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Kumar V, Sharma N, Umesh M, Sharma R, Sharma M, Sharma D, Sharma M, Sondhi S, Thomas J, Kumar D, Kansal L, Jha NK. Commercialization potential of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) recycled nanomaterials: A review on validation parameters. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141453. [PMID: 38364916 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) is a polymer which is considered as one of the major contaminants to the environment. The PET waste materials can be recycled to produce value-added products. PET can be converted to nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanocomposites, and nano coatings. To extend the applications of PET nanomaterials, understanding its commercialization potential is important. In addition, knowledge about the factors affecting recycling of PET based nanomaterials is essential. The presented review is focused on understanding the PET commercialization aspects, keeping in mind market analysis, growth drivers, regulatory affairs, safety considerations, issues associated with scale-up, manufacturing challenges, economic viability, and cost-effectiveness. In addition, the paper elaborates the challenges associated with the use of PET based nanomaterials. These challenges include PET contamination to water, soil, sediments, and human exposure to PET nanomaterials. Moreover, the paper discusses in detail about the factors affecting PET recycling, commercialization, and circular economy with specific emphasis on life cycle assessment (LCA) of PET recycled nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar
- Bioconversion and Tissue Engineering (BITE) Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Thandalam, 602105, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Thandalam, 602105, India
| | - Mridul Umesh
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India.
| | - Roopali Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh College of Technology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, 140307, Punjab, India
| | - Munish Sharma
- Department of Plant Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur Campus, 176206, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh College of Technology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, 140307, Punjab, India
| | - Munish Sharma
- Department of Plant Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur Campus, 176206, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sonica Sondhi
- Haryana State Pollution Control Board, C-11, Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Jithin Thomas
- Department of Biotechnology, Mar Athanasius College, Kerala, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology-UIBT, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India
| | - Lavish Kansal
- School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Centre for Research Impact and Outcomes, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
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2
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Andriolo U, Gonçalves G. The octopus pot on the North Atlantic Iberian coast: A plague of plastic on beaches and dunes. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:115099. [PMID: 37267867 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This baseline focuses on the octopus pot, a litter item found on the North Atlantic Iberian coast. Octopus pots are deployed from vessels in ropes, with several hundred units, and placed on the seabed, to capture mostly Octopus Vulgaris. The loss of gears due to extreme seas state, bad weather and/or fishing-related unforeseen circumstances, cause the octopus pots contaminating beaches and dunes, where they are transported by sea current, waves and wind actions. This work i) gives an overview of the use of octopus pot on fisheries, ii) analyses the spatial distribution of this item on the coast, and iii) discusses the potential measures for tackling the octopus pot plague on the North Atlantic Iberian coast. Overall, it is urgent to promote conducive policies and strategies for a sustainable waste management of octopus pots, based on Reduce, Reuse and Recycle hierarchical framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Andriolo
- INESC Coimbra, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polo 2, 3030 - 290 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Gil Gonçalves
- INESC Coimbra, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polo 2, 3030 - 290 Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Department of Mathematics, Coimbra, Portugal.
