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Xu A, Luo Y, Tang Y, Yang F, Gao X, Qiao G, Zhu X, Zhou J. Chitinases as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:2489-2503. [PMID: 38194198 PMCID: PMC11081993 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons, and there is currently a lack of reliable diagnostic biomarkers. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate CHIT1, CHI3L1, and CHI3L2 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or blood and their diagnostic potential in ALS patients. A systematic, comprehensive search was performed of peer-reviewed English-language articles published before April 1, 2023, in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. After a thorough screening, 13 primary articles were included, and their chitinases-related data were extracted for systematic review and meta-analysis. In ALS patients, the CSF CHIT1 levels were significantly elevated compared to controls with healthy control (HC) (SMD, 1.92; 95% CI, 0.78 - 3.06; P < 0.001). CHIT1 levels were elevated in the CSF of ALS patients compared to other neurodegenerative diseases (ONDS) control (SMD, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.22 - 1.27; P < 0.001) and exhibited an even more substantial increase when compared to ALS-mimicking diseases (AMDS) (SMD, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.35 - 1.94, P < 0.001). Similarly, the CSF CHI3L1 levels were significantly higher in ALS patients compared to HC (SMD, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.26 - 5.06, P < 0.001). CHI3L1 levels were elevated in the CSF of ALS patients compared to ONDS (SMD, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.32 - 1.19; P = 0.017) and exhibited a more pronounced increase when compared to AMDS (SMD, 1.92; 95% CI, 0.41 - 3.42; P < 0.001). The levels of CSF chitinases in the ALS patients showed a significant increase, supporting the role of CSF chitinases as diagnostic biomarkers for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoling Xu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yujun Luo
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yudi Tang
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Fen Yang
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolian Gao
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Guiyuan Qiao
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinhong Zhu
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.
- First Clinical Medical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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Yu JE, Yeo IJ, Han SB, Yun J, Kim B, Yong YJ, Lim YS, Kim TH, Son DJ, Hong JT. Significance of chitinase-3-like protein 1 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and cancer. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1-18. [PMID: 38177294 PMCID: PMC10834487 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a secreted glycoprotein that mediates inflammation, macrophage polarization, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. The expression of CHI3L1 is strongly upregulated by various inflammatory and immunological diseases, including several cancers, Alzheimer's disease, and atherosclerosis. Several studies have shown that CHI3L1 can be considered as a marker of disease diagnosis, prognosis, disease activity, and severity. In addition, the proinflammatory action of CHI3L1 may be mediated via responses to various proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and interferon-γ. Therefore, CHI3L1 may contribute to a vast array of inflammatory diseases. However, its pathophysiological and pharmacological roles in the development of inflammatory diseases remain unclear. In this article, we review recent findings regarding the roles of CHI3L1 in the development of inflammatory diseases and suggest therapeutic approaches that target CHI3L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Yu
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jun Yeo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesuk Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongcheol Kim
- Senelix Co. Ltd., 25, Beobwon-ro 11-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05836, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ji Yong
- PRESTI GEBIOLOGICS Co. Ltd., Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28161, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Soo Lim
- PRESTI GEBIOLOGICS Co. Ltd., Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28161, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hun Kim
- Autotelic Bio Inc., Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ju Son
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea.
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Skvortsova L, Abdikerim S, Yergali K, Mit N, Perfilyeva A, Omarbayeva N, Zhunussova A, Kachiyeva Z, Sadykova T, Bekmanov B, Kaidarova D, Djansugurova L, Zhunussova G. Association of Genetic Markers with the Risk of Early-Onset Breast Cancer in Kazakh Women. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:108. [PMID: 38254997 PMCID: PMC10815330 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a global health problem. It is an age-dependent disease, but cases of early-onset breast cancer (eBC) are gradually increasing. There are many unresolved questions regarding eBC risk factors, mechanisms of development and screening. Only 10% of eBC cases are due to mutations in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes, and 90% have a more complex genetic background. This poses a significant challenge to timely cancer detection in young women and highlights the need for research and awareness. Therefore, identifying genetic risk factors for eBC is essential to solving these problems. This study represents an association analysis of 144 eBC cases and 163 control participants to identify genetic markers associated with eBC risks in Kazakh women. We performed a two-stage approach in association analysis to assess genetic predisposition to eBC. First-stage genome-wide association analysis revealed two risk intronic loci in the CHI3L2 gene (p = 5.2 × 10-6) and MGAT5 gene (p = 8.4 × 10-6). Second-stage exonic polymorphisms haplotype analysis showed significant risks for seven haplotypes (p < 9.4 × 10-4). These results point to the importance of studying medium- and low-penetrant genetic markers in their haplotype combinations for a detailed understanding of the role of detected genetic markers in eBC development and prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya Skvortsova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Saltanat Abdikerim
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Kanagat Yergali
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Natalya Mit
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Anastassiya Perfilyeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Nazgul Omarbayeva
- Breast Cancer Department, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (N.O.); (T.S.); (D.K.)
- Oncology Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Zhunussova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Zulfiya Kachiyeva
- Research Institute of Applied and Fundamental Medicine, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan;
| | - Tolkyn Sadykova
- Breast Cancer Department, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (N.O.); (T.S.); (D.K.)
- Oncology Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Bakhytzhan Bekmanov
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Dilyara Kaidarova
- Breast Cancer Department, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (N.O.); (T.S.); (D.K.)
- Oncology Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Leyla Djansugurova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulnur Zhunussova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; (L.S.); (S.A.); (K.Y.); (N.M.); (A.P.); (A.Z.); (B.B.); (L.D.)
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Cao Y, Xiong Y, Sun H, Wang Z. Neurorescuing effect of Cinacalcet against hypercalcemia-induced nerve injury in chronic kidney disease via TRAF2/cIAP1/KLF2/SERPINA3 signal axis. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:1-17. [PMID: 35635602 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09717-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypercalcemia is a common complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and unfortunately contributes to nerve injury. This study aims to investigate the potential role and underlying mechanisms of Cinacalcet (CIN) in hypercalcemia-driven nerve injury in CKD. A CKD mouse model was first established by adenine feeding to identify the therapeutic effects of CIN. Molecules related to CIN and CKD were predicted by bioinformatics analysis and their expression in the kidney tissues of CKD mice was measured by immunochemistry. Gain- and loss-of-functions assays were performed both in vitro and in vivo to evaluate their effects on nerve injury in CKD, as reflected by Scr and BUN, and brain calcium content as well as behavior tests. CIN ameliorated hypercalcemia-driven nerve injury in CKD mice. Interactions among TRAF2, an E3-ubiquitin ligase, KLF2, and SERPINA3 were bioinformatically predicted on CIN effect. CIN restricted the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of KLF2 by downregulating TRAF2. KLF2 targeted and inversely regulated SERPINA3 to repress hypercalcemia-driven nerve injury in CKD. CIN was substantiated in vivo to ameliorate hypercalcemia-driven nerve injury in CKD mice through the TRAF2/KLF2/SERPINA3 regulatory axis. Together, CIN suppresses SERPINA3 expression via TRAF2-mediated inhibition of the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of KLF2, thus repressing hypercalcemia-induced nerve injury in CKD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaochen Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yingquan Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hongming Sun
- Department of Neurology, the Fourth Hospital of Daqing, Daqing, 163712, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, People's Republic of China
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Talaat F, Abdelatty S, Ragaie C, Dahshan A. Chitinase-3-like 1-protein in CSF: a novel biomarker for progression in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:3243-3252. [PMID: 36988727 PMCID: PMC10415417 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06764-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chitinase -3-like 1-protein (CHI3L1) is a glycoside secreted by monocytes, microglia, and activated astrocytes. Its distribution in inflammatory lesions denotes its role in astrocytic response to modulate CNS inflammation. In multiple sclerosis (MS), CHI3L1 levels have been found to be influenced by disease severity, activity, and progression. We aimed to measure CSF level of CHI3L1 in patients with MS and correlate its level with disability measures for a possible role as a biomarker for disease progression. METHODS Fifty-two MS patients (30 relapsing-remitting MS and 22 progressive MS) and thirty-five age and sex-matched healthy controls were included. They all underwent full clinical assessment (including disability and cognitive scales), radiological assessment, and CSF level of CHI3L1. RESULTS Patients with MS had higher CSF level of CHI3L1 than controls. Patients with progressive forms had higher levels than relapsing forms. There were positive correlations between disease duration, number of attacks, total EDSS, and CSF level of CHI3L1. Patients who had higher level of CSF CHI3L1 showed worse performance in MMSE and BICAMS and more lesions in T2 MRI brain. A cut off value of 154 ng/mL was found between patients with RRMS and PMS patients. CONCLUSION CHI3L1 can be considered as a biomarker of disease progression. CHI3L1 level increases in progressive MS more than RRMS. Also, high CSF level of CHI3L1 was associated with more disability including motor, cognitive, and radiological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sahar Abdelatty
- Clinical Pathology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Li F, Liu A, Zhao M, Luo L. Astrocytic Chitinase-3-like protein 1 in neurological diseases: Potential roles and future perspectives. J Neurochem 2023; 165:772-790. [PMID: 37026513 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a secreted glycoprotein characterized by its ability to regulate multiple biological processes, such as the inflammatory response and gene transcriptional signaling activation. Abnormal CHI3L1 expression has been associated with multiple neurological disorders and serves as a biomarker for the early detection of several neurodegenerative diseases. Aberrant CHI3L1 expression is also reportedly associated with brain tumor migration and metastasis, as well as contributions to immune escape, playing important roles in brain tumor progression. CHI3L1 is synthesized and secreted mainly by reactive astrocytes in the central nervous system. Thus, targeting astrocytic CHI3L1 could be a promising approach for the treatment of neurological diseases, such as traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and glioma. Based on current knowledge of CHI3L1, we assume that it acts as a molecule mediating several signaling pathways driving the initiation and progression of neurological disorders. This narrative review is the first to introduce the potential roles of astrocytic CHI3L1 in neurological disorders. We also equally explore astrocytic CHI3L1 mRNA expression under physiological and pathological conditions. Inhibiting CHI3L1 and disrupting its interaction with its receptors through multiple mechanisms of action are briefly discussed. These endeavors highlight the pivotal roles of astrocytic CHI3L1 in neurological disorders and could contribute to the development of effective inhibitors based on the strategy of structure-based drug discovery, which could be an attractive therapeutic approach for neurological disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Precision Pharmacy and Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Hospital of 92880 Troops, PLA Navy, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - An Liu
- Precision Pharmacy and Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minggao Zhao
- Precision Pharmacy and Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Lanxin Luo
- Precision Pharmacy and Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
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SERPINA3: Stimulator or Inhibitor of Pathological Changes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010156. [PMID: 36672665 PMCID: PMC9856089 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
SERPINA3, also called α-1-antichymotrypsin (AACT, ACT), is one of the inhibitors of serine proteases, one of which is cathepsin G. As an acute-phase protein secreted into the plasma by liver cells, it plays an important role in the anti-inflammatory response and antiviral response. Elevated levels of SERPINA3 have been observed in heart failure and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Many studies have shown increased expression levels of the SERPINA3 gene in various types of cancer, such as glioblastoma, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, breast cancer, or melanoma. In this case, the SERPINA3 protein is associated with an antiapoptotic function implemented by adjusting the PI3K/AKT or MAPK/ERK 1/2 signal pathways. However, the functions of the SERPINA3 protein are still only partially understood, mainly in the context of cancerogenesis, so it seems necessary to summarize the available information and describe its mechanism of action. In particular, we sought to amass the existing body of research focusing on the description of the underlying mechanisms of various diseases not related to cancer. Our goal was to present an overview of the correct function of SERPINA3 as part of the defense system, which unfortunately easily becomes the "Fifth Column" and begins to support processes of destruction.
