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Sirera G, Videla S, Saludes V, Castellà E, Sanz C, Ariza A, Clotet B, Martró E. Prevalence of HPV-DNA and E6 mRNA in lung cancer of HIV-infected patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13196. [PMID: 35915124 PMCID: PMC9343353 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-infected individuals could be at a greater risk for developing lung cancer than the general population due to the higher prevalence in the former of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the oral cavity and higher smoking rates. Our aim was to assess HPV prevalence and E6 viral oncogene transcription in lung cancer samples from HIV-infected individuals. This was a single-center, retrospective study of a cohort of HIV-1-infected patients diagnosed with and treated for lung cancer. Pathological lung samples archived as smears or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks were subjected to HPV genotyping, detection of human p16 protein and assessment for HPV E6 mRNA expression. Lung cancer samples from 41 patients were studied, including squamous cell carcinoma (32%), adenocarcinoma (34%), non-small cell cancer (27%), and small cell cancer (7%). HPV DNA was detected in 23 out of 41 (56%, 95% CI 41–70%) of samples and high-risk (HR)-HPV types were detected in 16 out of 41 (39%, 95% CI 26–54%), HPV-16 being the most prevalent [13/16 (81.3%, 95% CI 57.0–93%]. In samples with sufficient material left: expression of p16 was detected in 3 out of 10 (30%) of HR-HPV DNA-positive tumors and in 3 out of 7 (43%) of the negative ones; and E6 mRNA was detected in 2 out of 10 (20%) of HPV-16-positive samples (squamous lung cancers). These two patients had a background of a previous HPV-related neoplasia and smoking. HR-HPV DNA detection was prevalent in lung cancers in HIV-infected patients. However, viral oncogene expression was limited to patients with previous HPV-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Sirera
- Fight AIDS Foundation, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Department, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Sebastián Videla
- Fight AIDS Foundation, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain.,Clinical Research Support Unit (HUB-IDIBELL: Bellvitge University Hospital & Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), Clinical Pharmacology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Saludes
- Microbiology Department, Laboratori Clinic Metropolitana Nord, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Castellà
- Department of Pathology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Carolina Sanz
- Department of Pathology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Aurelio Ariza
- Department of Pathology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- Fight AIDS Foundation, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain.,IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Elisa Martró
- Microbiology Department, Laboratori Clinic Metropolitana Nord, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain. .,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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A Rare Case of Plasmablastic Lymphoma in a Patient with HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Infections. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:1537-1543. [PMID: 35323329 PMCID: PMC8947703 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29030129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lesions commonly associated with HIV infection include oral candidiasis, herpes simplex infection, oral Kaposi’s sarcoma, hairy leukoplakia, periodontal diseases (linear gingival erythema and necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis), xerostomia, human papillomavirus-associated warts, aphthous ulcers, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, histoplasmosis, carcinoma, exfoliative cheilitis, and HIV salivary gland disease. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is the most common cancer in people living with HIV (PLWH), and the incidence is increased for aggressive B-cell NHL. Plasmablastic lymphoma (PbL) is a rare and aggressive B-cell malignancy that is often unresponsive to chemotherapy and usually has a poor prognosis. We hereby present the case of a patient with a recent history of COVID-19 infection who was diagnosed with HIV and NHL, with manifestations in the oral cavity and a favorable evolution after the introduction of antiviral therapy, specific chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Dental expertise is necessary for the appropriate management of oral manifestations of HIV infection or AIDS, and lymphoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of any oral lesions.
