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Zhu J, Lian J, Deng H, Luo J, Chen T, Sun J, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Liu P, Xi Q. Effects of Spinach Extract and Licorice Extract on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:321. [PMID: 38275780 PMCID: PMC10812756 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Anemia and weaning stress are important factors affecting piglet growth performance. Spinach extract and licorice extract have been used to improve anemia and antioxidant capacity, respectively. However, whether they have synergistic effects has not been reported. To evaluate the effects of mixed spinach extract and licorice extract on growth performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in weaned piglets, a total of 160 weaned piglets were randomly allotted to four treatments with four replications of 10 piglets each. The four treatments were as follows: control (CON) group (basal diet), spinach extract (SE) group (basal diet + 1.5 kg/t spinach extract), licorice extract (LE) group (basal diet + 400 g/t licorice extract), and spinach extract and licorice extract (MIX) group (basal diet + 1.5 kg/t spinach extract + 400 g/t licorice extract). The results showed that, compared with the CON group, diets supplemented with spinach extract and licorice extract significantly increased the average daily gain (p < 0.05), while considerably reducing the feed-to-gain ratio (p < 0.05). Moreover, the MIX group exhibited a significant up-regulation of serum total protein, globulin, albumin, glucose, and triglyceride levels in comparison to the CON group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, both the anemia and antioxidant capacity of piglets were effectively improved. Notably, the MIX group achieved even better results than the individual supplementation in terms of enhancing growth performance, which could potentially be attributed to the increased abundance of the Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group. These results demonstrated that the supplementation of diets with spinach extract and licorice extract improves the absorption of nutrients from the diet and antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (J.L.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jincong Lian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (J.L.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Haibin Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (J.L.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Junyi Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (J.L.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (J.L.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jiajie Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (J.L.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (J.L.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yongan Yang
- Elionnature Biotechnology Co., Ltd., No.16 Hengtong Road, Nanjing 210038, China;
| | - Pingxiang Liu
- Guangdong Drive Bio-Tech Group Co., Ltd., No.9, Dengtang Industrial Zone, Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Z.); (J.L.); (H.D.); (J.L.); (T.C.); (J.S.); (Y.Z.)
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Hao L, Wang C, Wang H, Zhou M, Wang Y, Hu H. Dietary of different forms of Humulus scandens on growth performance and intestinal bacterial communities in piglets. Transl Anim Sci 2023; 8:txad139. [PMID: 38221957 PMCID: PMC10782920 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed at elucidating the effects of feeding different forms of Humulus scandens (Hu) on performance and bacterial communities in piglets. A total of 160 piglets were divided into four groups: (1) a control (CG, basal diet); (2) a basal diet with Hu pulp (HS), basal diet + Hu pulp; (3) a basal diet with Hu juice (HSJ), basal diet + Hu juice; and (4) a basal diet with Hu residue (HSR), basal diet + Hu residue. Results showed that HS, HSJ, and HSR supplementation led to rich average daily gain (ADG) and poor feed conversion ratio (FCR) during 28 to 70 d of age, increased 120 d body weight (BW), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and ADG and decreased FCR during 71 to 120 d of age. Three experiment groups presented greater (P < 0.05) IgA, IgG, and IgM and lower (P < 0.05) glucose, and blood urea nitrogen. The content of diamine oxidase significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in HS group. The crude protein and crude fiber digestibility were improved (P < 0.05) in HS group and the Ca digestibility was increased (P < 0.05) in HS and HSJ groups. HSR supplementation improved the abundance of Firmicutes and decreased the abundance of Bacteroidetes. Hu supplementation with different forms increased the proportion of Lactobacillus in cecum content. These results indicated that supplemental feeding of Hu with different forms improved serum immunity, nutrient digestibility, and bacterial communities in piglets, promoting growth and development, which may be regarded as a reference for developing novel feed resources for piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Hao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Huaizhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Business Environment Promotion Department, Jinan Enterprise Service Center, Central, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Environmental Protection Equipment Department, Jinan Department of Husbandry Extension, Changqing, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Hongmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250000, China
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Pandey S, Kim ES, Cho JH, Song M, Doo H, Kim S, Keum GB, Kwak J, Ryu S, Choi Y, Kang J, Choe J, Kim HB. Cutting-edge knowledge on the roles of phytobiotics and their proposed modes of action in swine. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1265689. [PMID: 37808106 PMCID: PMC10552858 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1265689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
With the ban on antibiotics in the swine industry, the exploration of alternative options has highlighted phytobiotics as a promising substitute for antibiotic growth promoters, aiming to foster a more sustainable swine industry. Phytobiotics are non-nutritive natural bioactive components derived from plants that offer numerous health benefits. They exhibit antioxidative, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects. Phytobiotics can be utilized in various forms, including solid, dried, ground, or as extracts, either in crude or concentrated form. They are characterized by low residual levels, a lack of resistance development, and minimal adverse effects. These qualities make phytobiotics an attractive choice for enhancing health and productivity in swine, presenting them as a viable alternative to antibiotics. While there is a general understanding of the effects of phytobiotics, there is still a need for detailed information regarding their effectiveness and mechanisms of action in practical settings. Therefore, the purpose of this mini review was to summarize the current knowledge supporting the roles of phytobiotics and their proposed modes of action, with a specific focus on swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriniwas Pandey
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sol Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Cho
- Division of Food and Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Song
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunok Doo
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheena Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Beom Keum
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinok Kwak
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Ryu
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Choi
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoun Kang
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehwan Choe
