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Marazziti D, Parra E, Palermo S, Barberi FM, Buccianelli B, Ricciardulli S, Cappelli A, Mucci F, Dell'Osso L. Vitamin D: A Pleiotropic Hormone with Possible Psychotropic Activities. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3843-3864. [PMID: 33302828 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666201210104701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After the recognition of the efficacy of cod-liver oil in rickets at the end of the eighteenth century, and the isolation and synthesis of the liposoluble vitamin D in 1931, its mode of actions and functions were deeply explored. Biochemical studies permitted to identify five forms of vitamin D, called D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5, differing in ultrastructural conformation and origin, with vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and D3 (cholecalciferol) representing the active forms. In the last decades especially, a constantly increasing bulk of data highlighted how vitamin D could regulate several activities and processes. AIMS The aim of the present paper was to review and comment on the literature on vitamin D, with a focus on its possible role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. DISCUSSION Available literature indicates that vitamin D regulates a variety of processes in humans and in the central nervous system. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an enhanced pro-inflammatory state, and formation of Aβ oligomers that might contribute to the cognitive decline typical of the elderly age and, perhaps, dementia. More in general, vitamin D is supposed to play a crucial role in neuroinflammation processes that are currently hypothesized to be involved in the pathophysiology of different psychiatric disorders, such as major depression, bipolar disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders and psychosis. CONCLUSION It is conceivable that vitamin D supplementation might pave the way towards "natural" treatments of a broad range of neuropsychiatric disorders, or at least be useful to boost response to psychotropic drugs in resistant cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Marazziti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Parra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefania Palermo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Maria Barberi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Buccianelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Ricciardulli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Cappelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Mucci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
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Raszewski G, Bojar I, Łukawski K, Bakalczuk G, Owoc A, Wdowiak A. 25-hydroxyvitamin D status and its impact on cognitive functions in postmenopausal woman. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2019. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.5604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of the study was to analyze the cognitive functions in postmenopausal women carriers of Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms (APOE) with different status of vitamin D levels. Material/Methods: 170 ambulatory individuals aged 50 years or older were evaluated. A computerized battery of Central Nervous System Vital Signs (CNS VS) was used for diagnostic cognitive functions. APOE genotype was performed by multiplex PCR. Serum 25(OH)D and estradiol levels were measured using the 25OHD EIA assay and Estradiol ELISA Kits. Results: Considerably worse scores in global cognitive performance index (NCI) were obtained by women with severe deficiency of 25(OH)D (p <0.001). The cognitive effects of very low 25(OH)D levels were apparent in memory, executive functioning, complex attention, and cognitive flexibility. The genotype APOE ε3/ε4 or ε4/ε4 were most common (19.6%; 15.2%, respectively) in women with 25(OH)D severe deficiency which had the weakest average results in terms of NCI value. Conclusions: The severe deficiency of 25(OH)D vitamin was related with a greater likelihood of cognitive impairment and risk of cognitive decline in postmenopausal women with no dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Raszewski
- Department of Toxicology and Food Safety, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Iwona Bojar
- Department of Woman Health, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Łukawski
- Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bakalczuk
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics-Gynaecological Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Alfred Owoc
- Polish Society of Social Medicine and Public Health, Poland
| | - Artur Wdowiak
- Diagnostic Techniques Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University (Collegium Maximum), Lublin, Poland
