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Ward AV, Riley D, Finlay-Schultz J, Brechbuhl HM, Hill KB, Varshney RR, Kabos P, Rudolph MC, Sartorius CA. Targeting aberrant fatty acid synthesis and storage in endocrine resistant breast cancer cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.30.596684. [PMID: 38895323 PMCID: PMC11185564 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.30.596684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Lipid metabolic reprogramming is an emerging characteristic of endocrine therapy (ET) resistance in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. We explored changes in lipid metabolism in ER+ breast cancer cell lines following acquired resistance to common endocrine treatments and tested efficacy of an inhibitor in current clinical trials. Methods We derived ER+ breast cancer cell lines resistant to Tamoxifen (TamR), Fulvestrant (FulvR), and long-term estrogen withdrawal (EWD). Parental and ET resistant cells were subjected to global gene expression and unbiased lipidomic profiling. Lipid storage changes were assessed via neutral lipid staining with Oil Red O (ORO). The impact of the fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitor TVB-2640 on the growth and lipid storage of these cell lines was evaluated. Additionally, 13 C 2 -acetate tracing was used to examine FASN activity in parental and ET resistant cells in the absence or presence of TVB-2640. Results Compared to parental cells, lipid metabolism and processing pathways were notably enriched in ET resistant cells, which exhibited distinct lipidomes characterized by increased triglyceride and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) species. ET-resistant cells displayed enhanced cytoplasmic lipid droplets. Increased FASN protein levels were observed in ET-resistant cells, and TVB-2640 effectively inhibited FASN activity. FASN inhibition reduced cell growth in some but not all cell lines and ET resistance types and did not correlate to lipid storage reduction. 13 C 2 -acetate tracing confirmed reduced palmitate synthesis and enhanced PUFA synthesis in ET-resistant cells, especially when combined with FulvR. Conclusion ET resistant breast cancer cells exhibit a shift towards enhanced triglyceride storage and complex lipids enriched with PUFA acyl chains. While targeting FASN alongside ET may not fully overcome ET resistance in our models, focusing on the unique lipid metabolic dependencies, such as PUFA pathways, may present a promising alternative strategy for treating ET resistant breast cancer.
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2
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Safi R, Menéndez P, Pol A. Lipid droplets provide metabolic flexibility for cancer progression. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1301-1327. [PMID: 38325881 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
A hallmark of cancer cells is their remarkable ability to efficiently adapt to favorable and hostile environments. Due to a unique metabolic flexibility, tumor cells can grow even in the absence of extracellular nutrients or in stressful scenarios. To achieve this, cancer cells need large amounts of lipids to build membranes, synthesize lipid-derived molecules, and generate metabolic energy in the absence of other nutrients. Tumor cells potentiate strategies to obtain lipids from other cells, metabolic pathways to synthesize new lipids, and mechanisms for efficient storage, mobilization, and utilization of these lipids. Lipid droplets (LDs) are the organelles that collect and supply lipids in eukaryotes and it is increasingly recognized that the accumulation of LDs is a new hallmark of cancer cells. Furthermore, an active role of LD proteins in processes underlying tumorigenesis has been proposed. Here, by focusing on three major classes of LD-resident proteins (perilipins, lipases, and acyl-CoA synthetases), we provide an overview of the contribution of LDs to cancer progression and discuss the role of LD proteins during the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and stemness of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Safi
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Lipid Trafficking and Disease Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Menéndez
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cancer, CIBER-ONC, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Network for Advanced Cell Therapies (TERAV), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Pol
- Lipid Trafficking and Disease Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Roman M, Wrobel TP, Panek A, Kwiatek WM. High-definition FT-IR reveals a synergistic effect on lipid accumulation in prostate cancer cells induced by a combination of X-rays and radiosensitizing drugs. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159468. [PMID: 38408538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most commonly used cancer therapies with many benefits including low toxicity to healthy tissues. However, a major problem in radiotherapy is cancer radioresistance. To enhance the effect of this kind of therapy several approaches have been proposed such as the use of radiosensitizers. A combined treatment of radiotherapy and radiosensitizing drugs leads to a greater effect on cancer cells than anticipated from the addition of both responses (synergism). In this study, high-definition FT-IR imaging was applied to follow lipid accumulation in prostate cancer cells as a response to X-ray irradiation, radiosensitizing drugs, and a combined treatment of X-rays and the drugs. Lipid accumulation induced in the cells by an increasing X-ray dose and the presence of the drugs was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis and lipid staining. Finally, the synergistic effect of the combined therapy (X-rays and radiosensitizers) was confirmed by calculations of the integral intensity of the 2850 cm-1 band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Roman
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland; SOLARIS National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian University, Czerwone Maki 98, 30-392 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz P Wrobel
- SOLARIS National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian University, Czerwone Maki 98, 30-392 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Panek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech M Kwiatek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
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4
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Xiao Q, Xia M, Tang W, Zhao H, Chen Y, Zhong J. The lipid metabolism remodeling: A hurdle in breast cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2024; 582:216512. [PMID: 38036043 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipids, as one of the three primary energy sources, provide energy for all cellular life activities. Lipids are also known to be involved in the formation of cell membranes and play an important role as signaling molecules in the intracellular and microenvironment. Tumor cells actively or passively remodel lipid metabolism, using the function of lipids in various important cellular life activities to evade therapeutic attack. Breast cancer has become the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women, which is partly due to therapeutic resistance. It is necessary to fully elucidate the formation and mechanisms of chemoresistance to improve breast cancer patient survival rates. Altered lipid metabolism has been observed in breast cancer with therapeutic resistance, indicating that targeting lipid reprogramming is a promising anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiao
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China; Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
| | - Min Xia
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
| | - Weijian Tang
- Queen Mary School of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China.
| | - Jing Zhong
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China; Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China.
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5
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Fries BD, Tobias F, Wang Y, Holbrook JH, Hummon AB. Lipidomics Profiling Reveals Differential Alterations after FAS Inhibition in 3D Colon Cancer Cell Culture Models. J Proteome Res 2023:10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00593. [PMID: 38063332 PMCID: PMC11161555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Cancerous cells synthesize most of their lipids de novo to keep up with their rapid growth and proliferation. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is a key enzyme in the lipogenesis pathway that is upregulated in many cancers and has gained popularity as a druggable target of interest for cancer treatment. The first FAS inhibitor discovered, cerulenin, initially showed promise for chemotherapeutic purposes until it was observed that it had adverse side effects in mice. TVB-2640 (Denifanstat) is part of the newer generation of inhibitors. With multiple generations of FAS inhibitors being developed, it is vital to understand their distinct molecular downstream effects to elucidate potential interactions in the clinic. Here, we profile the lipidome of two different colorectal cancer (CRC) spheroids treated with a generation 1 inhibitor (cerulenin) or a generation 2 inhibitor (TVB-2640). We observe that the cerulenin causes drastic changes to the spheroid morphology as well as alterations to the lipid droplets found within CRC spheroids. TVB-2640 causes higher abundances of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) whereas cerulenin causes a decreased abundance of PUFAs. The increase in PUFAs in TVB-2640 exposed spheroids indicates it is causing cells to die via a ferroptotic mechanism rather than a conventional apoptotic or necrotic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Fries
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Fernando Tobias
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Integrated Molecular Structure Education and Research Center (IMSERC), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yijia Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Joseph H Holbrook
- Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Amanda B Hummon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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6
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Lin X, Zhou W, Liu Z, Cao W, Lin C. Targeting cellular metabolism in head and neck cancer precision medicine era: A promising strategy to overcome therapy resistance. Oral Dis 2023; 29:3101-3120. [PMID: 36263514 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is among the most prevalent cancer worldwide, with the most severe impact on quality of life of patients. Despite the development of multimodal therapeutic approaches, the clinical outcomes of HNSCC are still unsatisfactory, mainly caused by relatively low responsiveness to treatment and severe drug resistance. Metabolic reprogramming is currently considered to play a pivotal role in anticancer therapeutic resistance. This review aimed to define the specific metabolic programs and adaptations in HNSCC therapy resistance. An extensive literature review of HNSCC was conducted via the PubMed including metabolic reprogramming, chemo- or immune-therapy resistance. Glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism are closely related to the malignant biological characteristics of cancer, anti-tumor drug resistance, and adverse clinical results. For HNSCC, pyruvate, lactate and almost all lipid categories are related to the occurrence and maintenance of drug resistance, and targeting amino acid metabolism can prevent tumor development and enhance the response of drug-resistant tumors to anticancer therapy. This review will provide a better understanding of the altered metabolism in therapy resistance of HNSCC and promote the development of new therapeutic strategies against HNSCC, thereby contribute to a more efficacious precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Lin
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenkai Zhou
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheqi Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Nursing, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengzhong Lin
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- The 2nd Dental Center, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Polónia B, Xavier CPR, Kopecka J, Riganti C, Vasconcelos MH. The role of Extracellular Vesicles in glycolytic and lipid metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells: Consequences for drug resistance. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 73:150-162. [PMID: 37225643 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In order to adapt to a higher proliferative rate and an increased demand for energy sources, cancer cells rewire their metabolic pathways, a process currently recognized as a hallmark of cancer. Even though the metabolism of glucose is perhaps the most discussed metabolic shift in cancer, lipid metabolic alterations have been recently recognized as relevant players in the growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Importantly, some of these metabolic alterations are reported to induce a drug resistant phenotype in cancer cells. The acquisition of drug resistance traits severely hinders cancer treatment, being currently considered one of the major challenges of the oncological field. Evidence suggests that Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), which play a crucial role in intercellular communication, may act as facilitators of tumour progression, survival and drug resistance by modulating several aspects involved in the metabolism of cancer cells. This review aims to gather and discuss relevant data regarding metabolic reprograming in cancer, particularly involving the glycolytic and lipid alterations, focusing on its influence on drug resistance and highlighting the relevance of EVs as intercellular mediators of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Polónia
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP - Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina P R Xavier
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology "G. Tarone", University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - M Helena Vasconcelos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP - Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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8
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Qin J, Ye L, Wen X, Zhang X, Di Y, Chen Z, Wang Z. Fatty acids in cancer chemoresistance. Cancer Lett 2023; 572:216352. [PMID: 37597652 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the remarkable clinical success of immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy in patients with advanced tumors, chemotherapy remains the most commonly used treatment for most tumor patients. Chemotherapy drugs effectively inhibit tumor cell proliferation and survival through their remarkable mechanisms. However, tumor cells often develop severe intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance under chemotherapy stress, limiting the effectiveness of chemotherapy and leading to treatment failure. Growing evidence suggests that alterations in lipid metabolism may be implicated in the development of chemoresistance in tumors. Therefore, in this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of fatty acid metabolism and its impact on chemoresistance mechanisms. Additionally, we discuss the potential of targeting fatty acid metabolism as a therapeutic strategy to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Lvlan Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xiangqiong Wen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yuqin Di
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Guangxi Hospital Division of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangxi, 530025, China.