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Molecular subtypes of ALS are associated with differences in patient prognosis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:95. [PMID: 36609402 PMCID: PMC9822908 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35494-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with poorly understood clinical heterogeneity, underscored by significant differences in patient age at onset, symptom progression, therapeutic response, disease duration, and comorbidity presentation. We perform a patient stratification analysis to better understand the variability in ALS pathology, utilizing postmortem frontal and motor cortex transcriptomes derived from 208 patients. Building on the emerging role of transposable element (TE) expression in ALS, we consider locus-specific TEs as distinct molecular features during stratification. Here, we identify three unique molecular subtypes in this ALS cohort, with significant differences in patient survival. These results suggest independent disease mechanisms drive some of the clinical heterogeneity in ALS.
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Sanfilippo C, Giuliano L, Castrogiovanni P, Imbesi R, Ulivieri M, Fazio F, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Di Rosa M. Sex, Age, and Regional Differences in CHRM1 and CHRM3 Genes Expression Levels in the Human Brain Biopsies: Potential Targets for Alzheimer's Disease-related Sleep Disturbances. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:740-760. [PMID: 36475335 PMCID: PMC10207911 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221207091209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholinergic hypofunction and sleep disturbance are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive disorder leading to neuronal deterioration. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1-5 or mAChRs), expressed in hippocampus and cerebral cortex, play a pivotal role in the aberrant alterations of cognitive processing, memory, and learning, observed in AD. Recent evidence shows that two mAChRs, M1 and M3, encoded by CHRM1 and CHRM3 genes, respectively, are involved in sleep functions and, peculiarly, in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. METHODS We used twenty microarray datasets extrapolated from post-mortem brain tissue of nondemented healthy controls (NDHC) and AD patients to examine the expression profile of CHRM1 and CHRM3 genes. Samples were from eight brain regions and stratified according to age and sex. RESULTS CHRM1 and CHRM3 expression levels were significantly reduced in AD compared with ageand sex-matched NDHC brains. A negative correlation with age emerged for both CHRM1 and CHRM3 in NDHC but not in AD brains. Notably, a marked positive correlation was also revealed between the neurogranin (NRGN) and both CHRM1 and CHRM3 genes. These associations were modulated by sex. Accordingly, in the temporal and occipital regions of NDHC subjects, males expressed higher levels of CHRM1 and CHRM3, respectively, than females. In AD patients, males expressed higher levels of CHRM1 and CHRM3 in the temporal and frontal regions, respectively, than females. CONCLUSION Thus, substantial differences, all strictly linked to the brain region analyzed, age, and sex, exist in CHRM1 and CHRM3 brain levels both in NDHC subjects and in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sanfilippo
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Loretta Giuliano
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Imbesi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Ulivieri
- Department of Psychiatry, Health Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Francesco Fazio
- Department of Psychiatry, Health Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
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Connolly K, Lehoux M, O’Rourke R, Assetta B, Erdemir GA, Elias JA, Lee CG, Huang YWA. Potential role of chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1/YKL-40) in neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:9-24. [PMID: 35234337 PMCID: PMC9437141 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1/YKL-40) has long been known as a biomarker for early detection of neuroinflammation and disease diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the brain, CHI3L1 is primarily provided by astrocytes and heralds the reactive, neurotoxic state triggered by inflammation and other stress signals. However, how CHI3L1 acts in neuroinflammation or how it contributes to AD and relevant neurodegenerative conditions remains unknown. In peripheral tissues, our group and others have uncovered that CHI3L1 is a master regulator for a wide range of injury and repair events, including the innate immunity pathway that resembles the neuroinflammation process governed by microglia and astrocytes. Based on assessment of current knowledge regarding CHI3L1 biology, we hypothesize that CHI3L1 functions as a signaling molecule mediating distinct neuroinflammatory responses in brain cells and misfunctions to precipitate neurodegeneration. We also recommend future research directions to validate such assertions for better understanding of disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Connolly
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University,Graduate Program in Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University
| | - Mikael Lehoux
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University
| | - Ryan O’Rourke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University,Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Brown University
| | - Benedetta Assetta
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University
| | - Guzide Ayse Erdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University
| | - Jack A Elias
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University
| | - Yu-Wen Alvin Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University,Department of Neurology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University,Center for Translational Neuroscience, Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, Brown University
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11
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Ahmad I, Wergeland S, Oveland E, Bø L. An Association of Chitinase-3 Like-Protein-1 With Neuronal Deterioration in Multiple Sclerosis. ASN Neuro 2023; 15:17590914231198980. [PMID: 38062768 PMCID: PMC10710113 DOI: 10.1177/17590914231198980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of Chitinase-3-like protein-1 (CHI3L1) in cerebrospinal fluid have previously been linked to inflammatory activity and disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. This study aimed to investigate the presence of CHI3L1 in the brains of MS patients and in the cuprizone model in mice (CPZ), a model of toxic/metabolic demyelination and remyelination in different brain areas. In MS gray matter (GM), CHI3L1 was detected primarily in astrocytes and in a subset of pyramidal neurons. In neurons, CHI3L1 immunopositivity was associated with lipofuscin-like substance accumulation, a sign of cellular aging that can lead to cell death. The density of CHI3L1-positive neurons was found to be significantly higher in normal-appearing MS GM tissue compared to that of control subjects (p = .014). In MS white matter (WM), CHI3L1 was detected in astrocytes located within lesion areas, as well as in perivascular normal-appearing areas and in phagocytic cells from the initial phases of lesion development. In the CPZ model, the density of CHI3L1-positive cells was strongly associated with microglial activation in the WM and choroid plexus inflammation. Compared to controls, CHI3L1 immunopositivity in WM was increased from an early phase of CPZ exposure. In the GM, CHI3L1 immunopositivity increased later in the CPZ exposure phase, particularly in the deep GM region. These results indicate that CHI3L1 is associated with neuronal deterioration, pre-lesion pathology, along with inflammation in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intakhar Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stig Wergeland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Norwegian MS-registry and biobank, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Neuro-SysMed, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eystein Oveland
- Proteomics Unit at the University of Bergen (PROBE), Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Institute of Marine Research, IMR, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars Bø
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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12
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Jiang Z, Wang Z, Wei X, Yu XF. Inflammatory checkpoints in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: From biomarkers to therapeutic targets. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1059994. [PMID: 36618399 PMCID: PMC9815501 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1059994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor neuron damage. Due to the complexity of the ALS, so far the etiology and underlying pathogenesis of sporadic ALS are not completely understood. Recently, many studies have emphasized the role of inflammatory networks, which are comprised of various inflammatory molecules and proteins in the pathogenesis of ALS. Inflammatory molecules and proteins may be used as independent predictors of patient survival and might be used in patient stratification and in evaluating the therapeutic response in clinical trials. This review article describes the latest advances in various inflammatory markers in ALS and its animal models. In particular, this review discusses the role of inflammatory molecule markers in the pathogenesis of the disease and their relationship with clinical parameters. We also highlight the advantages and disadvantages of applying inflammatory markers in clinical manifestations, animal studies, and drug clinical trials. Further, we summarize the potential application of some inflammatory biomarkers as new therapeutic targets and therapeutic strategies, which would perhaps expand the therapeutic interventions for ALS.
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13
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Przysucha N, Górska K, Maskey-Warzęchowska M, Proboszcz M, Nejman-Gryz P, Paplińska-Goryca M, Dymek B, Zagozdzon A, Krenke R. The Role of Chitinases in Chronic Airway Inflammation Associated with Tobacco Smoke Exposure. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233765. [PMID: 36497025 PMCID: PMC9736934 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitinases and chitinase-like proteins are thought to play a role in innate inflammatory responses. Our study aimed to assess whether chitinase concentration and activity in induced sputum (IS) of patients exposed to tobacco smoke are related to the level of airway inflammation including the level and activity of chitinases and chitinase-like proteins. The study included 22 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 12 non-COPD smokers, and nine nonsmoking subjects. Sputum CHIT1 and YKL-40 levels and chitinolytic activity were compared with sputum IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, and MMP-9 levels. A hierarchical cluster analysis was also performed. Sputum YKL-40 was higher in COPD patients than in the control groups. Sputum CHIT1 and YKL-40 levels correlated with IS inflammatory cell count as well as with MMP-9 and IL-8 levels. Two main clusters were revealed: Cluster 1 had lower chitinase levels and activity, lower IS macrophage and neutrophil count, and lower IS IL-8, IL-18, and MMP-9 than Cluster 2. Comparison of COPD patients from both clusters revealed significant differences in the IS inflammatory profile despite comparable clinical and functional data. Our findings seem to confirm the involvement of chitinases in smoking-associated chronic airway inflammation and show that airway chitinases may be a potential novel marker in COPD phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Przysucha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Górska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-599-2753
| | - Marta Maskey-Warzęchowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Proboszcz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Nejman-Gryz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Paplińska-Goryca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Dymek
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Molecure SA, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Rafał Krenke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Xue L, Chu W, Wan F, Wu P, Zhao X, Ma L, She Y, Li C, Li Y. YKL-39 is an independent prognostic factor in gastric adenocarcinoma and is associated with tumor-associated macrophage infiltration and angiogenesis. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:362. [DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02830-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate. Angiogenesis is necessary for tumor infiltration and metastasis and affects patient prognosis. YKL-39 has monocyte chemotactic activity and pro-angiogenic activity in some tumors. In this study, we investigated the relationship between YKL-39 and tumor-associated macrophages and microangiogenesis in gastric cancer to determine its potential as a prognostic biomarker.
Materials and methods
A total of 119 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone gastrectomy at the 940th Hospital of the Joint Security Force between 2014 and 2018 were included in this study. We assayed the protein expression of YKL-39, CD68, and CD34 by immunohistochemistry in tissues of 119 patients with gastric cancer, as well as the intracellular expression of YKL-39 and CD68 by immunofluorescence. Data were analyzed with SPSS Statistics 25.0 to explore the impact of expression of YKL-39, CD68, and CD34 in gastric cancer patients and the relationship among them.