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Kisioglu B, Nergiz-Unal R. The powerful story against cardiovascular diseases: Dietary factors. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2017.1410172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Betul Kisioglu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Reyhan Nergiz-Unal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Schmitt EB, Nahas-Neto J, Bueloni-Dias F, Poloni PF, Orsatti CL, Petri Nahas EA. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2017; 107:97-102. [PMID: 29169589 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between vitamin D (VD) deficiency and risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) in postmenopausal women. STUDY DESIGN Observational, cross-sectional cohort study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES In this study, 463 women, aged 45-75 years, with amenorrhea >12months, without VD supplementation or established cardiovascular disease were included. Clinical and anthropometric data were collected. Biochemical parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL, triglycerides, glucose, insulin and 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25(OH)D] were measured. Women meeting three or more of the following criteria were diagnosed with MetS: waist circumference >88cm, triglycerides ≥150mg/dL, HDL <50mg/dL, blood pressure ≥130/85mmHg and glucose ≥100mg/dL. Serum 25(OH)D levels were classified as sufficient (≥30ng/mL), insufficient (20-29ng/mL) or deficient (<20ng/mL). ANOVA, chi-square test and logistic regression (odds ratio, OR) were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D levels were sufficient in 148 women (32.0%), insufficient in 151 (32.6%) and deficient in 164 (35.4%). Women with low 25(OH)D levels had higher TC, triglycerides, insulin and HOMA-IR levels (p<0.05). MetS was detected in 57.8% (182/315) of women with hypovitaminosis D (insufficient and deficient) and in 39.8% (59/148) of those with sufficient VD (p=0.003). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, a low 25(OH)D level (<30ng/mL) was significantly associated with MetS (OR1.90, 95%CI=1.26-2.85), high triglyceride levels (OR1.55, 95%CI=1.13-2.35), and low HDL levels (OR1.60, 95%CI=1.19-2.40) (p<0.05) compared with women with sufficient 25(OH)D levels, after adjusting for age, time since menopause, body mass index, smoking and physical exercise. The mean concentration of 25(OH)D decreased with increasing numbers of MetS components (p=0.016). CONCLUSIONS VD deficiency in postmenopausal women was associated with a higher prevalence of MetS. Women with VD deficiency had a higher risk of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL than those with adequate levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneida Boteon Schmitt
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Nahas-Neto
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia Bueloni-Dias
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Ferreira Poloni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio Lera Orsatti
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliana Aguiar Petri Nahas
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Kim M, Kim TH, Lee HH, Kim HY, Oh MJ. The Role of Vitamin D in Menopausal Medicine. KOSIN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.7180/kmj.2016.31.1.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is the time at which menstruation stops in women. After menopause, women are more susceptible to some diseases, especially osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Vitamin D has a protective effect against osteoporosis by facilitating the absorption of calcium and affecting parathyroid hormone. Vitamin D also affects cardiovascular function by lowering the blood pressure, which affects the renin–angiotensin system and alters the low-density lipoprotein receptor activity. This paper discusses supplemental vitamin D in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease.
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Kim M, Kim TH, Lee HH, Kim HY, Oh MJ. The Role of Vitamin D in Menopausal Medicine. KOSIN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.7180/kmj.2016.31.2.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is the time at which menstruation stops in women. After menopause, women are more susceptible to some diseases, especially osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Vitamin D has a protective effect against osteoporosis by facilitating the absorption of calcium and affecting parathyroid hormone. Vitamin D also affects cardiovascular function by lowering the blood pressure, which affects the renin–angiotensin system and alters the low-density lipoprotein receptor activity. This paper discusses supplemental vitamin D in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease.