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
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9
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Li Z, Xue W, Hu S, Kong X. Lipid metabolism as a target for cancer drug resistance: progress and prospects. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1274335. [PMID: 37841917 PMCID: PMC10571713 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1274335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the world's leading cause of human death today, and the treatment process of cancer is highly complex. Chemotherapy and targeted therapy are commonly used in cancer treatment, and the emergence of drug resistance is a significant problem in cancer treatment. Therefore, the mechanism of drug resistance during cancer treatment has become a hot issue in current research. A series of studies have found that lipid metabolism is closely related to cancer drug resistance. This paper details the changes of lipid metabolism in drug resistance and how lipid metabolism affects drug resistance. More importantly, most studies have reported that combination therapy may lead to changes in lipid-related metabolic pathways, which may reverse the development of cancer drug resistance and enhance or rescue the sensitivity to therapeutic drugs. This paper summarizes the progress of drug design targeting lipid metabolism in improving drug resistance, and providing new ideas and strategies for future tumor treatment. Therefore, this paper reviews the issues of combining medications with lipid metabolism and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi’an Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yueqin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zeyun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shousen Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangzhen Kong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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10
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Hammoudeh N, Soukkarieh C, Murphy DJ, Hanano A. Mammalian lipid droplets: structural, pathological, immunological and anti-toxicological roles. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101233. [PMID: 37156444 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian lipid droplets (LDs) are specialized cytosolic organelles consisting of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a membrane made up of a phospholipid monolayer and a specific population of proteins that varies according to the location and function of each LD. Over the past decade, there have been significant advances in the understanding of LD biogenesis and functions. LDs are now recognized as dynamic organelles that participate in many aspects of cellular homeostasis plus other vital functions. LD biogenesis is a complex, highly-regulated process with assembly occurring on the endoplasmic reticulum although aspects of the underpinning molecular mechanisms remain elusive. For example, it is unclear how many enzymes participate in the biosynthesis of the neutral lipid components of LDs and how this process is coordinated in response to different metabolic cues to promote or suppress LD formation and turnover. In addition to enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of neutral lipids, various scaffolding proteins play roles in coordinating LD formation. Despite their lack of ultrastructural diversity, LDs in different mammalian cell types are involved in a wide range of biological functions. These include roles in membrane homeostasis, regulation of hypoxia, neoplastic inflammatory responses, cellular oxidative status, lipid peroxidation, and protection against potentially toxic intracellular fatty acids and lipophilic xenobiotics. Herein, the roles of mammalian LDs and their associated proteins are reviewed with a particular focus on their roles in pathological, immunological and anti-toxicological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Hammoudeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Chadi Soukkarieh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Denis J Murphy
- School of Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL, Wales, United Kingdom..
| | - Abdulsamie Hanano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria..
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Li C, Wang F, Cui L, Li S, Zhao J, Liao L. Association between abnormal lipid metabolism and tumor. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1134154. [PMID: 37305043 PMCID: PMC10248433 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1134154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Reprogramming is a sign of tumor, and as one of the three major substances metabolism, lipid has an obvious impact. Abnormal lipid metabolism is related to the occurrence of various diseases, and the proportion of people with abnormal lipid metabolism is increasing year by year. Lipid metabolism is involved in the occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis of tumors by regulating various oncogenic signal pathways. The differences in lipid metabolism among different tumors are related to various factors such as tumor origin, regulation of lipid metabolism pathways, and diet. This article reviews the synthesis and regulatory pathways of lipids, as well as the research progress on cholesterol, triglycerides, sphingolipids, lipid related lipid rafts, adipocytes, lipid droplets, and lipid-lowering drugs in relation to tumors and their drug resistance. It also points out the limitations of current research and potential tumor treatment targets and drugs in the lipid metabolism pathway. Research and intervention on lipid metabolism abnormalities may provide new ideas for the treatment and survival prognosis of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China
| | - Shaoxin Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China
| | - Junyu Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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12
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Ding DY, Gan XJ, Zhang JN, Hou GJ, Tao QF, Sun DP, Li W, Yang Y, Ding WB, Yu J, Liu L, Yang F, Zhou WP, Yuan SX. Serum thrombospondin-1 serves as a novel biomarker and agonist of gemcitabine-based chemotherapy in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:907-917. [PMID: 36526676 PMCID: PMC9977883 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02101-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, the first-line treatment for advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is gemcitabine combined with cisplatin, but a considerable portion of ICC patients exhibit resistance to gemcitabine. Therefore, finding sensitisers for gemcitabine chemotherapy in ICC patients and predicting molecular markers for chemotherapy efficacy have become urgent needs. METHODS In this study, PDX models were established to conduct gemcitabine susceptibility tests. The selected PDX tissues of the chemotherapy-sensitive group and drug-resistant group were subjected to transcriptome sequencing and protein chip technology to identify the key genes. Sixty-one ICC patients treated with gemcitabine chemotherapy were recruited for clinical follow-up validation. RESULTS We found that thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) can predict gemcitabine chemosensitivity in ICC patients. The expression level of TSP1 could reflect the sensitivity of ICC patients to gemcitabine chemotherapy. Functional experiments further confirmed that TSP1 can increase the efficacy of gemcitabine chemotherapy for ICC. A mechanism study showed that TSP1 may affect the intake of oleic acid by binding to the CD36 receptor. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we found a key molecule-TSP1-that can predict and improve the sensitivity of ICC patients to gemcitabine chemotherapy, which is of great significance for the treatment of advanced cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yang Ding
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Gan
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Ning Zhang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Jun Hou
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Fei Tao
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Peng Sun
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Bin Ding
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Liu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fu Yang
- The Department of Medical Genetics, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei-Ping Zhou
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
| | - Sheng-Xian Yuan
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
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El Sobky SA, Aboud NK, El Assaly NM, Fawzy IO, El-Ekiaby N, Abdelaziz AI. Regulation of lipid droplet (LD) formation in hepatocytes via regulation of SREBP1c by non-coding RNAs. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:903856. [PMID: 36203751 PMCID: PMC9530594 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.903856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Increased de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is one of the key factors contributing to fat accumulation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Among the critical transcription factors (TFs) regulating DNL is mTOR and its downstream lipogenic TF, SREBP1c. In recent years, it has been established that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play role in both biological processes and disease pathogenesis. Our group has previously characterized microRNAs that can target and regulate the expression of both mTOR and SREBP1c. Accordingly, this study aimed to broaden our understanding of the role of ncRNAs in regulating the mTOR/SREBP1c axis to elucidate the role of the non-coding transcriptome in DNL and lipid droplet (LD) formation. Hence, short ncRNA, miR-615-5p, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), H19, were chosen as they were previously proven to target mTOR by our group and in the published literature, respectively. Methodology Huh-7 cells were treated with 800 μM oleic acid (OA) to promote LD formation. Transfection of miR-615-5p mimics or H19 over-expression vectors was performed, followed by the measurement of their downstream targets, mTOR and SREBP, on the mRNA level by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and on the protein level by Western blot. To determine the functional impact of miR-615-5p and H19 on LD formation and triglyceride (TG) accumulation, post-transfection LDs were stained, imaged, and characterized, and TGs were extracted and quantified. Results miR-615-5p was able to reduce mTOR and SREBP1c significantly on both the mRNA and protein levels compared to control cells, while H19 caused a reduction of both targets on the protein level only. Both miR-615-5p and H19 were able to significantly reduce the LD count and total area, as well as TG levels compared to control cells. Conclusion To conclude, this study shows, for the first time, the impact of miR-615-5p and H19 on the mTOR/SREBP1c axis, and thus, their functional impact on LDs and TG accumulation. These findings might pave the way for using ncRNAs as potential therapeutic targets in the management of fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nihal M. El Assaly
- Clinical Chemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Injie O. Fawzy
- School of Medicine, Newgiza University (NGU), Giza, Egypt
| | - Nada El-Ekiaby
- School of Medicine, Newgiza University (NGU), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Abdelaziz
- School of Medicine, Newgiza University (NGU), Giza, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Ahmed I. Abdelaziz
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14
