1
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Stampouloglou PK, Bletsa E, Siasos G, Oikonomou E, Paschou SA, Gouliopoulos N, Katsianos E, Tsigou V, Kassi E, Tentolouris N, Tsioufis K, Tousoulis D. Differential effect of novel antidiabetic agents on the arterial stiffness and endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Arterial stiffness and endothelial function markers flag increased cardiovascular disease risk in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
Purpose
To investigate the effects of novel antidiabaetic agents on arterial stiffness and endothelial function in T2DM patients.
Patients and methods
We enrolled 80 consecutive patients under stable antidiabetic therapy who did not reach therapeutic targets. Subjects were assessed to receive an additional antidiabetic agent to optimize glucose control; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i, n=24), glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA, n=26), sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i, n=21) or long lasting insulin (n=9). Glycosylated hemoglobin (Hba1c) along with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (Alx) and flow-mediated dialatation (FMD), as biomarkers of arterial stiffness and endothelial function accordingly, were measured at baseline and 3 months after treatment intensification.
Results
There were no differences between the study groups in traditional risk factors, or baseline HbA1c, PWV, Alx and FMD levels (ps=NS for all). All groups achieved better glycemic control in terms of HbA1c values between baseline and follow-up, as seen in the paired differences of these values (for DPP4i: 0.7±0.3%, for GLP-1RA: 1.3±0.7%, for SGLT-2i: 0.8±0.5% and for insulin 2.0±0.8%, p<0.001 for all). PWV showed a decrease from 10.0±0.84 to 9.1±0.43 m/sec (p=0.092) in the DPP4-i group, from 11.7±0.72 to 10.2±0.74 m/sec (p<0.001) in the GLP-1RA group, from 10.3±0.54 to 9.6±0.59 m/sec (p=0.001) in the SGLT-2i group and from 11.6±1.04 to 11.1±1.02 m/sec (p=0.219) in the insoulin group, as presented in Figure 1. Alx was also decreased from 34.2±1.89 to 31.5±2.7% (p=0.023) in the DPP-4i group, from 29.1±1.52 to 25.6±2.09% (p<0.001) in the GLP-1RA group, from 29.9±1.44 to 24.2±1.48% (p<0.001) in the SGLT-2i group and from 28.2±2.33 to 26.2±1.64% (p=0.153) in the insulin group, as presented in Figure 1, as well. Regarding FMD, a reduction in the values between groups from baseline to follow-up was also observed; from 5.33±1.3 to 5.50±1.1% (p=0.004) for the DPP-4i group, from 5.54±0.8 to 5.99±0.8% (p=0,001) for the GLP-1RA group, from 5.59±0.9 to 5.77±1.2% (p=0.005) for the SGLT-2i group and from 5.76±0.8 to 5.83±0.9% for the insulin group, as demonstrated in Figure 2.
Limitations: Our results should be examined under the scope of limited data pool and its subsequent restrictions.
Conclusion
These preliminary data provide evidence that treatment intesification- particularly with GLP1-RA and SGLT-2i, benefits vascular properties, a finding which could partly explain the positive cardiovascular outcomes of recent randomized clinical trials in this field.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Stampouloglou
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
| | - E Bletsa
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
| | - G Siasos
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
| | - E Oikonomou
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
| | - S A Paschou
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
| | - N Gouliopoulos
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
| | - E Katsianos
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
| | - V Tsigou
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
| | - E Kassi
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
| | - N Tentolouris
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
| | - K Tsioufis
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
| | - D Tousoulis
- Hippokration General Hospital, Heart and Diabetes Center, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens, Greece
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2
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Bletsa E, Antonopoulos A, Siasos G, Stampouloglou PK, Batzias K, Paschou SA, Oikonomou E, Gouliopoulos N, Tsigkou V, Kassi E, Thanopoulou A, Vryonidou A, Tentolouris N, Pallantza Z, Tousoulis D. P2483Differential effects of novel antidiabetics on arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Arterial stiffness flags increased cardiovascular disease risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. There is limited data on how novel anti-diabetic agents affect arterial stiffness.
Purpose
To investigate the effects of novel anti-diabetic agents on arterial stiffness in T2DM patients.
