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Pepe AE, Lelovas P, Pachi VK, Halabalaki M, Galanos A, Mikou P, Poutos DP, Papadomichelakis G, Kourkoulis S, Pasiou E, Mitakou S, Karatzas T, Triantafyllou A, Dontas IA. Chios Mastic Gum Consumption Has a Protective Effect on Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss in Rats. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:166-176. [PMID: 34316481 PMCID: PMC8276714 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.2.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the potential effect of Chios Mastic Gum (CMG) consumption on bone mineral density (BMD) and strength of ovariectomized rats. CMG is a known resin used from ancient times for its beneficial biological properties. Thirty mature female Wistar rats were randomized into three equal groups: sham-operated (control), ovariectomized (OVX), and ovariectomized and administered CMG per os (OVX+CMG). BMD of the total tibia, proximal tibia, and the 6th lumbar vertebra were measured at baseline and at 3 and 6 months post ovariectomy. Bone strength was assessed with three-point-bending (3pb) of the right femur. At 3 and 6 months, BMD values of the OVX+CMG group were significantly higher for the anatomical cites evaluated than those of the OVX group. Femoral thickness assessed via 3pb had intermediate values in the treated group compared to the other groups. Cytology of vaginal smears and uterine weight of the OVX+CMG group were consistent with estrogen depletion. Gastrocnemius muscle and intraperitoneal fat ratios to body weight (BW) of the OVX+CMG group did not significantly differ from the control group. Daily consumption CMG had a protective effect on BMD of the total and proximal tibia and the 6th lumbar vertebra of the rats, without causing undesirable effects on the vaginal epithelium and uterus. The 3pb results also demonstrated a favorable effect on the thickness of rat femurs. In addition, CMG was beneficial for both the muscular system and the intraperitoneal fat/BW ratio of the rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Eirini Pepe
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Kifissia 14561, Greece
| | - Pavlos Lelovas
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Kifissia 14561, Greece
| | - Vasiliki K Pachi
- Division of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zographou 15771, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Division of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zographou 15771, Greece
| | - Antonis Galanos
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Kifissia 14561, Greece
| | - Panagiota Mikou
- Department of Cytology, Laiko Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
| | | | - George Papadomichelakis
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Faculty of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens 11855, Greece
| | - Stavros Kourkoulis
- Laboratory of Testing and Materials, Unit of Biomechanics, Department of Mechanics, National Technical University of Athens, Zographou 15780, Greece
| | - Ermioni Pasiou
- Laboratory of Testing and Materials, Unit of Biomechanics, Department of Mechanics, National Technical University of Athens, Zographou 15780, Greece
| | - Sofia Mitakou
- Division of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zographou 15771, Greece
| | - Theodore Karatzas
- 2nd Propedeutic Department of Surgery / Laboratory of Experimental Surgery & Surgical Research 'N.S. Christeas' School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Angeliki Triantafyllou
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Kifissia 14561, Greece
| | - Ismene A Dontas
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Kifissia 14561, Greece
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Zhang Q, Song X, Chen X, Jiang R, Peng K, Tang X, Liu Z. Antiosteoporotic effect of hesperidin against ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats via reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22832. [PMID: 34028927 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a serious health problem, especially in geriatric patients. Worldwide, it affects 8.9 million people every year. Oxidative stress and inflammation expand the osteoporosis reaction. Hesperidin supplement helps to decrease inflammation and oxidative stress. In this study, we estimated the antiosteoporotic effect of hesperidin against the ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of osteoporosis. Hesperidin was orally administered at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg to OVX rats for 10 weeks. Different biochemical parameters, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), and antioxidant parameters, were also estimated. The three-point bending test, bone mineral density (BMD), and histomorphometric features of the femoral bone were also scrutinized. Hesperidin significantly decreased body weight and increased uterine weight. Hesperidin significantly reduced the ALP, OC, acid phosphatase, and β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptides levels in OVX rats. Hesperidin considerably increased BMD and dose-dependently reduced the pixel density. Hesperidin considerably increased the maximum load, energy, stiffness, maximum stress, and young modulus. Hesperidin significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and increased the level of superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, catalase in OVX-induced rats. Hesperidin significantly diminishes the cytokine levels, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β, and inflammatory mediators such as nuclear factor-kappa B. It significantly reduced the level of Ca, P, and increased the level of vitamin D in OVX rats. Hesperidin significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the expression of sirtuin 1. Collectively, we can conclude that hesperidin exhibited better protection against osteoporosis by enhancing the bone density and bone mineral content in addition to biomechanical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Ruizhong Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Ke Peng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Xinqiao Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