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Kieu TLV, Pierre L, Derangère V, Perrey S, Truntzer C, Jalil A, Causse S, Groetz E, Dumont A, Guyard L, Arnould L, de Barros JPP, Apetoh L, Rébé C, Limagne E, Jourdan T, Demizieux L, Masson D, Thomas C, Ghiringhelli F, Rialland M. Downregulation of Elovl5 promotes breast cancer metastasis through a lipid-droplet accumulation-mediated induction of TGF-β receptors. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:758. [PMID: 36056008 PMCID: PMC9440092 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05209-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer cannot be cured, and alteration of fatty acid metabolism contributes to tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we were interested in the elongation of very long-chain fatty acids protein 5 (Elovl5) in breast cancer. We observed that breast cancer tumors had a lower expression of Elovl5 than normal breast tissues. Furthermore, low expression of Elovl5 is associated with a worse prognosis in ER+ breast cancer patients. In accordance with this finding, decrease of Elovl5 expression was more pronounced in ER+ breast tumors from patients with metastases in lymph nodes. Although downregulation of Elovl5 expression limited breast cancer cell proliferation and cancer progression, suppression of Elovl5 promoted EMT, cell invasion and lung metastases in murine breast cancer models. The loss of Elovl5 expression induced upregulation of TGF-β receptors mediated by a lipid-droplet accumulation-dependent Smad2 acetylation. As expected, inhibition of TGF-β receptors restored proliferation and dampened invasion in low Elovl5 expressing cancer cells. Interestingly, the abolition of lipid-droplet formation by inhibition of diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity reversed induction of TGF-β receptors, cell invasion, and lung metastasis triggered by Elovl5 knockdown. Altogether, we showed that Elovl5 is involved in metastasis through lipid droplets-regulated TGF-β receptor expression and is a predictive biomarker of metastatic ER+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinh-Le-Vi Kieu
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR Sciences de la Vie, Terre et Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France ,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Léa Pierre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR Sciences de la Vie, Terre et Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Valentin Derangère
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR des sciences de santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France ,grid.418037.90000 0004 0641 1257Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Sabrina Perrey
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR Sciences de la Vie, Terre et Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France ,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Caroline Truntzer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR des sciences de santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France ,grid.418037.90000 0004 0641 1257Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Antoine Jalil
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR des sciences de santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Sébastien Causse
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR Sciences de la Vie, Terre et Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Emma Groetz
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Adélie Dumont
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR Sciences de la Vie, Terre et Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Laura Guyard
- grid.418037.90000 0004 0641 1257Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Arnould
- grid.418037.90000 0004 0641 1257Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Paul Pais de Barros
- LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313Lipidomic Analytic Platform, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Lionel Apetoh
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Cédric Rébé
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.418037.90000 0004 0641 1257Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Emeric Limagne
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.418037.90000 0004 0641 1257Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Demizieux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR Sciences de la Vie, Terre et Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France ,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - David Masson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Charles Thomas
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR Sciences de la Vie, Terre et Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France ,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR des sciences de santé, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France ,grid.418037.90000 0004 0641 1257Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Mickaël Rialland
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR, 1231 Dijon, France ,grid.5613.10000 0001 2298 9313UFR Sciences de la Vie, Terre et Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France ,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
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15
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Li C, Wu X, Zheng C, Xu S, Liu Y, Qin J, Fan X, Ye Y, Fei W. Nanotechnology-integrated ferroptosis inducers: a sharp sword against tumor drug resistance. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7671-7693. [PMID: 36043505 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01350a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Presently, the biggest hurdle to cancer therapy is the inevitable emergence of drug resistance. Since conventional therapeutic schedules fall short of the expectations in curbing drug resistance, the development of novel drug resistance management strategies is critical. Extensive research over the last decade has revealed that the process of ferroptosis is correlated with cancer resistance; moreover, it has been demonstrated that ferroptosis inducers reverse drug resistance. To elucidate the development and promote the clinical transformation of ferroptosis strategies in cancer therapy, we first analyzed the roles of key ferroptosis-regulating molecules in the progression of drug resistance in-depth and then reviewed the design of ferroptosis-inducing strategies based on nanotechnology for overcoming drug resistance, including glutathione depletion, reactive oxygen species generation, iron donation, lipid peroxidation aggregation, and multiple-drug resistance-associated tumor cell destruction. Finally, the prospects and challenges of regulating ferroptosis as a therapeutic strategy for reversing cancer therapy resistance were evaluated. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding for researchers to develop ferroptosis-inducing nanoplatforms that can overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Caihong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yunxi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Jiale Qin
- Department of Ultrasound, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiaoyu Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Yiqing Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Weidong Fei
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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16
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Kou Y, Geng F, Guo D. Lipid Metabolism in Glioblastoma: From De Novo Synthesis to Storage. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1943. [PMID: 36009491 PMCID: PMC9405736 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor. With limited therapeutic options, novel therapies are desperately needed. Recent studies have shown that GBM acquires large amounts of lipids for rapid growth through activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), a master transcription factor that regulates fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, and cholesterol uptake. Interestingly, GBM cells divert substantial quantities of lipids into lipid droplets (LDs), a specific storage organelle for neutral lipids, to prevent lipotoxicity by increasing the expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) and sterol-O-acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1), which convert excess fatty acids and cholesterol to triacylglycerol and cholesteryl esters, respectively. In this review, we will summarize recent progress on our understanding of lipid metabolism regulation in GBM to promote tumor growth and discuss novel strategies to specifically induce lipotoxicity to tumor cells through disrupting lipid storage, a promising new avenue for treating GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Kou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, College of Medicine at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43012, USA
| | - Feng Geng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, College of Medicine at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43012, USA
| | - Deliang Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, College of Medicine at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43012, USA
- Center for Cancer Metabolism, James Comprehensive Cancer Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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17
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Lipid metabolism in tumor microenvironment: novel therapeutic targets. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:224. [PMID: 35790992 PMCID: PMC9254539 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive lipid molecules have been proposed to play important roles linking obesity/metabolic syndrome and cancers. Studies reveal that aberrant lipid metabolic signaling can reprogram cancer cells and non-cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence, and poor therapeutic response. Existing evidence indicates that controlling lipid metabolism can be a potential strategy for cancer prevention and therapy. By reviewing the current literature on the lipid metabolism in various cancers, we summarized major lipid molecules including fatty acids and cholesterol as well as lipid droplets and discussed their critical roles in cancer cells and non-cancer in terms of either promoting- or anti-tumorigenesis. This review provides an overview of the lipid molecules in cellular entities and their tumor microenvironment, adding to the existing knowledge with lipid metabolic reprogramming in immune cells and cancer associated cells. Comprehensive understanding of the regulatory role of lipid metabolism in cellular entities and their tumor microenvironment will provide a new direction for further studies, in a shift away from conventional cancer research. Exploring the lipid-related signaling targets that drive or block cancer development may lead to development of novel anti-cancer strategies distinct from traditional approaches for cancer prevention and treatment.
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18
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Zhang C, Zhu N, Li H, Gong Y, Gu J, Shi Y, Liao D, Wang W, Dai A, Qin L. New dawn for cancer cell death: Emerging role of lipid metabolism. Mol Metab 2022; 63:101529. [PMID: 35714911 PMCID: PMC9237930 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to cell death, a protective mechanism for removing damaged cells, is a "Hallmark of Cancer" that is essential for cancer progression. Increasing attention to cancer lipid metabolism has revealed a number of pathways that induce cancer cell death. SCOPE OF REVIEW We summarize emerging concepts regarding lipid metabolic reprogramming in cancer that is mainly involved in lipid uptake and trafficking, de novo synthesis and esterification, fatty acid synthesis and oxidation, lipogenesis, and lipolysis. During carcinogenesis and progression, continuous metabolic adaptations are co-opted by cancer cells, to maximize their fitness to the ever-changing environmental. Lipid metabolism and the epigenetic modifying enzymes interact in a bidirectional manner which involves regulating cancer cell death. Moreover, lipids in the tumor microenvironment play unique roles beyond metabolic requirements that promote cancer progression. Finally, we posit potential therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolism to improve treatment efficacy and survival of cancer patient. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The profound comprehension of past findings, current trends, and future research directions on resistance to cancer cell death will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting the lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China; TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China
| | - Neng Zhu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410021, PR China
| | - Hongfang Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Gong
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China
| | - Jia Gu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China
| | - Yaning Shi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China
| | - Duanfang Liao
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China.
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China.
| | - Li Qin
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China; Institutional Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China; Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Bioactive Substance Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China.