- Major of Beef Science, Department of Livestock, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun Bum Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Meng WS, Zou Q, Xiao Y, Ma W, Zhang J, Wang T, Li D. Growth performance and cecal microbiota of broiler chicks as affected by drinking water disinfection and/or herbal extract blend supplementation. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102707. [PMID: 37216884 PMCID: PMC10209021 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental exposures during early life are important for animals' intestinal microbiota composition and their production performance. This experiment investigated the growth performance, hematology parameters, jejunal morphology, and cecal microbiota of broiler chicks as affected by exogenous factors from the aspects of drinking water quality and dietary manipulation. A total of 480-day-old broiler chicks (Arbor acre; 41.59 ± 0.88 g) were randomly assigned into 4 groups (CON, HWGM, CA, CAHWGM). Each group had 6 replicates with 20 birds per replicate. Broiler chicks in CON group were fed with basal diet and drank normal drinking water; in HWGM group were fed with basal diet supplemented with 1.5g/kg herbal extract blend (hops, grape seed, and wheat germ) and drank normal drinking water; in CA group were fed with basal diet and drank sodium dichlorocyanurate (50 mg/L) treated-drinking water; in CAHWGM group were fed with basal diet supplemented with 1.5 g/kg herbal extract blend and drank chlorinated drinking water. The experimental period was 42 d. We found that broiler chicks drank chlorinated drinking water led to an increase in body weight gain and feed efficiency during d 22 to 42 and 1 to 42, as well as a decrease in cecal Dysgonomonas and Providencia abundance. Dietary supplementation of herbal extract blend increased cecal Lactobacillus and Enterococcus abundance, whereas decreased Dysgonomonas abundance. Moreover, we observed that cecal Dysgonomonas abundance synergistically decreased by treating drinking water with sodium dichlorocyanurate and supplementing herbal extract blend to the diet. Therefore, results obtained in this study indicated that providing chlorinated drinking water is an effective strategy to improve the growth performance of broiler chicks by regulating intestinal microbiota. Additionally, dietary supplementation of herbal extract blend alone or combined with chlorinated drinking water is able to regulate cecal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shuang Meng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Qiangqiang Zou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Yingying Xiao
- Liaoning Kaiwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Wei Ma
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Tieliang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Liaoning Kaiwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Desheng Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Jinzhou Zhongke Gene Detection Service Co., Ltd., Jinzhou 121219, China.
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Long X, Lu Y, Guo H, Tang Y. Recent Advances in Solid Residues Resource Utilization in Traditional Chinese Medicine. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Long
- Shaanxi Qinling Chinese Herbal Medicine Application Development Engineering Technology Research Center Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712046 China
| | - Ying‐Lei Lu
- Shaanxi Qinling Chinese Herbal Medicine Application Development Engineering Technology Research Center Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712046 China
| | - Hui Guo
- Shaanxi Qinling Chinese Herbal Medicine Application Development Engineering Technology Research Center Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712046 China
| | - Yu‐Ping Tang
- Shaanxi Qinling Chinese Herbal Medicine Application Development Engineering Technology Research Center Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang 712046 China
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Pearls before Swine: Plant-Derived Wastes to Produce Low-Cholesterol Meat from Farmed Pigs-A Bibliometric Analysis Combined to Meta-Analytic Studies. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030571. [PMID: 36766100 PMCID: PMC9914002 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to environmental and human factors, there is a growing amount of agri-food waste worldwide. The European Commission is incentivizing a zero-waste policy by 2025, pushing to find a "second life" for at least the avoidable ones. In this review, after summarizing the nutritional values of pork and the importance of its inclusion in human diet, a phylogenetic analysis was conducted to investigate potential differences in the structure and activity of HMGCR, which is a key enzyme in cholesterol metabolism. In addition, a bibliometric analysis combined with visual and meta-analytical studies on 1047 scientific articles was conducted to understand whether the inclusion of agro-food waste could affect the growth performance of pigs and reduce cholesterol levels in pork. Although some critical issues were highlighted, the overall data suggest a modern and positive interest in the reuse of agri-food waste as swine feed. However, although interesting and promising results have been reported in several experimental trials, further investigation is needed, since animal health and meat quality are often given marginal consideration.
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Sun H, Qian Z, Wu Y, Tang J, Shen Q, Li J, Yao X, Wang X. Effects of fermented broccoli stem and leaf residue on growth performance, serum characteristics and meat quality of growing pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023. [PMID: 36591812 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fermented broccoli stem and leaf residue (FBR) on the growth performance, serum biochemical characteristics, and meat quality of growing pigs. A total of 72 growing pigs (Durox × Landrace × Yorkshire) were subjected to three dietary treatments with different levels (0%, 5% and 10%) of FBR with three replicates for an experimental period of 70 day. The average daily feed intake of growing pigs was higher (p < 0.05) in the 5% FBR treatment compared with the control group (0% FBR). The serum urea nitrogen content in growing pigs was lower (p < 0.05) in the 5% and 10% FBR treatments. The lightness value was higher (p < 0.05) in the longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs fed 5% and 10% FBR diets compared with the control group, and the yellowness value was increased in pigs fed the 10% FBR diet compared with pigs fed the control diet. Overall, the beneficial effects of FBR supplementation on serum biochemical parameters, and meat colour without undermining the growth performance indicate that up to 10% FBR could be used in diets to enhance the production of growing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhongcang Qian
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linhai, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiangwu Tang
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qi Shen
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linhai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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Fu G, Zhou Y, Song Y, Liu C, Hu M, Xie Q, Wang J, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Chen S, Hu J, Sun Y. The effect of combined dietary supplementation of herbal additives on carcass traits, meat quality, immunity and cecal microbiota composition in Hungarian white geese. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15316. [PMID: 37180579 PMCID: PMC10174065 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with herbal additives on meat quality, slaughter performance and the cecal microbial community in Hungarian white geese. A total of 60 newborn geese were assigned equally into the control group (CON) and the herbal complex supplemented group (HS). The dietary supplementations consisted of Compound Herbal Additive A (CHAA) including Pulsatilla, Gentian and Rhizoma coptidis, and Compound Herbal Additive B (CHAB) containing Codonopsis pilosula, Atractylodes, Poria cocos and Licorice. The geese in the HS group received a basal diet supplemented with 0.2% CHAA from day 0 to day 42 at the postnatal stage. Then from day 43 to day 70, the geese in HS group were provide a basal diet with 0.15% CHAB. The geese in the CON group were only provided with the basal diet. The results showed that the slaughter rate (SR), half chamber rates (HCR), eviscerated rate (ER) and breast muscle rate (BMR) in the HS group tended to increase slightly compared with the CON group (ns). In addition, the shear force, filtration rate and pH value of breast muscle and thigh muscle in the HS group were slightly enhanced compared to the CON group (ns). Significant increased levels in carbohydrate content, fat content and energy (P < 0.01) and significant decreased levels in cholesterol content (P < 0.01) were observed in the muscle of the HS group. The total amino acid (Glu, Lys, Thr and Asp) content in the muscle increased in HS group than in the CON group (P < 0.01). Dietary herb supplementations significantly increased the levels of IgG in serum (P < 0.05) on day 43 and higher levels of IgM, IgA and IgG (P < 0.01) were also observed in the HS group on day 70. