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Baldrighi E, Pizzini S, Punzo E, Santelli A, Strafella P, Scirocco T, Manini E, Fattorini D, Vasapollo C. Multi-benthic size approach to unveil different environmental conditions in a Mediterranean harbor area (Ancona, Adriatic Sea, Italy). PeerJ 2023; 11:e15541. [PMID: 37397025 PMCID: PMC10314744 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Harbors are hubs of human activity and are subject to the continuous discharge and release of industrial, agricultural, and municipal waste and contaminants. Benthic organisms are largely known to reflect environmental conditions they live in. Despite meio- and macrofauna interacting within the benthic system, they are ecologically distinct components of the benthos and as such may not necessarily respond to environmental conditions and/or disturbances in the same way. However, in a few field studies the spatial patterns of meio- and macrofauna have been simultaneously compared. In the present study, we assess the response and patterns in the abundance, diversity, and distribution of the two benthic size classes to the different environmental conditions they live in (i.e., sediment concentrations of selected trace metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); organic matter contents and grain size) characterizing the Ancona Harbor (Adriatic Sea). Meio- and macrofauna provided partially similar types of information depending on the indices used (univariate measures or community structure/species composition) and the different 'response-to-stress'. The community structure (i.e., taxa composition) of both benthic size components clearly showed differences among sampling stations located from inside to outside the harbor, reflecting the marked environmental heterogeneity and disturbance typically characterizing these systems. Notwithstanding, the univariate measures (i.e., meio- and macrofauna total abundance, diversity indices and equitability) didn't show similar spatial patterns. Meiofauna were likely to be more sensitive to the effects of environmental features and contaminants than macrofauna. Overall, trace metals and PAHs affected the community composition of the two benthic components, but only the meiofauna abundance and diversity were related to the environmental variables considered (i.e., quantity and quality of organic matter). Our results pinpoint the importance of studying both meio- and macrofauna communities, which could provide greater insight into the processes affecting the investigated area and reveal different aspects of the benthic ecosystems in response to harbor conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Baldrighi
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies—IRBIM, National Research Council—CNR, Italy, Ancona, Marche, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Sarah Pizzini
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies—IRBIM, National Research Council—CNR, Italy, Ancona, Marche, Italy
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Fano, Italy
| | - Elisa Punzo
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies—IRBIM, National Research Council—CNR, Italy, Ancona, Marche, Italy
| | - Angela Santelli
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies—IRBIM, National Research Council—CNR, Italy, Ancona, Marche, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Strafella
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies—IRBIM, National Research Council—CNR, Italy, Ancona, Marche, Italy
| | - Tommaso Scirocco
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies—IRBIM, National Research Council—CNR, Italy, Lesina, Italy
| | - Elena Manini
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies—IRBIM, National Research Council—CNR, Italy, Ancona, Marche, Italy
| | - Daniele Fattorini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (Disva), Università Politecnica delle Marche (Univpm), Ancona, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (Conisma), Unità di Ricerca di Ancona (Italy), Ancona, Marche, Italy
| | - Claudio Vasapollo
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies—IRBIM, National Research Council—CNR, Italy, Ancona, Marche, Italy
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Mosbahi N, Pezy JP, Dauvin JC, Neifar L. COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: An Excellent Opportunity to Study the Effects of Trawling Disturbance on Macrobenthic Fauna in the Shallow Waters of the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia, Central Mediterranean Sea). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031282. [PMID: 35162301 PMCID: PMC8834931 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study describes for the first time in the central Mediterranean Sea the effects of bottom trawling on macrobenthic fauna in tidal channels of the Kneiss Islands in the Gulf of Gabès, Tunisia. Following a BACI protocol, two control stations (protected by artificial reefs) and two trawled stations (impacted stations) were sampled during a period with the absence of bottom trawling activity (the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period from March to May 2020) and during a trawled period. Although bottom trawling had no impact on sediment composition, this anthropogenic activity reduced the concentration of dissolved oxygen and had a noticeable effect on water column turbidity. The absence of trawling led to a significant increase in biomass, number of species, and abundance of total macrofauna. This illustrated the negative effect of trawling activity in shallow waters and the high resilience of macrobenthic communities of the tidal ecosystem of the Kneiss Islands. In the future, it would be very important to control the use of this destructive fishing gear due to its negative impact on the marine habitat and macrofauna, which represents essential prey for fishes and birds living in this protected area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawfel Mosbahi
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité Marine et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, Sfax 3038, Tunisia;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Jean-Philippe Pezy
- Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, 24 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France; (J.-P.P.); (J.-C.D.)