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19
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Yang R, Yi M, Xiang B. Novel Insights on Lipid Metabolism Alterations in Drug Resistance in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:875318. [PMID: 35646898 PMCID: PMC9136290 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.875318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the primary treatments for most human cancers. Despite great progress in cancer therapeutics, chemotherapy continues to be important for improving the survival of cancer patients, especially for those who has unresectable metastatic tumors or fail to respond to immunotherapy. However, intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance results in tumor recurrence, which remains a major obstacle in anti-cancer treatment. The high prevalence of chemoresistant cancer makes it urgent to deepen our understanding on chemoresistance mechanisms and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Multiple mechanisms, including drug efflux, enhanced DNA damage reparability, increased detoxifying enzymes levels, presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), autophagy, ferroptosis and resistance to apoptosis, underlie the development of chemoresistance. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that lipid metabolism alteration is closely related to drug resistance in tumor. Targeting lipid metabolism in combination with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs is a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance. Therefore, this review compiles the current knowledge about aberrant lipid metabolism in chemoresistant cancer, mainly focusing on aberrant fatty acid metabolism, and presents novel therapeutic strategies targeting altered lipid metabolism to overcome chemoresistance in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Yang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hypertension Center, FuWai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Yi
- Department of Dermatology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Saito RDF, Andrade LNDS, Bustos SO, Chammas R. Phosphatidylcholine-Derived Lipid Mediators: The Crosstalk Between Cancer Cells and Immune Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:768606. [PMID: 35250970 PMCID: PMC8889569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.768606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
To become resistant, cancer cells need to activate and maintain molecular defense mechanisms that depend on an energy trade-off between resistance and essential functions. Metabolic reprogramming has been shown to fuel cell growth and contribute to cancer drug resistance. Recently, changes in lipid metabolism have emerged as an important driver of resistance to anticancer agents. In this review, we highlight the role of choline metabolism with a focus on the phosphatidylcholine cycle in the regulation of resistance to therapy. We analyze the contribution of phosphatidylcholine and its metabolites to intracellular processes of cancer cells, both as the major cell membrane constituents and source of energy. We further extended our discussion about the role of phosphatidylcholine-derived lipid mediators in cellular communication between cancer and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, as well as their pivotal role in the immune regulation of therapeutic failure. Changes in phosphatidylcholine metabolism are part of an adaptive program activated in response to stress conditions that contribute to cancer therapy resistance and open therapeutic opportunities for treating drug-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata de Freitas Saito
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Nogueira de Sousa Andrade
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvina Odete Bustos
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Ward AV, Matthews SB, Fettig LM, Riley D, Finlay-Schultz J, Paul KV, Jackman M, Kabos P, MacLean PS, Sartorius CA. Estrogens and Progestins Cooperatively Shift Breast Cancer Cell Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1776. [PMID: 35406548 PMCID: PMC8996926 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming remains largely understudied in relation to hormones in estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positive breast cancer. In this study, we investigated how estrogens, progestins, or the combination, impact metabolism in three ER and PR positive breast cancer cell lines. We measured metabolites in the treated cells using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Top metabolic processes upregulated with each treatment involved glucose metabolism, including Warburg effect/glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway. RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis on two of the cell lines treated with the same hormones, found estrogens target oncogenes, such as MYC and PI3K/AKT/mTOR that control tumor metabolism, while progestins increased genes associated with fatty acid metabolism, and the estrogen/progestin combination additionally increased glycolysis. Phenotypic analysis of cell energy metabolism found that glycolysis was the primary hormonal target, particularly for the progestin and estrogen-progestin combination. Transmission electron microscopy found that, compared to vehicle, estrogens elongated mitochondria, which was reversed by co-treatment with progestins. Progestins promoted lipid storage both alone and in combination with estrogen. These findings highlight the shift in breast cancer cell metabolism to a more glycolytic and lipogenic phenotype in response to combination hormone treatment, which may contribute to a more metabolically adaptive state for cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley V. Ward
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.V.W.); (S.B.M.); (L.M.F.); (D.R.); (J.F.-S.)
| | - Shawna B. Matthews
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.V.W.); (S.B.M.); (L.M.F.); (D.R.); (J.F.-S.)
| | - Lynsey M. Fettig
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.V.W.); (S.B.M.); (L.M.F.); (D.R.); (J.F.-S.)
| | - Duncan Riley
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.V.W.); (S.B.M.); (L.M.F.); (D.R.); (J.F.-S.)
| | - Jessica Finlay-Schultz
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.V.W.); (S.B.M.); (L.M.F.); (D.R.); (J.F.-S.)
| | - Kiran V. Paul
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (K.V.P.); (P.K.)
| | - Matthew Jackman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.J.); (P.S.M.)
| | - Peter Kabos
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (K.V.P.); (P.K.)
| | - Paul S. MacLean
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.J.); (P.S.M.)
| | - Carol A. Sartorius
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.V.W.); (S.B.M.); (L.M.F.); (D.R.); (J.F.-S.)
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22
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Raman Microscopy Techniques to Study Lipid Droplet Composition in Cancer Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2413:193-209. [PMID: 35044667 PMCID: PMC9939018 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1896-7_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy using feature selection schemes has considerable advantages over gas chromatography for the analysis of fatty acids' composition changes. Here, we introduce an educational methodology to demonstrate the potential of micro-Raman spectroscopy to determine with high accuracy the unsaturation or saturation degrees and composition changes of the fatty acids found in the lipid droplets of the LNCaP prostate cancer cells that were treated with various fatty acids. The methodology uses highly discriminatory wavenumbers among fatty acids present in the sample selected by using the Support Vector Machine algorithm.
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23
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Gonçalves AC, Richiardone E, Jorge J, Polónia B, Xavier CPR, Salaroglio IC, Riganti C, Vasconcelos MH, Corbet C, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB. Impact of cancer metabolism on therapy resistance - Clinical implications. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 59:100797. [PMID: 34955385 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite an increasing arsenal of anticancer therapies, many patients continue to have poor outcomes due to the therapeutic failures and tumor relapses. Indeed, the clinical efficacy of anticancer therapies is markedly limited by intrinsic and/or acquired resistance mechanisms that can occur in any tumor type and with any treatment. Thus, there is an urgent clinical need to implement fundamental changes in the tumor treatment paradigm by the development of new experimental strategies that can help to predict the occurrence of clinical drug resistance and to identify alternative therapeutic options. Apart from mutation-driven resistance mechanisms, tumor microenvironment (TME) conditions generate an intratumoral phenotypic heterogeneity that supports disease progression and dismal outcomes. Tumor cell metabolism is a prototypical example of dynamic, heterogeneous, and adaptive phenotypic trait, resulting from the combination of intrinsic [(epi)genetic changes, tissue of origin and differentiation dependency] and extrinsic (oxygen and nutrient availability, metabolic interactions within the TME) factors, enabling cancer cells to survive, metastasize and develop resistance to anticancer therapies. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding metabolism-based mechanisms conferring adaptive resistance to chemo-, radio-and immunotherapies as well as targeted therapies. Furthermore, we report the role of TME-mediated intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity in therapy resistance and how adaptations in amino acid, glucose, and lipid metabolism support the growth of therapy-resistant cancers and/or cellular subpopulations. We also report the intricate interplay between tumor signaling and metabolic pathways in cancer cells and discuss how manipulating key metabolic enzymes and/or providing dietary changes may help to eradicate relapse-sustaining cancer cells. Finally, in the current era of personalized medicine, we describe the strategies that may be applied to implement metabolic profiling for tumor imaging, biomarker identification, selection of tailored treatments and monitoring therapy response during the clinical management of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) - Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elena Richiardone
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Belgium
| | - Joana Jorge
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) - Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Polónia
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina P R Xavier
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Torino, Italy
| | - M Helena Vasconcelos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP - Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cyril Corbet
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Belgium.
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) - Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Hematology Service, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.