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing results indicated that herbal additives increased the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibited the proliferation of harmful bacteria in the geese caecum. Altogether, these results offer crucial insights into the potential benefits of incorporating CHAA and CHAB into the diets of Hungarian white goose. The findings indicate that such supplementations could significantly improve meat quality, regulate the immune system and shape the intestinal microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yupu Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Changchun Animal Husbandry Service, Changchun, China
| | - Manjie Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiuyu Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yumeng Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuhao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingtao Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongfeng Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Oanh NC, Thu CTT, Hong NT, Giang NTP, Hornick JL, Dang PK. Growth performance, meat quality, and blood characteristics of finisher crossbred pigs fed diets supplemented with different levels of green tea ( Camellia sinensis) by-products. Vet World 2023; 16:27-34. [PMID: 36855349 PMCID: PMC9967713 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.27-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Dietary supplementation with green tea by-product shows special effects on animal parameters. This study aimed to assess the effects of green tea by-products (GTBP) in the diet on some blood parameters, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs and on meat quality, and nutritional composition of pork. Materials and Methods One hundred and sixty crossbred pigs with an initial body weight of 65.15 ± 0.38 kg, were distributed into four dietary treatments, with four replicates of 10 pigs each. The dietary treatments were a basal diet (control diet, CON), and three experimental diets (GTBP8, GTBP16, and GTBP24) based on the CON diet supplemented with GTBP at 8, 16, and 24 g/kg of feed. The studied parameters were examined during the experimental period of 10 weeks. Results No statistical differences in average daily feed intake, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio were observed between the diet treatments (p > 0.05). Backfat thickness decreased (linear, p < 0.05) according to the GTBP levels but no other carcass parameters. Meat quality was not influenced by the GTBP levels (p > 0.05). However, pigs fed with GTBP had a decrease in cholesterol content and an increase in crude protein and total omega-3 content of pork compared to the CON diet (p < 0.05). Moreover, dietary supplementation with GTBP significantly decreased plasma cholesterol (p < 0.05), and trends for the decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and urea nitrogen were observed (linear, p = 0.08). Conclusion Up to 24 g/kg GTBP in the diet for finishing pigs does not impair animal performance and makes carcass leaner with softer meat as well as positive effects on cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism. Further experiments are needed to determine the optimal levels of GTBP addition in finishing pig diet to produce higher meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Cong Oanh
- Department of Animal Physiology and Behavior, Faculty of Animal Science, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gialam, 131000 Hanoi, Vietnam,Department of Veterinary Management of Animal Resources, FARAH Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Cu Thi Thien Thu
- Department of Animal Physiology and Behavior, Faculty of Animal Science, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gialam, 131000 Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Hong
- Central Lab, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gialam, 131000 Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Phuong Giang
- Department of Animal Physiology and Behavior, Faculty of Animal Science, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gialam, 131000 Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jean-Luc Hornick
- Department of Animal Physiology and Behavior, Faculty of Animal Science, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gialam, 131000 Hanoi, Vietnam,Department of Veterinary Management of Animal Resources, FARAH Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Vallée 2, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Pham Kim Dang
- Department of Animal Physiology and Behavior, Faculty of Animal Science, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gialam, 131000 Hanoi, Vietnam,Corresponding author: Pham Kim Dang, e-mail: Co-authors: NCO: , CTTT: , NTH: , NTPG: , JH:
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Liu S, Wang Q, Ma J, Wang J, Wang H, Liu L, Long S, Piao X. Dietary Forsythia suspensa extracts supplementation improves antioxidant status, anti-inflammatory functions, meat fatty acid deposition, and intestinal microbial community in finishing pigs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:960242. [PMID: 36311660 PMCID: PMC9614228 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.960242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of Forsythia suspensa extracts (FSE) on performance, antioxidant status, inflammatory cytokines, meat quality, meat fatty acid composition, and gut microbial community in finishing pigs. Sixty-four pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire)] with an average initial body weight of 88.68 kg were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments, with eight replicate pens per treatment (four pens were barrows and four pens were gilts), four pigs per pen. The dietary treatments included a corn-soybean meal basal diet (CON) and an FS diet (basal diet + 100 mg/kg FSE; FS). Compared with CON, pigs fed FSE showed enhanced (P < 0.05) saturated fatty acid (SFA)/polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio, reduced (P < 0.05) lightness, and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, as well as tended to increase C20:5n3 content in the longissimus dorsi muscle. Moreover, pigs fed FSE showed decreased (P < 0.05) serum cortisol and tumor nuclear factor-α contents, and increased (P < 0.05) serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase contents compared with CON. These pigs also tended to have increased serum total protein and immunoglobulin G contents, and decreased serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and interleukin-1β contents compared with CON. In the colon, pigs fed FSE had a higher (P < 0.05) relative abundance of Bifidobacteriales at the order level, Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae at the family level, as well as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium at the genus level compared with CON. In conclusion, dietary Forsythia suspensa extract supplementation effectively improved antioxidant status and anti-inflammatory functions, as well as modulated meat fatty acid composition, and gut microbial community in finishing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Tianjin Zhongsheng Feed Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Shenfei Long
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Shenfei Long
| | - Xiangshu Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Xiangshu Piao