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Galanis D, Soultanis K, Lelovas P, Zervas A, Papadopoulos P, Galanos A, Argyropoulou K, Makropoulou M, Patsaki A, Passali C, Tsingotjidou A, Kourkoulis S, Mitakou S, Dontas I. Protective effect of Glycyrrhiza glabra roots extract on bone mineral density of ovariectomized rats. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2019; 9:8. [PMID: 31124454 PMCID: PMC6533940 DOI: 10.1051/bmdcn/2019090208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of the methanolic extract of plant Glycyrrhiza glabra roots on bone mineral density and femoral bone strength of ovariectomized rats. Methods: Thirty 10-month-old Wistar rats were randomly separated into three groups of ten, Control, Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza in their drinking water. Total and proximal tibial bone mineral density was measured in all groups before ovariectomy (baseline) and after 3 and 6 months post ovariectomy. Three-point-bending of the femurs and uterine weight and histology were examined at the end of the study. Results: No significant difference was noted in bone density percentage change of total tibia from baseline to 3 months between Control and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza groups (+5.31% ± 4.75 and +3.30% ± 6.31 respectively, P = non significant), and of proximal tibia accordingly (+5.58% ± 6.92 and +2.61% ± 13.62, P = non significant) demonstrating a strong osteoprotective effect. There was notable difference in percentage change of total tibia from baseline to 6 months between groups Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza (−13.03% ± 5.11 and −0.84% ± 7.63 respectively, P < 0.005), and of proximal tibia accordingly (−27.9% ± 3.69 and −0.81% ± 14.85 respectively, P < 0.001), confirming the protective effect of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract in preserving bone density of the Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza group. Three-point-bending did not reveal any statistically significant difference between Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza groups. Uterine weights of the Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza group ranged between the other two groups with no statistically significant difference to each. Conclusions: Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract notably protected tibial bone mineral density loss in Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza rats in comparison with ovariectomized rats, but did not improve biomechanical strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Galanis
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System (LRMS), School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Soultanis
- 1st Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Medicine, Attiko Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos Lelovas
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System (LRMS), School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Zervas
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System (LRMS), School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Papadopoulos
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System (LRMS), School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Galanos
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System (LRMS), School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Argyropoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Makropoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christina Passali
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System (LRMS), School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsingotjidou
- Lab. of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Veterinary Medicine,
| | - Stavros Kourkoulis
- Department of Mechanics, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), National Technical University of Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Mitakou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Ismene Dontas
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System (LRMS), School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Li C, Li Q, Liu R, Niu Y, Pan Y, Zhai Y, Mei Q. Medicinal herbs in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 42:1-22. [PMID: 24467532 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common disease with wide prevalence, especially in the elderly population. Osteoporosis induced fractures not only decrease the patient's life quality, but also cause heavy financial burden to the society. Although current medications for osteoporosis are effective, numerous adverse effects have been observed accompanying their clinical applications. Effective prevention and therapy strategies with high safety are critical, which benefit both individual patients and the whole society. Traditional Chinese medicines have been used for thousands of years to treat bone related diseases in China and a number of modern preparations have been developed that are currently commercially available. In addition, several medicinal herbs demonstrated therapeutic effects against osteoporosis in animal models. This paper reviewed the anti-osteoporotic effects of traditional Chinese formulas, medicinal herbs and bioactive constituents based on clinical trials and in vivo animal studies. Due to the lack of rigorous studies to compare the effectiveness with conventional interventions, traditional formulas are recommended as alternative medications or supplements to treat osteoporosis at the current stage. Although there are abundant natural resources with