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24
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Ward AV, Anderson SM, Sartorius CA. Advances in Analyzing the Breast Cancer Lipidome and Its Relevance to Disease Progression and Treatment. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2021; 26:399-417. [PMID: 34914014 PMCID: PMC8883833 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-021-09505-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal lipid metabolism is common in breast cancer with the three main subtypes, hormone receptor (HR) positive, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) positive, and triple negative, showing common and distinct lipid dependencies. A growing body of studies identify altered lipid metabolism as impacting breast cancer cell growth and survival, plasticity, drug resistance, and metastasis. Lipids are a class of nonpolar or polar (amphipathic) biomolecules that can be produced in cells via de novo synthesis or acquired from the microenvironment. The three main functions of cellular lipids are as essential components of membranes, signaling molecules, and nutrient storage. The use of mass spectrometry-based lipidomics to analyze the global cellular lipidome has become more prevalent in breast cancer research. In this review, we discuss current lipidomic methodologies, highlight recent breast cancer lipidomic studies and how these findings connect to disease progression and therapeutic development, and the potential use of lipidomics as a diagnostic tool in breast cancer. A better understanding of the breast cancer lipidome and how it changes during drug resistance and tumor progression will allow informed development of diagnostics and novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley V Ward
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Steven M Anderson
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carol A Sartorius
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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25
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Agarwala PK, Aneja R, Kapoor S. Lipidomic landscape in cancer: Actionable insights for membrane-based therapy and diagnoses. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:983-1018. [PMID: 34719798 DOI: 10.1002/med.21868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells display altered cellular lipid metabolism, including disruption in endogenous lipid synthesis, storage, and exogenous uptake for membrane biogenesis and functions. Altered lipid metabolism and, consequently, lipid composition impacts cellular function by affecting membrane structure and properties, such as fluidity, rigidity, membrane dynamics, and lateral organization. Herein, we provide an overview of lipid membranes and how their properties affect cellular functions. We also detail how the rewiring of lipid metabolism impacts the lipidomic landscape of cancer cell membranes and influences the characteristics of cancer cells. Furthermore, we discuss how the altered cancer lipidome provides cues for developing lipid-inspired innovative therapeutic and diagnostic strategies while improving our limited understanding of the role of lipids in cancer initiation and progression. We also present the arcade of membrane characterization techniques to cement their relevance in cancer diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prema K Agarwala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shobhna Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.,Depertment of Biofunctional Science and Technology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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26
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Cardoso HJ, Carvalho TMA, Fonseca LRS, Figueira MI, Vaz CV, Socorro S. Revisiting prostate cancer metabolism: From metabolites to disease and therapy. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:1499-1538. [PMID: 33274768 DOI: 10.1002/med.21766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa), one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, still presents important unmet clinical needs concerning treatment. In the last years, the metabolic reprogramming and the specificities of tumor cells emerged as an exciting field for cancer therapy. The unique features of PCa cells metabolism, and the activation of specific metabolic pathways, propelled the use of metabolic inhibitors for treatment. The present work revises the knowledge of PCa metabolism and the metabolic alterations that underlie the development and progression of the disease. A focus is given to the role of bioenergetic sources, namely, glucose, lipids, and glutamine sustaining PCa cell survival and growth. Moreover, it is described as the action of oncogenes/tumor suppressors and sex steroid hormones in the metabolic reprogramming of PCa. Finally, the status of PCa treatment based on the inhibition of metabolic pathways is presented. Globally, this review updates the landscape of PCa metabolism, highlighting the critical metabolic alterations that could have a clinical and therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique J Cardoso
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tiago M A Carvalho
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Lara R S Fonseca
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Marília I Figueira
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cátia V Vaz
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Socorro
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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27
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CPT1A Over-Expression Increases Reactive Oxygen Species in the Mitochondria and Promotes Antioxidant Defenses in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113431. [PMID: 33218188 PMCID: PMC7709014 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men and the second highest contributor to cancer deaths. Targeting lipid catabolism enzymes in PCa may offer new avenues for therapeutic approaches. During the last decade, carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (CPT1A) has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for a growing list of cancers. In this study, we have tested the hypothesis that excess CPT1A plays a key role in supporting adaptation to stress and antioxidant defense production in PCa cells. Specifically, we have studied molecular differences between CPT1A gain and loss of function models, revealing genetic and metabolic vulnerabilities that could be targeted to avoid progression to neuroendocrine differentiation, a lethal form of the disease. Examining public datasets, we have also found that excess CPT1A expression leads to worse progression-free survival in PCa patients. Abstract Cancers reprogram their metabolism to adapt to environmental changes. In this study, we examined the consequences of altered expression of the mitochondrial enzyme carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (CPT1A) in prostate cancer (PCa) cell models. Using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, we compared LNCaP-C4-2 cell lines with depleted (knockdown (KD)) or increased (overexpression (OE)) CPT1A expression. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also measured. Transcriptomic analysis identified ER stress, serine biosynthesis and lipid catabolism as significantly upregulated pathways in the OE versus KD cells. On the other hand, androgen response was significantly downregulated in OE cells. These changes associated with increased acyl-carnitines, serine synthesis and glutathione precursors in OE cells. Unexpectedly, OE cells showed increased mitochondrial ROS but when challenged with fatty acids and no androgens, the Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) enzyme increased in the OE cells, suggesting better antioxidant defenses with excess CPT1A expression. Public databases also showed decreased androgen response correlation with increased serine-related metabolism in advanced PCa. Lastly, worse progression free survival was observed with increased lipid catabolism and decreased androgen response. Excess CPT1A is associated with a ROS-mediated stress phenotype that can support PCa disease progression. This study provides a rationale for targeting lipid catabolic pathways for therapy in hormonal cancers.
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28
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Butler LM, Perone Y, Dehairs J, Lupien LE, de Laat V, Talebi A, Loda M, Kinlaw WB, Swinnen JV. Lipids and cancer: Emerging roles in pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:245-293. [PMID: 32711004 PMCID: PMC7736102 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of effective tools to study lipids, including mass spectrometry-based lipidomics, lipids are emerging as central players in cancer biology. Lipids function as essential building blocks for membranes, serve as fuel to drive energy-demanding processes and play a key role as signaling molecules and as regulators of numerous cellular functions. Not unexpectedly, cancer cells, as well as other cell types in the tumor microenvironment, exploit various ways to acquire lipids and extensively rewire their metabolism as part of a plastic and context-dependent metabolic reprogramming that is driven by both oncogenic and environmental cues. The resulting changes in the fate and composition of lipids help cancer cells to thrive in a changing microenvironment by supporting key oncogenic functions and cancer hallmarks, including cellular energetics, promoting feedforward oncogenic signaling, resisting oxidative and other stresses, regulating intercellular communication and immune responses. Supported by the close connection between altered lipid metabolism and the pathogenic process, specific lipid profiles are emerging as unique disease biomarkers, with diagnostic, prognostic and predictive potential. Multiple preclinical studies illustrate the translational promise of exploiting lipid metabolism in cancer, and critically, have shown context dependent actionable vulnerabilities that can be rationally targeted, particularly in combinatorial approaches. Moreover, lipids themselves can be used as membrane disrupting agents or as key components of nanocarriers of various therapeutics. With a number of preclinical compounds and strategies that are approaching clinical trials, we are at the doorstep of exploiting a hitherto underappreciated hallmark of cancer and promising target in the oncologist's strategy to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Butler
- Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Ylenia Perone
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jonas Dehairs
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, KU Leuven Cancer Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leslie E Lupien
- Program in Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 037560, USA
| | - Vincent de Laat
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, KU Leuven Cancer Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ali Talebi
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, KU Leuven Cancer Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Massimo Loda
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - William B Kinlaw
- The Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Johannes V Swinnen
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, KU Leuven Cancer Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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29
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Englinger B, Laemmerer A, Moser P, Kallus S, Röhrl C, Pirker C, Baier D, Mohr T, Niederstaetter L, Meier-Menches SM, Gerner C, Gabler L, Gojo J, Timelthaler G, Senkiv J, Jäger W, Kowol CR, Heffeter P, Berger W. Lipid droplet-mediated scavenging as novel intrinsic and adaptive resistance factor against the multikinase inhibitor ponatinib. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:1680-1693. [PMID: 32064608 PMCID: PMC7497038 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ponatinib is a small molecule multi‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor clinically approved for anticancer therapy. Molecular mechanisms by which cancer cells develop resistance against ponatinib are currently poorly understood. Likewise, intracellular drug dynamics, as well as potential microenvironmental factors affecting the activity of this compound are unknown. Cell/molecular biological and analytical chemistry methods were applied to investigate uptake kinetics/subcellular distribution, the role of lipid droplets (LDs) and lipoid microenvironment compartments in responsiveness of FGFR1‐driven lung cancer cells toward ponatinib. Selection of lung cancer cells for acquired ponatinib resistance resulted in elevated intracellular lipid levels. Uncovering intrinsic ponatinib fluorescence enabled dissection of drug uptake/retention kinetics in vitro as well as in mouse tissue cryosections, and revealed selective drug accumulation in LDs of cancer cells. Pharmacological LD upmodulation or downmodulation indicated that the extent of LD formation and consequent ponatinib incorporation negatively correlated with anticancer drug efficacy. Co‐culturing with adipocytes decreased ponatinib levels and fostered survival of cancer cells. Ponatinib‐selected cancer cells exhibited increased LD levels and enhanced ponatinib deposition into this organelle. Our findings demonstrate intracellular deposition of the clinically approved anticancer compound ponatinib into LDs. Furthermore, increased LD biogenesis was identified as adaptive cancer cell‐defense mechanism via direct drug scavenging. Together, this suggests that LDs represent an underestimated organelle influencing intracellular pharmacokinetics and activity of anticancer tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Targeting LD integrity might constitute a strategy to enhance the activity not only of ponatinib, but also other clinically approved, lipophilic anticancer therapeutics. What's new? Ponatinib is a small‐molecule multi‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor clinically approved for anticancer therapy. However, to date, the intracellular pharmacokinetics of this compound and the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance in cancer cells remain largely unknown. Here, the authors found that ponatinib was selectively scavenged by lipid droplets in cancer cells. Ponatinib accumulation into lipid droplets emerged as a critical determinant of intrinsic and acquired drug resistance. The findings suggest that lipid droplets represent an underestimated organelle influencing intracellular pharmacokinetics and anticancer tyrosine kinase inhibitor activity. Moreover, co‐targeting of lipogenic cancer cell phenotypes might enhance the efficacy of ponatinib and other lipophilic pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Englinger
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Laemmerer
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Moser
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Kallus
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Röhrl
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dina Baier
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Niederstaetter
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Samuel M Meier-Menches
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Gabler
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Gojo
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Timelthaler
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Senkiv
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Cell Biology NAS of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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30
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Kopecka J, Trouillas P, Gašparović AČ, Gazzano E, Assaraf YG, Riganti C. Phospholipids and cholesterol: Inducers of cancer multidrug resistance and therapeutic targets. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 49:100670. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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31
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Lipid droplets: platforms with multiple functions in cancer hallmarks. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:105. [PMID: 32029741 PMCID: PMC7005265 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (also known as lipid bodies) are lipid-rich, cytoplasmic organelles that play important roles in cell signaling, lipid metabolism, membrane trafficking, and the production of inflammatory mediators. Lipid droplet biogenesis is a regulated process, and accumulation of these organelles within leukocytes, epithelial cells, hepatocytes, and other nonadipocyte cells is a frequently observed phenotype in several physiologic or pathogenic situations and is thoroughly described during inflammatory conditions. Moreover, in recent years, several studies have described an increase in intracellular lipid accumulation in different neoplastic processes, although it is not clear whether lipid droplet accumulation is directly involved in the establishment of these different types of malignancies. This review discusses current evidence related to the biogenesis, composition and functions of lipid droplets related to the hallmarks of cancer: inflammation, cell metabolism, increased proliferation, escape from cell death, and hypoxia. Moreover, the potential of lipid droplets as markers of disease and targets for novel anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic therapies will be discussed.