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11
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Effects of dietary inclusion of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge leaves on growth performance, gastrointestinal development, digestive function and gut microbial flora of rabbits. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Liu Q, Zhong W, Yang X, Li X, Song Z, Meng Y, Liu H, Guo L, Zhang T. Study on screening of fermentation agents and optimization of the fermentation process for pharyngitis tablet residue. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:981388. [PMID: 36187833 PMCID: PMC9521640 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.981388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to screen an appropriate starter and determine the optimal fermentation process parameters to optimize the fermentation process of nutrient components and bioactive contents in pharyngitis tablet residue. This study included two experiments. In experiment I, single-factor experimental design was used to study the effects of different biological starters (cellulase preparation; Lactobacillus Plantarum and Bacillus subtilis preparation; mixture of cellulase + Lactobacillus Plantarum and Bacillus subtilis) on the nutritional values and bioactive ingredient contents in pharyngitis tablet residue. In experiment II, orthogonal design experiment was adopted to study the effects of initial water content (45, 50, and 55%), fermentation temperature (35, 37, and 40°C), and fermentation time (24, 48, and 72 h) on the changes in nutrient components, biologically activity contents, and toxin contents of the residue after optimal fermentation agent treatment. Cellulase preparation was found to be the optimal starter. The optimal fermentation conditions were: initial water content, 55%; fermentation temperature, 37°C; and fermentation time, 72 h. The contents of aflatoxin B1 and vomit toxin were in line with Chinese feed hygiene production standards. The fermentation quality of pharyngitis tablet residue can be improved by using the optimal starter and fermentation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhong
| | - Xue Yang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaocheng Li
- Jilin Dabei Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co. Ltd., Changchun, China
| | - Zhuang Song
- Jilin Dabei Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co. Ltd., Changchun, China
| | - Ying Meng
- Jilin Dabei Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co. Ltd., Changchun, China
| | - Hanlu Liu
- Agricultural College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Li Guo
- Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
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Hao L, Wang C, Wang H, Wang J, Wang Y, Hu H. Effects of Supplementing with
Humulus Scandens
on the Growth Performance and Gut Microbiota in Piglets. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:3546-3557. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.15789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Hao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi‐omics of MARA Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding P. R. China
- Jinan department of husbandry extension, No.2701, ping'an south Road, Changqing District Jinan City, Shandong province, 250300 China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi‐omics of MARA Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding P. R. China
- Jinan department of husbandry extension, No.2701, ping'an south Road, Changqing District Jinan City, Shandong province, 250300 China
| | - Huaizhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi‐omics of MARA Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding P. R. China
- Jinan department of husbandry extension, No.2701, ping'an south Road, Changqing District Jinan City, Shandong province, 250300 China
| | - Jiancai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi‐omics of MARA Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding P. R. China
- Jinan department of husbandry extension, No.2701, ping'an south Road, Changqing District Jinan City, Shandong province, 250300 China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi‐omics of MARA Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding P. R. China
- Jinan department of husbandry extension, No.2701, ping'an south Road, Changqing District Jinan City, Shandong province, 250300 China
| | - Hongmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi‐omics of MARA Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding P. R. China
- Jinan department of husbandry extension, No.2701, ping'an south Road, Changqing District Jinan City, Shandong province, 250300 China
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14
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Effect of fermentation of chosen vegetables on the nutrient, mineral, and biocomponent profile in human and animal nutrition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13422. [PMID: 35927577 PMCID: PMC9352655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17782-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the dry matter, crude ash, crude protein, ether extract, and energy, macro- (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P), micro- (Zn, Cu, Fe) minerals, heavy metals (Pb, Cd), vitamin C, A, carotene, and phenolic content were determined in chosen raw and fermented vegetables. The dietary intake of several macro- and microconstituents per one serving (100 g or humans and animals: ducks and pigs) was calculated. The fermentation process was found to reduce water and increase fat content in the vegetables. Lower levels of vitamin C and phenols were also found in the fermented vegetables. The vitamin A and carotene content in the fermented carrots and peppers were increased in comparison with the raw vegetables. The fermentation process decreased the concentration of some basic nutrients, mineral content, vitamins C and A, and phenols. Broccoli, peppers, and red beet had the highest levels of the analyzed nutrients and bioconstituents. The fermentation process is regarded by nutritionists as beneficial to human health. The addition of fermented plants is recommended in animal nutrition as well. This process modifies the chemical composition of preserved vegetables, e.g. it reduces the concentration of dietary fiber, and brings favorable effects in poultry and pig nutrition.
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15
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Evaluation of a Dietary Grape Extract on Oxidative Status, Intestinal Morphology, Plasma Acute-Phase Proteins and Inflammation Parameters of Weaning Piglets at Various Points of Time. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081428. [PMID: 35892630 PMCID: PMC9394324 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reports of the underlying mechanisms of dietary grape extract (GE) in overcoming weaning challenges in piglets have been partly inconsistent. Furthermore, evaluations of the effects of GE at weaning in comparison to those of widely used therapeutic antibiotics have been scarce. To explore the mode of action of GE in selected tissues and plasma, we evaluated gut morphology, antioxidant and inflammation indices. Accordingly, 180 weaning piglets were allocated to three treatment groups: negative control (NC), NC and antibiotic treatment for the first 5 days of the trial (positive control, PC), and NC and GE (entire trial). The villus surface was positively affected by GE and PC on day 27/28 of the trial in the jejunum and on day 55/56 of the trial in the ileum. In the colon, NC tended (p < 0.10) to increase crypt parameters compared to PC on day 55/56. The PC group tended (p < 0.10) to increase catalase activity in the ileum and decrease Cu/Zn-SOD activity in the jejunum, both compared to NC. There were no additional effects on antioxidant measurements of tissue and plasma, tissue gene expression, or plasma acute-phase proteins. In conclusion, GE supplementation beneficially affected the villus surface of the small intestine. However, these changes were not linked to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of GE.