Results
Our results show that YKL-39 was expressed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of gastric cancer cells and tumor mesenchyme. YKL-39 protein expression was associated with the depth of tumor infiltration, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage; CD68 protein expression was associated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage; CD34 protein expression was not associated with clinicopathological characteristics. Expression of YKL-39 was positively correlated with CD68 and CD34 (p < 0.001), and high expression of YKL-39 was associated with poor prognosis (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
In gastric cancer, YKL-39 expression is positively correlated with the degree of tumor-associated macrophage infiltration and angiogenesis, and is a potential prognostic marker for gastric cancer.
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15
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Sanfilippo C, Castrogiovanni P, Vinciguerra M, Imbesi R, Ulivieri M, Fazio F, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Di Rosa M. A sex-stratified analysis of neuroimmune gene expression signatures in Alzheimer's disease brains. GeroScience 2022; 45:523-541. [PMID: 36136224 PMCID: PMC9886773 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of progressively disabling dementia. The chitinases CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 have long been known as biomarkers for microglial and astrocytic activation in neurodegeneration. Here, we collected microarray datasets from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) brain samples of non-demented controls (NDC) (n = 460), and of deceased patients with AD (n = 697). The AD patients were stratified according to sex. Comparing the high CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 expression group (75th percentile), and low CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 expression group (25th percentile), we obtained eight signatures according to the sex of patients and performed a genomic deconvolution analysis using neuroimmune signatures (NIS) belonging to twelve cell populations. Expression analysis revealed significantly higher CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 expression in AD compared with NDC, and positive correlations of these genes with GFAP and TMEM119. Furthermore, deconvolution analysis revealed that CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 high expression was associated with inflammatory signatures in both sexes. Neuronal activation profiles were significantly activated in AD patients with low CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 expression levels. Furthermore, gene ontology analysis of common genes regulated by the two chitinases unveiled immune response as a main biological process. Finally, microglia NIS significantly correlated with CHI3L2 expression levels and were more than 98% similar to microglia NIS determined by CHI3L1. According to our results, high levels of CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 in the brains of AD patients are associated with inflammatory transcriptomic signatures. The high correlation between CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 suggests strong co-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sanfilippo
- Neurologic Unit, AOU “Policlinico-San Marco”, Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, GF, Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Sicily Italy
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic ,Department of Translational Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute of the Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Rosa Imbesi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Ulivieri
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Francesco Fazio
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden ,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden ,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK ,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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16
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Castrogiovanni P, Barbagallo I, Imbesi R, Musumeci G, Sanfilippo C, Broggi G, Caltabiano R, Tibullo D, Giallongo C, Forte S, Li Volti G, Di Rosa M. Chitinase domain containing 1 increase is associated with low survival rate and M0 macrophages infiltrates in colorectal cancer patients. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 237:154038. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Chang KJ, Wu HY, Yarmishyn AA, Li CY, Hsiao YJ, Chi YC, Lo TC, Dai HJ, Yang YC, Liu DH, Hwang DK, Chen SJ, Hsu CC, Kao CL. Genetics behind Cerebral Disease with Ocular Comorbidity: Finding Parallels between the Brain and Eye Molecular Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179707. [PMID: 36077104 PMCID: PMC9456058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral visual impairments (CVIs) is an umbrella term that categorizes miscellaneous visual defects with parallel genetic brain disorders. While the manifestations of CVIs are diverse and ambiguous, molecular diagnostics stand out as a powerful approach for understanding pathomechanisms in CVIs. Nevertheless, the characterization of CVI disease cohorts has been fragmented and lacks integration. By revisiting the genome-wide and phenome-wide association studies (GWAS and PheWAS), we clustered a handful of renowned CVIs into five ontology groups, namely ciliopathies (Joubert syndrome, Bardet–Biedl syndrome, Alstrom syndrome), demyelination diseases (multiple sclerosis, Alexander disease, Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease), transcriptional deregulation diseases (Mowat–Wilson disease, Pitt–Hopkins disease, Rett syndrome, Cockayne syndrome, X-linked alpha-thalassaemia mental retardation), compromised peroxisome disorders (Zellweger spectrum disorder, Refsum disease), and channelopathies (neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder), and reviewed several mutation hotspots currently found to be associated with the CVIs. Moreover, we discussed the common manifestations in the brain and the eye, and collated animal study findings to discuss plausible gene editing strategies for future CVI correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kao-Jung Chang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Wu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | | | - Cheng-Yi Li
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jer Hsiao
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chen Lo
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - He-Jhen Dai
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiang Yang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Hao Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - De-Kuang Hwang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chien Hsu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-C.H.); (C.-L.K.); Tel.: +886-2-287-573-25 (C.-C.H.); +886-2-287-573-63 (C.-L.K.)
| | - Chung-Lan Kao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-C.H.); (C.-L.K.); Tel.: +886-2-287-573-25 (C.-C.H.); +886-2-287-573-63 (C.-L.K.)
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18
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Colini Baldeschi A, Zattoni M, Vanni S, Nikolic L, Ferracin C, La Sala G, Summa M, Bertorelli R, Bertozzi SM, Giachin G, Carloni P, Bolognesi ML, De Vivo M, Legname G. Innovative Non-PrP-Targeted Drug Strategy Designed to Enhance Prion Clearance. J Med Chem 2022; 65:8998-9010. [PMID: 35771181 PMCID: PMC9289883 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases are a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (called PrPSc). Although conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) to PrPSc is still not completely understood, most of the therapies developed until now are based on blocking this process. Here, we propose a new drug strategy aimed at clearing prions without any direct interaction with neither PrPC nor PrPSc. Starting from the recent discovery of SERPINA3/SerpinA3n upregulation during prion diseases, we have identified a small molecule, named compound 5 (ARN1468), inhibiting the function of these serpins and effectively reducing prion load in chronically infected cells. Although the low bioavailability of this compound does not allow in vivo studies in prion-infected mice, our strategy emerges as a novel and effective approach to the treatment of prion disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Colini Baldeschi
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Zattoni
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Vanni
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lea Nikolic
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Ferracin
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppina La Sala
- Molecular Modeling & Drug Discovery Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Summa
- Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Sine Mandrup Bertozzi
- Analytical Chemistry Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Giachin
- Department of Chemical Sciences (DiSC), University of Padua, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Carloni
- Institute for Advanced Simulations (IAS)-5/Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM)-9, "Computational Medicine", Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany.,Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM)-11, "Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging", Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany.,Department of Physics, RWTH-Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco De Vivo
- Molecular Modeling & Drug Discovery Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Legname
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
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19
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Zattoni M, Mearelli M, Vanni S, Colini Baldeschi A, Tran TH, Ferracin C, Catania M, Moda F, Di Fede G, Giaccone G, Tagliavini F, Zanusso G, Ironside JW, Ferrer I, Legname G. Serpin Signatures in Prion and Alzheimer's Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3778-3799. [PMID: 35416570 PMCID: PMC9148297 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02817-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Serpins represent the most broadly distributed superfamily of proteases inhibitors. They contribute to a variety of physiological functions and any alteration of the serpin-protease equilibrium can lead to severe consequences. SERPINA3 dysregulation has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and prion diseases. In this study, we investigated the differential expression of serpin superfamily members in neurodegenerative diseases. SERPIN expression was analyzed in human frontal cortex samples from cases of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), patients at early stages of AD-related pathology, and age-matched controls not affected by neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, we studied whether Serpin expression was dysregulated in two animal models of prion disease and AD.Our analysis revealed that, besides the already observed upregulation of SERPINA3 in patients with prion disease and AD, SERPINB1, SERPINB6, SERPING1, SERPINH1, and SERPINI1 were dysregulated in sCJD individuals compared to controls, while only SERPINB1 was upregulated in AD patients. Furthermore, we analyzed whether other serpin members were differentially expressed in prion-infected mice compared to controls and, together with SerpinA3n, SerpinF2 increased levels were observed. Interestingly, SerpinA3n transcript and protein were upregulated in a mouse model of AD. The SERPINA3/SerpinA3nincreased anti-protease activity found in post-mortem brain tissue of AD and prion disease samples suggest its involvement in the neurodegenerative processes. A SERPINA3/SerpinA3n role in neurodegenerative disease-related protein aggregation was further corroborated by in vitro SerpinA3n-dependent prion accumulation changes. Our results indicate SERPINA3/SerpinA3n is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of prion and prion-like neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zattoni
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore Di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Marika Mearelli
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore Di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Silvia Vanni
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore Di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.,Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo Per Lo Studio Dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014, Meldola, Italy
| | - Arianna Colini Baldeschi
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore Di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.,Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thanh Hoa Tran
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore Di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.,VN-UK Institute for Research and Executive Education, The University of Danang, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Chiara Ferracin
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore Di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Marcella Catania
- Division of Neurology 5 and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Moda
- Division of Neurology 5 and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Fede
- Division of Neurology 5 and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giaccone
- Division of Neurology 5 and Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tagliavini
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Zanusso
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - James W Ironside
- National CJD Research & Surveillance Unit, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Legname
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore Di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.
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20
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Bouvier DS, Fixemer S, Heurtaux T, Jeannelle F, Frauenknecht KBM, Mittelbronn M. The Multifaceted Neurotoxicity of Astrocytes in Ageing and Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Translational Perspective. Front Physiol 2022; 13:814889. [PMID: 35370777 PMCID: PMC8969602 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.814889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In a healthy physiological context, astrocytes are multitasking cells contributing to central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, defense, and immunity. In cell culture or rodent models of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), numerous studies have shown that astrocytes can adopt neurotoxic phenotypes that could enhance disease progression. Chronic inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, unbalanced phagocytosis, or alteration of their core physiological roles are the main manifestations of their detrimental states. However, if astrocytes are directly involved in brain deterioration by exerting neurotoxic functions in patients with NDDs is still controversial. The large spectrum of NDDs, with often overlapping pathologies, and the technical challenges associated with the study of human brain samples complexify the analysis of astrocyte involvement in specific neurodegenerative cascades. With this review, we aim to provide a translational overview about the multi-facets of astrocyte neurotoxicity ranging from in vitro findings over mouse and human cell-based studies to rodent NDDs research and finally evidence from patient-related research. We also discuss the role of ageing in astrocytes encompassing changes in physiology and response to pathologic stimuli and how this may prime detrimental responses in NDDs. To conclude, we discuss how potentially therapeutic strategies could be adopted to alleviate or reverse astrocytic toxicity and their potential to impact neurodegeneration and dementia progression in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Bouvier
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg (UL), Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- *Correspondence: David S. Bouvier,
| | - Sonja Fixemer
- Luxembourg Center of Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg (UL), Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Tony Heurtaux
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Systems Biology Group, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Félicia Jeannelle
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Katrin B. M. Frauenknecht
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg (UL), Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Department of Cancer Research (DOCR), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology, and Medicine (FSTM), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Michel Mittelbronn,
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21
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Serum NfL and CHI3L1 for ALS and parkinsonian disorders in the process of diagnosis. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2022; 129:301-309. [PMID: 35178615 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-022-02470-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) and chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1, also called YKL-40) concentrations are attractive candidate biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders, which include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and parkinsonian disorders. We aimed to assess the diagnostic power of serum NfL and CHI3L1 concentrations with regard to the early diagnosis of ALS and Parkinson's disease (PD). We studied 157 individuals, which included 41 healthy controls, 8 patients with ALS mimics, 18 patients initially diagnosed with ALS (ID-ALS), 32 patients late-diagnosed with ALS (LD-ALS), 29 patients with PD, 12 patients with PD mimics, and 17 patients initially diagnosed with atypical parkinsonian disorders (ID-APDs) at the initial stage of diagnosis. Electrochemiluminescence was used to measure the concentrations of serum NfL and CHI3L1, the diagnostic performance of which was assessed using the area under the receiver operating curves (AUCs). The AUCs of serum NfL were 0.90 for discriminating ALS mimics from LD-ALS at the initial stage of diagnosis and 0.89 for discriminating ALS mimics from ALS (LD/ID-ALS). The AUCs of serum NfL were 0.76 for discriminating PD from PD mimics at the initial stage of diagnosis, and 0.80 for discriminating PD from APD. No significant difference existed in serum CHI3L1 concentrations between individuals with suspected ALS or parkinsonism (p = 0.14, and p = 0.44, respectively). Serum NfL had excellent and almost good diagnostic performances for patients with ALS and PD, respectively, at the initial stage of diagnosis, whereas no significant difference existed in serum CHI3L1 between any groups.