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Nagesh PKB, Chowdhury P, Hatami E, Jain S, Dan N, Kashyap VK, Chauhan SC, Jaggi M, Yallapu MM. Tannic acid inhibits lipid metabolism and induce ROS in prostate cancer cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:980. [PMID: 31969643 PMCID: PMC6976712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) cells exploit the aberrant lipid signaling and metabolism as their survival advantage. Also, intracellular storage lipids act as fuel for the PCa proliferation. However, few studies were available that addressed the topic of targeting lipid metabolism in PCa. Here, we assessed the tannic acid (TA) lipid-targeting ability and its capability to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PCa cells. TA exhibited dual effects by inhibiting lipogenic signaling and suppression of lipid metabolic pathways. The expression of proteins responsible for lipogenesis was down regulated. The membrane permeability and functionality of PCa were severely affected and caused nuclear disorganization during drug exposure. Finally, these consolidated events shifted the cell's survival balance towards apoptosis. These results suggest that TA distinctly interferes with the lipid signaling and metabolism of PCa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth K B Nagesh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Pallabita Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Elham Hatami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Shashi Jain
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA
- Department of Pathology, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Nirnoy Dan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Vivek Kumar Kashyap
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, 78504, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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Kuniyoshi S, Miki Y, Sasaki A, Iwabuchi E, Ono K, Onodera Y, Hirakawa H, Ishida T, Yoshimi N, Sasano H. The significance of lipid accumulation in breast carcinoma cells through perilipin 2 and its clinicopathological significance. Pathol Int 2019; 69:463-471. [PMID: 31273897 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Both systemic and intratumoral lipid metabolism have been recently reported to play pivotal roles in both tumor development and progression in various human malignancies including breast cancer. However, its details have remained largely unknown in breast cancer patients. Therefore, in this study, we focused on perilipin 2, which is involved in constituting the intracellular lipid composition. Perilipin 2 was first immunolocalized in 105 cases of breast cancer. The status of perilipin 2 immunoreactivity was significantly positively associated with histological grade, Ki-67 labeling index and HER2 status and negatively with estrogen receptor status of these patients. Subsequent in vitro study also revealed that its mRNA expression in triple negative breast carcinoma cells was higher than cells of other subtypes. We then examined the correlation between perilipin 2 immunoreactivity and intracellular lipid droplet evaluated by Oil-red O stating in 13 cases of breast carcinoma tissues. A significantly positive correlation was detected between the status of perilipin 2 and Oil-red O staining. These findings above did indicate that perilipin 2 could represent the status of intracellular lipid droplets in surgical pathology specimens of breast cancer and perilipin 2 was also associated with its more aggressive biological phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Kuniyoshi
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miki
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akari Sasaki
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Erina Iwabuchi
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ono
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Onodera
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Takanori Ishida
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Yoshimi
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Thiam AR, Dugail I. Lipid droplet-membrane contact sites - from protein binding to function. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:132/12/jcs230169. [PMID: 31209063 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.230169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the general context of an increasing prevalence of obesity-associated diseases, which follows changing paradigms in food consumption and worldwide use of industry-transformed foodstuffs, much attention has been given to the consequences of excessive fattening on health. Highly related to this clinical problem, studies at the cellular and molecular level are focused on the fundamental mechanism of lipid handling in dedicated lipid droplet (LD) organelles. This Review briefly summarizes how views on LD functions have evolved from those of a specialized intracellular compartment dedicated to lipid storage to exerting a more generalized role in the stress response. We focus on the current understanding of how proteins bind to LDs and determine their function, and on the new paradigms that have emerged from the discoveries of the multiple contact sites formed by LDs. We argue that elucidating the important roles of LD tethering to other cellular organelles allows for a better understanding of LD diversity and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdou Rachid Thiam
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Dugail
- U1269 INSERM/Sorbonne Université, Nutriomics, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
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Lipid Metabolism and Endocrine Resistance in Prostate Cancer, and New Opportunities for Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112626. [PMID: 31142021 PMCID: PMC6600138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men, and more than 10% of men will be diagnosed with PCa during their lifetime. Patients that are not cured with surgery or radiation are largely treated with endocrine therapies that target androgens or the androgen receptor (AR), a major driver of PCa. In response to androgen deprivation, most PCas progress to castrate resistant PCa, which is treated with anti-androgens like enzalutamide, but tumors still progress and become incurable. Thus, there is a critical need to identify cellular pathways that allow tumors to escape anti-androgen therapies. Epidemiological studies suggest that high-fat diets play important roles in PCa progression. Lipid metabolism rewires the PCa metabolome to support growth and resistance to endocrine therapies, although the exact mechanisms remain obscure. Therapeutic effects have been observed inhibiting several aspects of PCa lipid metabolism: Synthesis, uptake, and oxidation. Since AR remains a driver of PCa in advanced disease, strategies targeting both lipid metabolism and AR are starting to emerge, providing new opportunities to re-sensitize tumors to endocrine therapies with lipid metabolic approaches.
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Guo H, Wan B, Wang J, Zhang J, Yao W, Shen Z. Astragalus saponins inhibit cell growth, aerobic glycolysis and attenuate the inflammatory response in a DSS-induced colitis model. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:1041-1048. [PMID: 30569176 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that Astragalus saponins (AST), extracted from the medicinal plant Astragalus membranaceus, possess anti‑tumor and apoptosis‑inducing abilities on various types of human cancer in vitro and in vivo. However, limited studies have explored how AST impacts glucose metabolism and growth conditions in vitro. The present study aimed to explore cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and a series of glycolysis metabolic alterations associated with AST treatment in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. MTT, a colony formation assay and flow cytometry demonstrated that AST dose‑dependently inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis. Glucose uptake and lactate production measurements revealed that AST could inhibit glycolysis metabolism and lactate production. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis identified that the expression levels of glycolytic enzymes were decreased by AST treatment in CRC cells. To uncover the possible impact of AST on inflammation and glucose metabolism in vivo, a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‑induced colitis mouse model was established. Notably, AST could inhibit growth and glycolysis metabolism in CRC cells in vitro, and attenuate the inflammatory response and tumor‑like aerobic glycolysis in the DSS‑induced mouse model. The findings indicated that AST may have the capacity to resist tumor‑associated inflammation and maintain normal glucose homeostasis, suggesting that AST could be a novel therapeutic strategy in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Guo
- The Southern Division of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201112, P.R. China
| | - Boshun Wan
- Department of General Surgery, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Jiansong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- The Southern Division of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201112, P.R. China
| | - Wenfei Yao
- The Northern Division of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Shen
- The Southern Division of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201112, P.R. China
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Hernández-Corbacho MJ, Obeid LM. A novel role for DGATs in cancer. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 72:89-101. [PMID: 30579761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María José Hernández-Corbacho
- Stony Brook Cancer Center and the Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Stony Brook Cancer Center and the Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA; The Northport VA Medical Center, Northport, NY, 11768, USA.
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Lv X, Liu J, Qin Y, Liu Y, Jin M, Dai J, Chua BT, Yang H, Li P. Identification of gene products that control lipid droplet size in yeast using a high-throughput quantitative image analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1864:113-127. [PMID: 30414449 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are important organelles involved in energy storage and expenditure. LD dynamics has been investigated using genome-wide image screening methods in yeast and other model organisms. For most studies, genes were identified using two-dimensional images with LD enlargement as readout. Due to imaging limitation, reduction of LD size is seldom explored. Here, we aim to set up a screen that specifically utilizes reduced LD size as the readout. To achieve this, a novel yeast screen is set up to quantitatively and systematically identify genes that regulate LD size through a three-dimensional imaging-based approach. Cidea which promotes LD fusion and growth in mammalian cells was overexpressed in a yeast knockout library to induce large LD formation. Next, an automated, high-throughput image analysis method that monitors LD size was utilized. With this screen, we identified twelve genes that reduced LD size when deleted. The effects of eight of these genes on LD size were further validated in fld1 null strain background. In addition, six genes were previously identified as LD-regulating genes. To conclude, this methodology represents a promising strategy to screen for players in LD size control in both yeast and mammalian cells to aid in the investigation of LD-associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yiran Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yizhang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Meijun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Junbiao Dai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Boon Tin Chua
- Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hongyuan Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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The role of metabolism and tunneling nanotube-mediated intercellular mitochondria exchange in cancer drug resistance. Biochem J 2018; 475:2305-2328. [PMID: 30064989 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Intercellular communications play a major role in tissue homeostasis. In pathologies such as cancer, cellular interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME) contribute to tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are newly discovered long-range intercellular connections that allow the exchange between cells of various cargos, ranging from ions to whole organelles such as mitochondria. TNT-transferred mitochondria were shown to change the metabolism and functional properties of recipient cells as reported for both normal and cancer cells. Metabolic plasticity is now considered a hallmark of cancer as it notably plays a pivotal role in drug resistance. The acquisition of cancer drug resistance was also associated to TNT-mediated mitochondria transfer, a finding that relates to the role of mitochondria as a hub for many metabolic pathways. In this review, we first give a brief overview of the various mechanisms of drug resistance and of the cellular communication means at play in the TME, with a special focus on the recently discovered TNTs. We further describe recent studies highlighting the role of the TNT-transferred mitochondria in acquired cancer cell drug resistance. We also present how changes in metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, pentose phosphate and lipid metabolism, are linked to cancer cell resistance to therapy. Finally, we provide examples of novel therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria and cell metabolism as a way to circumvent cancer cell drug resistance.