anti-osteoporotic effects, either in the form of medicinal herbs or bioactive components, much work need to be accomplished before they are developed into potential drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenrui Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the bone protective effect of phytoestrogens on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. Nutr Res 2014; 34:467-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kang SW, Kang K, Kim MA, Jeon NR, Kim SM, Jeon JS, Nho CW, Um BH. Phytoestrogenic activity of Aceriphyllum rossii and rapid identification of phytoestrogens by LC–NMR/MS and bioassay-guided isolation. Eur Food Res Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-014-2212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Wang ZQ, Li JL, Sun YL, Yao M, Gao J, Yang Z, Shi Q, Cui XJ, Wang YJ. Chinese herbal medicine for osteoporosis: a systematic review of randomized controlled trails. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:356260. [PMID: 23431336 PMCID: PMC3572690 DOI: 10.1155/2013/356260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background. Osteoporosis is a major health problem for the elderly population. Chinese herb may be beneficial to osteoporosis due to its capability. Objectives. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese medicine treatment on the patients with osteoporosis. Search Methods. Randomized controlled trials were retrieved from different 9 databases. Results. This meta analysis included 12 RCTs involving 1816 patients to compare Chinese herbs with placebo or standard anti-osteoporotic therapy in the treatment of bone loss. The pooled data showed that the percent change of increased BMD in the spine is higher with Chinese herb compared to placebo (lumber spine: WMD = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01-0.04). In the femoral, Chinese herb showed significantly higher increments of BMD compared to placebo (femoral neck: WMD = 0.06, 95% CI: -0.02-0.13). Compared to the other standard anti-osteoporotic drugs, Chinese herbs also show advantage in BMD change (lumber spine: WMD = 0.03, 95% CI: -0.01-0.08; femoral: WMD = 0.01, 95% CI: -0.01-0.02). Conclusions. Our results demonstrated that Chinese herb significantly increased lumbar spine BMD as compared to the placebo or other standard anti-osteoporotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-qian Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin-long Li
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yue-li Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Min Yao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xue-jun Cui
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yong-jun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Potential antiosteoporotic agents from plants: a comprehensive review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:364604. [PMID: 23365596 PMCID: PMC3551255 DOI: 10.1155/2012/364604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major health hazard and is a disease of old age; it is a silent epidemic affecting more than 200 million people worldwide in recent years. Based on a large number of chemical and pharmacological research many plants and their compounds have been shown to possess antiosteoporosis activity. This paper reviews the medicinal plants displaying antiosteoporosis properties including their origin, active constituents, and pharmacological data. The plants reported here are the ones which are commonly used in traditional medical systems and have demonstrated clinical effectiveness against osteoporosis. Although many plants have the potential to prevent and treat osteoporosis, so far, only a fraction of these plants have been thoroughly investigated for their physiological and pharmacological properties including their mechanism of action. An attempt should be made to highlight plant species with possible antiosteoporosis properties and they should be investigated further to help with future drug development for treating this disease.
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Protective effect of Sideritis euboea extract on bone mineral density and strength of ovariectomized rats. Menopause 2011; 18:915-22. [PMID: 21505372 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e31820ce580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effect of Sideritis euboea extract (SID), commonly consumed as "mountain tea," on bone mineral density (BMD) and the strength of the ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of osteoporosis. METHODS Thirty-two 10-month-old Wistar rats were separated into controls (sham operated), OVX, and OVX plus SID in their drinking water (dose, 330 mg/kg body weight per day), starting immediately after OVX for 6 months. Tibial BMD at baseline and at 3 and 6 months post-OVX, three-point-bending of the femur, and body and uterine weight at the study end were examined. RESULTS BMD percentage change from baseline of the whole tibia was similar in control and OVX + SID rats at 3 months (-3.02% vs -4.67%, P = not significant), revealing a strong osteoprotective effect. At 6 months, the corresponding changes were -6.02% versus -14.37%, P < 0.05, indicating a greater bone loss in treated rats, albeit significantly less than the OVX change (-20.46%; OVX vs OVX + SID, P < 0.05). The proximal (metaphyseal) tibial BMD percentage change from baseline to 3 and 6 months between the OVX and OVX + SID groups (-26.47% vs -15.57% and -31.22% vs -16.57%, respectively) was statistically significant, demonstrating that SID preserved the proximal tibial BMD of the OVX + SID group significantly. Three-point-bending showed a significant increase in the treated compared with the OVX groups. Body and uterine weights were similar in the OVX and treated groups. CONCLUSIONS SID significantly protected tibial bone loss and improved femoral biomechanical strength in OVX + SID rats compared with OVX rats.