Patients and methods
We enrolled 64 consecutive patients under stable antidiabetic therapy who did not achieve therapeutic targets. Subjects were assessed to receive an additional antidiabetic agent to optimize glucose control; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i, n=14), glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1RA, n=21), sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i, n=21) or long-acting insulin (n=8). Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as well as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (Alx) were measured (as indices of arterial stiffness) were measured at baseline and 3 months after treatment intensification.
Results
There were no differences between the study groups in traditional risk factors, or baseline HbA1c, PWV and Alx levels (p=NS for all). All groups achieved better glycemic control in terms of HbA1c values between baseline and follow-up (for DPP4i: 7.4±0.2% vs 6.7±0.2%, for GLP1RA: 8.3±0.2% vs 6.9±0.1%, for SGLT2i: 7.5±0.1% vs 6.7±0.1% and for insulin 9.8±0.5% vs 7.7±0.4%, p<0.001 for all). PWV decreased from 10.0±0.84 to 9.1±0.43 m/sec (p=0.092) in the DPP4i group, from 11.7±0.72 to 10.2±0.74 m/sec (p<0.001) in the GLP1RA group, from 1.3±0.54 to 9.6±0.59 m/sec (p=0.001) in the SGLT2i group and from 11.6±1.04 to 11.1±1.02 m/sec (p=0.219) in the insulin group. Alx was also decreased from 34.2±1.89 to 31.5±2.17% (p=0.023) in the DPP4i group, from 29.1±1.52 to 25.6±2.09% (p<0.001) in the GLP1RA group, from 29.9±1.44 to 24.2±1.48% (p<0.001) in SGLT2i group, and from 28.2±2.33 to 26.2±1.64% (p=0.153) in insulin group.
Conclusions
These preliminary data provide evidence that treatment intensification -particularly with GLP1RA, and SGLT2i- benefits vascular properties, a finding which could partly explain the positive findings of recent randomized clinical trails in this field.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bletsa
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - A Antonopoulos
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - G Siasos
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - P K Stampouloglou
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - K Batzias
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - S A Paschou
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - E Oikonomou
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - N Gouliopoulos
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - V Tsigkou
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - E Kassi
- Laiko University General Hospital, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - A Thanopoulou
- Hippokration General Hospital, 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - A Vryonidou
- Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Athens, Greece
| | - N Tentolouris
- Laiko University General Hospital, Diabetes Center, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Z Pallantza
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - D Tousoulis
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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3
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Stampouloglou PK, Antonopoulos A, Siasos G, Bletsa E, Batzias K, Paschou SA, Oikonomou E, Gouliopoulos N, Tsigkou V, Kassi E, Thanopoulou A, Vryonidou A, Tentolouris N, Pallantza Z, Tousoulis D. P2481The effect of DPP-4i, GLP-1RA, SGLT-2i and long-acting insulin on platelet function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at higher risk for thrombotic events. Platelet function may be used to assess prothrombotic state in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Purpose
We aimed to investigate whether the administration of novel antidiabetic agents influence platelet function in TDM2 patients.
Patients and methods
We 60 enrolled consecutive patients with T2DM, on stable antidiabetic therapy, who did not achieve therapeutic targets. Subjects were assessed to receive an additional anti-diabetic agent; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i, n=14), glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1RA, n=24), sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i, n=22). Platelet reactivity was measured with PFA-200 collagen/epinephrine (c-EPI) and PFA-200 collagen/ADP (c-ADP) closure time. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), c-EPI and c-ADP were assessed at baseline and 3 months after treatment intensification.
Results
There was no difference between the study groups regarding gender, age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, Hba1c and CADP or CEPI (p=NS for all) at baseline. All groups achieved better glycemic control in terms of HbA1c values between baseline and follow-up (for DPP4i: 7.4±0.2% vs 6.7±0.2%, for GLP1RA: 8.3±0.2% vs 6.9±0.1%, for SGLT2i: 7.5±0.1% vs 6.7±0.1% and for insulin 9.8±0.5% vs 7.7±0.4%, p<0.001 for all). After a 3 month-period, treatment intensification with these novel agents did not influence c-EPI and c-ADP values [155.4±6.64 sec vs 152.9±8.28 sec (p=0.678) and 106.6±4.30 sec vs 106.8±3.93 sec (p=0.955) respectively] in whole population. In subgroup analysis, for patients off antiplatelet treatment (n=31), c-EPI was significantly decreased from 148.4±8.5 to 129.8±13.9 sec (p=0.036), but not c-ADP (from 105.4±5.3 to 99.3±4.9 sec, p=0.094). In patients who did receive antiplatelets (n=37), c-EPI and c-ADP were not significantly changed (c-EPI 163.1±10.9 to 179.6±13.9 sec p=0.201 and c-ADP from 106.6±8.2 sec to 114.6±7.3 sec, p=0.318) respectively.