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22
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Ogunkolade BW, Adaikalakoteswari A, Cardoso SR, Lowe R, Patel N, Rakyan V, Finer S, Wabitsch M, Saravanan P, Tripathi G, Bochukova E, Hitman GA. An integrative epi-transcriptomic approach identifies the human cartilage chitinase 3-like protein 2 ( CHI3L2) as a potential mediator of B12 deficiency in adipocytes. Epigenetics 2021; 17:1219-1233. [PMID: 34818986 PMCID: PMC9542961 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.2003043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 has multiple biochemical functions including in the one-carbon cycle generating a methyl group for DNA methylation, and metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids to generate energy via the citric acid cycle. The aim of our study was to use a combined epigenomic and transcriptomic approach to identify novel genes mediating the effect of B12 on adipogenesis.Human pre-adipocytes (CHUB-S7) were treated with a range of B12 (0-500 nM) concentrations from the day of cell seeding until harvesting in discovery and validation experiments prior to genome-wide methylation analysis using the Illumina HumanMethylation 450Beadchip. For transcriptomic analysis, RNA-seq libraries were run on the Illumina HiSeq 2500. To further investigate the expression of any genes on human adipogenesis, a second human preadipocyte strain was studied (SGBS) by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR).A combined epigenetic and transcriptomic approach in differentiated human pre-adipocyte cell line, CHUB-S7, identified that the Human cartilage chitinase 3-like protein 2 (CHI3L2) gene was hypo-methylated and had increased expression in low B12 conditions. Furthermore, there was an approximately 1000-fold increase in CHI3L2 expression in the early days of adipocyte differentiation, which paralleled an increase of lipid droplets in differentiated SGBS cells and an increased expression level of markers of mature adipocytes.In summary, we have identified a potential role of the human cartilage chitinase 3-like protein 2 (CHI3L2) in adipocyte function in the presence of low B12 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- B William Ogunkolade
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Antonysunil Adaikalakoteswari
- Populations, Evidence, and Technologies, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Department of Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Shirleny Romualdo Cardoso
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Rob Lowe
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Nisha Patel
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Vardhman Rakyan
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Finer
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ponnusamy Saravanan
- Populations, Evidence, and Technologies, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Gyanendra Tripathi
- Populations, Evidence, and Technologies, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Human Sciences Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| | - Elena Bochukova
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Graham A Hitman
- Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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23
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Li J, Lim RG, Kaye JA, Dardov V, Coyne AN, Wu J, Milani P, Cheng A, Thompson TG, Ornelas L, Frank A, Adam M, Banuelos MG, Casale M, Cox V, Escalante-Chong R, Daigle JG, Gomez E, Hayes L, Holewenski R, Lei S, Lenail A, Lima L, Mandefro B, Matlock A, Panther L, Patel-Murray NL, Pham J, Ramamoorthy D, Sachs K, Shelley B, Stocksdale J, Trost H, Wilhelm M, Venkatraman V, Wassie BT, Wyman S, Yang S, Van Eyk JE, Lloyd TE, Finkbeiner S, Fraenkel E, Rothstein JD, Sareen D, Svendsen CN, Thompson LM. An integrated multi-omic analysis of iPSC-derived motor neurons from C9ORF72 ALS patients. iScience 2021; 24:103221. [PMID: 34746695 PMCID: PMC8554488 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are challenging for systems biology because of the lack of reliable animal models or patient samples at early disease stages. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could address these challenges. We investigated DNA, RNA, epigenetics, and proteins in iPSC-derived motor neurons from patients with ALS carrying hexanucleotide expansions in C9ORF72. Using integrative computational methods combining all omics datasets, we identified novel and known dysregulated pathways. We used a C9ORF72 Drosophila model to distinguish pathways contributing to disease phenotypes from compensatory ones and confirmed alterations in some pathways in postmortem spinal cord tissue of patients with ALS. A different differentiation protocol was used to derive a separate set of C9ORF72 and control motor neurons. Many individual -omics differed by protocol, but some core dysregulated pathways were consistent. This strategy of analyzing patient-specific neurons provides disease-related outcomes with small numbers of heterogeneous lines and reduces variation from single-omics to elucidate network-based signatures. Multi-omic analysis of differentiated C9ORF72 iPSC-derived motor neurons Network-based integrative computational analysis Pathogenic versus compensatory pathways elucidated using C9ORF72 Drosophila model Pathways confirmed with alternative differentiation protocol and postmortem data
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Li
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ryan G Lim
- UCI MIND, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Julia A Kaye
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics and the Taube/Koret Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Victoria Dardov
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Barbra Streisand Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alyssa N Coyne
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Pamela Milani
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Andrew Cheng
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA
| | | | - Loren Ornelas
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Aaron Frank
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Miriam Adam
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Maria G Banuelos
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Malcolm Casale
- UCI MIND, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Veerle Cox
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA
| | - Renan Escalante-Chong
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - J Gavin Daigle
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA
| | - Emilda Gomez
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Lindsey Hayes
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA
| | - Ronald Holewenski
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Barbra Streisand Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susan Lei
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Alex Lenail
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Leandro Lima
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics and the Taube/Koret Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Berhan Mandefro
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Andrea Matlock
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Barbra Streisand Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lindsay Panther
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | | | - Jacqueline Pham
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA
| | - Divya Ramamoorthy
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Karen Sachs
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Brandon Shelley
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jennifer Stocksdale
- UCI MIND, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Hannah Trost
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mark Wilhelm
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA
| | - Vidya Venkatraman
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Barbra Streisand Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brook T Wassie
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Stacia Wyman
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Stephanie Yang
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA
| | | | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Barbra Streisand Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas E Lloyd
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA
| | - Steven Finkbeiner
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics and the Taube/Koret Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.,Departments of Neurology and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ernest Fraenkel
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Rothstein
- Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA.,Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 212056, USA
| | - Dhruv Sareen
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Clive N Svendsen
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Leslie M Thompson
- UCI MIND, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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24
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Comabella M, Sastre-Garriga J, Borras E, Villar LM, Saiz A, Martínez-Yélamos S, García-Merino JA, Pinteac R, Fissolo N, Sánchez López AJ, Costa-Frossard L, Blanco Y, Llufriu S, Vidal-Jordana A, Sabidó E, Montalban X. CSF Chitinase 3-Like 2 Is Associated With Long-term Disability Progression in Patients With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2021; 8:8/6/e1082. [PMID: 34497102 PMCID: PMC8428018 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000001082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to identify long-term prognostic protein biomarkers associated with disease progression in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods CSF samples were collected from a discovery cohort of 28 patients with progressive MS who participated in a clinical trial with interferon beta. Patients were classified into high and low disability progression phenotypes according to numeric progression rates (NPR) and step-based progression rates (SPR) after a mean follow-up time of 12 years. Protein abundance was measured by shotgun proteomics. Selected proteins from the discovery cohort were quantified by parallel reaction monitoring in CSF samples from an independent validation cohort of 41 patients with progressive MS classified also into high and low disability progression phenotypes after a mean follow-up time of 7 years. Results Of 2,548 CSF proteins identified in the discovery cohort, 10 were selected for validation based on their association with long-term disability progression: SPATS2-like protein, chitinase 3–like 2 (CHI3L2), plasma serine protease inhibitor, metallothionein-3, phospholipase D4, beta-hexosaminidase, neurexophilin-1, adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1, cathepsin L1, and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein. Only CHI3L2 was validated, and patients with high disability progression exhibited significantly higher CSF protein levels compared with patients with low disability progression (p = 0.03 for NPR and p = 0.02 for SPR). CHI3L2 levels showed good performance to discriminate between high and low disability progression in patients with progressive MS (area under the curve 0.73; sensitivity 90% and specificity 63%). Conclusions Although further confirmatory studies are needed, we propose CSF CHI3L2 as a prognostic protein biomarker associated with long-term disability progression in patients with progressive MS. Classification of Evidence This study provides Class II evidence that high CSF CHI3L2 levels identified higher disability progression in patients with progressive MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Comabella
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jaume Sastre-Garriga
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Borras
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luisa M Villar
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Saiz
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Yélamos
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio García-Merino
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rucsanda Pinteac
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolas Fissolo
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J Sánchez López
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucienne Costa-Frossard
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Blanco
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Llufriu
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela Vidal-Jordana
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Sabidó
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Montalban
- From the Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica (M.C., J.S.-G., R.P., N.F., A.V.-J., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron; Eva Borràs (E.B., E.S.), Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; Departments of Neurology and Immunology (L.M.V., L.C.-F.), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria, Madrid; Service of Neurology (A.S., Y.B., S.L.), Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (S.M.-Y.), Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona; and Neuroimmunology Unit (J.A.G.M., A.J.S.L.), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
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25
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Johnson AA, Shokhirev MN. Pan-Tissue Aging Clock Genes That Have Intimate Connections with the Immune System and Age-Related Disease. Rejuvenation Res 2021; 24:377-389. [PMID: 34486398 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2021.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In our recent transcriptomic meta-analysis, we used random forest machine learning to accurately predict age in human blood, bone, brain, heart, and retina tissues given gene inputs. Although each tissue-specific model utilized a unique number of genes for age prediction, we found that the following six genes were prioritized in all five tissues: CHI3L2, CIDEC, FCGR3A, RPS4Y1, SLC11A1, and VTCN1. Since being selected for age prediction in multiple tissues is unique, we decided to explore these pan-tissue clock genes in greater detail. In the present study, we began by performing over-representation and network topology-based enrichment analyses in the Gene Ontology Biological Process database. These analyses revealed that the immunological terms "response to protozoan," "immune response," and "positive regulation of immune system process" were significantly enriched by these clock inputs. Expression analyses in mouse and human tissues identified that these inputs are frequently upregulated or downregulated with age. A detailed literature search showed that all six genes had noteworthy connections to age-related disease. For example, mice deficient in Cidec are protected against various metabolic defects, while suppressing VTCN1 inhibits age-related cancers in mouse models. Using a large multitissue transcriptomic dataset, we additionally generate a novel, minimalistic aging clock that can predict human age using just these six genes as inputs. Taken all together, these six genes are connected to diverse aspects of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maxim N Shokhirev
- Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
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26
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Chitinases and Chitinase-Like Proteins as Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Diseases, with a Special Focus on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136966. [PMID: 34203467 PMCID: PMC8268069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitinases belong to the evolutionarily conserved glycosyl hydrolase family 18 (GH18). They catalyze degradation of chitin to N-acetylglucosamine by hydrolysis of the β-(1-4)-glycosidic bonds. Although mammals do not synthesize chitin, they possess two enzymatically active chitinases, i.e., chitotriosidase (CHIT1) and acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase), as well as several chitinase-like proteins (YKL-40, YKL-39, oviductin, and stabilin-interacting protein). The latter lack enzymatic activity but still display oligosaccharides-binding ability. The physiologic functions of chitinases are still unclear, but they have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of various human fibrotic and inflammatory disorders, particularly those of the lung (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sarcoidosis, and asthma) and the gastrointestinal tract (inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and colon cancer). In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about chitinases, particularly in IBDs, and demonstrate that chitinases can serve as prognostic biomarkers of disease progression. Moreover, we suggest that the inhibition of chitinase activity may be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of IBDs.