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3
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Zamuz S, Bohrer BM, Shariati MA, Rebezov M, Kumar M, Pateiro M, Lorenzo JM. Assessing the quality of octopus: From sea to table. FOOD FRONTIERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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4
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Buhl-Mortensen L, Houssa R, Weerakoon WRWMAP, Kainge P, Olsen MN, Faye S, Wagne MM, Myo Thwe S, Cudjoe Voado G, Grøsvik BE. Litter on the seafloor along the African coast and in the Bay of Bengal based on trawl bycatches from 2011 to 2020. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 184:114094. [PMID: 36166859 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We present the occurrence of seafloor litter on the coast of Africa and in the Bay of Bengal based on records from the EAF-NANSEN Programme in 2011 to 2020. Litter bycatch records from 534 bottom trawls were standardized to km2 before analysis. Three percent of the records indicated areas of high littering and the highest densities occurred from 100 to 300 m in depth and 50 to 100 km from the coast. Littering was lower in the Indian Ocean compared to Atlantic Africa. Plastic objects and fishing gear dominated the recorded items (47 % and 22 % respectively) but, regional differences were pronounced. Plastic dominated North Atlantic and East African records (58 % and 80 % respectively) and fishing gear dominated (69 %) in South Atlantic Africa while records from the Bay of Bengal were a mix of categories. The relation between littering and population density, marine industry, major cities, and rivers is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Buhl-Mortensen
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
| | - R Houssa
- Institut National de Recherche Halieutique, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - W R W M A P Weerakoon
- National Institute of Oceanography and Marine Sciences (NIOMS), National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency (NARA), Colombo 15, Sri Lanka
| | - P Kainge
- National Marine Information and Research Centre (NatMIRC), Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Swakopmund, Namibia
| | - M N Olsen
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - S Faye
- Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar LPAO-SF, Senegal
| | - M M Wagne
- Institut Mauritanien de Recherches Océanographiques et de Pêches (IMROP), BP 22, Nouadhibou, Mauritanie; Unité Écobiologie Marine, Environnement, Santé et Nutrition (EBIOMESN), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Nouakchott Al Aasriya, BP 880, Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | - S Myo Thwe
- Analytical Laboratory Unit, Department of Fisheries, ShuuKhin Thar Road, Tharketa Township, Yangon Region, Yangon, P.O. Box 11231, Myanmar
| | - G Cudjoe Voado
- Environmental Protection Agency, Human Settlement Unit, P.O. Box MB 326, 91 Starlet Street Ministries, Accra, Ghana
| | - B E Grøsvik
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway
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5
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Meyerjürgens J, Schöneich-Argent RI, Badewien TH. An exploratory analysis of seabed litter dynamics in the SE German Bight. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 177:113515. [PMID: 35278906 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of marine litter on coastal seabeds is influenced by various anthropogenic and environmental factors. To identify litter accumulation areas on the seafloor, it is necessary to understand the interaction of these parameters. This study analyses the seafloor litter occurrence in the southeastern North Sea, based on samples collected between October 2017 and March 2019. Litter data were combined with hydrographic, high-resolution in situ measurements and further geographic as well as anthropogenic factors for statistical analyses. Benthic litter showed a mean density of 2473 ± 3116 items km-2, and plastics consisting mainly of fisheries-related items represented the majority of identified objects. The statistical analyses suggest that salinity and temperature gradients, the meridional bottom currents, as well as the distance of the station to the coastline have a significant effect on benthic litter abundance. Direct combination of litter sampling and hydrographic measurements can improve the understanding of seabed litter dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Meyerjürgens
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), ICBM Wilhelmshaven, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany.
| | - Rosanna Isabel Schöneich-Argent
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), ICBM Wilhelmshaven, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany; Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland (BUND) e.V. - Friends of the Earth Germany, Landesverband Niedersachsen e.V., Postfach 1106, 30011 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas H Badewien
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), ICBM Wilhelmshaven, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
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6
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Freitas TBN, Leite TS, de Ramos B, di Cosmo A, Proietti MC. In an octopus's garden in the shade: Underwater image analysis of litter use by benthic octopuses. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113339. [PMID: 35093780 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Benthic octopuses have been widely documented in artificial shelters for decades, and this use is apparently increasing. Despite any possible positive effects, the use of litter as shelter could have negative implications. In this work, we aimed to elucidate the interactions of octopuses with marine litter, identifying types of interactions and affected species and regions. To achieve this, we obtained 261 underwater images from 'citizen science' records, and identified 8 genera and 24 species of benthic octopuses interacting with litter. Glass objects were present in 41.6% of interactions, and plastic in 24.7%. Asia presented the highest number of images, and most records were from 2018 to 2021. Citizen science provided important evidence on octopus/marine litter interactions, highlighting its value and the need for more investigations on the subject. This information is fundamental to help prevent and mitigate the impacts of litter on octopuses, and identify knowledge gaps that require attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainah B N Freitas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia Biológica and Projeto Lixo Marinho, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Avenida Itália Km 08, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana S Leite
- Laboratório de Métodos de Estudos Subaquáticos e Cefalópodes, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Bruna de Ramos
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Anna di Cosmo
- Department of Biology, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant' Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Maíra C Proietti