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Atis O, Keles M, Cankaya E, Dogan H, Aksoy H, Akcay F. Vitamin D Treatment Effect on Serum Endocan and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Renal Transplant Patients. Prog Transplant 2016; 26:335-339. [DOI: 10.1177/1526924816664086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Context: Endocan is a marker showing endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. Significantly increased endocan levels have been observed in serum of patients with sepsis and cancer. Objective: Our aim was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D treatment and serum endocan and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels as inflammatory markers in transplant patients. Design: Prospective. Setting: Nephrology clinic. Patients: Thirty-eight renal transplant patients with serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-OH-vitamin D) levels below 20 ng/mL and transplanted at least 12 months. Intervention: One-time oral dose of 300 000 IU vitamin D3. Main Outcome Measures: Before and after vitamin D treatment, serum endocan, hs-CRP, calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were measured. Results: Median serum endocan and PTH values before vitamin D were significantly higher than those of after treatment values ( P = .001 and P < .001, respectively). On the other hand, serum total calcium and phosphorus levels before vitamin D treatment were lower than the values obtained after vitamin D treatment ( P = .0013 and P < .001, respectively). Serum hs-CRP was lower after vitamin D therapy than before, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P = .06). A moderate negative correlation was determined between endocan and 25-OH-vitamin D levels after treatment with vitamin D ( r = −.36, P = .02). Conclusion: This study has revealed that vitamin D treatment reduced markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with renal transplantation and vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Atis
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Keles
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, Mevlana University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Erdem Cankaya
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Dogan
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hulya Aksoy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Akcay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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El-Barbary AM, Hussein MS, Rageh EM, Essa SA, Zaytoun HA. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in rheumatoid arthritis and its association with atherosclerosis. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/1110-161x.163947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Rahimi-Ardabili H, Pourghassem Gargari B, Farzadi L. Effects of vitamin D on cardiovascular disease risk factors in polycystic ovary syndrome women with vitamin D deficiency. J Endocrinol Invest 2013; 36:28-32. [PMID: 22453059 DOI: 10.3275/8303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among women, including patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Some studies have suggested that vitamin D may have a role in cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is very limited data on the vitamin D effect on CVD risk factors in women with PCOS and vitamin D deficiency. AIM To investigate the effect of cholecalciferol on CVD risk factors in PCOS women with vitamin D deficiency. METHODS The study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double blinded trial. Fifty PCOS women with vitamin D deficiency (vitamin D, no. = 24; placebo, no. = 26) aged 20-40 yr, were randomly assigned to receive 3 oral capsules of 50,000 IU vitamin D3 or a placebo (one capsule every 20 days) for two months. Serum vitamin D, PTH, lipid profile, apolipoprotein AI (APO-AI), and high sensitive C- reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured at baseline and after treatment. RESULTS Vitamin D3 therapy in PCOS patients, increased serum vitamin D (7.00 ± 2.80 to 22.9 ± 6.14 ng/ml), decreased serum total cholesterol (196.6 ± 32.8 to 179.1 ± 34.1 mg/dl), triglyceride (156.8 ± 73.0 to 130.5 ± 56.5 mg/dl), and VLDL (31.4 ± 14.6 to 26.1 ± 11.3 mg/dl) levels significantly (p < 0.05), but it did not affect serum HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, APO-AI, and hs-CRP concentrations. There was no change in variables in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that vitamin D3 therapy had beneficial effects on some CVD risk factors in PCOS patients with vitamin D deficiency. The trial was registered at IRCT.ir (IRCT138904113140N2).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rahimi-Ardabili