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27
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Liu L, Yang Y, Duan H, He J, Sun L, Hu W, Zeng J. CHI3L2 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Immune Infiltrates in Gliomas. Front Oncol 2021; 11:611038. [PMID: 33937022 PMCID: PMC8084183 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.611038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CHI3L2 (Chitinase-3-Like Protein 2) is a member of chitinase-like proteins (CLPs), which belong to the glycoside hydrolase 18 family. Its homologous gene, CHI3L1, has been extensively studied in various tumors and has been shown to be related to immune infiltration in breast cancer and glioblastoma. High CHI3L2 expression was reported to be associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer and renal cell carcinoma. However, the prognostic significance of CHI3L2 in glioma and its correlation between immune infiltration remains unclear. In this study, we examined 288 glioma samples by immunohistochemistry to find that CHI3L2 is expressed in tumor cells and macrophages in glioma tissues and highly expressed in glioblastoma and IDH wild-type gliomas. Relationships between CHI3L2 expression and clinical features (grade, age, Ki67 index, P53, PHH3 (mitotic figures), ATRX, TERTp, MGMTp, IDH, and 1p/19q co-deleted status) were evaluated. Kaplan-Meier survival was conducted to show high CHI3L2 expression in tumor cells (TC) and macrophage cells (MC) indicated poor prognosis in diffusely infiltrating glioma (DIG), lower-grade glioma (LGG), and IDH wild-type gliomas (IDH-wt). The overall survival time was higher in patients with dual-low CHI3L2 expression in TC and MC compared to those in patients with non-dual CHI3L2 expression and dual high expression in DIG and IDH wild-type gliomas. By univariate and multivariate analysis, we found that high CHI3L2 expression in tumor cells was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor in glioma patients. Moreover, we used two datasets (TCGA and CGGA) to verify the results of our study and explore the potential functional role of CHI3L2 by GO and KEGG analyses in gliomas. TIMER platform analysis indicated CHI3L2 expression was closely related to diverse marker genes of tumor immune infiltrating cells, including monocytes, TAMs, M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, TGFβ1+ Treg and T cell exhaustion in GBM and LGG. Western Blot validated CHI3L2 is expressed in glioma cells and microglia cells. The results of flow cytometry showed that CHI3L2 induces the apoptosis of CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, these results demonstrate CHI3L2 is related to poor prognosis and immune infiltrates in gliomas, suggesting it may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and represent a new target for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Liu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahua He
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanming Hu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Brain CHID1 Expression Correlates with NRGN and CALB1 in Healthy Subjects and AD Patients. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040882. [PMID: 33924468 PMCID: PMC8069241 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive, devastating, and irreversible brain disorder that, day by day, destroys memory skills and social behavior. Despite this, the number of known genes suitable for discriminating between AD patients is insufficient. Among the genes potentially involved in the development of AD, there are the chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) CHI3L1, CHI3L2, and CHID1. The genes of the first two have been extensively investigated while, on the contrary, little information is available on CHID1. In this manuscript, we conducted transcriptome meta-analysis on an extensive sample of brains of healthy control subjects (n = 1849) (NDHC) and brains of AD patients (n = 1170) in order to demonstrate CHID1 involvement. Our analysis revealed an inverse correlation between the brain CHID1 expression levels and the age of NDHC subjects. Significant differences were highlighted comparing CHID1 expression of NDHC subjects and AD patients. Exclusive in AD patients, the CHID1 expression levels were correlated positively to calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1) levels. Furthermore, both in NDHC and in AD patient’s brains, the CHID1 expression levels were directly correlated with calbindin 1 (CALB1) and neurogranin (NRGN). According to brain regions, correlation differences were shown between the expression levels of CHID1 in prefrontal, frontal, occipital, cerebellum, temporal, and limbic system. Sex-related differences were only highlighted in NDHC. CHID1 represents a new chitinase potentially involved in the principal processes underlying Alzheimer’s disease.
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29
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Li YF, Scerif F, Picker SR, Stone TJ, Pickles JC, Moulding DA, Avery A, Virasami A, Fairchild AR, Tisdall M, Harkness W, Cross JH, Hargrave D, Guillemot F, Paine SM, Yasin SA, Jacques TS. Identifying cellular signalling molecules in developmental disorders of the brain: Evidence from focal cortical dysplasia and tuberous sclerosis. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2021; 47:781-795. [PMID: 33797808 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We understand little of the pathogenesis of developmental cortical lesions, because we understand little of the diversity of the cell types that contribute to the diseases or how those cells interact. We tested the hypothesis that cellular diversity and cell-cell interactions play an important role in these disorders by investigating the signalling molecules in the commonest cortical malformations that lead to childhood epilepsy, focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and tuberous sclerosis (TS). METHODS Transcriptional profiling clustered cases into molecularly distinct groups. Using gene expression data, we identified the secretory signalling molecules in FCD/TS and characterised the cell types expressing these molecules. We developed a functional model using organotypic cultures. RESULTS We identified 113 up-regulated secretory molecules in FCDIIB/TS. The top 12 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were validated by immunohistochemistry. This highlighted two molecules, Chitinase 3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) (MCP1) that were expressed in a unique population of small cells in close proximity to balloon cells (BC). We then characterised these cells and developed a functional model in organotypic slice cultures. We found that the number of CHI3L1 and CCL2 expressing cells decreased following inhibition of mTOR, the main aberrant signalling pathway in TS and FCD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight previously uncharacterised small cell populations in FCD and TS which express specific signalling molecules. These findings indicate a new level of diversity and cellular interactions in cortical malformations and provide a generalisable approach to understanding cell-cell interactions and cellular heterogeneity in developmental neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Feng Li
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Departments of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Pathology Department, Tri-Service General Hospital & National Defence Medical Centre, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fatma Scerif
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Simon R Picker
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Thomas J Stone
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Departments of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jessica C Pickles
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Departments of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Dale A Moulding
- ICH GOS Imaging Facility, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Aimee Avery
- Departments of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alex Virasami
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Departments of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Amy R Fairchild
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Departments of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Martin Tisdall
- Neurosurgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - William Harkness
- Neurosurgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Helen Cross
- Neurosciences Unit, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Darren Hargrave
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Neuro-Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Francois Guillemot
- Neural Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Simon M Paine
- Department of Neuropathology, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Shireena A Yasin
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Departments of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Thomas S Jacques
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Departments of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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30
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Sanfilippo C, Musumeci G, Castrogiovanni P, Fazio F, Li Volti G, Barbagallo I, Maugeri G, Ravalli S, Imbesi R, Di Rosa M. Hippocampal transcriptome deconvolution reveals differences in cell architecture of not demented elderly subjects underwent late-life physical activity. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 113:101934. [PMID: 33582252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings demonstrated that physical exercise has a powerful role in improving cognitive function and delaying age-associated neurological decline. However, to date, there is a lack of information regarding the effect of physical activity (PA) on brain cells architecture. In this paper, we hypothesized that PA could play a role in the transcriptional changes of genes that enrich the main cells of central nervous system (CNS). From NCBI, we selected a microarray dataset composed of the human hippocampi (GSE110298) from 23 cognitively intact clinical cases (NDHSs) (aged 87.4 ± 6.3 years) selected to from the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP). The significantly expressed genes, obtained comparing hippocampi from subjects who underwent Low Physical Activity (LPA) vs those who performed High Physical Activity (HPA), were overlapped with the main genes enriching the CNS cells, obtained from the public human brain single-cell RNA-sequencing dataset (GSE67835), in order to determine the respective weighted percentages of significantly expression genes modulation (WPSEG). In NDHSs underwent HPA, the WPSEG was higher for Neurons, Dendritic Development, Synaptic transmission genes and Axon Development. In addition, in NDHSs underwent LPA we observed high expression of genes enriching Oligodendrocytes, Microglia, and Endothelial cells. Furthermore, neurogenesis and the decreasing of the T cell-mediated inflammatory process were the two main molecular mechanisms activated in the brains of NDHSs underwent HPA. From our results, it is possible to conclude that, in elderly subjects, the transcriptional profile of CNS cells changes as a function of the PA conducted during life. Performing PA periodically supports the maintenance of the physiological balance of neuronal cells and, consequently, improves the quality of life of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sanfilippo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Strada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; Research Center on Motor Activities (CRAM), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia no 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Fazio
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ignazio Barbagallo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia Maugeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Silvia Ravalli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Imbesi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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31
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Ham HJ, Lee YS, Yun J, Son DJ, Lee HP, Han SB, Hong JT. K284-6111 alleviates memory impairment and neuroinflammation in Tg2576 mice by inhibition of Chitinase-3-like 1 regulating ERK-dependent PTX3 pathway. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:350. [PMID: 33222690 PMCID: PMC7681957 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-02022-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders characterized by gradual memory loss and neuropsychiatric symptoms. We have previously demonstrated that the 2-({3-[2-(1-cyclohexene-1-yl)ethyl]-6,7-dimethoxy-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2-quinazolinyl}sulfanyl)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)butanamide (K284-6111), the inhibitor of CHI3L1, has the inhibitory effect on memory impairment in Αβ infusion mouse model and on LPS-induced neuroinflammation in the murine BV-2 microglia and primary cultured astrocyte. Methods In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of K284-6111 on memory dysfunction and neuroinflammation in Tg2576 transgenic mice, and a more detailed correlation of CHI3L1 and AD. To investigate the effects of K284-6111 on memory dysfunction, we administered K284-6111 (3 mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 4 weeks to Tg2576 mice, followed by behavioral tests of water maze test, probe test, and passive avoidance test. Results Administration of K284-6111 alleviated memory impairment in Tg2576 mice and had the effect of reducing the accumulation of Aβ and neuroinflammatory responses in the mouse brain. K284-6111 treatment also selectively inactivated ERK and NF-κB pathways, which were activated when CHI3L1 was overexpressed, in the mouse brain and in BV-2 cells. Web-based gene network analysis and our results of gene expression level in BV-2 cells showed that CHI3L1 is closely correlated with PTX3. Our result revealed that knockdown of PTX3 has an inhibitory effect on the production of inflammatory proteins and cytokines, and on the phosphorylation of ERK and IκBα. Conclusion These results suggest that K284-6111 could improve memory dysfunction by alleviating neuroinflammation through inhibiting CHI3L1 enhancing ERK-dependent PTX3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Joo Ham
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesuk Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ju Son
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Pom Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea.