Conclusion
Antiplatelet treatment prevents thrombotic risk in T2DM patients receiving novel antidiabetics. The effects of novel antidiabetics on platelet reactivity -as well as any distinct class properties- merits further investigation.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Stampouloglou
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - A Antonopoulos
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - G Siasos
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - E Bletsa
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - K Batzias
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - S A Paschou
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - E Oikonomou
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - N Gouliopoulos
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - V Tsigkou
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - E Kassi
- Laiko University General Hospital, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - A Thanopoulou
- Hippokration General Hospital, 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - A Vryonidou
- Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Athens, Greece
| | - N Tentolouris
- Laiko University General Hospital, Diabetes Center, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Z Pallantza
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - D Tousoulis
- Hippokration General Hospital, 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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4
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Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Duntas L, Kanakis GA, Kandaraki E, Karavitaki N, Kassi E, Livadas S, Mastorakos G, Migdalis I, Miras AD, Nader S, Papalou O, Poladian R, Popovic V, Rachoń D, Tigas S, Tsigos C, Tsilchorozidou T, Tzotzas T, Bargiota A, Pfeifer M. DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Drug-induced endocrinopathies and diabetes: a combo-endocrinology overview. Eur J Endocrinol 2019; 181:R73-R105. [PMID: 31242462 DOI: 10.1530/eje-19-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the currently overwhelming era of polypharmacy, the balance of the dynamic and delicate endocrine system can easily be disturbed by interfering pharmaceutical agents like medications. Drugs can cause endocrine abnormalities via different mechanisms, including direct alteration of hormone production, changes in the regulation of the feedback axis, on hormonal transport, binding and signaling, as well as similar changes to counter-regulatory hormone systems. Furthermore, drugs can interfere with the hormonal assays, leading to erroneous laboratory results that disorientate clinicians from the right diagnosis. The purpose of this review is to cover a contemporary topic, the drug-induced endocrinopathies, which was presented in the monothematic annual Combo Endo Course 2018. This challenging part of endocrinology is constantly expanding particularly during the last decade, with the new oncological therapeutic agents, targeting novel molecular pathways in the process of malignancies. In this new context of drug-induced endocrine disease, clinicians should be aware that drugs can cause endocrine abnormalities via different mechanisms and mimic a variety of clinical scenarios. Therefore, it is extremely important for clinicians not only to promptly recognize drug-induced hormonal and metabolic abnormalities, but also to address the therapeutic issues for timely intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Duntas
- Endocrine Clinic Evgenidion Hospital, University of Athens
| | - G A Kanakis
- Department of Endocrinology, Athens Naval & VA Hospital, Athens, Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, Athens, Greece
| | - E Kandaraki
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hygeia Hospital
| | - N Karavitaki
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - E Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, First Department of Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital Medical School, NKUA
| | - S Livadas
- Endocrine Unit, Metropolitan Hospital
| | - G Mastorakos
- Endocrine Unit, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Aretaieion' University Hospital
| | - I Migdalis
- Second Medical Department and Diabetes Centre, NIMTS Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - A D Miras
- Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S Nader
- Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrine Division, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - O Papalou
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hygeia Hospital
| | - R Poladian
- Department of Endocrinology, MLH University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - V Popovic
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - D Rachoń
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - S Tigas
- Department of Endocrinology, Ioannina University Hospital, Ioannina, Greece
| | - C Tsigos
- Harokopio University of Athens and HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - T Tzotzas
- St. Luke's Hospital, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Bargiota
- Department of Internal Medicine - Endocrinology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - M Pfeifer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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5
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Tsigkou V, Antonopoulos A, Gouliopoulos N, Konsola T, Vogiatzi G, Vavuranakis M, Kassi E, Siasos G, Tousoulis D. P4446Obesity paradox and type 2 diabetes mellitus: insights from a prospective follow-up study. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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6