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Kassi E, Paliogianni A, Dontas I, Aligiannis N, Halabalaki M, Papoutsi Z, Skaltsounis AL, Moutsatsou P. Effects of Sideritis euboea (Lamiaceae) Aqueous Extract on IL-6, OPG and RANKL Secretion by Osteoblasts. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100601131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The water extract obtained from the aerial parts of Sideritis euboea (Lamiaceae), which is known in Greece as ‘mountain tea’, was investigated by determining the in vitro effect of this extract on the IL-6, OPG and RANKL secretion by osteoblasts, three important molecules in osteoblast-osteoclast interplay. The results showed that this extract reduced significantly the secretion of IL-6 by KS-483 osteoblasts, while it also suppressed RANKL secretion, with both effects being dose-dependent and more potent at the higher concentrations tested (50, 100 μg/mL). We further determined the chemical profile of the extract by applying an analytical U-HPLC-DAD-ESIMS/MS method using the high resolution hybrid LTQ-Orbitrap Discovery spectrometer. An ESI source in negative mode was employed. The analysis indicated that the water extract of S. euboea is rich in flavonoid glycosides, and phenylpropanoid glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 M. Asias, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Paliogianni
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Ismene Dontas
- Laboratory for the Research of the Musculoskeletal System, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nektarios Aligiannis
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Papoutsi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 M. Asias, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Moutsatsou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 M. Asias, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Ahn BS, Yang M, Jang H, Lee HJ, Moon C, Kim JC, Jung U, Jo SK, Jang JS, Kim SH. Evaluation of the antiosteoporotic potential of Cimicifuga heracleifolia in female mice. Phytother Res 2011; 26:663-8. [PMID: 21987388 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 06/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cimicifugae rhizoma might be protective against osteoporosis. This study investigated the effects of Cimicifuga heracleifolia (CH), an Asian species of Cimicifugae rhizome, on bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. The C3H/HeN mice were divided into sham and OVX groups. The OVX mice were treated with vehicle, 17β-estradiol (E(2) ) or CH for 6 weeks. Serum calcium, phosphorus, E(2) concentration and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were measured. Tibiae and femora were analysed using microcomputed tomography. The biomechanical property and osteoclast surface level were measured. Treatment with CH (i.p., 50 mg/kg of body weight, every other day) prevented the OVX-induced increase in body weight but did not alter the uterus weight of the OVX mice. Serum ALP levels and osteoclast surface levels in the OVX mice were reduced by treatment with CH. The CH significantly preserved trabecular bone mass, bone volume, trabecular number, trabecular thickness, structure model index and bone mineral density of proximal tibia metaphysis or distal femur metaphysis. However, grip strength, mechanical property and cortical bone architecture did not differ among the experimental groups. The results indicate that the supply of CH can prevent OVX-induced bone loss in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Su Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea
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12
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Shen Y, Li YQ, Li SP, Ma L, Ding LJ, Ji H. Alleviation of ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats by Panax notoginseng saponins. J Nat Med 2010; 64:336-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-010-0416-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Kapur P, Jarry H, Wuttke W, Pereira B, Seidlova-Wuttke D. Evaluation of the antiosteoporotic potential of Tinospora cordifolia in female rats. Maturitas 2008; 59:329-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2008.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Revised: 03/10/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Li JX, Liu J, He CC, Yu ZY, Du Y, Kadota S, Seto H. Triterpenoids from Cimicifugae rhizoma, a novel class of inhibitors on bone resorption and ovariectomy-induced bone loss. Maturitas 2007; 58:59-69. [PMID: 17658706 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2007.