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Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2-mediated lipid droplet production supports colorectal cancer chemoresistance. Nat Commun 2018; 9:322. [PMID: 29358673 PMCID: PMC5778070 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplet (LD) accumulation is a now well-recognised hallmark of cancer. However, the significance of LD accumulation in colorectal cancer (CRC) biology is incompletely understood under chemotherapeutic conditions. Since drug resistance is a major obstacle to treatment success, we sought to determine the contribution of LD accumulation to chemotherapy resistance in CRC. Here we show that LD content of CRC cells positively correlates with the expression of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2 (LPCAT2), an LD-localised enzyme supporting phosphatidylcholine synthesis. We also demonstrate that LD accumulation drives cell-death resistance to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin treatments both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LD accumulation impairs caspase cascade activation and ER stress responses. Notably, droplet accumulation is associated with a reduction in immunogenic cell death and CD8+ T cell infiltration in mouse tumour grafts and metastatic tumours of CRC patients. Collectively our findings highlight LPCAT2-mediated LD accumulation as a druggable mechanism to restore CRC cell sensitivity. Lipid droplets (LD) accumulation correlates with colorectal cancer (CRC) relapse. Here the authors show that chemotherapy induces LD synthesis via acyltransferase LPCAT2 which, in turn, promotes chemoresistance via LD accumulation both in vitro and in vivo by blocking chemotherapy-induced ER stress.
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Ma MKF, Lau EYT, Leung DHW, Lo J, Ho NPY, Cheng LKW, Ma S, Lin CH, Copland JA, Ding J, Lo RCL, Ng IOL, Lee TKW. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase regulates sorafenib resistance via modulation of ER stress-induced differentiation. J Hepatol 2017. [PMID: 28647567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We investigated the functional role and clinical significance of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in regulating liver tumor-initiating cells (T-ICs) and sorafenib resistance, with the aim of developing a novel therapeutic strategy against hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). METHODS We evaluated the clinic-pathological relevance of SCD1 and its correlation with sorafenib resistance in large cohorts of HCC clinical samples by qPCR and immunohistochemical analyses. Lentiviral-based overexpression and knockdown approaches were performed to characterize the functional roles of SCD1 in regulating liver T-ICs and sorafenib resistance. Molecular pathways mediating the phenotypic alterations were identified through RNA sequencing analysis and functional rescue experiments. The combinatorial effect of SCD1 inhibition and sorafenib was tested using a patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model. RESULTS SCD1 overexpression was found in HCC, which was associated with shorter disease-free survival (p = 0.008, log rank test). SCD1 was found to regulate the populations of liver T-ICs; while its suppression by a SCD1 inhibitor suppressed liver T-ICs and sorafenib resistance. Interestingly, SCD1 was markedly upregulated in our established sorafenib-resistant PDTX model, and its overexpression predicts the clinical response of HCC patients to sorafenib treatment. Suppression of SCD1 forces liver T-ICs to differentiate via ER stress-induced unfolded protein response, resulting in an enhanced sensitivity to sorafenib. The PDTX#1 model, combined with sorafenib treatment and a novel SCD1 inhibitor (SSI-4), showed a maximal growth suppressive effect. CONCLUSIONS SCD1-mediated ER stress regulates liver T-ICs and sorafenib sensitivity. Targeting SCD1 alone or in combination with sorafenib might be a novel personalized medicine against HCC. Lay summary: In this study, SCD1 was found to play a critical role in regulating liver tumor-initiating cells and sorafenib resistance through the regulation of ER stress-mediated differentiation. Targeting SCD1 in combination with sorafenib may be a novel therapeutic strategy against liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Kin Fai Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eunice Yuen Ting Lau
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Doris Hoi Wing Leung
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Jessica Lo
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Nicole Pui Yu Ho
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Lily Kwan Wai Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Stephanie Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Ho Lin
- Centre for Genomic Science, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - John A Copland
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, United States
| | - Jin Ding
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, China
| | - Regina Cheuk Lam Lo
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Irene Oi Lin Ng
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Terence Kin Wah Lee
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
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Flaig TW, Salzmann-Sullivan M, Su LJ, Zhang Z, Joshi M, Gijón MA, Kim J, Arcaroli JJ, Van Bokhoven A, Lucia MS, La Rosa FG, Schlaepfer IR. Lipid catabolism inhibition sensitizes prostate cancer cells to antiandrogen blockade. Oncotarget 2017; 8:56051-56065. [PMID: 28915573 PMCID: PMC5593544 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy among Western men and the second leading-cause of cancer related deaths. For men who develop metastatic castration resistant PCa (mCRPC), survival is limited, making the identification of novel therapies for mCRPC critical. We have found that deficient lipid oxidation via carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT1) results in decreased growth and invasion, underscoring the role of lipid oxidation to fuel PCa growth. Using immunohistochemistry we have found that the CPT1A isoform is abundant in PCa compared to benign tissue (n=39, p<0.001) especially in those with high-grade tumors. Since lipid oxidation is stimulated by androgens, we have evaluated the synergistic effects of combining CPT1A inhibition and anti-androgen therapy. Mechanistically, we have found that decreased CPT1A expression is associated with decreased AKT content and activation, likely driven by a breakdown of membrane phospholipids and activation of the INPP5K phosphatase. This results in increased androgen receptor (AR) action and increased sensitivity to the anti-androgen enzalutamide. To better understand the clinical implications of these findings, we have evaluated fat oxidation inhibitors (etomoxir, ranolazine and perhexiline) in combination with enzalutamide in PCa cell models. We have observed a robust growth inhibitory effect of the combinations, including in enzalutamide-resistant cells and mouse TRAMPC1 cells, a more neuroendocrine PCa model. Lastly, using a xenograft mouse model, we have observed decreased tumor growth with a systemic combination treatment of enzalutamide and ranolazine. In conclusion, our results show that improved anti-cancer efficacy can be achieved by co-targeting the AR axis and fat oxidation via CPT1A, which may have clinical implications, especially in the mCRPC setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W. Flaig
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Maren Salzmann-Sullivan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Lih-Jen Su
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Molishree Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Miguel A. Gijón
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jihye Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - John J. Arcaroli
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Adrie Van Bokhoven
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - M. Scott Lucia
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Francisco G. La Rosa
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Isabel R. Schlaepfer
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Liu Q, Luo Q, Halim A, Song G. Targeting lipid metabolism of cancer cells: A promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. Cancer Lett 2017; 401:39-45. [PMID: 28527945 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important metabolic hallmarks of cancer cells is deregulation of lipid metabolism. In addition, enhancing de novo fatty acid (FA) synthesis, increasing lipid uptake and lipolysis have also been considered as means of FA acquisition in cancer cells. FAs are involved in various aspects of tumourigenesis and tumour progression. Therefore, targeting lipid metabolism is a promising therapeutic strategy for human cancer. Recent studies have shown that reprogramming lipid metabolism plays important roles in providing energy, macromolecules for membrane synthesis, and lipid signals during cancer progression. Moreover, accumulation of lipid droplets in cancer cells acts as a pivotal adaptive response to harmful conditions. Here, we provide a brief review of the crucial roles of FA metabolism in cancer development, and place emphasis on FA origin, utilization and storage in cancer cells. Understanding the regulation of lipid metabolism in cancer cells has important implications for exploring a new therapeutic strategy for management and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Alexander Halim
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guanbin Song
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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Koizume S, Miyagi Y. Lipid Droplets: A Key Cellular Organelle Associated with Cancer Cell Survival under Normoxia and Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091430. [PMID: 27589734 PMCID: PMC5037709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Warburg effect describes the phenomenon by which cancer cells obtain energy from glycolysis even under normoxic (O₂-sufficient) conditions. Tumor tissues are generally exposed to hypoxia owing to inefficient and aberrant vasculature. Cancer cells have multiple molecular mechanisms to adapt to such stress conditions by reprogramming the cellular metabolism. Hypoxia-inducible factors are major transcription factors induced in cancer cells in response to hypoxia that contribute to the metabolic changes. In addition, cancer cells within hypoxic tumor areas have reduced access to serum components such as nutrients and lipids. However, the effect of such serum factor deprivation on cancer cell biology in the context of tumor hypoxia is not fully understood. Cancer cells are lipid-rich under normoxia and hypoxia, leading to the increased generation of a cellular organelle, the lipid droplet (LD). In recent years, the LD-mediated stress response mechanisms of cancer cells have been revealed. This review focuses on the production and functions of LDs in various types of cancer cells in relation to the associated cellular environment factors including tissue oxygenation status and metabolic mechanisms. This information will contribute to the current understanding of how cancer cells adapt to diverse tumor environments to promote their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Koizume
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama 241-8515, Japan.