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Kokkoris P, Chantziara K, Maniotis C, Kassi E. Increased lipid levels and insulin resistance in prehypertensive subjects. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Kassi E, Moutsatsou P. Glucocorticoid receptor signaling and prostate cancer. Cancer Lett 2011; 302:1-10. [PMID: 21078539 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are provided to hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) patients partly due to the inhibitory effects on adrenal androgen production acting as a pituitary suppressant. Nowadays, the combination of chemotherapy and dexamethasone is a standard treatment for HRPC patients while increasing evidence suggests that a lot of local tissue factors like growth factors, angiogenic/lymphogenic factors, apoptosis-related factors, cytokines related to the transition of prostate cancer from androgen dependence to hormone-refractory status, are among the targets of GR signaling. However, although glucocorticoids have been recognized to be one of a limited number of treatment options for HRPC, the molecular basis of GC-induced effects in prostate cancer remains poorly defined. In this review, we focus on how GCs induce effects via the GR-mediated transcriptional regulation of specific genes known to play key roles in cellular/tissue functions, including growth, apoptosis, inflammation, metastasis, differentiation, cell survival and angiogenesis. In our effort to unravel the molecular interplay of GR signaling with other signaling cascades prevalent in prostate cancer, we also include a detailed description of GR gene and protein structure/function and provide the knowledge gained recently into the mechanism(s) of the cross talk between GR and other signaling cascades via which GCs exert their multiple effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 M. Asias, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
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8
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Pneumaticos SG, Zafeiris CP, Chronopoulos E, Kassi E, Lyritis GP. Vitamin D deficiency resulting to a subsequent vertebral fracture after kyphoplasty. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 2011; 11:81-83. [PMID: 21364277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S G Pneumaticos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Athens, KAT Hospital, Greece
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9
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Abstract
Mifepristone is a synthetic progesterone antagonist that is being used widely for the treatment of various conditions such as endometriosis, glaucoma, meningiomas, breast, ovarian and prostate cancer, as well as for research purposes, in the conditional induction of gene expression by using artificial plasmid-based systems. Here, we report that exposure of A549 human lung cancer cells to mifepristone caused an atypical induction of the cellular unfolded protein response, as evidenced by the time-dependent stimulation of RNA levels of the chaperone Grp94 and PDIa, as well as the endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated receptors ATF6, PERK and eIF2 but not of their downstream target, transcription factor ATF4. This profile was very different from that of progesterone, which at the same dose as mifepristone, failed to induce all of the ER-stress-related genes examined, apart from PERK. Furthermore, XBP1, a transcription factor that is regulated predominantly by alternative splicing by the IRE1 receptor, remains unspliced and therefore inactive either by mifepristone or progesterone treatment. Finally, the pro-apoptotic molecules CHOP and BIM are only induced in the presence of tunicamycin in the culture medium. Tunicamycin, the most commonly used pharmacologic inducer of ER stress that triggers the canonical ER stress response, was used for comparison purposes. Our results suggest that mifepristone can elicit an atypical ER stress response when used at different doses and for different time points. The subsequent induction of UPR should be taken into consideration when this agent is being used either for therapeutic or for experimental uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dioufa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Athens Medical School, M. Asias 75, 115 27, Athens, Greece
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10
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Kassi E, Sourlingas TG, Spiliotaki M, Papoutsi Z, Pratsinis H, Aligiannis N, Moutsatsou P. Ursolic acid triggers apoptosis and Bcl-2 downregulation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cancer Invest 2009; 27:723-33. [PMID: 19440893 DOI: 10.1080/07357900802672712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this report we determine the ability of ursolic acid (UA) to induce apoptosis and to modulate glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) in MCF-7 cells. The UA-induced apoptosis (53 microM), the PARP cleavage, and the decrease in Bcl-2 protein (53 microM) support the notion that UA induces apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. UA binds GR (relative binding affinity: 2.57) and translocates GR into nucleus, suggesting its potential as a GR modulator. UA had no effect on GRE- or TRE-driven gene expression. In summary, UA is a GR modulator and may be considered as a potential anticancer agent in breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Binding, Competitive
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor/pathology
- Dexamethasone/pharmacology
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Genes, bcl-2
- HeLa Cells/drug effects
- HeLa Cells/metabolism