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia Biológica and Projeto Lixo Marinho, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Avenida Itália Km 08, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Dhaka V, Singh S, Anil AG, Sunil Kumar Naik TS, Garg S, Samuel J, Kumar M, Ramamurthy PC, Singh J. Occurrence, toxicity and remediation of polyethylene terephthalate plastics. A review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2022; 20:1777-1800. [PMID: 35039752 PMCID: PMC8755403 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-021-01384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate is a common plastic in many products such as viscose rayon for clothing, and packaging material in the food and beverage industries. Polyethylene terephthalate has beneficial properties such as light weight, high tensile strength, transparency and gas barrier. Nonetheless, there is actually increasing concern about plastic pollution and toxicity. Here we review the properties, occurrence, toxicity, remediation and analysis of polyethylene terephthalate as macroplastic, mesoplastic, microplastic and nanoplastic. Polyethylene terephthalate occurs in groundwater, drinking water, soils and sediments. Plastic uptake by humans induces diseases such as reducing migration and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells of bone marrow and endothelial progenitor cells. Polyethylene terephthalate can be degraded by physical, chemical and biological methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Dhaka
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411 India
| | - Simranjeet Singh
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012 India
| | - Amith G. Anil
- Department of Material Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012 India
| | - T. S. Sunil Kumar Naik
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012 India
| | - Shashank Garg
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411 India
| | - Jastin Samuel
- Waste Valorization Research Lab, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411 India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835205 India
| | - Praveen C. Ramamurthy
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012 India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411 India
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8
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Maaghloud H, Houssa R, Bellali F, El Bouqdaoui K, Ouansafi S, Loulad S, Fahde A. Microplastic ingestion by Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) in the North and central Moroccan Atlantic coast between Larache (35°30'N) and Boujdour (26°30'N). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117781. [PMID: 34280740 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Horse mackerel is a semi-pelagic species found in abundance in the Moroccan coasts and occupies the first ranks in the catches landed by the coastal fleet. In this study, we investigated the ingestion of Polyamide, Acrylic and Polystyrene by Atlantic horse mackerel, in the Moroccan Atlantic coastal area located between Larache (35°30'N) and Boujdour (26°30'N). The objective is to map the spatial distribution of horse Mackerel containing microplastics (MPs) in their stomachs and identify hot spot areas. We also aim to verify the most ingested polymer by this fish characterized by significant daily vertical migrations. The results show that the three studied polymers were detected in the stomach contents of more than 73% of studied fishes. The hot spot areas are located more in the northern part where urbanization and fishing activity are important. Polyamide, the densest polymer, is the most abundant (86% of cases), followed by acrylic. These two polymers were found in association in 47% of cases. No correlation between the presence of MPs in the stomach contents and the size of the individual fishes was noted. Interestingly, the group of mature specimens ingested more MPs than the immature group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind Maaghloud
- University Hassan II, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Department of Biology, Health and Environment Laboratory, Casablanca, Morocco; National Institute of Fisheries Research, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - Rachida Houssa
- National Institute of Fisheries Research, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Fatima Bellali
- University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Beni Mellal, Department of Biology, Biological Engineering Laboratory, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Karima El Bouqdaoui
- University Hassan II, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Department of Biology, Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Laboratory, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Soukaina Ouansafi
- University Hassan II, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Department of Biology, Health and Environment Laboratory, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Safia Loulad
- University Hassan II, Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Geosciences, Department of Geology, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdelilah Fahde
- University Hassan II, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Department of Biology, Health and Environment Laboratory, Casablanca, Morocco
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Selvam K, Xavier KAM, Shivakrishna A, Bhutia TP, Kamat S, Shenoy L. Abundance, composition and sources of marine debris trawled-up in the fishing grounds along the north-east Arabian coast. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 751:141771. [PMID: 32898746 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The pollution due to marine debris is a serious environmental threat in many parts of the world. The abundance of marine debris, composition and its distribution over the seafloor along north-east coast of Arabian coast was studied through trawl based swept method. Experimental fishing was conducted fortnightly using shrimp bottom trawl and collected debris was categorized as per standard protocols. A total of 1077 pieces of debris (11.7 kg dry weight) were collected from 25 hauls. The average number and weight of debris were 943 items/km2 and 10.2 kg/km2 respectively. The estimated total marine debris along this coast was 379 t (dry weight). Plastic-based debris contributed maximum (87.1%) to the total debris collected in numbers and among this, plastic bags and food wrappers were dominant. Debris produced by shoreline/recreational activities comprised the major source of debris (88.6%) along this coast. This study provides the evidence that the effective use of available fishing trawlers and co-management practices ("Make fishers friend") can help to remove the seabed debris. The base data generated through this study would facilitate region-based effective control and management of plastic debris pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesavan Selvam
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - K A Martin Xavier
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India.