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama 241-8515, Japan.
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Schlaepfer IR, Nambiar DK, Ramteke A, Kumar R, Dhar D, Agarwal C, Bergman B, Graner M, Maroni P, Singh RP, Agarwal R, Deep G. Hypoxia induces triglycerides accumulation in prostate cancer cells and extracellular vesicles supporting growth and invasiveness following reoxygenation. Oncotarget 2016; 6:22836-56. [PMID: 26087400 PMCID: PMC4673203 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is an independent prognostic indicator of poor outcome in several malignancies. However, precise mechanism through which hypoxia promotes disease aggressiveness is still unclear. Here, we report that under hypoxia (1% O2), human prostate cancer (PCA) cells, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by these cells, are significantly enriched in triglycerides due to the activation of lipogenesis-related enzymes and signaling molecules. This is likely a survival response to hypoxic stress as accumulated lipids could support growth following reoxygenation. Consistent with this, significantly higher proliferation was observed in hypoxic PCA cells following reoxygenation associated with rapid use of accumulated lipids. Importantly, lipid utilization inhibition by CPT1 inhibitor etomoxir and shRNA-mediated CPT1-knockdown significantly compromised hypoxic PCA cell proliferation following reoxygenation. Furthermore, COX2 inhibitor celecoxib strongly reduced growth and invasiveness following hypoxic PCA cells reoxygenation, and inhibited invasiveness induced by hypoxic PCA EVs. This establishes a role for COX2 enzymatic products in the enhanced PCA growth and invasiveness. Importantly, concentration and loading of EVs secreted by PCA cells were significantly compromised under delipidized serum condition and by lipogenesis inhibitors (fatostatin and silibinin). Overall, present study highlights the biological significance of lipid accumulation in hypoxic PCA cells and its therapeutic relevance in PCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel R Schlaepfer
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Dhanya K Nambiar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Anand Ramteke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Deepanshi Dhar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Chapla Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Bryan Bergman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael Graner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paul Maroni
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rana P Singh
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Gagan Deep
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Aberrant Lipid Metabolism Promotes Prostate Cancer: Role in Cell Survival under Hypoxia and Extracellular Vesicles Biogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071061. [PMID: 27384557 PMCID: PMC4964437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the leading malignancy among men in United States. Recent studies have focused on the identification of novel metabolic characteristics of PCa, aimed at devising better preventive and therapeutic approaches. PCa cells have revealed unique metabolic features such as higher expression of several enzymes associated with de novo lipogenesis, fatty acid up-take and β-oxidation. This aberrant lipid metabolism has been reported to be important for PCa growth, hormone-refractory progression and treatment resistance. Furthermore, PCa cells effectively use lipid metabolism under adverse environmental conditions for their survival advantage. Specifically, hypoxic cancer cells accumulate higher amount of lipids through a combination of metabolic alterations including high glutamine and fatty acid uptake, as well as decreased fatty acid oxidation. These stored lipids serve to protect cancer cells from oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and play important roles in fueling cancer cell proliferation following re-oxygenation. Lastly, cellular lipids have also been implicated in extracellular vesicle biogenesis, which play a vital role in intercellular communication. Overall, the new understanding of lipid metabolism in recent years has offered several novel targets to better target and manage clinical PCa.
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Inhibition of Lipid Oxidation Increases Glucose Metabolism and Enhances 2-Deoxy-2-[(18)F]Fluoro-D-Glucose Uptake in Prostate Cancer Mouse Xenografts. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 17:529-38. [PMID: 25561013 PMCID: PMC4493937 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-014-0814-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death among men in the United States. Due to the lipid-driven metabolic phenotype of PCa, imaging with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) is suboptimal, since tumors tend to have low avidity for glucose. Procedures We have used the fat oxidation inhibitor etomoxir (2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)-hexyl]oxirane-2-carboxylate) that targets carnitine-palmitoyl-transferase-1 (CPT-1) to increase glucose uptake in PCa cell lines. Small hairpin RNA specific for CPT1A was used to confirm the glycolytic switch induced by etomoxir in vitro. Systemic etomoxir treatment was used to enhance [18F]FDG-positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG-PET) imaging in PCa xenograft mouse models in 24 h. Results PCa cells significantly oxidize more of circulating fatty acids than benign cells via CPT-1 enzyme, and blocking this lipid oxidation resulted in activation of the Warburg effect and enhanced [18F]FDG signal in PCa mouse models. Conclusions Inhibition of lipid oxidation plays a major role in elevating glucose metabolism of PCa cells, with potential for imaging enhancement that could also be extended to other cancers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11307-014-0814-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Rak S, De Zan T, Stefulj J, Kosović M, Gamulin O, Osmak M. FTIR spectroscopy reveals lipid droplets in drug resistant laryngeal carcinoma cells through detection of increased ester vibrational bands intensity. Analyst 2015; 139:3407-15. [PMID: 24834449 DOI: 10.1039/c4an00412d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The major obstacle to successful chemotherapy of cancer patients is drug resistance. Previously we explored the molecular mechanisms of curcumin cross-resistance in carboplatin resistant human laryngeal carcinoma 7T cells. Following curcumin treatment we found a reduction in curcumin accumulation, and reduced induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their downstream effects, compared to parental HEp-2 cells. In order to shed more light on mechanisms involved in drug resistance of 7T cells, in the present study we applied Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, a technique that provides information about the nature and quantities of all molecules present in the cell. By comparing the spectra from parental HEp-2 cells and their 7T subline, we found an increase in the intensity of ester vibrational bands in 7T cells. This implied an increase in the amount of cholesteryl esters in resistant cells, which we confirmed by an enzymatic assay. Since cholesteryl esters are localized in lipid droplets, we confirmed their higher quantity and serum dependency in 7T cells compared to HEp-2 cells. Moreover, treatment with oleic acid induced more lipid droplets in 7T when compared to HEp-2 cells, as shown by flow cytometry. We can conclude that along with previously determined molecular mechanisms of curcumin resistance in 7T cells, these cells exhibit an increased content of cholesteryl esters and lipid droplets, suggesting an alteration in cellular lipid metabolism as a possible additional mechanism of drug resistance. Furthermore, our results suggest the use of FTIR spectroscopy as a promising technique in drug resistance research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjica Rak
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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The role of ovarian sex steroids in metabolic homeostasis, obesity, and postmenopausal breast cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:140196. [PMID: 25866757 PMCID: PMC4383469 DOI: 10.1155/2015/140196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obese postmenopausal women have an increased risk of breast cancer and are likely to have a worse prognosis than nonobese postmenopausal women. The cessation of ovarian function after menopause results in withdrawal of ovarian sex steroid hormones, estrogen, and progesterone. Accumulating evidence suggests that the withdrawal of estrogen and progesterone causes homeostasis imbalances, including decreases in insulin sensitivity and leptin secretion and changes in glucose and lipid metabolism, resulting in a total reduction in energy expenditure. Together with a decrease in physical activity and consumption of a high fat diet, these factors significantly contribute to obesity in postmenopausal women. Obesity may contribute to breast cancer development through several mechanisms. Obesity causes localized inflammation, an increase in local estrogen production, and changes in cellular metabolism. In addition, obese women have a higher risk of insulin insensitivity, and an increase in insulin and other growth factor secretion. In this review, we describe our current understanding of the molecular actions of estrogen and progesterone and their contributions to cellular metabolism, obesity, inflammation, and postmenopausal breast cancer. We also discuss how modifications of estrogen and progesterone actions might be used as a therapeutic approach for obesity and postmenopausal breast cancer.
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Iordanescu G, Brendler C, Crawford SE, Wyrwicz AM, Venkatasubramanian PN, Doll JA. MRS measured fatty acid composition of periprostatic adipose tissue correlates with pathological measures of prostate cancer aggressiveness. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 42:651-7. [PMID: 25522916 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopically measured fatty acid composition of periprostatic adipose tissue and pathological markers of prostate cancer aggressiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS Periprostatic adipose (PPA) and subcutaneous adipose (SQA) tissue from prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy were examined ex vivo by proton MR spectroscopy at 14.1T (n = 31). Fractions of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, total unsaturated, and saturated fatty acids, as well as T2 relaxation times were measured from the spectra. Univariate and multivariate analyses based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and support vector machines (SVM) were used to evaluate the association between differential measures of fatty acid levels in the PPA and SQA tissues and Gleason score and extracapsular extension (ECE), which are pathological measures of prostate cancer aggressiveness. RESULTS Both pathological markers for aggressive prostate cancer have separable patterns in the MRS features space. The association between ECE and PPA tissue fatty acid composition is linear (area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AROC) and 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 1.00, [1.00, 1.00]), along the Δ(fM /fS ) measure, and is marked by elevated monounsaturated and reduced saturated fatty acids in the PPA tissue relative to SQA. In contrast, the association between Gleason score and PPA tissue fatty acid composition is nonlinear (classifier AROC and 95% CIs: 0.86, [0.71, 1.00]). CONCLUSION Fatty acid composition is altered in the PPA tissue of patients with aggressive prostate cancer. Ex vivo MR spectroscopy may be a useful tool in studying the altered fatty acid metabolism in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheorghe Iordanescu
- Center for Basic M.R. Research, Department of Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Charles Brendler
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Susan E Crawford
- Department of Pathology, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Alice M Wyrwicz
- Center for Basic M.R. Research, Department of Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Jennifer A Doll
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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