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2007] [Revised: 05/21/2007] [Accepted: 06/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing research suggested that Cimicifugae rhizoma might be protective against osteoporosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of three cycloartane-type triterpenoids isolated from Cimicifugae rhizoma, cimicidol-3-O-beta-D-xyloside (1), cimicidanol-3-O-beta-D-xyloside (2) and acetylacteol-3-O-beta-d-xyloside (3) on bone resorption in vitro and bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. METHODS The activities of the tested compounds on bone resorption were evaluated using three assays, neonatal mouse parietal bone organ culture, osteoclast-like cells (OCLs) formation and pit formation. The effects on bone mineral density (BMD) and uterine weight were examined using OVX mice. Using LC-MS/MS method, the serum concentrations of the triterpenoids were measured in mice serum collected at 0.5, 1, 3, 6 and 12h following its oral administration. RESULTS All of the tested compounds exerted the inhibitory effects on bone resorption in bone organ culture, suppressed both of the formation and the resorbing activity of OCLs. Furthermore, a synergistic effect was observed among those compounds. In vivo studies revealed that compounds 1-3 and the mixture of compounds 1-3 prevented the bone loss in OVX mice without affecting uterine weight, and each compound was detected in the mice serum after single oral administration. CONCLUSIONS The triterpenoids exerted the inhibitory effects on osteoclastic bone resorption through the suppression of both OCLs formation and the resorbing activity of OCLs, and also showed a significant protective effect on BMD in OVX mice. The present results might provide a new pharmacological potential for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J X Li
- Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
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Papoutsi Z, Kassi E, Halabalaki M, Mitakou S, Moutsatsou P. Evaluation of estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity of Onobrychis ebenoides extract – Interaction with estrogen receptor subtypes ERα and ERβ. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 21:364-70. [PMID: 17092687 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2006.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2006] [Revised: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A protective effect of plant extract from Onobrychis ebenoides on ovariectomy-induced bone loss in rats has been shown. To investigate the molecular mechanisms that underly the beneficial effect of O. ebenoides (Onb) on bone loss, we studied its potential to activate ER subtypes (ERalpha and ERbeta) on transiently transfected HeLa cells with HO-hERalpha or pSG5-hERbeta and 3xERE-TATA-Luc expression vectors. Its impact to stimulate differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts (KS483 cell line) by Alizarin Red-S staining was also examined. Furthermore we sought to induce for its potential the IGFBP3, a known estrogen-dependent marker in MCF7 breast cancer cells. 17beta-Estradiol and the pure antiestrogen ICI182780 were included to serve as control samples of the estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity respectively. Our data revealed: (1) Onb extract displayed a significant estrogenic activity on both ERalpha and ERbeta subtypes. (2) It exhibited direct action on osteoblasts by inducing mineralization. (3) It showed estrogenic activity in MCF7 cells. These findings suggest that the beneficial effect of Onb extract on bone loss is mediated through an estrogen-like action via activation of ERalpha-ERE and ERbeta-ERE pathways and via direct action on the mineralization process of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Papoutsi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens 75, Mikras Asias Str, Goudi 11527, Athens, Greece
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Putnam SE, Scutt AM, Bicknell K, Priestley CM, Williamson EM. Natural products as alternative treatments for metabolic bone disorders and for maintenance of bone health. Phytother Res 2007; 21:99-112. [PMID: 17106868 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bone metabolism involves a complex balance between the deposition of matrix and mineralization and resorption. There is now good evidence that dietary components and herbal products can influence these processes, particularly by inhibiting bone resorption, thus having beneficial effects on the skeleton. For example, it has been reported that a number of common vegetables, including onion, garlic and parsley, can inhibit bone resorption in ovariectomized rats. Essential oils derived from sage, rosemary, thyme and other herbs inhibit osteoclast activity in vitro and in vitro and leading to an increase in bone mineral density. Soya, a rich source of isoflavones, has shown promising results and epidemiological evidence to support a use in maintaining bone health, and various traditional herbal formulae in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine also have demonstrable effects in pharmacological models of osteoporosis. Recently, cannabinoids have been described as having positive effects on osteoblast differentiation, and the presence of cannabinoid receptors in bone tissue indicates a more complex role in bone metabolism than previously thought. The first part of this review briefly discusses normal bone metabolism and disorders caused by its disruption, with particular reference to osteoporosis and current pharmacological treatments. The effects of natural products on bone and connective tissue are then discussed, to include items of diet, herbal extracts and food supplements, with evidence for their efficacy outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie E Putnam
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AJ, UK
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