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Wilczyńska K, Waszkiewicz N. Diagnostic Utility of Selected Serum Dementia Biomarkers: Amyloid β-40, Amyloid β-42, Tau Protein, and YKL-40: A Review. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113452. [PMID: 33121040 PMCID: PMC7692800 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dementia is a group of disorders that causes dysfunctions in human cognitive and operating functions. Currently, it is not possible to conduct a fast, low-invasive dementia diagnostic process with the use of peripheral blood biomarkers, however, there is a great deal of research in progress covering this subject. Research on dementia biomarkers in serum validates anticipated health and economic benefits from early screening tests. Biomarkers are also essential for improving the process of developing new drugs. Methods: The result analysis, of current studies on selected biomarker concentrations (Aβ40, Aβ42, t-tau, and YKL-40) and their combination in the serum of patients with dementia and mild cognitive disorders, involved a search for papers available in Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science databases published from 2000 to 2020. Results: The results of conducted cross-sectional studies comparing Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ42/Aβ40 among people with cognitive disorders and a control group are incoherent. Most of the analyzed papers showed an increase in t-tau concentration in diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients’ serum, whereas results of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) groups did not differ from the control groups. In several papers on the concentration of YKL-40 and t-tau/Aβ42 ratio, the results were promising. To date, several studies have only covered the field of biomarker concentrations in dementia disorders other than AD. Conclusions: Insufficient amyloid marker test repeatability may result either from imperfection of the used laboratorial techniques or inadequate selection of control groups with their comorbidities. On the basis of current knowledge, t-tau, t-tau/Aβ42, and YKL-40 seem to be promising candidates as biomarkers of cognitive disorders in serum. YKL-40 seems to be a more useful biomarker in early MCI diagnostics, whereas t-tau can be used as a marker of progress of prodromal states in mild AD. Due to the insignificant number of studies conducted to date among patients with dementia disorders other than AD, it is not possible to make a sound assessment of their usefulness in dementia differential diagnostics.
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Sanfilippo C, Musumeci G, Kazakova M, Mazzone V, Castrogiovanni P, Imbesi R, Di Rosa M. GNG13 Is a Potential Marker of the State of Health of Alzheimer's Disease Patients' Cerebellum. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:1046-1060. [PMID: 33057964 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01726-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Brain regions such as the cerebellum (CB) have been neglected for a long time in the study of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. In reference to a new emerging hypothesis according to which there is an altered cerebellar synaptic processing in AD, we verified the possible role played by new biomarkers in the CB of AD patients compared with not-demented healthy control subjects (NDHS). Using a bioinformatics approach, we have collected several microarray datasets and obtained 626 cerebella sample biopsies belonging to subjects who did not die from causes related to neurological diseases and 199 cerebella belonging to AD. The analysis of logical relations between the transcriptome dataset highlighted guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) gamma 13 (GNG13) as a potential new biomarker for Purkinje cells (PCs). We have correlated GNG13 expression levels with already widely existing bibliography of PC marker genes, such as Purkinje cell protein 2 (PCP2), Purkinje cell protein 4 (PCP4), and cerebellin 3 (CBLN3). We showed that expression levels of GNG13 and PCP2, PCP4, and CBLN3 were significantly correlated with each other in NDHS and in AD and significantly reduced in AD patients compared with NDHS subjects. In addition, we highlighted a negative correlation between the expression levels of PC biomarkers and age. From the outcome of our investigation, it is possible to conclude that the identification of GNG13 as a potentially biomarker in PCs represents also a state of health of CB, in association with the expression of PCP2, PCP4, and CBLN3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sanfilippo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Strada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Kazakova
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Venera Mazzone
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Imbesi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Pesce A, Ciurleo R, Bramanti A, Armeli Iapichino EC, Petralia MC, Magro GG, Fagone P, Bramanti P, Nicoletti F, Mangano K. Effects of Combined Admistration of Imatinib and Sorafenib in a Murine Model of Liver Fibrosis. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184310. [PMID: 32962198 PMCID: PMC7571085 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is defined as excessive extracellular matrix deposition in the hepatic parenchyma as a consequence of complex interactions among matrix-producing hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and liver-resident and infiltrating cells. In addition to the liver, the process of fibrosis may represent end-stage disease of several diseases including kidneys, lungs, spleens, heart, muscles and at certain extent, the central nervous system and the peripheral nerves. To date, antifibrotic treatment of fibrosis represents an unconquered area for drug development. The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of a new drug combination for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis in order to provide a proof-of-concept for the use of therapeutic agents in clinical practice. For this purpose, we have studied the effects of the PDGF inhibitor imatinib and the angiogenesis inhibitor sorafenib, administered alone or in combination, in reducing the progression of the fibrogenetic process in a pre-clinical model of liver damage induced in mice by repeated administration of Concanavalin A (ConA), resembling long-tern autoimmune hepatitis. Our results suggest that treatments with imatinib and sorafenib can modulate potently and, in a superimposable fashion, the fibrinogenic process when administered alone. However, and in agreement with the computational data presently generated, they only exert partial overlapping antifibrotic effects in modulating the main pathways involved in the process of liver fibrosis, without significant additive or synergist effects, when administered in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pesce
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 86, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (G.G.M.)
| | - Rosella Ciurleo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (P.B.)
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (P.B.)
| | | | - Maria Cristina Petralia
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.P.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
| | - Gaetano Giuseppe Magro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 86, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (G.G.M.)
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.P.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (P.B.)
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.P.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.P.); (P.F.); (K.M.)
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Sanfilippo C, Castrogiovanni P, Imbesi R, Nunnari G, Di Rosa M. Postsynaptic damage and microglial activation in AD patients could be linked CXCR4/CXCL12 expression levels. Brain Res 2020; 1749:147127. [PMID: 32949560 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia with still unknown pathogenesis. Several cytokines and chemokines are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Among the chemokines, the CXCR4/CXCL12 complex has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenetic development of AD. We investigated the expression levels of CXCR4 / CXCL12 in fifteen brain regions of healthy non-demented subjects (NDHC) (2139 sample) and AD patients (1170 sample) stratified according to sex and age. Furthermore, we correlated their expressions with the Neurogranin (NRGN) and CHI3L1 levels, two inflamm-aging markers. We highlighted that CXCR4 gene expression levels were age-correlated in the brain of NDHC subjects and that AD nullified this correlation. A similar trend, but diametrically opposite was observed for CXCL12. Its expression was decreased during the aging in both sexes, and in the brains of AD patients, it underwent an inversion of the trend, only and exclusively in females. Brains of AD patients expressed high CXCR4 and CHI3L1, and low CXCL12 and Neurogranin levels compared to NDHC subjects. Both CXCR4 and CXCL12 correlated significantly with CHI3L1 and Neurogranin expression levels, regardless of disease. Furthermore, we showed a selective modulation of CXCL12 and CXCR4 only in specific brain regions. Taken together our results demonstrate that CXCL12 and CXCR4 are linked to Neurogranin and CHI3L1 expression levels and the relationship between postsynaptic damage and microglial activation in AD could be shown using all these genes. Further confirmations are needed to demonstrate the close link between these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sanfilippo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Strada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Imbesi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
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Woollacott IO, Nicholas JM, Heller C, Foiani MS, Moore KM, Russell LL, Paterson RW, Keshavan A, Schott JM, Warren JD, Heslegrave A, Zetterberg H, Rohrer JD. Cerebrospinal Fluid YKL-40 and Chitotriosidase Levels in Frontotemporal Dementia Vary by Clinical, Genetic and Pathological Subtype. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2020; 49:56-76. [PMID: 32344399 PMCID: PMC7513620 DOI: 10.1159/000506282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic glial dysfunction may contribute to the pathogenesis of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of glia-derived proteins YKL-40 and chitotriosidase are increased in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but have not been explored in detail across the spectrum of FTD. METHODS We investigated whether CSF YKL-40 and chitotriosidase levels differed between FTD patients and controls, across different clinical and genetic subtypes of FTD, and between individuals with a clinical FTD syndrome due to AD versus non-AD (frontotemporal lobar degeneration, FTLD) pathology (based on CSF neurodegenerative biomarkers). Eighteen healthy controls and 64 people with FTD (behavioural variant FTD, n = 20; primary progressive aphasia [PPA], n = 44: nfvPPA, n = 16, svPPA, n = 11, lvPPA, n = 14, PPA-NOS, n = 3) were included. 10/64 had familial FTD, with mutations in GRN(n = 3), MAPT(n = 4), or C9orf72 (n = 3). 15/64 had neurodegenerative biomarkers consistent with AD pathology. Levels were measured by immunoassay and compared using multiple linear regressions. We also examined relationships of YKL-40 and chitotriosidase with CSF total tau (T-tau), phosphorylated tau 181 (P-tau) and β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ42), with each other, and with age and disease du-ration. RESULTS CSF YKL-40 and chitotriosidase levels were higher in FTD, particularly lvPPA (both) and nfvPPA (YKL-40), compared with controls. GRN mutation carriers had higher levels of both proteins than controls and C9orf72 expansion carriers, and YKL-40 was higher in MAPT mutation carriers than controls. Individuals with underlying AD pathology had higher YKL-40 and chitotriosidase levels than both controls and those with likely FTLD pathology. CSF YKL-40 and chitotriosidase levels were variably associated with levels of T-tau, P-tau and Aβ42, and with each other, depending on clinical syndrome and underlying pathology. CSF YKL-40 but not chitotriosidase was associated with age, but not disease duration. CONCLUSION CSF YKL-40 and chitotriosidase levels are increased in individuals with clinical FTD syndromes, particularly due to AD pathology. In a preliminary analysis of genetic groups, levels of both proteins are found to be highly elevated in FTD due to GRN mutations, while YKL-40 is increased in individuals with MAPT mutations. As glia-derived protein levels generally correlate with T-tau and P-tau levels, they may reflect the glial response to neurodegeneration in FTLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ione O.C. Woollacott
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer M. Nicholas
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carolin Heller
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martha S. Foiani
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katrina M. Moore
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy L. Russell
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ross W. Paterson
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashvini Keshavan
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M. Schott
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jason D. Warren
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Heslegrave
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden,Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jonathan D. Rohrer
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom,*Dr. Jonathan D. Rohrer, Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG (UK),
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CHI3L2 Expression Levels Are Correlated with AIF1, PECAM1, and CALB1 in the Brains of Alzheimer's Disease Patients. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1598-1610. [PMID: 32705525 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01667-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents one of the main forms of dementia that afflicts our society. The expression of several genes has been associated with disease development. Despite this, the number of genes known to be capable of discriminating between AD patients according to sex remains deficient. In our study, we performed a transcriptomes meta-analysis on a large court of brains of healthy control subjects (n = 2139) (NDHC) and brains of AD patients (n = 1170). Our aim was to verify the brain expression levels of CHI3L2 and its correlation with genes associated with microglia-mediated neuroinflammation (IBA1), alteration of the blood-brain barrier (PECAM1), and neuronal damage (CALB1). We showed that the CHI3L2, IBA1, PECAM1, and CALB1 expression levels were modulated in the brains of patients with AD compared to NDHC subjects. Furthermore, both in NDHC and in AD patient's brains, the CHI3L2 expression levels were directly correlated with IBA1 and PECAM1 and inversely with CALB1. Additionally, the expression levels of CHI3L2, PECAM1, and CALB1 but not of IBA1 were sex-depended. By stratifying the samples according to age and sex, correlation differences emerged between the expression levels of CHI3L2, IBA1, PECAM1, and CALB1 and the age of NDHC subjects and AD patients. CHI3L2 represents a promising gene potentially involved in the key processes underlying Alzheimer's disease. Its expression in the brains of sex-conditioned AD patients opens up new possible sex therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling imbalance in disease progression.