- Students' Research Committee, Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Bianchi S, Maffei S, Prontera C, Battaglia D, Vassalle C. Preanalytical, analytical (DiaSorin LIAISON) and clinical variables potentially affecting the 25-OH Vitamin D estimation. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:1652-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Negredo E, Puig J, Bonjoch A, Pérez-Alvárez N, Echeverría P, Estany C, Pastor MC, Granada ML, Clotet B. Similarly high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in HIV-infected subjects with and without low bone mineral density. Future Virol 2012. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.12.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent among HIV-infected patients. Since hypovitaminosis D is a secondary cause of low bone mineral density (BMD), we assessed its prevalence and associated factors in HIV-infected patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis, compared with HIV-infected patients with normal BMD. Materials & methods: Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration were collected from 149 HIV-infected subjects with low BMD and 36 with normal BMD from April to October, 2010. Regression analyses were fitted to predict the probability of hypovitaminosis D in all patients. Results: Of the 149 patients with low BMD (51.8 ± 8 years old, 76.5% men), 83% had vitamin D insufficiency (<30 ng/ml) and 7.4% had severe deficiency (<10 ng/ml). In comparison, insufficiency was present in 75% of subjects from the group with normal BMD (p = 0.60) and no subject was severely deficient (p = 0.13). Among subjects with low BMD, 1.8% of men had low levels of testosterone, 5.4% of patients had high levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, (all with normal free thyroxine levels) and 14.6% had high levels of parathyroid hormone. Univariate analysis showed significant associations between hypovitaminosis D and the current use of non-nucleosides (β-coefficient: -3.797; standard deviation: 1.538; p = 0.015), whereas protease inhibitors were associated with higher levels of vitamin D (β-coefficient: 4.640; standard deviation: 1.673; p = 0.006). Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis D was highly prevalent in our patients with low BMD but also in those with normal bone dual x-ray energy absorptionmetry scan. 25(OH)D should be periodically monitored, although the benefit of vitamin D and calcium supplements on bone mineralization has not yet been investigated in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugènia Negredo
- Lluita contra la SIDA foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Puig
- Lluita contra la SIDA foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Bonjoch
- Lluita contra la SIDA foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Núria Pérez-Alvárez
- Lluita contra la SIDA foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
- Statistics & Operation Research Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Echeverría
- Lluita contra la SIDA foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carla Estany
- Lluita contra la SIDA foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Cruz Pastor
- Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Granada
- Biochemistry Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- Lluita contra la SIDA foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
- Statistics & Operation Research Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
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Muldowney S, Lucey AJ, Hill TR, Seamans KM, Taylor N, Wallace JMW, Horigan G, Barnes MS, Bonham MP, Duffy EM, Strain JJ, Cashman KD, Kiely M. Incremental cholecalciferol supplementation up to 15 μg/d throughout winter at 51-55° N has no effect on biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in healthy young and older adults. J Nutr 2012; 142:1519-25. [PMID: 22739371 DOI: 10.3945/jn.111.154005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Two separate, identical, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled intervention studies were carried out in the south and north of Ireland (51-55°N). Men and women aged 20-40 y (n = 202) and ≥64 y (n = 192) received cholecalciferol at doses of 0 (P), 5 (D3-5), 10 (D3-10), or 15 (D3-15) μg/d (0-600 IU) during wintertime. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [s25(OH)D], intact parathyroid hormone, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting lipids, glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR, high-sensitivity CRP, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and its inhibitor (tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-1) were measured at baseline (October) and 22 wk later at endpoint (March). Vitamin D receptor Fok I and Taq I genotypes were analyzed and dietary intakes of vitamin D and calcium were assessed. In young adults, s25(OH)D decreased from baseline to endpoint (P < 0.001), except in the D3-15 group, who maintained the baseline concentration of ~70 nmol/L. Older adults had lower s25(OH)D at baseline (median, 54.2 nmol/L) and concentrations increased in the D3-10 and D3-15 groups (P < 0.001). There were no significant effects of supplementation on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk biomarkers in either age group. Fasting glucose and total and HDL cholesterol were lower (P < 0.05) in older adults with the Fok 1 ff genotype than in those with FF or Ff. Putative effects of vitamin D on cardio-metabolic health will only be evident at higher intakes than the current RDA and possibly in individuals at particular risk of low s25(OH)D and/or CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Muldowney
- Vitamin D Research Group, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College, Cork, Ireland
