency of the present findings, this study contributes to the cost-benefit analysis (environmental risk versus the achievement of the intended objectives) of CCS strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Amaro
- Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), 710 03 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy.
| | - I Bertocci
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
| | - A M Queiros
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, PL1 3DH, Plymouth, UK
| | - E Rastelli
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - G Borgersen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - M Brkljacic
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Nunes
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, PL1 3DH, Plymouth, UK
| | - K Sorensen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - R Danovaro
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Widdicombe
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, PL1 3DH, Plymouth, UK
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Sokołowski A, Brulińska D, Mirny Z, Burska D, Pryputniewicz-Flis D. Differing responses of the estuarine bivalve Limecola balthica to lowered water pH caused by potential CO 2 leaks from a sub-seabed storage site in the Baltic Sea: An experimental study. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 127:761-773. [PMID: 28987450 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sub-Seabed CCS is regarded as a key technology for the reduction of CO2 emissions, but little is known about the mechanisms through which leakages from storage sites impact benthic species. In this study, the biological responses of the infaunal bivalve Limecola balthica to CO2-induced seawater acidification (pH7.7, 7.0, and 6.3) were quantified in 56-day mesocosm experiments. Increased water acidity caused changes in behavioral and physiological traits, but even the most acidic conditions did not prove to be fatal. In response to hypercapnia, the bivalves approached the sediment surface and increased respiration rates. Lower seawater pH reduced shell weight and growth, while it simultaneously increased soft tissue weight; this places L. balthica in a somewhat unique position among marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Sokołowski
- University of Gdańsk, Institute of Oceanography, Al. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Dominika Brulińska
- University of Gdańsk, Institute of Oceanography, Al. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Mirny
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, ul. Kołłątaja 1, 81-332 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Dorota Burska
- University of Gdańsk, Institute of Oceanography, Al. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
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Goulding TA, De Orte MR, Szalaj D, Basallote MD, DelValls TA, Cesar A. Assessment of the environmental impacts of ocean acidification (OA) and carbon capture and storage (CCS) leaks using the amphipod Hyale youngi. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:521-533. [PMID: 28315979 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1783-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to ascertain the effects of CO2 induced water acidification and leaks from Carbon Capture and Storage activities on the South American amphipod Hyale youngi. A 10-day acute toxicity test was performed using sediments from two sites located inside the Santos Estuarine System. They were subjected to five pH treatments (8.1, 7.6, 7.0, 6.5, and 6.0). Metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni and Zn) and the metalloid As were analyzed to determine the influence of their acidification-related mobility on the amphipods mortality. The results showed that mortality becomes significant when compared to control in pH 6.5 in the Canal de Piaçaguera sediment (contaminated) and at pH 6.0 in Ilha das Palmas sediment (reference).
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Goulding
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, UNESCO/UNITWIN Wicop, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - M R De Orte
- Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Campus Baixada Santista, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Av. Alm. Saldanha da Gama, 89-Ponta da Praia/SP CEP:11030-400, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - D Szalaj
- Faculdade de Ciências, Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M D Basallote
- Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Campus Baixada Santista, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Av. Alm. Saldanha da Gama, 89-Ponta da Praia/SP CEP:11030-400, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - T A DelValls
- Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, UNESCO/UNITWIN Wicop, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510, Cádiz, Spain
| | - A Cesar
- Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Instituto do Mar, Campus Baixada Santista, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Av. Alm. Saldanha da Gama, 89-Ponta da Praia/SP CEP:11030-400, Santos, SP, Brazil
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11
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Rastelli E, Corinaldesi C, Dell'Anno A, Amaro T, Greco S, Lo Martire M, Carugati L, Queirós AM, Widdicombe S, Danovaro R. CO 2 leakage from carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) systems affects organic matter cycling in surface marine sediments. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 122:158-168. [PMID: 27816195 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS), involving the injection of CO2 into the sub-seabed, is being promoted worldwide as a feasible option for reducing the anthropogenic CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. However, the effects on the marine ecosystems of potential CO2 leakages originating from these storage sites have only recently received scientific attention, and little information is available on the possible impacts of the resulting CO2-enriched seawater plumes on the surrounding benthic ecosystem. In the present study, we conducted a 20-weeks mesocosm experiment exposing coastal sediments to CO2-enriched seawater (at 5000 or 20,000 ppm), to test the effects on the microbial enzymatic activities responsible for the decomposition and turnover of the sedimentary organic matter in surface sediments down to 15 cm depth. Our results indicate that the exposure to high-CO2 concentrations reduced significantly the enzymatic activities in the top 5 cm of sediments, but had no effects on subsurface sediment horizons (from 5 to 15 cm depth). In the surface sediments, both 5000 and 20,000 ppm CO2 treatments determined a progressive decrease over time in the protein degradation (up to 80%). Conversely, the degradation rates of carbohydrates and organic phosphorous remained unaltered in the first 2 weeks, but decreased significantly (up to 50%) in the longer term when exposed at 20,000 ppm of CO2. Such effects were associated with a significant change in the composition of the biopolymeric carbon (due to the accumulation of proteins over time in sediments exposed to high-pCO2 treatments), and a significant decrease (∼20-50% at 5000 and 20,000 ppm respectively) in nitrogen regeneration. We conclude that in areas immediately surrounding an active and long-lasting leak of CO2 from CCS reservoirs, organic matter cycling would be significantly impacted in the surface sediment layers. The evidence of negligible impacts on the deeper sediments should be considered with caution and further investigated simulating the intrusion of CO2 from a subsurface source, as occurring during real CO2 leakages from CCS sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Rastelli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Cinzia Corinaldesi
- Department of Sciences and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urbanistics, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Antonio Dell'Anno
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Teresa Amaro
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, 80121, Italy; Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Regional Office Bergen, Bergen, N-5006, Norway
| | - Silvestro Greco
- Istituto Superiore per la Ricerca Ambientale, ISPRA, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Lo Martire
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy; Ecoreach srl, Corso Stamira 61, 60122, Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Carugati
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00197, Roma, Italy
| | - Ana M Queirós
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3 DH, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Widdicombe
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3 DH, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Danovaro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, 80121, Italy.