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16
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Li H, Duan Y, Yin F, Zhu Q, Hu C, Wu L, Xie P, Li F, Cheng R, Kong X. Dietary addition of fermented sorghum distiller's dried grains with soluble improves carcass traits and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:97. [PMID: 35138471 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The fermented sorghum distiller's dried grain with soluble (FS-DDGS) contains numerous nutrients, yet its nutritional effects on growing-finishing pigs remain unclear. The present study evaluated the effects of dietary FS-DDGS addition on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 48 healthy male crossbred (Large White × Landrace × Duroc) barrows with initial body weight (BW) of 39.95 ± 2.15 kg were allocated to one of four dietary treatments (12 pigs per treatment). The dietary treatments were as follows: basal diet without (FS-DDGS0 group) or with 50 g/kg (FS-DDGS50 group), 100 g/kg (FS-DDGS100 group), or 150 g/kg (FS-DDGS150 group) FS-DDGS, respectively. Results showed that there were no significant differences in the final BW, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed to gain ratio among these four groups. However, dietary FS-DDGS addition increased (linear, P < 0.05) the pH24h value, contents of ash, crude protein, and proline in Longissimus dorsi muscle, and alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, serine, and tyrosine in Biceps femoris (BF) muscle, when compared with the control group. In addition, dietary FS-DDGS addition decreased (linear, P < 0.05) the drip loss, yellowness (b*) value, and lightness (L*) value, while quadratically improved (P < 0.05) the total bone percentage and glycine and proline contents in BF muscle compared with the control group. Collectively, these findings suggested that dietary FS-DDGS addition could improve the carcass traits and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs although further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Fugui Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Chengjun Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Lingying Wu
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.
| | - Peifeng Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Runxi Cheng
- Road Biological Technology (Gulin) Co., Ltd, Luzhou, 646509, China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
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17
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Li L, Sun X, Luo J, Chen T, Xi Q, Zhang Y, Sun J. Effects of Herbal Tea Residue on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Muscle Metabolome, and Rumen Microbiota Characteristics in Finishing Steers. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:821293. [PMID: 35116016 PMCID: PMC8804378 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.821293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal tea residue (HTR) contains various medicinal and nutritional components and is a potential high-quality unconventional source of roughage. In this study, a total of 30 healthy Simmental crossbred finishing steers were equally divided into two groups: CN (fed with a basic diet) and RE (HTR partly replaced Pennisetum purpureum). HTR did not alter the growth performance of steers but increased the net meat rate, tenderness, and water-holding capacity and increased the moisture content and oleic acid and linoleic acid concentrations in longissimus dorsi. It altered muscle metabolic pathways and improved rumen fermentation by increasing the propionic acid concentration and propionic acid-to-acetic acid ratio. We studied the steers’ rumen microbial community composition and determined their correlation with the tested parameters. Certain rumen microorganisms were closely associated with muscle glucolipid metabolites and rumen NH3-N and volatile fatty acid levels. Our findings suggest that, as a functional roughage source, HTR improved to a certain extent the meat quality of steers by altering the rumen microbial composition and affecting the rumen fatty acid composition and muscle glucolipid metabolism.
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18
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Oanh N, Huyen N, Dang P, Ton V, Hornick JL. Growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and composition
in pigs fed diets supplemented with medicinal plants ( Bindens
pilosa L., Urena lobata L. and Ramulus cinnamomi) powder. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/143106/2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Yang L, Zeng X, Qiao S. Advances in research on solid-state fermented feed and its utilization: The pioneer of private customization for intestinal microorganisms. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2021; 7:905-916. [PMID: 34632121 PMCID: PMC8482288 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
With sustainable development of biotechnology, increasing attention has been placed on utilization of solid-state fermented feed (SFF). Solid-state fermented feed has been a candidate strategy to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of feed resources, ensure food hygiene safety, promoting energy conservation, and emission reduction. In production of SFF, a variety of organic acids, enzymes, vitamins, peptides, and other unknown growth factors are produced, which could affect performance of animals. Solid-state fermented feed produced by different fermentation techniques has great instability on different physiological stages of different animals, which hinders the application and standardized production of SFF. Herein, we summarize the current advances in the role of the characteristics of SFF prepared by different manufacturing technique and its research progress in animal experiments on growth performance, gastrointestinal ecology, and immune system, so as to provide references for further acquiring a relatively perfect set of SFF production and evaluation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Beijing Biofeed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Beijing Biofeed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Beijing Biofeed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
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20
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Oanh NC, Lam TQ, Tien ND, Hornick JL, Ton VD. Effects of medicinal plants mixture on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, and fecal microbiota in growing pigs. Vet World 2021; 14:1894-1900. [PMID: 34475714 PMCID: PMC8404138 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1894-1900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Alternative natural materials to antibiotics for improving digestive health and growth performance are needed due to strengthening regulations related to the use of antibiotic growth promoters. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of medicinal plants mixture (60% Bidens pilosa L., 15% Urena lobata L., 15% Pseuderanthemum palatiferum, 5% Ramulus cinnamomi, and 5% Star anise) as alternative growth promotors on animal health, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters, and growth performance of growing pigs. Materials and Methods The study was conducted, from April 2020 to June 2020, at a private pig production farm located in Cam Giang district Hai Duong Province, Vietnam. Forty-eight 10-week-old crossbred (♂Duroc×♀ [Landrace×Yorkshire]) pigs, average initial body weight 30.3±1.42 kg, were randomly allocated to four dietary groups, three replicate pens per experimental group, with 4 pigs/pen. For 7 weeks, the pigs were fed a basal diet supplemented with the mixture at levels of 0, 20, 40, and 60 g/kg of feed. Results Final body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio, as well as apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, and gross energy were not significantly influenced by the diets (p>0.05). Inclusion of the plant mixture decreased significantly red blood cell count, blood cholesterol, urea nitrogen, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations (p<0.05) compared with the control diet. No diet effect was observed on fecal Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Clostridium spp., and total bacteria counts. Conclusion The incorporation of the plant mixture into the diet of growing pigs reduced serum cholesterol, LDL, and urea concentrations with no adverse effect on performance and nutrient digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Cong Oanh