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Fung GJ, Steffen LM, Zhou X, Harnack L, Tang W, Lutsey PL, Loria CM, Reis JP, Van Horn LV. Vitamin D intake is inversely related to risk of developing metabolic syndrome in African American and white men and women over 20 y: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 96:24-9. [PMID: 22648727 PMCID: PMC3374731 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.036863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D intake may play a key role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE We evaluated associations of dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake with the 20-y incidence of metabolic syndrome. DESIGN Data from 4727 black and white young men and women from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study were used to examine relations of dietary plus supplemental vitamin D intake with the incidence of metabolic syndrome (as defined by Adult Treatment Panel, third report, guidelines) and the prevalence of its components, including abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, and high glucose, low HDL, and high triglyceride concentrations. RESULTS The intake of vitamin D from dietary and supplemental sources was inversely related to the 20-y cumulative prevalence of abdominal obesity (P = 0.05) and high glucose (P = 0.02) and low HDL (P = 0.004) concentrations after adjustment for age, sex, race, education, center, and energy intake. In comparison with the lowest intake quintile (quintile 1), HRs (95% CIs) of developing incident metabolic syndrome for quintiles 2-5 of vitamin D intake were 0.82 (0.67, 1.00), 0.84 (0.68, 1.03), 0.70 (0.56, 0.88), and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.65, 1.02), respectively (P-trend = 0.03) after adjustment for demographic and lifestyle factors. CONCLUSIONS In young adults, the dietary plus supplemental vitamin D intake was inversely related to the development of incident metabolic syndrome over 20 y of follow-up. These findings support the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans to increase intakes of vitamin D-rich foods, such as milk and fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace J Fung
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
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Goshayeshi L, Saber H, Sahebari M, Rezaieyazdi Z, Rafatpanah H, Esmaily H, Goshayeshi L. Association between metabolic syndrome, BMI, and serum vitamin D concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2012; 31:1197-203. [PMID: 22581277 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-012-1995-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common autoimmune arthritis. The impact of chronic inflammation on atherosclerosis and insulin resistance has been observed in several autoimmune diseases. On the other hand, metabolic syndrome (MetS); a cluster of traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis and diabetes seems to be prevalent in RA patients. It is reasonable to think that protective factors against inflammation can protect patients against atherosclerosis and diabetes, too. Vitamin D (Vit D), a novel immunomodulator, is recently considered to play a protective role against cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance, and obesity. This cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the impact of serum Vit D on MetS and body mass index (BMI). One hundred twenty RA patients were enrolled. MetS was assessed according to Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. All patients with known confounders influencing Vit D serum levels were excluded. Serum value of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured using a commercial ELISA kit. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. A logistic regression analysis stated that prednisolone dosage [p = 0.028, β = 0.177, odds ratio (OR) = 1.194, confidence interval (CI, 1.09-1.32)], age [p = 0.002, β = 0.146, OR = 1.57, CI (1.05-1.27)] and Vit D serum levels [p = 0.049, β = -3.766, OR = 0.023, CI (0.001-0.978)] are all significant predictors of MetS occurrence in RA patients. It was shown that 25(OH)D is a protective factor against MetS. It was also shown that there is a negative correlation between BMI and 25(OH)D serum levels (P = 0.037, r (s) = -0.266). In summary, this study suggested that 25(OH)D plays a protective role against MetS in RA patients. However, this cross-sectional study did not permit a power calculation on the causal relationship between Vit D and metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, Vit D has a negative correlation with BMI in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Goshayeshi
- School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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EMAS position statement: Vitamin D and postmenopausal health. Maturitas 2012; 71:83-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Abstract
With ongoing improvement in antiretroviral therapy, mortality among HIV-infected persons has dramatically decreased. For HIV-infected persons who remain engaged in care on suppressive therapy, life expectancy approaches that of the general population. Additionally, we have seen increases in comorbidities traditionally associated with aging: diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, ischemic heart disease, and osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency has also been identified as a highly prevalent entity among HIV-infected populations. The association of vitamin D deficiency with several of these comorbidities and its impact on immune function provide the impetus for well-designed studies to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on HIV disease and antiretroviral therapy. This review summarizes the role of vitamin D in several disease states that are prevalent among HIV populations, with a specific focus on bone health and the interactions with antiretroviral medications.