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Lessin G, Artioli Y, Queirós AM, Widdicombe S, Blackford JC. Modelling impacts and recovery in benthic communities exposed to localised high CO2. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 109:267-280. [PMID: 27289279 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Regulations pertaining to carbon dioxide capture with offshore storage (CCS) require an understanding of the potential localised environmental impacts and demonstrably suitable monitoring practices. This study uses a marine ecosystem model to examine a comprehensive range of hypothetical CO2 leakage scenarios, quantifying both impact and recovery time within the benthic system. Whilst significant mortalities and long recovery times were projected for the larger and longer term scenarios, shorter-term or low level exposures lead to reduced projected impacts. This suggests that efficient monitoring and leak mitigation strategies, coupled with appropriate selection of storage sites can effectively limit concerns regarding localised environmental impacts from CCS. The feedbacks and interactions between physiological and ecological responses simulated reveal that benthic responses to CO2 leakage could be complex. This type of modelling investigation can aid the understanding of impact potential, the role of benthic community recovery and inform the design of baseline and monitoring surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennadi Lessin
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom
| | - Yuri Artioli
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom
| | - Ana M Queirós
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Widdicombe
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom
| | - Jerry C Blackford
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom
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Parra G, Galotti A, Jiménez-Melero R, Guerrero F, Sánchez-Moyano E, Jiménez-Gómez F, Conradi M. Effects of experimental long-term CO2 exposure on Daphnia magna (Straus 1820): From physiological effects to ecological consequences. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 156:272-279. [PMID: 27179245 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies that were proposed to mitigate environmental problems arising from anthropogenic CO2 emissions, also have potential environmental risks. An eventual CCS leak might induce very low pH values in the aquatic system. Due to the lack of knowledge of long-term CO2 exposures with very low pH values, this study aims to know the effects and consequences of such a situation for zooplankton, using the Daphnia magna experimental model. A CO2 injection system was used to provide the experimental condition. A twenty-one days experiment with control and low pH treatment (pH = 7) replicates was carried out under light and temperature-controlled conditions. Survival, individual growth, RNA:DNA ratio, and neonates production were analysed during the aforementioned period. No differences on survival (except last day), individual growth and RNA:DNA ratio were observed between both control and low pH treatments. However, clear differences were detected in neonates production and, consequently, in population growth rates and secondary production. The observed differences could be related with an energy allocation strategy to ensure individual survival but would have ecological consequences affecting higher trophic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Parra
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Centre of Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, University of Jaén, Spain.