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The expression levels of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα correlate with TGM2 in duodenum biopsies of patients with celiac disease. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:925-935. [PMID: 32500186 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01371-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Celiac disease (CD) is an intestinal inflammatory disorder of the small intestine. Gliadins are a component of gluten and there are three main types (α, γ, and ω). Recent studies indicate that gliadin peptides are able to activate an innate immune response. IL15 is a major mediator of the innate immune response and is involved in the early alteration of CD mucosa. The chitinase molecules are highly expressed by the innate immune cells during the inflammatory processes. MATERIAL OR SUBJECTS We analyzed several microarray datasets of PBMCs and duodenum biopsies of CD patients and healthy control subjects (HCs). We verified the modulation CHI3L1 in CD patients and correlated the expression levels to the IL15, IL15Rα, TGM2, IFNγ, and IFNGR1/2. Duodenal biopsy samples belonged to nine active and nine treated children patients (long-term effects of gliadin), and 17 adult CD patients and 10 adults HCs. We also selected 169 samples of PBMCs from 127 CD patients on adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) for at least 2 years and 44 HCs. RESULTS Our analysis showed that CHI3L1 and IL15Rα were significantly upregulated in adult and children's celiac duodenum biopsies. In addition, the two genes were correlated significantly both in children than in adults CD duodenum biopsies. No significant modulation was observed in PBMCs of adult CD patients compared to the HCs. The correlation analysis of the expression levels of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα compared to TGM showed significant values both in adults and in children duodenal biopsies. Furthermore, the IFNγ expression levels were positively correlated with CHI3L1 and IL15Rα. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis confirmed the diagnostic ability of CHI3L1 and IL15Rα to discriminate CD from HCs. CONCLUSION Our data suggest a role for CHI3L1 underlying the pathophysiology of CD and represent a starting point aiming to inspire new investigation that proves the possible use of CHI3L1 as a diagnostic factor and therapeutic target.
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Gaur N, Perner C, Witte OW, Grosskreutz J. The Chitinases as Biomarkers for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Signals From the CNS and Beyond. Front Neurol 2020; 11:377. [PMID: 32536900 PMCID: PMC7267218 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative condition, most widely characterized by the selective vulnerability of motor neurons and the poor life expectancy of afflicted patients. Limited disease-modifying therapies currently exist, which only further attests to the substantial heterogeneity associated with this disease. In addition to established prognostic factors like genetic background, site of onset, and age at onset, wide consensus on the role of neuroinflammation as a disease exacerbator and driver has been established. In lieu of this, the emerging literature on chitinases in ALS is particularly intriguing. Individual groups have reported substantially elevated chitotriosidase (CHIT1), chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1), and chitinase-3-like-2 (CHI3L2) levels in the cerebrospinal, motor cortex, and spinal cord of ALS patients with multiple—and often conflicting—lines of evidence hinting at possible links to disease severity and progression. This mini-review, while not exhaustive, will aim to discuss current evidence on the involvement of key chitinases in ALS within the wider framework of other neurodegenerative conditions. Implications for understanding disease etiology, developing immunomodulatory therapies and biomarkers, and other translational opportunities will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayana Gaur
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Caroline Perner
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Otto W Witte
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Healthy Ageing, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Julian Grosskreutz
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Healthy Ageing, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Vu L, An J, Kovalik T, Gendron T, Petrucelli L, Bowser R. Cross-sectional and longitudinal measures of chitinase proteins in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and expression of CHI3L1 in activated astrocytes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:350-358. [PMID: 31937582 PMCID: PMC7147184 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-321916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex disease with numerous pathological mechanisms resulting in a heterogeneous patient population. Using biomarkers for particular disease mechanisms may enrich a homogeneous subset of patients. In this study, we quantified chitotriosidase (Chit-1) and chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), markers of glial activation, in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma and determined the cell types that express CHI3L1 in ALS. METHODS Immunoassays were used to quantify Chit-1, CHI3L1 and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain levels in longitudinal CSF and matching plasma samples from 118 patients with ALS, 17 disease controls (DCs), and 24 healthy controls (HCs). Immunostaining was performed to identify and quantify CHI3L1-positive cells in tissue sections from ALS, DCs and non-neurological DCs. RESULTS CSF Chit-1 exhibited increased levels in ALS as compared with DCs and HCs. CSF CHI3L1 levels were increased in ALS and DCs compared with HCs. No quantitative differences were noted in plasma for either chitinase. Patients with ALS with fast-progressing disease exhibited higher levels of CSF Chit-1 and CHI3L1 than patients with slow-progressing disease. Increased numbers of CHI3L1-positive cells were observed in postmortem ALS motor cortex as compared with controls, and these cells were identified as a subset of activated astrocytes located predominately in the white matter of the motor cortex and the spinal cord. CONCLUSIONS CSF Chit-1 and CHI3L1 are significantly increased in ALS, and CSF Chit-1 and CHI3L1 levels correlate to the rate of disease progression. CHI3L1 is expressed by a subset of activated astrocytes predominately located in white matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Vu
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Jiyan An
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Tina Kovalik
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Tania Gendron
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Robert Bowser
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA .,Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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Forcella M, Lau P, Oldani M, Melchioretto P, Bogni A, Gribaldo L, Fusi P, Urani C. Neuronal specific and non-specific responses to cadmium possibly involved in neurodegeneration: A toxicogenomics study in a human neuronal cell model. Neurotoxicology 2020; 76:162-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Sex difference in CHI3L1 expression levels in human brain aging and in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Res 2019; 1720:146305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Li L, Tian E, Chen X, Chao J, Klein J, Qu Q, Sun G, Sun G, Huang Y, Warden CD, Ye P, Feng L, Li X, Cui Q, Sultan A, Douvaras P, Fossati V, Sanjana NE, Riggs AD, Shi Y. GFAP Mutations in Astrocytes Impair Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Proliferation and Myelination in an hiPSC Model of Alexander Disease. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 23:239-251.e6. [PMID: 30075130 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Alexander disease (AxD) is a leukodystrophy that primarily affects astrocytes and is caused by mutations in the astrocytic filament gene GFAP. While astrocytes are thought to have important roles in controlling myelination, AxD animal models do not recapitulate critical myelination phenotypes and it is therefore not clear how AxD astrocytes contribute to leukodystrophy. Here, we show that AxD patient iPSC-derived astrocytes recapitulate key features of AxD pathology such as GFAP aggregation. Moreover, AxD astrocytes inhibit proliferation of human iPSC-derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) in co-culture and reduce their myelination potential. CRISPR/Cas9-based correction of GFAP mutations reversed these phenotypes. Transcriptomic analyses of AxD astrocytes and postmortem brains identified CHI3L1 as a key mediator of AxD astrocyte-induced inhibition of OPC activity. Thus, this iPSC-based model of AxD not only recapitulates patient phenotypes not observed in animal models, but also reveals mechanisms underlying disease pathology and provides a platform for assessing therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - E Tian
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xianwei Chen
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jianfei Chao
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jeremy Klein
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Qiuhao Qu
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Guihua Sun
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yanzhou Huang
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Charles D Warden
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Peng Ye
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lizhao Feng
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xinqiang Li
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Qi Cui
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Abdullah Sultan
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Panagiotis Douvaras
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Valentina Fossati
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Neville E Sanjana
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Arthur D Riggs
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Division of Stem Cell Biology Research, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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Yeo IJ, Lee CK, Han SB, Yun J, Hong JT. Roles of chitinase 3-like 1 in the development of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 203:107394. [PMID: 31356910 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) is a secreted glycoprotein that mediates inflammation, macrophage polarization, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. The expression of CHI3L1 is strongly increased by various inflammatory and immunological conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and several cancers. However, its physiological and pathophysiological roles in the development of cancer and neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases remain unclear. Several studies have reported that CHI3L1 promotes cancer proliferation, inflammatory cytokine production, and microglial activation, and that multiple receptors, such as advanced glycation end product, syndecan-1/αVβ3, and IL-13Rα2, are involved. In addition, the pro-inflammatory action of CHI3L1 may be mediated via the protein kinase B and phosphoinositide-3 signaling pathways and responses to various pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and interferon-γ. Therefore, CHI3L1 could contribute to a vast array of inflammatory diseases. In this article, we review recent findings regarding the roles of CHI3L1 and suggest therapeutic approaches targeting CHI3L1 in the development of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Jun Yeo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Kil Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesuk Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea.