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Climacteric Commentaries. Climacteric 2011; 14:400-1. [DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2011.579039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lamb JJ, Holick MF, Lerman RH, Konda VR, Minich DM, Desai A, Chen TC, Austin M, Kornberg J, Chang JL, Hsi A, Bland JS, Tripp ML. Nutritional supplementation of hop rho iso-alpha acids, berberine, vitamin D3, and vitamin K1 produces a favorable bone biomarker profile supporting healthy bone metabolism in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Nutr Res 2011; 31:347-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2011.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Pérez-López FR, Chedraui P, Fernández-Alonso AM. Vitamin D and aging: beyond calcium and bone metabolism. Maturitas 2011; 69:27-36. [PMID: 21429678 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels are common and may be associated with morbidity and mortality (and indeed with frailty more generally). This association is not restricted to the links between vitamin D and calcium and bone metabolism. OBJECTIVE To review the influences of vitamin D on the aging process other than those related to bone and calcium. Its effect on mortality is also assessed. METHODS The PubMed database was searched for English-language articles relating to vitamin D, using the following MeSH terms: vitamin D, mortality, cardiovascular diseases, and frailty. In addition, searches were carried out with Google. RESULTS Although some of the reported results have proved controversial, overall the evidence seems to support an association between low serum 25[OH]D levels and mortality rates (all-cause and cardiovascular). Frailty is a condition frequently associated with low serum 25[OH]D levels. CONCLUSION The aging process and mortality are associated with low vitamin D levels. Prospective controlled trials are warranted to determine whether vitamin D supplements can increase longevity and reduce the incidence of certain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustino R Pérez-López
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Clínico, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Behr GA, Schnorr CE, Moreira JCF. Increased blood oxidative stress in experimental menopause rat model: the effects of vitamin A low-dose supplementation upon antioxidant status in bilateral ovariectomized rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2011; 26:235-49. [PMID: 21226757 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2010.00923.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Menopause has been reported to be associated with increased oxidative stress and metabolic disorders among women worldwide. Disarrangements in the redox state similar to those observed in women during the decline of ovarian hormonal activity can be obtained experimentally through rat bilateral ovariectomy. The search for alternative treatments to improve life quality in postmenopausal woman is really important. The aim of this study was to evaluate biochemical and oxidative stress parameters that distinguish sham-operated female rats from Wistar rats bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX). Additionally, we have also investigated the effects of retinol palmitate (a vitamin A supplement) low-dose supplementation (500 or 1500 IU/kg/day, during 30 days) upon blood and plasma antioxidant status in OVX rats. Ovariectomy caused an increase in body weight gain, pronounced uterine atrophy, decreased plasma triglycerides and increased total cholesterol levels, and reduced acid uric content. Moreover, we found increased blood peroxidase activities (catalase and glutathione peroxidase), decreased plasma non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses total reactive antioxidant potential and total antioxidant reactivity, decreased protein and non-protein SH levels, accompanied by increased protein oxidative damage (carbonyl). In addition, vitamin A low-dose supplementation was capable to ameliorate antioxidant status in OVX rats, restoring both enzymatic and non-enzymatic defenses, promoting reduction in plasma SH content, and decreasing protein oxidative damage levels. This is the first work in the literature showing that vitamin A at low dose may be beneficial in the treatment of menopause symptoms. Further studies will be made to better understand the effects of vitamin A supplementation in menopause rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Antônio Behr
- Center of Oxidative Stress Research, Professor Tuiskon Dick Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Basic Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Abstract
The cardiometabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of related metabolic abnormalities including abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and increased inflammatory and thrombotic markers, which is linked to increased risk of type 2 diabetes, CVD and overall mortality. Several cross-sectional and prospective studies have shown an association between low vitamin D status, as indicated by concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s25(OH)D), and increased prevalence of the MetS and individual CVD risk factors. These epidemiological observations are supported by mechanistic studies but experimental data are limited. The available data from intervention studies are largely confounded as most vitamin D supplementation trials were mainly carried out to explore the role of Ca in CVD and include Ca in the