1
|
Hirota K, Hirai Y, Nakajima T, Goto S, Makino K, Terada H. Uniformity and Efficacy of Dry Powders Delivered to the Lungs of a Mycobacterial-Surrogate Rat Model of Tuberculosis. Pharm Res 2021; 39:143-152. [PMID: 34950976 PMCID: PMC8837551 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Pulmonary administration of dry drug powder is a considered promising strategy in the treatment of various lung diseases such as tuberculosis and is more effective than systemic medication. However, in the pre-clinical study phase, there is a lack of devices for effective delivery of dry powders to the lungs of small rodents. In this study, an administration device which utilizes Venturi effect to deliver dry powders to the lungs homogeneously was developed. Methods A Venturi-effect administration device which synchronizes with breathes by use of a ventilator and aerosolizes the dry powders was created. Pulmonary distribution of inhalable dry powders prepared by spray-drying poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and an antituberculosis agent rifampicin and anti-tuberculosis effect of the powders on mycobacteria infected rats by administration with the Venturi-effect administration device and a conventional insufflation device were evaluated. Results Homogeneous distribution of the dry powders in the lung was achieved by the Venturi-effect administration device due to efficient and recurring aerosolization of loaded dry powders while synchronizing with breathes. Amount of rifampicin delivered to the lungs by the Venturi-effect administration device was three times higher than that by a conventional insufflation device, demonstrating three times greater antimycobacterial activity. Conclusions The Venturi-effect administration device aerosolized inhalable antituberculosis dry powders efficiently, achieved uniform pulmonary distribution, and aided the dry powders to exert antituberculosis activity on lung-residing mycobacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Hirota
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan. .,Center for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan. .,Center for Physical Pharmaceutics, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan. .,Formulation Development Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 5-5-1, Ukima, Kita-ku, Tokyo, 115-8543, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Hirai
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takehisa Nakajima
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Satoru Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kimiko Makino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.,Center for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.,Center for Physical Pharmaceutics, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Terada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.,Center for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.,Center for Physical Pharmaceutics, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.,Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1, Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata, 956-8603, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Singh AK, Verma RK, Mukker JK, Yadav AB, Muttil P, Sharma R, Mohan M, Agrawal AK, Gupta A, Dwivedi AK, Gupta P, Gupta UD, Mani U, Chaudhari BP, Murthy RC, Sharma S, Bhadauria S, Singh S, Rath SK, Misra A. Inhalable particles containing isoniazid and rifabutin as adjunct therapy for safe, efficacious and relapse-free cure of experimental animal tuberculosis in one month. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2021; 128:102081. [PMID: 33915379 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2021.102081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the preclinical efficacy and safety/tolerability of biodegradable polymeric particles containing isoniazid (INH) and rifabutin (RFB) dry powder for inhalation (DPI) as an adjunct to oral first-line therapy. Mice and guinea pigs infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (Mtb) were treated with ∼80 and ∼300 μg of the DPI, respectively, for 3-4 weeks starting 3, 10, and 30 days post-infection. Adjunct combination therapy eliminated culturable Mtb from the lungs and spleens of all but one of 52 animals that received the DPI. Relapse-free cure was not achieved in one mouse that received DPI + oral, human-equivalent doses (HED) of four drugs used in the Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course (DOTS), starting 30 days post-infection. Oral doses (20 mg/Kg/day, each) of INH + RFB reduced Mtb burden from ∼106 to ∼103 colony-forming units. Combining half the oral dose with DPI prevented relapse of infection four weeks after stopping the treatment. The DPI was safe in rodents, guinea pigs, and monkeys at 1, 10, and 100 μg/day doses over 90 days. In conclusion, we show the efficacy and safety/tolerability of the DPI as an adjunct to oral chemotherapy in three different animal models of TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Singh
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Rahul K Verma
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Awadh B Yadav
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Pavan Muttil
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Rolee Sharma
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Mradul Mohan
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Atul K Agrawal
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Anuradha Gupta
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Anil K Dwivedi
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Pushpa Gupta
- National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, 282001, India
| | - Umesh D Gupta
- National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, 282001, India
| | - Uthirappan Mani
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | | | - Ramesh C Murthy
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Sharad Sharma
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Sarika Singh
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Amit Misra
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
A Critical Review on the Synthesis of Natural Sodium Alginate Based Composite Materials: An Innovative Biological Polymer for Biomedical Delivery Applications. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium alginate (Na-Alg) is water-soluble, neutral, and linear polysaccharide. It is the derivative of alginic acid which comprises 1,4-β-d-mannuronic (M) and α-l-guluronic (G) acids and has the chemical formula (NaC6H7O6). It shows water-soluble, non-toxic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-immunogenic properties. It had been used for various biomedical applications, among which the most promising are drug delivery, gene delivery, wound dressing, and wound healing. For different biomedical applications, it is used in different forms with the help of new techniques. That is the reason it had been blended with different polymers. In this review article, we present a comprehensive overview of the combinations of sodium alginate with natural and synthetic polymers and their biomedical applications involving delivery systems. All the scientific/technical issues have been addressed, and we have highlighted the recent advancements.