| | - Avadootha Shivakrishna
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Tenji Pem Bhutia
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Satish Kamat
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Latha Shenoy
- Fisheries Resource Harvest and Post-harvest Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400061, India
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10
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Maaghloud H, Houssa R, Ouansafi S, Bellali F, El Bouqdaoui K, Charouki N, Fahde A. Ingestion of microplastics by pelagic fish from the Moroccan Central Atlantic coast. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 261:114194. [PMID: 32113106 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As in the rest of the world, plastics are the most dominant marine litter category in Moroccan Atlantic waters. This work aims to identify the presence of microplastics in the stomach contents of three small pelagic species of the Central zone of the Atlantic, located between Cape Cantin (33°N) and Cape Boujdor (26°N): Scomber spp., Truchurus truchurus and Sardina pilchardus; Also, to map the spatial distribution of the investigated species. A total of 251 individuals were examined, composed by 118 Scomber spp, 82 Sardina pilchardus and 51 Trachurus trachurus. The characterization of microplastics ingested by those species was identified by FTIR. The results showed the presence of three polymers: Polyamide (PA), Acrylic (PC) and Polystyrene (PS), in 26% of the individuals studied. The presence of polymers was accumulated in Atlantic horse mackerel (Truchurus truchurus) with 30%, then in mackerels (Scomber spp.) with 27%, and European pilchardus (Sardina pilchardus) (9%). Fish containing microplastics in their stomachs are concentrated, mainly in the northern part of the study area. This zone has significant artisanal fishing activity and large rivers that can be source of microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind Maaghloud
- University Hassan II, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Department of Biology, Health and Environment Laboratory, Casablanca, Morocco; National Institute of Fisheries Research, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - Rachida Houssa
- National Institute of Fisheries Research, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Soukaina Ouansafi
- University Hassan II, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Department of Biology, Health and Environment Laboratory, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Fatima Bellali
- University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Beni Mellal, Department of Biology, Biological Engineering Laboratory, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Karima El Bouqdaoui
- University Hassan II, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Department of Biology, Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Laboratory, Casablanca. Morocco
| | - Najib Charouki
- National Institute of Fisheries Research, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdelilah Fahde
- University Hassan II, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Department of Biology, Health and Environment Laboratory, Casablanca, Morocco
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11
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Cavalcante RM, Pinheiro LS, Teixeira CEP, Paiva BP, Fernandes GM, Brandão DB, Frota FF, Filho FJNS, Schettini CAF. Marine debris on a tropical coastline: Abundance, predominant sources and fate in a region with multiple activities (Fortaleza, Ceará, northeastern Brazil). WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 108:13-20. [PMID: 32334330 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to perform the first assessment of the abundance and classification of marine debris as well as determine the sources, transport and fate of this debris on an urbanized coast with multiple human activities. More than 80% of the marine debris was composed of synthetic materials. The beached marine debris was classified according to size. Meso-debris accounted for the highest portion of contamination (55%), followed by macro-debris (25.1%) and small debris (19.9%). Contamination by debris, such as cotton swabs (31%) and lollipop sticks (36.8%) accounted for the largest portion of the small debris class. Human recreational activities were the predominant source of debris, followed by navigation/fishing activities, domestic activities and industrial/port activities. The assessment of the predominance of human activities and the results of the model revealed a larger contribution of debris from recreational activities on nearby beaches on the small to larger scale and that rivers exert less of an influence due to the fact that they do not flow the entire year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivelino M Cavalcante
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants-LACOr, Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brazil.