- HeLa Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Mifepristone/pharmacology
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/drug effects
- Transcription Factor AP-1/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Triamcinolone/pharmacology
- Triterpenes/pharmacology
- Ursolic Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kassi
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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11
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Kassi E, Dalamaga M, Faviou E, Hroussalas G, Kazanis K, Nounopoulos C, Dionyssiou-Asteriou A. Circulating oxidized LDL levels, current smoking and obesity in postmenopausal women. Atherosclerosis 2009; 205:279-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Revised: 10/28/2008] [Accepted: 11/09/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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12
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Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in pre-menopausal women characterized by menstrual cycle disturbances, chronic anovulation, and clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism. Although, the primary etiology of PCOS remains unknown, insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the syndrome. A growing body of recent data support that women with PCOS have displayed an increased prevelance of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors putting potentially at a hight risk for heart disease. Most of these CVD risk factors are etiologically correlated with insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia, highlighting the role of insulin sensitizers in the therapeutic quiver for the chronic treatment of PCOS. In this review, we discuss the current literature on the CVD risk factors in PCOS and the influence of insulin sensitizers upon these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Laiko General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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13
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Kassi E, Dalamaga M, Faviou E, Hroussalas G, Kazanis K, Dionyssiou-Asteriou A. OXIDIZED LDL AND POSTMENOPAUSAL OBESITY. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Kassi E, Papoutsi Z, Pratsinis H, Aligiannis N, Manoussakis M, Moutsatsou P. Ursolic acid, a naturally occurring triterpenoid, demonstrates anticancer activity on human prostate cancer cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2007; 133:493-500. [PMID: 17516089 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-007-0193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2005] [Accepted: 01/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glucocorticoids are widely used as adjuvant therapy in hormonal refractory prostate cancer; their therapeutic role, however, remains unclear. Ursolic acid, a natural triterpene, structurally similar to dexamethasone, exhibits antitumor effects in various cell types. Our main objective was to investigate the effects of ursolic acid on cell viability, apoptosis and bcl-2 protein, in human hormone refractory and androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells. METHODS The ursolic acid-induced changes in cell viability, apoptosis and bcl-2 protein were examined in human hormone refractory prostate cancer PC-3 cells and androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells, by MTT assay, flow cytometry and western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS Ursolic acid inhibited significantly the cell viability and induced apoptosis in PC-3 cells at 55 microM and in LNCaP cells at 45 microM associated with a downregulation of bcl-2 protein. CONCLUSIONS The antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of ursolic acid in PC-3 and LNCaP cells implicate its potential therapeutic use for the treatment of hormone refractory and androgen-sensitive prostate cancer. The downregulation of bcl-2 may be one of the molecular mechanisms via which it induces apoptosis in PC-3 and LNCaP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 115 27 Goudi, Athens, Greece
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15
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Hroussalas G, Kassi E, Delimaris I, Dalamaga M, Kazanis K, Zachari A, Dionyssiou-Asteriou A. PO19-521 ASSOCIATION OF ADIPONECTIN WITH HDL AND TRIGLYCERIDES SERUM LEVELS IN WOMEN WITH NORMAL AND IMPAIRED OGTT. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(07)71531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Papoutsi Z, Kassi E, Halabalaki M, Mitakou S, Moutsatsou P. Evaluation of estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity of Onobrychis ebenoides extract – Interaction with estrogen receptor subtypes ERα and ERβ. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 21:364-70. [PMID: 17092687 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2006.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2006] [Revised: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A protective effect of plant extract from Onobrychis ebenoides on ovariectomy-induced bone loss in rats has been shown. To investigate the molecular mechanisms that underly the beneficial effect of O. ebenoides (Onb) on bone loss, we studied its potential to activate ER subtypes (ERalpha and ERbeta) on transiently transfected HeLa cells with HO-hERalpha or pSG5-hERbeta and 3xERE-TATA-Luc expression vectors. Its impact to stimulate differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts (KS483 cell line) by Alizarin Red-S staining was also examined. Furthermore we sought to induce for its potential the IGFBP3, a known estrogen-dependent marker in MCF7 breast cancer cells. 17beta-Estradiol and the pure antiestrogen ICI182780 were included to serve as control samples of the estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity respectively. Our data revealed: (1) Onb extract displayed a significant estrogenic activity on both ERalpha and ERbeta subtypes. (2) It exhibited direct action on osteoblasts by inducing mineralization. (3) It showed estrogenic activity in MCF7 cells. These findings suggest that the beneficial effect of Onb extract on bone loss is mediated through an estrogen-like action via activation of ERalpha-ERE and ERbeta-ERE pathways and via direct action on the mineralization process of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Papoutsi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens 75, Mikras Asias Str, Goudi 11527, Athens, Greece