Collapse
|
4
|
Malik A, Gupta M, Mani R, Bhatnagar R. Single-dose Ag85B-ESAT6-loaded poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles confer protective immunity against tuberculosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:3129-3143. [PMID: 31118627 PMCID: PMC6501725 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s172391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, the attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, remains the only available vaccine against tuberculosis (TB). However, its ineffectiveness in adults against pulmonary TB and varied protective efficacy (0-80%) speak to an urgent need for the development of an improved and efficient TB vaccine. In this milieu, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), is a preferential candidate, due to such properties as biocompatibility, targeted delivery, sustained antigen release, and atoxic by-products. METHODS In this study, we formulated PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulating the bivalent H1 antigen, a fusion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) Ag85B and ESAT6 proteins, and investigated its role in immunomodulation and protection against Mtb challenge. Using the classical water-oil-water solvent-evaporation method, H1-NPs were prepared, with encapsulation efficiency of 86.1%±3.2%. These spherical NPs were ~244.4±32.6 nm in diameter, with a negatively charged surface (ζ-potential -4±0.6 mV). RESULTS Under physiological conditions, NPs degraded slowly and the encapsulated H1 antigen was released over a period of weeks. As a proof-of-concept vaccine candidate, H1 NPs were efficiently internalized by the THP-1 human macrophages. Six weeks after a single-dose vaccination, H1 NP-immunized C57BL/6J mice showed significant increase in the production of total serum IgG (P<0.0001) and its isotypes compared to H1 alone, IgG2a being the predominant one, followed by IgG1. Further, the cytokine-release profile of antigen-stimulated splenocyteculture supernatant indicated a strong TH1-biased immunoresponse in H1 NP-vaccinated mice, with ~6.03- and ~2.8-fold increase in IFNγ and TNFα cytokine levels, and ~twofold and 1.6 fold increase in IL4 and IL10 cytokines, respectively, compared to H1 alone-immunized mice. In protection studies, H1 NP-vaccinated mice displayed significant reductions in lung and spleen bacillary load (P<0.05) at 5-week post-Mtb H37Rv challenge and prolonged survival, with a mean survival time of 177 days, compared to H1 alone-vaccinated mice (mean survival time 80 days). CONCLUSION Altogether, our findings highlight the significance of the H1-PLGA nanoformulation in terms of providing long-term protection in mice with a single dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Malik
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India,
| | - Manish Gupta
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India,
| | - Rajesh Mani
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India,
| | - Rakesh Bhatnagar
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ragusa J, Gonzalez D, Li S, Noriega S, Skotak M, Larsen G. Glucosamine/L-lactide copolymers as potential carriers for the development of a sustained rifampicin release system using Mycobacterium smegmatis as a tuberculosis model. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01539. [PMID: 31183418 PMCID: PMC6488545 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims at developing a new, ultrafine particle-based efficient antibiotic delivery system for the treatment of tuberculosis. The carrier material to make the rifampicin (RIF)-loaded particles is a low molecular weight star-shaped polymer produced from glucosamine (core building unit) and L-lactide (GluN-LLA). Particles were made via electrohydrodynamic atomization. Prolonged release (for up to 14 days) of RIF from these particles is reported. Drug release data fits the Korsmeyer-Peppas equation, which suggests the occurrence of a modified diffusion-controlled RIF release mechanism in vitro and is also supported by differential scanning calorimetry and drug leaching tests. Cytotoxicity tests on Mycobacterium smegmatis showed that antibiotic-free GluN-LLA and polylactides (PLA) particles (reference materials) did not show any significant anti-bacterial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values obtained for RIF-loaded particles showed 2- to 4-fold improvements in the anti-bacterial activity relative to the free drug. Cytotoxicity tests on macrophages indicated that cell death correlates with an increase of particle concentration but is not significantly affected by material type or particle size. Confocal microscopy was used to track internalization and localization of particles in the macrophages. The uptake of GluN-LLA particles is higher than those of their PLA counterparts. In addition, after phagocytosis, the GluN-LLA particles stayed in the cytoplasm and showed favorable long-term drug release behavior, which facilitated the killing of intracellular bacteria when compared to free RIF. The present studies suggest that these drug carrier materials are potentially very attractive candidates for the development of high-payload, sustained-release antibiotic/resorbable polymer particle systems for treating bacterial lung infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Ragusa