| | - Jean-Claude Dauvin
- Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, 24 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France; (J.-P.P.); (J.-C.D.)
| | - Lassad Neifar
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité Marine et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, Sfax 3038, Tunisia;
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Mosbahi N, Pezy JP, Neifar L, Dauvin JC. Ecological status assessment and non-indigenous species in industrial and fishing harbours of the Gulf of Gabès (central Mediterranean Sea). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:65278-65299. [PMID: 34231154 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Port Biological Baseline Surveys (PBBS) are standardized surveys of the indigenous and non-indigenous marine biodiversity within harbour activities. They provide a baseline for monitoring changes in the structure and function of harbour communities. This study conducted in 12 fishing and industrial harbours from January to December 2018 was the first initiative of a Port Baseline Survey aimed to assess the impact of biological invasions in harbours of the Gulf of Gabès (GG), Tunisia. A total of 174 macrobenthos species were recorded, belonging to eight phyla, with a dominance of crustaceans (32%), molluscs (31%) and polychaetes (20%). Among these species, 57 were non-indigenous species (NIS) for Tunisian waters, while 27 species were recorded for the first time in GG harbours, and three decapods (Dyspanopeus sayi, Hippolyte prideauxiana and Pilumnus minutus) and one amphipod (Hamimaera hamigera) were newly recorded from Tunisian waters. Two main categories of harbours are distinguished according to their macrobenthic communities and environmental conditions. The industrial harbours yield higher richness and abundance of NIS than the fishing harbours. The ALEX metric is used to evaluate the biological invasion status of the Gulf of Gabès harbours and shows that their status ranges from unaffected in fishing harbours to extremely affected in industrial harbours. Three biotic indices (AMBI, BO2A and BENTIX) are applied to assess the ecological status of harbours, which varies from moderate to good. ALEX and the other biotic indices are significantly correlated with harbour characteristics, maritime traffic and edaphic factors (organic matter and chemical contamination). The present study provides a data baseline for the implementation of environmental policies and management plans in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawfel Mosbahi
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité Marine et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP, 1171, 3038, Sfax, Tunisie.
| | - Jean-Philippe Pezy
- Normandie Univ., UNICAEN, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, 2-4 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Lassad Neifar
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité Marine et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP, 1171, 3038, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Jean-Claude Dauvin
- Normandie Univ., UNICAEN, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, 2-4 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000, Caen, France
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Carreira-Flores D, Neto R, Ferreira H, Cabecinha E, Díaz-Agras G, Gomes PT. Two better than one: The complementary of different types of artificial substrates on benthic marine macrofauna studies. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 171:105449. [PMID: 34509056 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Non-destructive methodologies based on the use of artificial substrates (AS) for quantitative sampling of macrofauna have been used to solve sampling problems in complex benthic environment, such as rocky reefs. The macrofauna assemblages of two different types of AS (dendritic and crevice), at two different locations were studied. The main goal was to evaluate the complementarity of dendritic and crevice AS when sampling the macrofauna associated with rocky environments, in two scenarios: within the same location and between locations. With this approach, we intend to contribute to the development of a non-destructive sampling methodology based on AS. The hypotheses tested were that i) the assemblages associated with each type of AS would differ between them and, ii) regardless of AS type, assemblages would differ between locations. Our results revealed significant differences after three months between the macrofauna assemblages from dendritic and crevice substrates in both locations and differences between locations irrespective of the AS type used. Hence, due to the high number of species that only were attracted by each type of AS and the species settlement preferences, our findings have shown the complementarity of the two types of AS (dendritic and crevice). This suggests that the mixed use of AS could be the best approach to non-destructive standard monitoring programs based on benthic marine macrofauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Carreira-Flores
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Portugal; Estación de Bioloxía Mariña da Graña, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal.