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17
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Kassi E, Vlachoyiannopoulos PG, Kominakis A, Kiaris H, Moutsopoulos HM, Moutsatsou P. Estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus: a possible risk? Lupus 2005; 14:391-8. [PMID: 15934440 DOI: 10.1191/0961203305lu2104oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens and their receptors may play a role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Genetic alterations in the exon 8-coding region of the estrogen receptor alpha alter the intracellular signalling of estrogens, leading in enhanced or diminished activity. We investigated whether genetic alterations in exon 8 of ERalpha gene are associated with the occurrence and clinical features of lupus disease. The coding region of ERalpha exon 8 was subjected to mutation analysis using the polymerase chain reaction, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and sequence analysis, using DNA isolated from whole blood of 36 female patients and 38 healthy females. Clinical and laboratory parameters were available from the patients' files. We identified the codon 594 polymorphism either in homozygous for the wild type gene (ACG/ACG) or heterozygous (ACG/ACA), both in patients and healthy females. Statistical analysis of the genotype and allele distribution revealed that there was a significant difference (chi2 test, P = 0.02 and P = 0.04, respectively) between patients and healthy women. Odds ratio estimate revealed that carriers of ACG/ACA genotype have three-fold higher risk of developing lupus disease (OR = 3.129, 95% CI 1.181-8.292). Moreover, in patients the heterozygous genotype was associated with rash, mouth ulcers and serositis (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.055, P = 0.083, P = 0.065, respectively). The heterozygous patients were associated significantly with an early age at disease onset (ANOVA test, P < 0.05). We conclude that estrogen receptor alpha codon 594 genotype may influence the development of systemic lupus erythematosus at a younger age, as well as a certain disease clinical pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece
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18
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Fountas L, Anapliotou M, Kominakis A, Sekeris CE, Kassi E, Moutsatsou P. Estrogen receptor alpha gene analysis in osteoporosis and familial osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2004; 15:948-56. [PMID: 15258723 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-004-1654-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2003] [Accepted: 04/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens are important determinants of bone mineral density (BMD) mediating their effects via estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and beta (ERbeta). The strong genetic predisposition to osteoporosis, and the fact that alterations in the aminoterminal region of ERalpha have been linked to bone disturbances, prompted us to identify genetic alterations in exon 1 and exon 2 of ERalpha in osteoporotic individuals. Sixty-two unrelated normal subjects (age 46.1+/-9.5 years) and 72 unrelated osteoporotic subjects (age 52.3+/-7.9 years) were studied. Their menopausal status was pre- and perimenopausal. We also included 30 related osteoporotic individuals (mother-daughter or sister-sister relationship) (age 46.2+/-12.8 years) belonging to 14 families who where also pre- and perimenopausal. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, exons 1 and 2 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and were further submitted to denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), single stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequence analysis. Bone turnover markers were also determined. Two polymorphisms were identified in exon 1 (codons 10 and 87) in both normal and osteoporotic women. Statistical analysis revealed no difference (P>0.05) in the ERalpha genotype frequencies within osteoporotic families as compared with the same genotypes in the unrelated normal or osteoporotic subjects. Codon 10, codon 87 polymorphisms were not related to BMD or bone turnover markers. No other mutations were found in exons 1 and 2 in all subjects studied. Genetic alterations in exons 1 and 2 of ERalpha are not associated to osteoporosis and familial osteoporosis. Moreover, the codon 10 and codon 87 polymorphisms do not seem to be correlated with BMD and bone turnover markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fountas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece
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19
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Kanga JM, Kacou ED, Kouame K, Kassi E, Kaloga M, Yao JK, Dion-Laine M, Avoaka LE, Yoboue-Yao P, Sangare A, Ecra JE, Ahogo C, Djedje MS, Kadiri AJ, Aye C. [Buruli ulcer: epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects in the Ivory Coast]. Med Trop (Mars) 2004; 64:238-42. [PMID: 15497322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J M Kanga