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, 4701 Innovation Drive, Lincoln, NE, 68521, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0643, USA
| | - Daniela Gonzalez
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, 4701 Innovation Drive, Lincoln, NE, 68521, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0643, USA
| | - Sumin Li
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, 4701 Innovation Drive, Lincoln, NE, 68521, USA
| | - Sandra Noriega
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, 4701 Innovation Drive, Lincoln, NE, 68521, USA
| | - Maciej Skotak
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0643, USA
| | - Gustavo Larsen
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, 4701 Innovation Drive, Lincoln, NE, 68521, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0643, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Amarnath Praphakar R, Sam Ebenezer R, Vignesh S, Shakila H, Rajan M. Versatile pH-Responsive Chitosan-g-Polycaprolactone/Maleic Anhydride–Isoniazid Polymeric Micelle To Improve the Bioavailability of Tuberculosis Multidrugs. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:1931-1943. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Amarnath Praphakar
- Biomaterials in Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India
| | - Rajadas Sam Ebenezer
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India
| | - Sounderrajan Vignesh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India
| | - Harshavardhan Shakila
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India
| | - Mariappan Rajan
- Biomaterials in Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Trousil J, Syrová Z, Dal NJK, Rak D, Konefał R, Pavlova E, Matějková J, Cmarko D, Kubíčková P, Pavliš O, Urbánek T, Sedlák M, Fenaroli F, Raška I, Štěpánek P, Hrubý M. Rifampicin Nanoformulation Enhances Treatment of Tuberculosis in Zebrafish. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1798-1815. [PMID: 30785284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of tuberculosis, is an intracellular pathogen of alveolar macrophages. These cells avidly take up nanoparticles, even without the use of specific targeting ligands, making the use of nanotherapeutics ideal for the treatment of such infections. Methoxy poly(ethylene oxide)- block-poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles of several different polymer blocks' molecular weights and sizes (20-110 nm) were developed and critically compared as carriers for rifampicin, a cornerstone in tuberculosis therapy. The polymeric nanoparticles' uptake, consequent organelle targeting and intracellular degradation were shown to be highly dependent on the nanoparticles' physicochemical properties (the cell uptake half-lives 2.4-21 min, the degradation half-lives 51.6 min-ca. 20 h after the internalization). We show that the nanoparticles are efficiently taken up by macrophages and are able to effectively neutralize the persisting bacilli. Finally, we demonstrate, using a zebrafish model of tuberculosis, that the nanoparticles are well tolerated, have a curative effect, and are significantly more efficient compared to a free form of rifampicin. Hence, these findings demonstrate that this system shows great promise, both in vitro and in vivo, for the treatment of tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Trousil
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Heyrovského náměstí 2 , 162 00 Prague 6 , Czech Republic.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Charles University , Hlavova 8 , 128 43 Prague 2 , Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Syrová
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague , Albertov 4 , 128 00 Prague 2 , Czech Republic
| | - Nils-Jørgen K Dal
- Department of Biosciences , University of Oslo , Blindernveien 31 , 0371 Oslo , Norway
| | - Dmytro Rak
- Institute of Experimental Physics , Slovak Academy of Sciences , Watsonova 47 , 040 01 Košice , Slovakia
| | - Rafał Konefał
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Heyrovského náměstí 2 , 162 00 Prague 6 , Czech Republic
| | - Ewa Pavlova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Heyrovského náměstí 2 , 162 00 Prague 6 , Czech Republic
| | - Jana Matějková
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Second Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and Motol University Hospital , V Úvalu 84 , 150 06 Prague 5 , Czech Republic
| | - Dušan Cmarko
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague , Albertov 4 , 128 00 Prague 2 , Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Kubíčková
- Center of Biological Defense , Military Health Institute, Military Medical Agency , 561 66 Těchonín , Czech Republic
| | - Oto Pavliš
- Center of Biological Defense , Military Health Institute, Military Medical Agency , 561 66 Těchonín , Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Urbánek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Heyrovského náměstí 2 , 162 00 Prague 6 , Czech Republic