treatment arms. Inadequate consideration of seasonal effects on s25(OH)D concentrations is also a common design flaw in most studies. Further complications arise from shared risk factors such as adiposity and ageing, which predispose individuals to exhibit both a more pronounced risk profile and relatively lower s25(OH)D concentrations. In conclusion, while epidemiological associations are promising and a rationale for low vitamin D status as a potentially modifiable risk factor for CVD is supported by mechanistic data, suitable experimental data from appropriately designed trials are just beginning to emerge. As yet, this body of literature is too immature to draw firm conclusions on the role of vitamin D in CVD prevention. Carefully controlled vitamin D trials in well-described population groups using intervention doses that are titrated against target s25(OH)D concentrations could yield potentially valuable outcomes that may have a positive impact on CVD risk modification.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2010; 17:384-93. [PMID: 20588116 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e32833c4b2b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Borrelli F, Ernst E. Alternative and complementary therapies for the menopause. Maturitas 2010; 66:333-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2010.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Beydoun MA, Boueiz A, Shroff MR, Beydoun HA, Wang Y, Zonderman AB. Associations among 25-hydroxyvitamin D, diet quality, and metabolic disturbance differ by adiposity in adults in the United States. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:3814-27. [PMID: 20463091 PMCID: PMC2913037 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recent evidence indicates that a higher plasma level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is associated with lower adiposity and a reduced number of metabolic disturbances (MetD). OBJECTIVES We examined associations among dietary quality, 25(OH)D, percent body fat (%BF), and MetD, and a pathway linking them, across central obesity. DESIGN This cross-sectional nationally representative study used extensive data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of 2001-2004. PARTICIPANTS U.S. adults aged at least 20 yr were stratified by central obesity (CO) status. Sample sizes ranged from 1943 (all MetD combined) to 7796 (each component). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES %BF was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and MetD was measured with individual continuous nonadiposity outcomes (e.g. fasting plasma glucose) and with a composite count index of binary MetD with prespecified cutoff points (Index I). RESULTS A higher 25(OH)D was associated with better dietary quality, lower %BF, and lower number of MetD. These inverse 25(OH)D-%BF and 25(OH)D-MetD associations (i.e. fasting blood glucose, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, and Index I) were significantly stronger among the CO+ group. Finally, the pathway linking the dairy component of the Healthy Eating Index (HEIdairy) to Index I through 25(OH)D and %BF indicated complete mediation among the CO- group, but HEIdairy and 25(OH)D had direct inverse associations with Index I among the CO+ group. CONCLUSIONS Due to potential genetic differences between CO- and CO+ groups, empowering U.S. adults with central obesity to make related behavioral changes may be especially effective in improving their vitamin D status and metabolic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Beydoun
- National Institutes of Health Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Room 04b118, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
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Pérez-López FR, Cuadros-López JL, Fernández-Alonso AM, Cuadros-Celorrio AM, Sabatel-López RM, Chedraui P. Assessing fatal cardiovascular disease risk with the SCORE (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation) scale in post-menopausal women 10 years after different hormone treatment regimens. Gynecol Endocrinol 2010; 26:533-8. [PMID: 19916873 DOI: 10.3109/09513590903367028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess fatal cardiovascular disease (FCD) risk among women in early post-menopausal years, as evaluated with the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) scale. DESIGN This was a retrospective study of parallel cohorts. Two hundred seventy-three healthy post-menopausal women. Participants received one of the following hormone treatment (HT) regimens: transdermal estradiol (50 microg) (n = 99), sequential cyclic HT with transdermal estradiol (50 microg/day) plus 200 mg/day natural micronised oral progesterone (cycle days 12-25) (n = 63) and combined HT using transdermal estradiol (50 microg) plus 100 mg/day of micronised oral progesterone (n = 61). A group of women who elected not to use HT served as control group (n = 50). SCORE values were assessed before HT or follow up. RESULTS Only one woman displayed a high-risk SCORE value both before and after 10 years of HT, the remaining had low risk values (<5%) for FCD. After 10 years, SCORE values increased significantly as compared to baseline among HT users (all three regimens) and controls. Although post-treatment SCORE values significantly differed among groups, values were all below the high risk cut-off (5%). There were no FCD events during the 10 year observation period. CONCLUSION As assessed with the SCORE scale, FCD risk in young post-menopausal women (HT users and controls) had a slight significant increase after 10 years, being values in the low risk range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustino R Pérez-López