- Direction de Coordination du Programme national de lutte contre les ulcères à mycobactéries, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
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20
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Kassi E, Moutsatsou P, Sekeris CE, Moutsopoulos HM, Manoussakis MN. Oestrogen receptors in cultured epithelial cells from salivary glands of Sjogren's syndrome patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2003; 42:1120-2. [PMID: 12923274 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keg290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Moutsatsou P, Fountas L, Coulocheri S, Kassi E, Sekeris CE. The oestrogen receptor codon 10 polymorphism detected in breast cancer is also present in non-malignant cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1999; 125:214-8. [PMID: 10235476 DOI: 10.1007/s004320050265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of oestrogens on oestrogen-receptive organs and cells is mediated via intracellular receptors (ERalpha and ERbeta). Oestrogen receptor gene polymorphisms in the region encoding the N-terminal portion of the protein are reportedly associated with pathological conditions including breast cancer, hypertension, spontaneous abortion and coronary heart disease. A silent mutation in codon 10 of exon 1, detected in ER-negative and ER-positive human breast cancer cell lines, in breast tumors and blood DNA from breast cancer patients, has been recognized as a polymorphic site. In this study we examined, by denaturing gradient-gel electrophoresis and DNA sequence analysis, the possible presence of a codon 10 polymorphic site in normal oestrogen target organs and cells such as the uterus (myometrium and endometrium), in the placenta and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in a benign uterus tumour (leiomyoma). We have detected ER codon 10 polymorphism in these samples and have compared them to those observed in breast cancer samples. All tissues and cells studied were homozygous for the wild-type gene, and were heterozygous as well as homozygous for the codon-10-variant type. These results indicate that the presence of the codon-10-variant type is not a characteristic of breast cancer. Out current findings suggest that further investigations are warranted to elucidate the possible linkage of ER codon 10 polymorphism to physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Moutsatsou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, University of Athens Medical School, Greece
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22
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Moutsatsou P, Kassi E, Creatsas G, Coulocheri S, Scheller K, Sekeris CE. Detection of oestrogen receptor variants in endometrium, myometrium, leiomyoma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells: comparison to variants present in breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1998; 124:478-84. [PMID: 9808421 DOI: 10.1007/s004320050202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Oestradiol has mitogenic and regulatory effects on various organs and cells, mediated mainly by its nuclear receptor (ER). The presence of aberrant ER forms in Oestrogen-dependent tumours has been discussed in correlation with tumour progression. ER variants, generated by alternative splicing, have been detected in human breast cancer, but also in normal mammary glands, therefore their role in tumorigenesis has been questioned. We have investigated, by the use of the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction amplification technique, the possible existence of ER variants in other normal oestrogen target organs and cells, such as uterus (myometrium and endometrium), in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in a benign uterus tumour (leiomyoma). We have detected variant ER in these samples and have compared the variant profile to that observed in breast cancer. All tissues and cells studied expressed both wild-type ER and variant species. Variant forms encompassed ER with deletions of exons 2, 5 and 7. Variants with exon 5 deleted were detected only in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in breast cancer. Variants with exons 2 and 7 deleted were present in all specimens tested. These results corroborate previous findings that the presence of ER variants is not a characteristic of breast cancer. The physiological significance and possible clinical relevance of the variant ER forms remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Moutsatsou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, University of Athens Medical School, Greece
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23
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Bankolé Sanni R, Denoulet C, Coulibaly B, Nandiolo R, Kassi E, Honde M, Mobiot ML. [Apropos of 1 Ivoirian case of osseus and cutaneous histoplasmosis by Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1998; 91:151-3. [PMID: 9642470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Humeral, tibial and cutaneous localizations of Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii were observed on a 6 year old boy. The diagnosis was made possible by anatomo-pathological and mycological examinations. Treatment with terbinafine was administrated for 4 months. The boy recovered without after-effects in the tibial localization, but did suffer after-effects in the humeral localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bankolé Sanni
- Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, CHU de Treichville, Abidjan, Côte-d'Ivoire
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