| | - Marián Sedlák
- Institute of Experimental Physics , Slovak Academy of Sciences , Watsonova 47 , 040 01 Košice , Slovakia
| | - Federico Fenaroli
- Department of Biosciences , University of Oslo , Blindernveien 31 , 0371 Oslo , Norway
| | - Ivan Raška
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague , Albertov 4 , 128 00 Prague 2 , Czech Republic
| | - Petr Štěpánek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Heyrovského náměstí 2 , 162 00 Prague 6 , Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hrubý
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Heyrovského náměstí 2 , 162 00 Prague 6 , Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Churilov L, Korzhikov-Vlakh V, Sinitsyna E, Polyakov D, Darashkevich O, Poida M, Platonova G, Vinogradova T, Utekhin V, Zabolotnykh N, Zinserling V, Yablonsky P, Urtti A, Tennikova T. Enhanced Delivery of 4-Thioureidoiminomethylpyridinium Perchlorate in Tuberculosis Models with IgG Functionalized Poly(Lactic Acid)-Based Particles. Pharmaceutics 2018; 11:E2. [PMID: 30577686 PMCID: PMC6359407 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The compound 4-thioureidoiminomethylpyridinium perchlorate (perchlozone©) is a novel anti-tuberculosis drug that is active in multiple drug resistance cases, but the compound is hepatotoxic. To decrease the systemic load and to achieve targeting, we encapsulated the drug into poly(lactic acid)-based micro- (1100 nm) and nanoparticles (170 nm) that were modified with single-chain camel immunoglobulin G (IgG) for targeting. Both micro- and nanoparticles formed stable suspensions in saline solution at particle concentrations of 10⁻50 mg/mL. The formulations were injected intraperitoneally and intravenously into the mice with experimental tuberculosis. The survival of control animals was compared to that of mice which were treated with daily oral drug solution, single intraperitoneal administration of drug-loaded particles, and those treated both intravenously and intraperitoneally by drug-loaded particles modified with polyclonal camel IgGs. The distribution of particles in the organs of mice was analyzed with immunofluorescence and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Morphological changes related to tuberculosis and drug toxicity were registered. Phagocytic macrophages internalized particles and transported them to the foci of tuberculosis in inner organs. Nanoparticle-based drug formulations, especially those with IgG, resulted in better survival and lower degree of lung manifestations than the other modes of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Churilov
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Viktor Korzhikov-Vlakh
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina Sinitsyna
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi pr. V.O. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Dmitry Polyakov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Oleg Darashkevich
- Republican Center for Innovative and Technical Creativity, Slavinskogo str. 12, 220086 Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Mikhail Poida
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Galina Platonova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi pr. V.O. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Vinogradova
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Polytechnical str. 32, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Utekhin
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Natalia Zabolotnykh
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Polytechnical str. 32, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Vsevolod Zinserling
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Peter Yablonsky
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Polytechnical str. 32, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Arto Urtti
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Tennikova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Miranda MS, Rodrigues MT, Domingues RMA, Torrado E, Reis RL, Pedrosa J, Gomes ME. Exploring inhalable polymeric dry powders for anti-tuberculosis drug delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 93:1090-1103. [PMID: 30274040 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The growing interest on polymeric delivery systems for pulmonary administration of drugs anticipates a more direct and efficient treatment of diseases such as tuberculosis (TB) that uses the pulmonary route as the natural route of infection. Polymeric microparticles or nano-in-microparticles offer target delivery of drugs to the lungs and the potential to control and sustain drug release within TB infected macrophages improving the efficiency of the anti-TB treatment and reducing side effects. In a dry powder form these inhalable delivery systems have increased stability and prolonged storage time without requiring refrigeration, besides being cost-effective and patient convenient. Thus, this review aims to compile the recent innovations of inhalable polymeric dry powder systems for the delivery of anti-TB drugs exploring the methods of production, aerodynamic characterization and the efficacy of targeted drug delivery systems using in vitro and in vivo models of the disease. Advanced knowledge and promising outcomes of these systems are anticipated to simplify and revolutionize the pulmonary drug delivery and to contribute towards more effective anti-TB treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarida S Miranda