| | - Lidriana S Pinheiro
- Geology and Oceanography Laboratory-LOG, Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Carlos E P Teixeira
- Physical Oceanography Laboratory-LOF, Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Barbara P Paiva
- Physical Oceanography Laboratory-LOF, Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brazil; Undergraduate Course in Oceanography, Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle M Fernandes
- Laboratory for Assessment of Organic Contaminants-LACOr, Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brazil; Undergraduate Course in Oceanography, Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Daysiane B Brandão
- Undergraduate Course in Oceanography, Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Felipe F Frota
- Undergraduate Course in Oceanography, Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Francisco J N S Filho
- Undergraduate Course in Oceanography, Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60165-081, Brazil
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12
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Potent Impact of Plastic Nanomaterials and Micromaterials on the Food Chain and Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051727. [PMID: 32138322 PMCID: PMC7084205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic products are inexpensive, convenient, and are have many applications in daily life. We overuse plastic-related products and ineffectively recycle plastic that is difficult to degrade. Plastic debris can be fragmented into smaller pieces by many physical and chemical processes. Plastic debris that is fragmented into microplastics or nanoplastics has unclear effects on organismal systems. Recently, this debris was shown to affect biota and to be gradually spreading through the food chain. In addition, studies have indicated that workers in plastic-related industries develop many kinds of cancer because of chronic exposure to high levels of airborne microplastics. Microplastics and nanoplastics are everywhere now, contaminating our water, air, and food chain. In this review, we introduce a classification of plastic polymers, define microplastics and nanoplastics, identify plastics that contaminate food, describe the damage and diseases caused by microplastics and nanoplastics, and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of this damage and disease as well as solutions for their amelioration. Thus, we expect to contribute to the understanding of the effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on cellular and molecular mechanisms and the ways that the uptake of microplastics and nanoplastics are potentially dangerous to our biota. After understanding the issues, we can focus on how to handle the problems caused by plastic overuse.
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Agamuthu P, Mehran SB, Norkhairah A, Norkhairiyah A. Marine debris: A review of impacts and global initiatives. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2019; 37:987-1002. [PMID: 31084415 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x19845041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Marine debris, defined as any persistent manufactured or processed solid material discarded, disposed of or abandoned in the marine and coastal environment, has been highlighted as a contaminant of global environmental and economic concern. The five main categories of marine debris comprise of plastic, paper, metal, textile, glass and rubber. Plastics is recognised as the major constituent of marine debris, representing between 50% and 90% of the total marine debris found globally. Between 4.8 and 12.7 million metric tonnes of consumer plastics end up in the world oceans annually, resulting in the presence of more than 100 million particles of macroplastics in only 12 regional seas worldwide, and with 51 trillion particles of microplastic floating on the ocean surface globally. The impacts of marine debris can be branched out into three categories; injury to or death of marine organisms, harm to marine environment and effects on human health and economy. Marine mammals often accidentally ingest marine debris because of its appearance that can easily be mistaken as food. Moreover, floating plastics may act as vehicles for chemicals and/or environmental contaminants, which may be absorbed on to their surface during their use and permanence into the environment. Additionally, floating plastics is a potential vector for the introduction of invasive species that get attached to it, into the marine environment. In addition, human beings are not excluded from the impact of marine debris as they become exposed to microplastics through seafood consumption. Moreover, landscape degradation owing to debris accumulation is an eyesore and aesthetically unpleasant, thus resulting in decreased tourism and subsequent income loss. There are a wide range of initiatives that have been taken to tackle the issue of marine debris. They may involve manual removal of marine debris from coastal and aquatic environment in form of programmes and projects organised, such as beach clean-ups by scientific communities, non-governmental organizations and the removal of marine litter from Europe's four regional seas, respectively. Other initiatives focus on assessment, reduction, prevention and management of marine debris under the umbrella of international (the United Nations Environment Programme/Mediterranean Action Plan, the Oslo/Paris Convention) and regional organisations - that is, the Helsinki Commission. There are also a number of international conventions and national regulations that encourage mitigation and management of marine debris. However, it is argued that these initiatives are short-term unsustainable solutions and the long-term sustainable solution would be adoption of circular economy. Similarly, four of the sustainable developmental goals have targets that promote mitigation of marine debris by efficient waste management and practice of 3R. As evident by the Ad Hoc Expert Group on Marine Litter and Microplastics meeting, tackling the marine debris crisis is not a straightforward, one-size-fits-all solution, but rather an integrated and continuous effort required at local, regional and global level.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Agamuthu