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Baldacci F, Lista S, Palermo G, Giorgi FS, Vergallo A, Hampel H. The neuroinflammatory biomarker YKL-40 for neurodegenerative diseases: advances in development. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 16:593-600. [PMID: 31195846 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1628643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Neuroinflammation is a common pathophysiological mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases (ND). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) YKL-40 has recently been candidated as a neuroinflammatory biomarker of ND. Areas covered: We provide an update on the role of CSF YKL-40 as a pathophysiological biomarker of ND. YKL-40 may discriminate Alzheimer's disease (AD) from controls and may predict the progression from the early preclinical to the late dementia stage. In genetic AD, YKL-40 increases decades before the clinical onset. It does not seem a specific biomarker of a certain ND although sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease shows the highest YKL-40 concentrations. YKL-40 may discriminate between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and ALS-mimics. YKL-40 is potentially associated with the rate of ALS progression. YKL-40 correlates with biomarkers of neuronal injury, large axonal damage and synaptic disruption in various ND. It is not associated with the presence of the APOE-ε4 allele whereas possibly linked to aging, female sex, Hispanic ethnicity and some genetic variants of the chitinase-3-like 1 locus. Expert opinion: There is growing evidence expanding the relevance of CSF YKL-40 as a pathophysiological biomarker for ND. Patients showing high YKL-40 levels might benefit from targeted clinical trials that use compounds acting against neuroinflammatory mechanisms, independently of the initial clinical diagnosis of ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Baldacci
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy.,b Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard de l'hôpital , F-75013, Paris , France.,c Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital , F-75013, Paris , France.,d Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP , Boulevard de l'hôpital , F-75013, Paris , France
| | - Simone Lista
- b Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard de l'hôpital , F-75013, Paris , France.,c Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital , F-75013, Paris , France.,d Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP , Boulevard de l'hôpital , F-75013, Paris , France
| | - Giovanni Palermo
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Filippo Sean Giorgi
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Andrea Vergallo
- b Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard de l'hôpital , F-75013, Paris , France.,c Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Boulevard de l'hôpital , F-75013, Paris , France.,d Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP , Boulevard de l'hôpital , F-75013, Paris , France
| | - Harald Hampel
- b Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Boulevard de l'hôpital , F-75013, Paris , France
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Feltrin AS, Tahira AC, Simões SN, Brentani H, Martins DC. Assessment of complementarity of WGCNA and NERI results for identification of modules associated to schizophrenia spectrum disorders. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210431. [PMID: 30645614 PMCID: PMC6333352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders involve both changes in multiple genes as well different types of variations. As such, gene co-expression networks allowed the comparison of different stages and parts of the brain contributing to an integrated view of genetic variation. Two methods based on co-expression networks presents appealing results: Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) and Network-Medicine Relative Importance (NERI). By selecting two different gene expression databases related to schizophrenia, we evaluated the biological modules selected by both WGCNA and NERI along these databases as well combining both WGCNA and NERI results (WGCNA-NERI). Also we conducted a enrichment analysis for the identification of partial biological function of each result (as well a replication analysis). To appraise the accuracy of whether both algorithms (as well our approach, WGCNA-NERI) were pointing to genes related to schizophrenia and its complex genetic architecture we conducted the MSET analysis, based on a reference gene list of schizophrenia database (SZDB) related to DNA Methylation, Exome, GWAS as well as copy number variation mutation studies. The WGCNA results were more associated with inflammatory pathways and immune system response; NERI obtained genes related with cellular regulation, embryological pathways e cellular growth factors. Only NERI were able to provide a statistical meaningful results to the MSET analysis (for Methylation and de novo mutations data). However, combining WGCNA and NERI provided a much more larger overlap in these two categories and additionally on Transcriptome database. Our study suggests that using both methods in combination is better for establishing a group of modules and pathways related to a complex disease than using each method individually. NERI is available at: https://bitbucket.org/sergionery/neri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Sant’Anna Feltrin
- Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail: (ASF); (DCMJ)
| | - Ana Carolina Tahira
- LIM23, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Nery Simões
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Espírito Santo, Serra, ES, Brazil
| | - Helena Brentani
- LIM23, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - David Corrêa Martins
- Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail: (ASF); (DCMJ)
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Bereman MS, Beri J, Enders JR, Nash T. Machine Learning Reveals Protein Signatures in CSF and Plasma Fluids of Clinical Value for ALS. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16334. [PMID: 30397248 PMCID: PMC6218542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We use shotgun proteomics to identify biomarkers of diagnostic and prognostic value in individuals diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Matched cerebrospinal and plasma fluids were subjected to abundant protein depletion and analyzed by nano-flow liquid chromatography high resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Label free quantitation was used to identify differential proteins between individuals with ALS (n = 33) and healthy controls (n = 30) in both fluids. In CSF, 118 (p-value < 0.05) and 27 proteins (q-value < 0.05) were identified as significantly altered between ALS and controls. In plasma, 20 (p-value < 0.05) and 0 (q-value < 0.05) proteins were identified as significantly altered between ALS and controls. Proteins involved in complement activation, acute phase response and retinoid signaling pathways were significantly enriched in the CSF from ALS patients. Subsequently various machine learning methods were evaluated for disease classification using a repeated Monte Carlo cross-validation approach. A linear discriminant analysis model achieved a median area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.94 with an interquartile range of 0.88–1.0. Three proteins composed a prognostic model (p = 5e-4) that explained 49% of the variation in the ALS-FRS scores. Finally we investigated the specificity of two promising proteins from our discovery data set, chitinase-3 like 1 protein and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, using targeted proteomics in a separate set of CSF samples derived from individuals diagnosed with ALS (n = 11) and other neurological diseases (n = 15). These results demonstrate the potential of a panel of targeted proteins for objective measurements of clinical value in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Bereman
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA. .,Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
| | - Joshua Beri
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Enders
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Tara Nash
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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Steinacker P, Barschke P, Otto M. Biomarkers for diseases with TDP-43 pathology. Mol Cell Neurosci 2018; 97:43-59. [PMID: 30399416 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery that aggregated transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) is the major component of pathological ubiquitinated inclusions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) caused seminal progress in the unveiling of the genetic bases and molecular characteristics of these now so-called TDP-43 proteinopathies. Substantial increase in the knowledge of clinic-pathological coherencies, especially for FTLD variants, could be made in the last decade, but also revealed a considerable complexity of TDP-43 pathology and often a poor correlation of clinical and molecular disease characteristics. To date, an underlying TDP-43 pathology can be predicted only for patients with mutations in the genes C9orf72 and GRN, but is dependent on neuropathological verification in patients without family history, which represent the majority of cases. As etiology-specific therapies for neurodegenerative proteinopathies are emerging, methods to forecast TDP-43 pathology at patients' lifetime are highly required. Here, we review the current status of research pursued to identify specific indicators to predict or exclude TDP-43 pathology in the ALS-FTLD spectrum disorders and findings on candidates for prognosis and monitoring of disease progression in TDP-43 proteinopathies with a focus on TDP-43 with its pathological forms, neurochemical and imaging biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peggy Barschke
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
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Andrés-Benito P, Domínguez R, Colomina MJ, Llorens F, Povedano M, Ferrer I. YKL40 in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: cerebrospinal fluid levels as a prognosis marker of disease progression. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 10:2367-2382. [PMID: 30215603 PMCID: PMC6188478 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has variable clinical course and fatal outcome. Since inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of ALS, chitinase-3-like protein 1 or YKL40 has been assessed as putative biomarker of disease progression. YKL40 mRNA levels are increased in anterior horn of the spinal cord (P=0.004) in sporadic ALS (sALS) cases when compared with age-matched controls. These correlate with increased mRNA expression of microglial markers AIF1 and CD68 in the spinal cord in sALS (P=0.044 and P=0.000, respectively). YKL40 mRNA and protein expression had a tendency to increase in post-mortem frontal cortex area 8 (P=0.06 and P=0.08, respectively). Yet YKL40 immunoreactivity is restricted to a subpopulation of astrocytes in these regions. YKL40 protein levels, as revealed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), are significantly increased in the CSF in sALS (n=86) compared with age-matched controls (n=21) (P=0.045). Higher levels are found in patients with fast progression when compared with patients with slow and normal progression (P=0.008 and P=0.004, respectively), and correlates with ALS-FRS-R slope (P=0.000). Additionally, increased protein levels of neurofilament light chain (NF-L) are also found in sALS (P=0.000); highest values are found in patients with fast progression when compared with cases with slow and normal progression (P=0.005 and P=0.000, respectively), and also correlate with ALS-FRS-R slope (P=0.000). Pearson's correlation test linked positively the increased levels of YKL40 with increased NF-L levels (P=0.013). These data point to YKL40 and NF-L protein levels in the CSF as a good biomarker combination of disease progression in sALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Andrés-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J Colomina
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Bellvitge University Hospital - University of Barcelona L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Franc Llorens
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Povedano
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Neuropathology, Pathologic Anatomy Service, Bellvitge University Hospital, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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50
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Choi JY, Yeo IJ, Kim KC, Choi WR, Jung JK, Han SB, Hong JT. K284-6111 prevents the amyloid beta-induced neuroinflammation and impairment of recognition memory through inhibition of NF-κB-mediated CHI3L1 expression. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:224. [PMID: 30098604 PMCID: PMC6087013 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1269-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease, which is pathologically characterized by an excessive accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) fibrils, is a degenerative brain disease and the most common cause of dementia. In a previous study, it was reported that an increased level of CHI3L1 in plasma was found in AD patients. We investigated the inhibitory effect of 2-({3-[2-(1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethyl]-6,7-dimethoxy-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2-quinazolinyl}sulfanyl)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)butanamide (K284-6111), an inhibitor of chitinase 3 like 1 (CHI3L1), on memory impairment in Aβ1-42-infused mice, and microglial BV-2 cells and astrocytes. METHODS We examined whether K284-6111 (3 mg/kg given orally for 4 weeks) prevents amyloidogenesis and memory loss in Aβ1-42-induced AD mice model. After intracerebroventrical (ICV) infusion of Aβ1-42 for 14 days, the cognitive function was assessed by the Morris water maze test and passive avoidance test. K284-6111 treatment was found to reduce Aβ1-42-induced memory loss. RESULTS A memory recovery effect was found to be associated with the reduction of Aβ1-42-induced expression of inflammatory proteins (iNOS, COX-2, GFAP, and Iba-1) and the suppression of CHI3L1 expression in the brain. Additionally, K284-6111 reduced Aβ1-42-induced β-secretase activity and Aβ generation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced (1 μg/mL) expression of inflammatory (COX-2, iNOS, GFAP, Iba-1) and amyloidogenic proteins (APP, BACE1) were decreased in microglial BV-2 cells and cultured astrocytes by the K284-6111 treatment (0.5, 1, and 2 μM). Moreover, K284-6111 treatment suppressed p50 and p65 translocation into the nucleus, and phosphorylation of IκB in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION These results suggest that CHI3L1 inhibitor could be an applicable intervention drug in amyloidogenesis and neuroinflammation, thereby preventing memory dysfunction via inhibition of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - In Jun Yeo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Cheon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Rack Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160 Republic of Korea
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