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Faculty of Animal Science, Ngo Xuan Quang Street, Trauquy, Gia Lam, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam.,University of Liège, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH Center, Department of Veterinary Management of Animal Resources, Quartier vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 6, B43a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Truong Quang Lam
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Veterinary Biotechnology, Ngo Xuan Quang Street, Trauquy, Gia Lam, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Dinh Tien
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Faculty of Animal Science, Ngo Xuan Quang Street, Trauquy, Gia Lam, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jean-Luc Hornick
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Faculty of Animal Science, Ngo Xuan Quang Street, Trauquy, Gia Lam, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam.,University of Liège, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH Center, Department of Veterinary Management of Animal Resources, Quartier vallée 2, Avenue de Cureghem 6, B43a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Vu Dinh Ton
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Faculty of Animal Science, Ngo Xuan Quang Street, Trauquy, Gia Lam, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
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21
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Cui Y, Lu H, Tian Z, Deng D, Ma X. Current trends of Chinese herbal medicines on meat quality of pigs. A review. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/138775/2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Optimal Replacement of Soybean Meal with Fermented Palm Kernel Meal as Protein Source in a Fish Meal-Soybean Meal-Based Diet of Sex Reversed Red Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082287. [PMID: 34438745 PMCID: PMC8388480 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Replacement effects of soybean meal (SBM) with fermented palm kernel meal (FPKM) as a protein source was investigated in sex-reversed red tilapia. The two-month-old fish were fed fish meal-SBM-based diets with replacement by FPKM at 25% (25FPKM), 50% (50FPKM), 75% (75FPKM) and 100% (100FPKM) for 12 weeks, while an FPKM-free diet (0FPKM) was used as a control. Based on growth performance, feed utilization, digestive enzyme activities, flesh quality, carcass composition, hematological parameters and liver histoarchitecture, the 50% replacement level of SBM by FPKM support this alternative. Findings from the current study support the use of FPKM in aquafeed production, providing a low-cost diet for tilapia farming. Abstract The solid-state fermentation by effective microorganisms (containing photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, yeast and Bacillus sp.) improved the nutritive values of palm kernel meal (PKM). Increased crude protein (20.79%), nitrogen-free extract (40.07%) and gross energy (19.58%) were observed in fermented PKM (FPKM) relative to raw PKM while crude lipid (15.65%), crude fiber (36.45%) and ash (29.54%) were decreased. Replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with FPKM as a protein source was investigated for its effects in sex-reversed red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus). The two-month-old fish (14.85 ± 0.28 g initial weight) were fed fish meal-SBM-based diets with replacement by FPKM at 25% (25FPKM), 50% (50FPKM), 75% (75FPKM) and 100% (100FPKM), while an FPKM-free diet (0FPKM) was used as a control. The five treatments, comprising triplicate cement ponds and forty fish each, were conducted in a recirculating system over 12 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, fish fed the 50FPKM diet were superior in growth performance, while the feed utilization parameters were similar across all five treatments. Physiological adaptation of the protein-digesting (pepsin and trypsin) and lipid-digesting (lipase) enzymes was detected at all protein replacement levels (except for 25FPKM), as well as of the enzyme for cellulose digestion (cellulase), but not of the carbohydrate-digesting enzymes (amylase). Protein synthesis capacity in flesh was improved in fish fed the 50FPKM diet, while the quality of the main flesh proteins, actin and myosin, showed no significant differences across the five treatments. No differences in carcass composition and no negative effects on hematological parameters or liver histoarchitecture at the 50% replacement level of SBM by FPKM also support this alternative. Findings from the current study indicate the low-cost FPKM-containing diet for tilapia in comparison with control diet.
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23
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Yang EJ, Seo YS, Dilawar MA, Mun HS, Park HS, Yang CJ. Physico-chemical attributes, sensory evaluation and oxidative stability of leg meat from broilers supplemented with plant extracts. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 62:730-740. [PMID: 33089237 PMCID: PMC7553836 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.5.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of Mentha arvensis (MA) and Geranium thunbergii (GT) in drinking water on physicochemical attributes, sensory qualities, proximate analysis and oxidative stability of broiler leg meat. One hundred and twenty broiler chicks were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments for 5 weeks. The dietary treatments were 1) control, 2) T1 (0.1% 1 MA:1 GT), 3) T2 (0.1% 1 MA:4 GT), 4) T3 (0.1% 4 MA: 1 GT). The water holding capacity and cooking loss were improved (p < 0.05) in T2 and T3. The flavor, texture and acceptability of leg meat by consumers were significantly increased in T2 relative to the control (p < 0.05). The crude protein content was increased in T3 while the crude fat decreased in T2 (p < 0.05). Moreover, broilers supplemented with plant extracts had the lowest leg meat TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) values after 2 weeks of storage as compared with the control. Total phenolic contents and 1-1-diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity were also better in the T2 group (p < 0.05) compared with the control, whereas 2,2-Azinobis-3 ethytlbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+) remained unaffected. Overall, these results demonstrate that broiler drinking water with the inclusion of plant extract combination can be used to enhance the oxidative stability, shelf life and quality characteristics of broiler leg meat without compromising the growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Yang
- Food Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Naju 58275, Korea
| | - Ye Seul Seo
- Food Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Naju 58275, Korea
| | - Muhammad Ammar Dilawar
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Hong Seok Mun
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | | | - Chul Ju Yang
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