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Zaragoza Hospital Clínico, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Pérez-López FR, Larrad-Mur L, Kallen A, Chedraui P, Taylor HS. Gender differences in cardiovascular disease: hormonal and biochemical influences. Reprod Sci 2010; 17:511-31. [PMID: 20460551 PMCID: PMC3107852 DOI: 10.1177/1933719110367829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis is a complex process characterized by an increase in vascular wall thickness owing to the accumulation of cells and extracellular matrix between the endothelium and the smooth muscle cell wall. There is evidence that females are at lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) as compared to males. This has led to an interest in examining the contribution of genetic background and sex hormones to the development of CVD. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of factors, including those related to gender, that influence CVD. METHODS Evidence analysis from PubMed and individual searches concerning biochemical and endocrine influences and gender differences, which affect the origin and development of CVD. RESULTS Although still controversial, evidence suggests that hormones including estradiol and androgens are responsible for subtle cardiovascular changes long before the development of overt atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION Exposure to sex hormones throughout an individual's lifespan modulates many endocrine factors involved in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustino R Pérez-López
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Clínico de Zaragoza Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
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Pérez-López FR, Pérez-Roncero G, López-Baena MT. Vitamin D and adolescent health. ADOLESCENT HEALTH MEDICINE AND THERAPEUTICS 2010; 1:1-8. [PMID: 28028383 PMCID: PMC5175574 DOI: 10.2147/ahmt.s7472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a hormone sequentially produced at different body sites, and which plays a significant role in human health, particularly bone health. However, other roles are emerging. When the serum concentration of vitamin D is very low, the risk of rickets, osteomalacia and osteoporosis is increased. In children and adolescents there is a high prevalence of low vitamin D status, especially in females and during the winter–the prevalence being lower than during the summer. Although there is no unanimous agreement over the minimum values necessary for good health, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels below 20 ng/mL may be regarded as a vitamin D-deficient condition, and levels between 20–30 ng/mL may be the range of vitamin D insufficiency. Mild low levels have been associated with bone mass accrual alterations in children and adolescents, diminished muscle strength, negative cardiovascular outcomes, insulin resistance and obesity, and neurological disorders. Effective preventive strategies are needed to guarantee adequate vitamin D levels throughout childhood and adolescence, taking into account the geographical setting, season of the year, the level of environmental pollution, skin characteristics, eating habits and body weight, with a view to securing optimum health during these phases, and the prevention of complications in adulthood. There needs to be a renewed appreciation of the beneficial effect of moderate sunlight for providing all humans with the vitamin D needed for ensuring good health. Prolonged sun exposure is not advised, however, due to the risk of skin cancer. In addition, a balanced diet is indicated, since vitamin D-rich foods are better assimilated than supplements. When such conditions cannot be met, then the supplementation of 400 IU/day of vitamin D is advised in children and adolescents–though correcting vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency may require 1000 IU/day or more. High-dose calcifediol depots are an alternative for guaranteeing treatment adherence and in patients with liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustino R Pérez-López
- Grupo de Investigación sobre Salud de la Mujer en Aragón (GRISAMAR), Universidad de Zaragoza, Hospital Clínico Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Pérez-Roncero
- Grupo de Investigación sobre Salud de la Mujer en Aragón (GRISAMAR), Universidad de Zaragoza, Hospital Clínico Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María T López-Baena
- Grupo de Investigación sobre Salud de la Mujer en Aragón (GRISAMAR), Universidad de Zaragoza, Hospital Clínico Zaragoza, Spain
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Pérez-López FR, Chedraui P, Gilbert JJ, Pérez-Roncero G. Cardiovascular risk in menopausal women and prevalent related co-morbid conditions: facing the post-Women's Health Initiative era. Fertil Steril 2009; 92:1171-1186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2009] [Revised: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/12/2009] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Pérez-López FR, Chedraui P, Haya J, Cuadros JL. Effects of the Mediterranean diet on longevity and age-related morbid conditions. Maturitas 2009; 64:67-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Revised: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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