| | - Regina Neto
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Portugal
| | - Hugo Ferreira
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Portugal
| | - Edna Cabecinha
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Agras
- Estación de Bioloxía Mariña da Graña, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pedro T Gomes
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Portugal
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Microbial Diversity Analysis of Sediment from Yeosu New Harbor of South Korea Using 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing. Microbiol Resour Announc 2021; 10:10/2/e01229-20. [PMID: 33446588 PMCID: PMC7849701 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01229-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Yeosu New Harbor in the South Korean benthic environment shows a mesotrophic environment affected by the Tsushima Current and the Seomjin River. Here, we report microbial diversity in sediments of Yeosu New Harbor based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The dominant bacterial phylum was Proteobacteria (relative abundance, 72.5 to 78.1%). The Yeosu New Harbor in the South Korean benthic environment shows a mesotrophic environment affected by the Tsushima Current and the Seomjin River. Here, we report microbial diversity in sediments of Yeosu New Harbor based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The dominant bacterial phylum was Proteobacteria (relative abundance, 72.5 to 78.1%).
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Ling TY. Investigating the malleable socioeconomic resilience pathway to urban cohesion: a case of Taipei metropolitan area. ENVIRONMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 2021; 23:13016-13041. [PMID: 33456319 PMCID: PMC7797182 DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-01197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is known that globalization has led first- and second-tier cities' urban restructuring trajectories, excreted pressures, and caused tremendous socioeconomic volatility. This resulted in marginalized communities in dire of social empowerment, employment structure variance, and industry sectoral adjustment. Moreover, recent successive climate and health crisis unfolded and affirmed the state of our urban incompetence to sustain socioeconomic resilience or otherwise; lacking swift responses in providing critical management and services, cites are facing multifaceted challenges. Urban well-being and resilience are at stake. Although the environmental and health dimensional effects are apparent, this study ascertains that the transept multi-scalar analysis within the urban socioeconomic structure is crucial in sustaining core resilience to foster health and well-being of the community. As an integral part of the investigation, the revised DPSIR assessment framework is applied to evaluate the sectoral shift; spatial structure disarray and urban codependence degree are examined within the Taipei metropolitan area (TMA), a medium size but densely populated metropolitan area in Taiwan. The place-based DPSIR analysis ascertained the states and impacts in TMA: (1) A population decline speeded the restructuring of the urban core, while the impact of demographic aging and shrinkage rate mandates proper management and planning responses to the decline process; (2) the socioeconomic state effect is determined but does not critically affect the periphery zone, while an uneven demographic shift within the urban core necessitates dynamic adjustment responses to appropriately provide intergenerational services; (3) the uneven sector redistribution stimulated the core's spatial and structural inter-dependency with peripheral zones, requiring governance with tighter cross-administration cooperation among respective public sectors; and (4) facing the sector/temporal and demographic pressure, urban cohesiveness in the TMA is greatly affected, which in turn disrupts the resilience pathway toward a cohesion. The study ascertained that the revised DPSIR framework could provide cities facing pressing socioeconomic drivers with effective analysis to allocate pressures, states, and impacts and formulate the necessary responses. To assure the socioeconomic resilience and urban cohesiveness, planning policy should carefully monitor and evaluate socio-demographic and sector redistribution factors to promote the urban resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzen-Ying Ling
- Department of Architecture, Tamkang University, No. 151, Yingzhuan Rd, Tamsui District, New Taipei City, 251 Taiwan
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7
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Dauvin JC, Fersi A, Pezy JP, Bakalem A, Neifar L. Macrobenthic communities in the tidal channels around the Gulf of Gabès, Tunisia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 162:111846. [PMID: 33229002 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A yearlong seasonal survey was carried out during 2016-2017 at 26 stations representing four tidal channels of the north-western part of the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia). The area studied (characterized by a maximum tidal range of 2.3 m) was subjected to diverse anthropogenic pressures: from the phosphate industry and its metallic pollution, unauthorized bottom trawling in shallow water (known locally as 'Kiss'), and organic pollution from the nearby urbanized areas. A total of 23,506 invertebrates representing 311 taxa were collected. Dominant taxa were the polychaetes with 51.4% of the individuals collected and 39.3% of the taxa, the amphipods (18.6% and 15.5%), the tanaids (12.3% and 2.6%), and the molluscs (11.5% and 18.3%). The mean annual abundances varied widely from one channel to another: from 300 to 3700 ind·m-2. The stations located in deeper waters exhibited greater variability. Measurements of abundance revealed seasonal