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Márcia T Rodrigues
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui M A Domingues
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Egídio Torrado
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Jorge Pedrosa
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuela E Gomes
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Praphakar RA, Munusamy MA, Alarfaj AA, Kumar SS, Rajan M. Zn2+cross-linked sodium alginate-g-allylamine-mannose polymeric carrier of rifampicin for macrophage targeting tuberculosis nanotherapy. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01808h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Our aim was to evaluate the capacity of polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) to selectively deliver an antituberculosis drug (rifampicin; RF) to alveolar macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Amarnath Praphakar
- Biomaterials in Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Madurai Kamaraj University
- Madurai-625021
| | | | | | - S. Suresh Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology
- University Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor
- Malaysia
| | - Mariappan Rajan
- Biomaterials in Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Madurai Kamaraj University
- Madurai-625021
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sustained release of isoniazid from polylactide microspheres prepared using solid/oil drug loading method for tuberculosis treatment. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:724-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-5051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
12
|
Parumasivam T, Leung SSY, Quan DH, Triccas JA, Britton WJ, Chan HK. Rifapentine-loaded PLGA microparticles for tuberculosis inhaled therapy: Preparation and in vitro aerosol characterization. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 88:1-11. [PMID: 27049049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled delivery of drugs incorporated into poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles allows a sustained lung concentration and encourages phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages that harboring Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, limited data are available on the effects of physicochemical properties of PLGA, including the monomer ratio (lactide:glycide) and molecular weight (MW) on the aerosol performance, macrophage uptake, and toxicity profile. The present study aims to address this knowledge gap, using PLGAs with monomer ratios of 50:50, 75:25 and 85:15, MW ranged 24 - 240kDa and an anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug, rifapentine. The PLGA-rifapentine powders were produced through a solution spray drying technique. The particles were spherical with a smooth surface and a volume median diameter around 2μm (span ~2). When the powders were dispersed using an Osmohaler(®) at 100L/min for 2.4s, the fine particle fraction (FPFtotal, wt.% particles in aerosol <5μm relative to the total recovered drug mass) was ranged between 52 and 57%, with no significant difference between the formulations. This result suggests that the monomer ratio and MW are not crucial parameters for the aerosol performance of PLGA. The phagocytosis analysis was performed using Thp-1 monocyte-derived macrophages. The highest rate of uptake was observed in PLGA 85:15 followed by 75:25 and 50:50 with about 90%, 80% and 70%, respectively phagocytosis over 4h of exposure. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity analysis on Thp-1 and human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells demonstrated that PLGA concentration up to 1.5mg/mL, regardless of the monomer composition and MW, were non-toxic. In conclusion, the monomer ratio and MW are not crucial in determining the aerosol performance and cytotoxicity profile of PLGA however, the particles with high lactide composition have a superior tendency for macrophage uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaigarajan Parumasivam
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, 2006 NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon S Y Leung
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, 2006 NSW, Australia
| | - Diana Huynh Quan
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, 2006 NSW, Australia
| | - Jamie A Triccas
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, 2006 NSW, Australia
| | - Warwick J Britton