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Chichetto NE, Polanka BM, So-Armah KA, Sung M, Stewart JC, Koethe JR, Edelman EJ, Tindle HA, Freiberg MS. Contribution of Behavioral Health Factors to Non-AIDS-Related Comorbidities: an Updated Review. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2020; 17:354-372. [PMID: 32314325 PMCID: PMC7363585 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-020-00498-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We summarize recent literature on the contribution of substance use and depression to non-AIDS-related comorbidities. Discussion of recent randomized clinical trials and implementation research to curtail risk attributed to each behavioral health issue is provided. RECENT FINDINGS Smoking, unhealthy alcohol use, opioid use, and depression are common among PWH and individually contribute to increased risk for non-AIDS-related comorbidities. The concurrence of these conditions is notable, yet understudied, and provides opportunity for linked-screening and potential treatment of more than one behavioral health factor. Current results from randomized clinical trials are inconsistent. Investigating interventions to reduce the impact of these behavioral health conditions with a focus on implementation into clinical care is important. Non-AIDS-defining cancers, cardiovascular disease, liver disease, and diabetes are leading causes of morbidity in people with HIV. Behavioral health factors including substance use and mental health issues, often co-occurring, likely contribute to the excess risk of non-AIDS-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie E Chichetto
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Brittanny M Polanka
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kaku A So-Armah
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Minhee Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jesse C Stewart
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - John R Koethe
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - E Jennifer Edelman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hilary A Tindle
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Matthew S Freiberg
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Nashville, TN, USA
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Cañas-Ruano E, Martín-Castillo M, Raventós B, Burgos J, Curran A, Navarro J, García J, Suanzes P, Ribera E, Falcó V. Incidence of malignancy in a Spanish cohort of patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. Med Clin (Barc) 2020; 155:288-294. [PMID: 32005558 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A higher incidence of malignancies has been described in patients with HIV infection compared to the general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS Observational retrospective study in patients with HIV infection followed up at the Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona, Spain) between 2009 and 2017. The objective of this research was to estimate the incidence of malignancies in HIV patients and their surveillance. Age and sex-adjusted incidence was compared to the incidence calculated by the Spanish Cancer Registry network (REDECAN) in 2015. RESULTS We included 2,773 patients (41,238 patients-year). Two hundred and eleven malignancies were diagnosed in 182 patients. Non-AIDS defining cancers accounted for 78.2% of the malignancies. The global incidence of cancer was 485 cases per 100,000 person-years. Twenty-year mortality rate was 31.2% in patients with cancer and 7.8% in patients without cancer. In men, adjusted for age, the incidence of malignancies was higher than the incidence in the general population (978.4 vs. 641 cases per 100,000 person-years, P<.001). The most common malignancies in men were lung cancer, Kaposi sarcoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. In women, the incidence of malignancies was not higher than in the general population (340.6 vs. 404.7 cases per 100,000 person-years, P=.27). The most common malignancies among women were lung cancer, head and neck cancer, cervical cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS Men with HIV infection showed a statistically significant higher incidence of malignancies compared to the general Spanish population. Lung cancer was the most common non-AIDS defining cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Cañas-Ruano
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España.
| | | | | | - Joaquín Burgos
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Adrià Curran
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Jordi Navarro
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Jorge García
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Paula Suanzes
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Esteban Ribera
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - Vicenç Falcó
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, España; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
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García-Abellán J, Del Río L, García JA, Padilla S, Vivancos MJ, Del Romero J, Asensi V, Hernando A, García-Fraile L, Masiá M, Gutiérrez F. Risk of cancer in HIV-infected patients in Spain, 2004-2015. The CoRIS cohort study. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2019; 37:502-508. [PMID: 30679001 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is a leading cause of death in individuals with HIV. METHODS The incidence of cancer in HIV patients of the CoRIS cohort in the 2004-2009 and 2010-2015 periods has been analysed and compared to the incidence in the Spanish general population, estimated from data of the Spanish Cancer Registry Network. RESULTS Between January 2004 and November 2015, 12,239 patients were included in CoRIS and 338 incident cancer cases were diagnosed. The overall incidence of cancer per 100,000 persons-year (95% CI) was 702.39 (629.51-781.42) with no significant differences between the 2periods. A 38% of the incident cancer cases were AIDS defining cancers (ADC) and 62% non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC). In the period 2010-2015, there was a significant decrease in the incidence of ADC (standardised incidence ratio [SIR]); 95% CI: 0.38; 0.21-0.66) and NADC predominated. Compared to the general population, the incidence of cancer was double in men with HIV. Higher relative risks were documented (SIR; 95% CI) for Hodgkin's lymphoma in both sexes (males: 8.37, 5.13-14.17; females: 21.83, 2.66-47.79), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in males (5.30, 2.86-8.45) and cervical cancer (7.43, 3.15-13.87) and head and neck cancer (3.28, 1.21-5.82) in women. CONCLUSIONS The overall incidence of cancer in individuals with HIV is higher than in the Spanish general population, and it has remained stable since 2004 with a current predominance of NADC. These data suggest that additional efforts should be made in the prevention and the early detection of cancer in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier García-Abellán
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario de Elche y Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, España.
| | - Lorena Del Río
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital General Universitario de San Juan de Alicante y Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, España
| | - José A García
- Instituto de Investigación Operativa, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, España
| | - Sergio Padilla
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario de Elche y Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, España
| | - María Jesús Vivancos
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España
| | | | - Víctor Asensi
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, España
| | - Asunción Hernando
- Instituto de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Lucio García-Fraile
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, España
| | - Mar Masiá
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario de Elche y Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, España
| | - Félix Gutiérrez
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario de Elche y Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, España
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Abstract
HIV-infected smokers are at relatively higher risk of cancer than HIV-infected non-smokers. HIV weakens the immune system and renders infected individuals more vulnerable to the carcinogenic effects of smoking. HIV-infected smokers suffer more aggressive forms of cancers than do non-smokers because of the cumulative effects of the virus and cigarette smoke carcinogens. The major types of cancer observed in HIV-infected smokers are lung, head and neck, esophageal, anal, and cervical cancers. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances in cancer outcomes, primarily in terms of cancer incidence, prevalence, and progression in HIV patients who are smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Ranjit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Room 456, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Room 456, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
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