changes with maximum values in winter, spring, and lower numbers in summer. Each tidal channel was characterized by specific features in the fauna. The macrofauna were dominated by the polychaete Cirratulus cirratus (mainly in spring) and the amphipod Microdeutopus anomalus (mainly in winter), whilst both of the tanaids, Apseudopsis gabesi (the first sighting reported for the area) and A. mediterraneus, were found to be abundant in winter in at least one of the four channels. Species are mainly deposit feeders, herbivorous and omnivorous. The analyses on spatial and temporal changes of the macrofauna population revealed variations according to the composition of the fauna increasing or falling along the channels and as a function of seasonal changes. In spite of a high level of anthropogenic activities, the Ecological Status (ES) assessment (applying the AMBI and M-AMBI indices) attributed High or Good ES for 10 stations, Moderate ES for 11 stations and five stations showed a poor ES at least during one season. Sampling subtidal stations in the future to survey long-term degradation of such ecosystems of the coastal environment of the Gulf of Gabès in Tunisia is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Claude Dauvin
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, 24 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - Abir Fersi
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, 24 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France; Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jean-Philippe Pezy
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, 24 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Ali Bakalem
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), Avenue Hassan Badi, 16200 El Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Lassad Neifar
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, 24 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France
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Tempesti J, Mangano MC, Langeneck J, Lardicci C, Maltagliati F, Castelli A. Non-indigenous species in Mediterranean ports: A knowledge baseline. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 161:105056. [PMID: 33070931 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Port areas have been considered bioinvasion hotspots due to the concentration of several invasion vectors. However, the actual distribution of non-indigenous species (NIS) in Mediterranean ports is still poorly understood. Here we conducted a literature review with the aim to provide a knowledge baseline about NIS distribution in Mediterranean ports. NIS distribution in Mediterranean ports showed a high degree of heterogeneity in terms of studies across the whole basin, with a limited knowledge on both specific taxa and geographical areas, as well as a generally low proportion of investigated ports. The low rate of specific studies designed to monitor these particular environments may represent the main source of knowledge gaps. Mediterranean ports host NIS from all regions of the world, playing a key role in marine bioglobalization. Our synthesis represents the first baseline addressing the presence of NIS in Mediterranean ports, which may be useful to define plans of NIS management and strategies focusing on a network of recognised focal hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Tempesti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via Derna, 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mangano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Dipartimento Ecologia Marina Integrata, Sede Interdipartimentale della Sicilia, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo (complesso Roosevelt), 90142, Palermo, Italy
| | - Joachim Langeneck
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via Derna, 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio Lardicci
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, Via Santa Maria, 53, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Castelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via Derna, 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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Dimitriou PD, Chatzinikolaou E, Arvanitidis C. Ecological status assessment based on benthic macrofauna of three Mediterranean ports: Comparisons across seasons, activities and regions. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 153:110997. [PMID: 32275546 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.110997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare anthropogenic impacts in three Mediterranean ports (Cagliari-Italy, Heraklion-Greece, El-Kantatoui-Tunisia) employing benthic macrofaunal indices, used in the context of the European Water Framework Directive. Sampling stations were selected within ports according to sector usage categorization and sampled over three seasons. Benthic indices calculated include M-AMBI, BENTIX, BQI and BQI_Family. Comparisons were made between the indices values and ecological status (ES) of each station within and between ports. Overall, few statistically significant differences were observed across different seasons or different stations with the same usage within or across ports. The ES of sampling stations in the leisure/fishing and passenger/cargo ships sectors was mostly "good" or "moderate", while the shipyard sector had "poor" ES. The results suggest that the indices used were suitable for assessing the ES of Mediterranean ports, led to comparable results even across different countries and contribute to the adaptation of specific port monitoring guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis D Dimitriou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Eva Chatzinikolaou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christos Arvanitidis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Sola MCR, Santos AG, Martinez ST, Nascimento MM, da Rocha GO, de Andrade