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Chen Z, Xie Y, Luo J, Chen T, Xi Q, Zhang Y, Sun J. Dietary supplementation with Moringa oleifera and mulberry leaf affects pork quality from finishing pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 105:72-79. [PMID: 33021002 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera and Morus alba leaves are nutritious non-traditional feed ingredients containing bioactive substances. This study was to evaluate the potential application of dietary Moringa and Morus leaf powder on the growth traits, carcass characteristics and meat quality of finishing pigs. Moringa did not alter growth performance or carcass characteristics, but it decreased meat b* value, increased MyHCIIa and decreased MyHCIIx mRNA levels, and increased CP and concentrations of Ala, Thr, Ile, Lys and Pro in longissimus thoracis. Morus increased final BW, ADFI and ADG, decreased F/G ratio, improved slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass yield and meat a* value, and decreased shear force, drip loss, MyHCIIx and MyHCIIb mRNA levels, and increased MyHCI and MyHCIIa mRNA levels. Morus also increased CP, Glu, Gly, Ala, Arg, Ile, Phe, Pro, Ser, Tyr and Asp, and C16:1, C18:1n9c, C20:4n6, C18:3n3, C20:3n3, C22:1n9 and n-3 PUFA, but decreased C12:0 and C16:0. In summary, Morus improved the parameters and held great potential as an unconventional feed crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zujing Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueqin Xie
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyi Luo
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Sun
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Engineering & Research Center for Woody Fodder Plants, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Qiu Y, Li K, Zhao X, Liu S, Wang L, Yang X, Jiang Z. Fermented Feed Modulates Meat Quality and Promotes the Growth of Longissimus Thoracis of Late-Finishing Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1682. [PMID: 32957692 PMCID: PMC7552782 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of fermented diet on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and growth of longissimus thoracis (LT) of finishing pigs. A total of 48 finishing pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Large White), male, 126 ± 5-d-old] weighing 98.76 ± 1.27 kg were randomly assigned to two treatments (eight pens per treatment and three pigs per pen) for a 28-d feeding trial, including control diet and fermented diet. Fermented diet significantly increased the loin eye area and lean mass percentage, decreased backfat thickness and improved meat quality of LT by decreasing the shear force and drip loss at 48 h post slaughter and improving meat sensory characteristics compared with control diet. A fermented diet also significantly increased the abundance of insulin, insulin receptor (IR), myoblast determination protein (MyoD) and myosin heavy chain-I (MyHC-I) transcripts, and the phosphorylation levels of AKT, mTORC1, 4EBP1 and S6K1 in LT, while decreasing the expression of muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx) and forkhead Box O1 (Foxo1) mRNA transcripts. Moreover, proteomic analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins predominantly involved in protein synthesis and muscle development were modulated by fermented diet. Our results indicated that a fermented diet improved meat quality and enhanced LT growth of finishing pigs by increasing insulin/AKT/mTORC1 protein synthesis cascade and activating the Foxo1/MAFbx pathway, along with the regulation of ribosomal protein and proteins involved in muscle contraction and muscle hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Qiu
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Kebiao Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xichen Zhao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Shilong Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xuefen Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zongyong Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Q.); (K.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (Z.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Long SF, He TF, Wu D, Yang M, Piao XS. Forsythia suspensa extract enhances performance via the improvement of nutrient digestibility, antioxidant status, anti-inflammatory function, and gut morphology in broilers. Poult Sci 2020; 99:4217-4226. [PMID: 32867965 PMCID: PMC7598019 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment aims to determine the effects of Forsythia suspense extract (FSE) as an antibiotic substitute on performance, antioxidant status, anti-inflammatory function, intestinal morphology, and meat fatty acid deposition in broilers. 192 male Arbor Acre broilers (1-day-old, weighing 45.6 ± 1.3 g) were randomly allocated to 3 treatments, 8 replicate pens per treatment, 8 broilers per pen. The treatments contain a control diet (corn-soybean meal basal diet, CTL), an antibiotic diet (basal diet + 75 mg/kg chlortetracycline, CTC), and an FSE diet (basal diet + 100 mg/kg FSE; FSE). The experiment includes phase 1 (day 1 to 21) and 2 (day 22 to 42). Compared with CTL and CTC, broilers supplemented with FSE showed higher (P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI in phase 2 and overall (day 1 to 42). On day 21, serum catalase and total antioxidant capacity contents were enhanced (P < 0.05) in broilers fed FSE compared with CTL. On day 42, broilers fed FSE showed increased (P < 0.05) serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase contents, and enhanced (P < 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, gross energy, total carbohydrates, and phosphorus, as well as reduced (P < 0.05) nitrogen and phosphorus excretion in feces compared with CTL. These broilers also showed decreased (P < 0.05) n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio in thigh meat, and tumor necrotic factor-alpha, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 contents in the liver on day 42 compared with CTL. The villus height was increased (P < 0.05) in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of broilers fed FSE compared with CTL. In conclusion, dietary F.suspense extract supplementation as a chlortetracycline substitute under non-challenge conditions enhanced performance via the improvement of nutrient digestibility, antioxidant status, anti-inflammatory function, and intestinal morphology in broilers. Moreover, F.suspense extract may also benefit environment by reducing nitrogen and phosphorus excretion and benefit human health via modulating meat fatty acid profiles in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Long
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - T F He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - D Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - M Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - X S Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Saturno JFL, Dilawar MA, Mun HS, Kim DH, Rathnayake D, Yang CJ. Meat Composition, Fatty Acid Profile and Sensory Attributes of Meat from Goats Fed Diet Supplemented with Fermented Saccharina japonica and Dendropanax morbifera. Foods 2020; 9:foods9070937. [PMID: 32679921 PMCID: PMC7404804 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 90-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets supplemented with three concentrations (control or 0%, 0.5% and 1.0%) of fermented Saccharina japonica and Dendropanax morbifera (FSJ-DM) on the meat composition, growth performance, oxidative stability and fatty acid profile of Korean native black goat (KNBG) meat. The feed conversion ratio and body weight gain (1st to 2nd month) were improved significantly (p < 0.05) in response to feed supplemented with 1.0% FSJ-DM. Moisture content was increased, whereas ether extract and cholesterol contents were decreased in meat obtained from goats supplemented with 1.0% FSJ-DM dietary feeds (p < 0.05). In the same diet group, the total saturated fatty acids (ΣSFA) were lower, whereas the sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids (ΣPUFA) was higher, along with higher PUFA/SFA ratio and lower n-6/n-3 ratio (p < 0.05). On an average, the dietary supplementation of 1.0% FSJ-DM reduced the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and pH values of goat meat. Overall, the results of this study suggest that diet supplemented with 1.0% FSJ-DM improves the meat composition, growth performance and fatty acid profile and reduces lipid oxidation of goat meat.