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center for Research in Waste Management, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S B Mehran
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Norkhairah
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Norkhairiyah
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Strafella P, Fabi G, Despalatovic M, Cvitković I, Fortibuoni T, Gomiero A, Guicciardi S, Marceta B, Raicevich S, Tassetti AN, Spagnolo A, Scarcella G. Assessment of seabed litter in the Northern and Central Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean) over six years. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 141:24-35. [PMID: 30955731 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Seabed debris is much less investigated in respect to the sea surface and shores due to sampling difficulties and costs. However, detecting marine benthic litter is fundamental for developing policies aimed at achieving the Good Environmental Status in European Seas by 2020, as requested by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. This study estimates seafloor litter abundance, composition, spatial distribution and main sources in the North-Central Adriatic Sea (FAO GSA 17) over a six-year period (2011-2016) with 67 stations sampled per year, representing the longest data set for the basin. Litter items collected using a "rapido" trawl were classified in six major categories. The average density of the litter collected over six years was 102.66 ± 41.91 kg/km2. The highest concentration of litter was found in stations close to the coast within 30 m depth with a mean weight of 142.90 ± 27.20 kg/km2, while the lowest value was recorded between 30 and 50 m of depth (41.12 ± 9.62 kg/km2). Plastic was dominant followed by metal and other litter materials. Lost fishing nets and mussel culture debris accounted for 50% of the overall plastic litter collected. These data and the systematic monitoring of marine litter provide useful information to implement necessary measures to manage marine litter and minimize this type of anthropogenic pollution in the Adriatic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Strafella
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), L.go Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125 Ancona, Italy.
| | - G Fabi
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), L.go Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125 Ancona, Italy.
| | - M Despalatovic
- Institut za Oceanografiju i Ribarstvo (IOF), Šetalište I. Meštrovic'a 63, 21000 Split, Croatia.
| | - I Cvitković
- Institut za Oceanografiju i Ribarstvo (IOF), Šetalište I. Meštrovic'a 63, 21000 Split, Croatia.
| | - T Fortibuoni
- Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via Ca' Fornacetta 9, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy; Institute of Oceanography Experimental Geophysics, Borgo Grotta Gigante 42/c, 34010 Sgonico, Trieste, Italy.
| | - A Gomiero
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), L.go Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125 Ancona, Italy; Norwegian Research Centre-Norce, Environmental Dep., Mekjarvik 11, 4070 Randaberg, Norway.
| | - S Guicciardi
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), L.go Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125 Ancona, Italy.
| | - B Marceta
- Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia (FRIS), Sp. Gameljne 61a, 1211 Ljubljana-Šmartno, Slovenia.
| | - S Raicevich
- Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via Ca' Fornacetta 9, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy.
| | - A N Tassetti
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), L.go Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125 Ancona, Italy.
| | - A Spagnolo
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), L.go Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125 Ancona, Italy.
| | - G Scarcella
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), L.go Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125 Ancona, Italy.
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Loulad S, Houssa R, Ouamari NE, Rhinane H. Quantity and spatial distribution of seafloor marine debris in the Moroccan Mediterranean Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 139:163-173. [PMID: 30686415 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper qualifies, quantifies and localizes seafloor marine debris (SMD) in the Moroccan portion of the Mediterranean Sea. Six scientific trawl surveys were conducted by the Moroccan Institute of Fisheries Research from 2012 to 2015 between Cape Spartel (5°W) and Saidia (2°W), during which a total of 497 kg of SMD has been collected. Statistical analysis show that the mean abundance differed between surveys, generally ranging from 26 ± 68 to 80 ± 133 kg/km2. A typology of SMD indicates that plastic represented 73% of the debris collected, followed by rubber (12%), textile (8%), metal (3%), glass (0.32%), and some unidentified materials (2.70%). Analysis of results shows that the abundance and the distribution of SMD were strongly influenced by the local anthropogenic activities and by rivers inputs. The movements and accumulations in the open sea were also shown to be influenced by the geomorphology and the hydrodynamics of the basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Loulad
- Geosciences Laboratory, Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - R Houssa
- National Institute of Fisheries Research, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - N El Ouamari
- National Institute of Fisheries Research, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - H Rhinane
- Geosciences Laboratory, Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
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