JB. Occurrence of 3-nitrobenzanthrone and other powerful mutagenic polycyclic aromatic compounds in living organisms: polychaetes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3465. [PMID: 32103055 PMCID: PMC7044212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we report the occurrence of powerful mutagenic 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA), in addition to 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 6 oxygenated PAHs and 27 nitrated PAHs in polychaete worms. Benzanthrone (BA), another important mutagenic polycyclic aromatic compound (PAC) also was detected in the samples. Polychaete annelids have great ecological relevance, being widely distributed in different environmental conditions, from intertidal zones up to seven thousand feet deep areas. They are abundantly found in both contaminated and uncontaminated areas and, therefore, used as indicators of the pollution status of a given area. As we know, so far, most of these PACs has not been previously reported in living organisms before. The 3-NBA concentrations determined in this study were within 0.11-5.18 µg g-1. Other relevant PACs such as PAHs, quinones and nitro-PAHs were found in maximum concentrations at 0.013 µg g-1 (coronene) to 11.1 µg g-1 (benzo[k]fluoranthene), 0.823 µg g-1 (9,10-phenenthrenequinone) to 12.1 µg g-1 (1,4-benzoquinone) and 0.434 (1-nitronaphthalene) µg g-1 to 19.2 µg g-1 (6-nitrobenzo[a]pyrene), respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA), ternary correlations and diagnostic ratios were employed in order to propose probable sources for PACs. Although statistical analysis preliminarily has indicated both pyrogenic and petrogenic contributions, petrogenic sources were predominant reflecting the impacts of petroleum exploration and intensive traffic of boats in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Claudia R Sola
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Aldenor G Santos
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus de Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Sabrina T Martinez
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Madson M Nascimento
- Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus de Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Gisele O da Rocha
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus de Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Jailson B de Andrade
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil. .,Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil. .,Centro Universitário SENAI-CIMATEC, 41650-110, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Mosbahi N, Serbaji MM, Pezy JP, Neifar L, Dauvin JC. Response of benthic macrofauna to multiple anthropogenic pressures in the shallow coastal zone south of Sfax (Tunisia, central Mediterranean Sea). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:474-487. [PMID: 31330340 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities including coastal industries, urbanization, extensive agriculture and aquaculture as well as their cumulative impacts represent major sources of perturbation of marine coastal systems. Macrobenthic communities are useful ecological indicators for monitoring the health status of marine environments (or polluted environments). The present study reports, for the first time, the response of benthic macrofauna sampled during two years survey (2015-2016) to multiple anthropogenic pressures on the coastal zone south of Sfax (Tunisia). A total of 12 stations were monitored seasonally at locations downstream from the main potential sources of disturbance. 106 macrobenthos taxa, belonging to six animal phyla and 70 families, were identified with a dominance of polychaetes (42%), crustaceans (35%) and molluscs (18%). We used an ANOVA test and cluster analysis to identify spatial gradient linked to environmental and anthropogenic factors, including depth, sedimentary texture and anthropogenic activities (i.e. phosphogypsum discharges).The macrofauna present lowest species number and abundance on stations undergoing anthropogenic inputs, which are extremely polluted by heavy metals (Cd, Cu, F and N) and excess of organic matter. Univariate parameters reveal a general trend of increasing species diversity with increasing distance from the pollution source. The polluted stations are strongly dominated by carnivores, and selective deposit feeders, and more closely linked to the availability of trophic resources than to anthropogenic constraints. The seasonal changes in macrobenthic abundance, diversity indices and community structure are mainly linked to the biological cycle (e.g. recruitment events) of the dominant species. Biotic indices (AMBI and BO2A) classified the coastal zone south of Sfax as moderate and good ecological status. This study suggests that initiating a long-term monitoring programme would improve our understanding of the temporal changes of macrobenthic communities of this ecosystem, contributing to the assessment of effective management and conservation measures in this disturbed area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawfel Mosbahi
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité Marine et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Moncef Serbaji
- National School of Engineers of Sfax, Water, Energy and Environment Laboratory L3E, University of Sfax, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jean-Philippe Pezy
- Normandie Univ., UNICAEN, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, 2-4 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Lassad Neifar
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité Marine et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jean-Claude Dauvin
- Normandie Univ., UNICAEN, CNRS, UMR 6143 M2C, Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, 2-4 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France
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