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28
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Lan R, Zhao Z, Li S, An L. Sodium butyrate as an effective feed additive to improve performance, liver function, and meat quality in broilers under hot climatic conditions. Poult Sci 2020; 99:5491-5500. [PMID: 33142467 PMCID: PMC7647702 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary sodium butyrate (SB) supplementation on growth performance, liver function, antioxidant capacity, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in broilers under hot climatic conditions. A total of 288 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments as follow: CON, control diet without SB; T1, control diet with 300 mg/kg SB; T2, control diet with 600 mg/kg SB; and T3, control diet with 1,200 mg/kg SB. Each treatment had 6 replication pens and 12 broilers per pen. The results indicated that the BW on day 35; ADG from day 1 to 21, day 22 to 35, and day 1 to 35; and ADFI from day 22 to 35 linearly (P < 0.05) increased with SB supplementation. Interestingly, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase content in serum were linearly (P < 0.05) decreased by SB supplementation. There was linear (P < 0.05) improvement in activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the liver, whereas the content of malondialdehyde was linearly (P < 0.05) decreased with the inclusion of SB. Increasing SB level linearly (P < 0.05) increased CP composition and decreased drip loss percentage on day 1 and 3 of breast muscle. Furthermore, there was linear (P < 0.05) improvement in activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, whereas the content of malondialdehyde showed decreasing trend (P < 0.10) with the inclusion of SB in breast muscle. In conclusion, SB can be used as an effective feed additive to improve growth performance, liver function, and meat quality of broilers under hot climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Lan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524-088, Guangdong P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524-088, Guangdong P.R. China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524-088, Guangdong P.R. China
| | - Lilong An
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524-088, Guangdong P.R. China.
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Lei XJ, Kim YM, Kim IH. Effects of dried citrus pulp and fermented medicinal plants on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, and meat quality in growing–finishing pigs. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2017-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The present experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dried citrus pulp and fermented medicinal plants in growing–finishing pigs. A total of 96 pigs (62.34 ± 1.96 kg body weight) were randomly allotted into three dietary treatments: (1) control, basal diet (CON); (2) diet containing 10% dried citrus pulp (DCP); (3) diet containing 10% dried citrus pulp supplemented with 0.1% fermented medicinal plants (DCPFMP). From weeks 0 to 5 and 0 to 10, pigs fed the DCPFMP diet had significantly decreased (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake and increased (P < 0.05) gain:feed ratio compared with those fed the CON diet. The apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy was greater (P < 0.05), and serum total cholesterol concentration was decreased (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the DCPFMP diet compared with those fed the DCP diet in week 10. In addition, an increase (P < 0.05) in Longissimus muscle area was observed for pigs fed the DCPFMP diet compared with those fed the CON diet. In conclusion, supplementation with fermented medicinal plants in a diet containing 10% dried citrus pulp improved growth performance and Longissimus muscle area and lowered serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jian Lei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, South Korea
| | - Yong Min Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, South Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, South Korea
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Qiao H, Song Y, Shi H, Bian C. Fermented Astragalus in diet altered the composition of fecal microbiota in broiler chickens. AMB Express 2018; 8:151. [PMID: 30255211 PMCID: PMC6154755 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0682-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition and function of the intestinal microbiota play important roles in digestion and degradation of herbal medicines (HMs). However, few studies have examined the relationship between the fecal microbiota and HMs. In this study the effect of unfermented Astragalus (UA) and fermented Astragalus (FA) on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, and fecal microbiota was evaluated in broiler chickens. In total, 180 one-day-old broiler chickens (Avian breeds) were randomly assigned to a control (C) group fed a basal diet, an unfermented (U) group fed a basal diet containing 0.5% UA, or a fermented (F) group fed a basal diet containing 0.5% FA, for 42 days. The F/G ratio was lower in F and U groups than in C group from 22 to 42 days (P < 0.05). Glutathione superoxide dismutase, antioxidant capacity, and total superoxide dismutase were higher, whereas malondialdehyde was lower in F group than in C and U groups from 1 to 21 days and from 22 to 42 days (P < 0.05). Fecal microbiota were profiled on an Illumina MiSeq platform following PCR amplification of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. At the genus level Lactobacillus was the most abundant genus on day 7 in F group. Importantly, a potentially pathogenic genus, Enterococcus, was less abundant in the U and F groups than in the C group on day 35 (P < 0.05). These results indicate that dietary supplementation with 0.5% FA has beneficial effects on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and fecal microbiota of broiler chickens.
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Addition of herbal extracts to the Holstein-Friesian bulls' diet changes the quality of beef. Meat Sci 2018; 145:163-170. [PMID: 29982069 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Twenty four Holstein-Friesian bulls were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments: a control diet, diet O (supplemented with Optirum herbal extracts improving the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract of cattle), and diet OS (containing two herbal preparation: Optirum and Stresomix, used to reduce stress). The quality of longissimus lumborum (LL) and semimembranosus (SM) muscles were determined after 14 days of wet ageing. The diet influenced proximate composition, pH, water holding capacity, colour, shear force and some sensory quality attributes of beef, although the influence depended on the muscle type. The supplementation of the bulls' diet with two herbal preparations (OS diet) had a beneficial impact on technological properties and sensory tenderness of LL muscles. The herbal extracts O and OS had no negative effect on lipid oxidation or the sensory attributes of beef. Thus, it is recommended to use a combination of these two products in cattle feeding.
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Lei XJ, Yun HM, Kim IH. Effects of dietary supplementation of natural and fermented herbs on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters, meat quality and fatty acid composition in growing-finishing pigs. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2018.1429955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jian Lei
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok Min Yun
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Effects of a traditional Chinese medicine formula supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acid profiles of finishing pigs. Livest Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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