| | - Andréa Galotti
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Centre of Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, University of Jaén, Spain
| | - Raquel Jiménez-Melero
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Centre of Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, University of Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco Guerrero
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Centre of Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, University of Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Jiménez-Gómez
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Centre of Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, University of Jaén, Spain
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Rodríguez-Romero A, Jiménez-Tenorio N, Riba I, Blasco J. Laboratory simulation system, using Carcinus maenas as the model organism, for assessing the impact of CO2 leakage from sub-seabed injection and storage. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 144:117-129. [PMID: 26599590 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The capture and storage of CO2 in sub-seabed geological formations has been proposed as one of the potential options to decrease atmospheric CO2 concentrations in order to mitigate the abrupt and irreversible consequences of climate change. However, it is possible that CO2 leakages could occur during the injection and sequestration procedure, with significant repercussions for the marine environment. We investigate the effects of acidification derived from possible CO2 leakage events on the European green crab, Carcinus maenas. To this end, a lab-scale experiment involving direct release of CO2 was conducted at pH values between 7.7 and 6.15. Female crabs were exposed for 10 days to sediment collected from two different coastal areas, one with relatively uncontaminated sediment (RSP) and the other with known contaminated sediment (MZ and ML), under the pre-established seawater pH conditions. Survival rate, histopathological damage and metal (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb) and As accumulation in gills and hepatopancreas tissue were employed as endpoints. In addition, the obtained results were compared with the results of the physico-chemical characterization of the sediments, which included the determination of the metals Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb and Cd, the metalloid As, certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), as well as nonchemical sediment properties (grain size, organic carbon and total organic matter). Significant associations were observed between pH and the histological damage. Concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cr, Pb, Cd and PAHs in sediment, presented significant negative correlations with the damage to gills and hepatopancreas, and positive correlations with metal accumulation in both tissues. The results obtained in this study reveal the importance of sediment properties in the biological effects caused by possible CO2 leakage. However, a clear pattern was not observed between metal accumulation in tissues and pH reduction. Animals' avoidance behavior and degree of tolerance to acidification are confounding factors for assessing metal bioaccumulation. Further research is required to find a suitable assay that would allow us to predict the risk to environmental health of possible negative side effects of metal mobility derived from CO2 leakage during its injection and storage in sub-seabed formations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Rodríguez-Romero
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Costera, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Natalia Jiménez-Tenorio
- Cátedra UNESCO/UNITWIN/WiCop, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Riba
- Cátedra UNESCO/UNITWIN/WiCop, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Julián Blasco
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Costera, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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Bamber SD, Westerlund S. Behavioral responses of brown shrimp (Crangon crangon) to reduced seawater pH following simulated leakages from sub-sea geological storage of CO2. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2016; 79:526-537. [PMID: 27484135 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1171979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale storage of CO2 within sub-sea geological formations is a viable option for reducing the volume of this greenhouse gas released directly to the atmosphere from anthropogenic activities. Risks to benthic marine life following possible leakage of gas through the seabed from this carbon capture and storage (CCS) initiative are not yet well established. This study examined behavior (activity patterns) in brown shrimp (Crangon crangon), exposed to a range of reduced seawater pH conditions (7.6, 7, or 6.5) simulating leakage scenarios of varying scales. Brown shrimp have an endogenous rhythmicity associated with their activity, which dictates they are most active during hours of darkness, presumably as protection against vision-dependent predators. This endogenous rhythm in activity continues to be expressed when shrimp are held under constant low-light conditions in the lab and provides an ecologically relevant endpoint to measure when examining the influence of reduced pH on the behavior of these animals. No marked differences in activity pattern were observed between control shrimp maintained at pH 8.1 and those at pH 7.6. However, changes in activity were evident at pH 7 and pH 6.5, where significant shifts in timing and intensity of activity occurred. There was an unexpected increase in activity within periods of expected light, probably signaling efforts by shrimp to migrate away from reduced seawater pH conditions. The loss of this important member of the benthic community due to migration may have important consequences for many of the resilient species that remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaw D Bamber
- a International Research Institute of Stavanger , Environment Department , Mekjarvik , Randaberg , Norway
| | - Stig Westerlund
- a International Research Institute of Stavanger , Environment Department , Mekjarvik , Randaberg , Norway
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Rastelli E, Corinaldesi C, Dell'Anno A, Amaro T, Queirós AM, Widdicombe S, Danovaro R. Impact of CO2 leakage from sub-seabed carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) reservoirs on benthic virus-prokaryote interactions and functions. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:935. [PMID: 26441872 PMCID: PMC4561362 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Atmospheric CO2 emissions are a global concern due to their predicted impact on biodiversity, ecosystems functioning, and human life. Among the proposed mitigation strategies, CO2 capture and storage, primarily the injection of CO2 into marine deep geological formations has been suggested as a technically practical option for reducing emissions. However, concerns have been raised that possible leakage from such storage sites, and the associated elevated levels of pCO2 could locally impact the biodiversity and biogeochemical processes in the sediments above these reservoirs. Whilst a number of impact assessment studies have been conducted, no information is available on the specific responses of viruses and virus–host interactions. In the present study, we tested the impact of a simulated CO2 leakage on the benthic microbial assemblages, with specific focus on microbial activity and virus-induced prokaryotic mortality (VIPM). We found that exposure to levels of CO2 in the overlying seawater from 1,000 to 20,000 ppm for a period up to 140 days, resulted in a marked decrease in heterotrophic carbon production and organic matter degradation rates in the sediments, associated with lower rates of VIPM, and a progressive accumulation of sedimentary organic matter with increasing CO2 concentrations. These results suggest that the increase in seawater pCO2 levels that may result from CO2 leakage, can severely reduce the rates of microbial-mediated recycling of the sedimentary organic matter and viral infections, with major consequences on C cycling and nutrient regeneration, and hence on the functioning of benthic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Rastelli
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona Italy ; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples Italy
| | - Cinzia Corinaldesi
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona Italy
| | - Antonio Dell'Anno
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona Italy
| | - Teresa Amaro
- Hellenic Center for Marine Research, Heraklion Greece ; Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Bergen Norway
| | | | | | - Roberto Danovaro
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona Italy ; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples Italy
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