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, 2006 NSW, Australia; Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, Newtown 2042 NSW, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, 2006 NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ladavière C, Gref R. Toward an optimized treatment of intracellular bacterial infections: input of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:3033-3055. [PMID: 26420270 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular pathogenic bacteria can lead to some of the most life-threatening infections. By evolving a number of ingenious mechanisms, these bacteria have the ability to invade, colonize and survive in the host cells in active or latent forms over prolonged period of time. A variety of nanoparticulate systems have been developed to optimize the delivery of antibiotics. Main advantages of nanoparticulate systems as compared with free drugs are an efficient drug encapsulation, protection from inactivation, targeting infection sites and the possibility to deliver drugs by overcoming cellular barriers. Nevertheless, despite the great progresses in treating intracellular infections using nanoparticulate carriers, some challenges still remain, such as targeting cellular subcompartments with bacteria and delivering synergistic drug combinations. Engineered nanoparticles should allow controlling drug release both inside cells and within the extracellular space before reaching the target cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Ladavière
- UMR CNRS 5223, IMP, Université Lyon 1, INSA de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ruxandra Gref
- Institute of Molecular Sciences, UMR CNRS 8214, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee WH, Loo CY, Traini D, Young PM. Nano- and micro-based inhaled drug delivery systems for targeting alveolar macrophages. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1009-26. [PMID: 25912721 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1039509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Macrophages are the most versatile cells in the hematopoietic system and are strategically distributed in tissues to fight pathogens or other foreign particles. In the lung, however, for intracellular infections such as tuberculosis, pneumonia and aspergillosis, bacteria and fungi utilize the alveolar macrophage as a breeding ground. This has become a challenge for the treatment of these infections, as most drugs do not effectively reach the macrophages at therapeutic levels. Alveolar macrophages also play an important role to initiative adaptive immunity toward combating inflammation and cancer in the lung. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the development of micro- and nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems to target alveolar macrophages in association with intracellular infections, cancer and lung inflammation. Aspects of nanoparticle and micron-sized particle engineering through exploitation of particles' physicochemical characteristics such as particle size, surface charge and geometry of particles are discussed. In addition, the application of nanocarriers such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles and dendrimers are covered with respect to macrophage targeting. EXPERT OPINION Drug delivery targeted to alveolar macrophages in the lung is becoming a reality thanks to micro- and nanotechnology breakthrough. The literature review shows that regulation of physicochemical parameters of particles could be a recipe to enhance macrophage targeting and uptake. However, there is still a need to identify more target-specific receptors in order to facilitate drug targeting. Besides that, the toxicity of nanocarriers arising from prolonged residence in the lung should be taken into consideration during formulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Hin Lee
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, Respiratory Technology, The Discipline of Pharmacology , Sydney, 2006 , Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cilfone NA, Pienaar E, Thurber GM, Kirschner DE, Linderman JJ. Systems Pharmacology Approach Toward the Design of Inhaled Formulations of Rifampicin and Isoniazid for Treatment of Tuberculosis. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2015. [PMID: 26225241 PMCID: PMC4394619 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Conventional oral therapies for the treatment of tuberculosis are limited by poor antibiotic distribution in granulomas, which contributes to lengthy treatment regimens and inadequate bacterial sterilization. Inhaled formulations are a promising strategy to increase antibiotic efficacy and reduce dose frequency. We develop a multiscale computational approach that accounts for simultaneous dynamics of a lung granuloma, carrier release kinetics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Using this computational platform, we predict that a rationally designed inhaled formulation of isoniazid given at a significantly reduced dose frequency has better sterilizing capabilities and reduced toxicity than the current oral regimen. Furthermore, we predict that inhaled formulations of rifampicin require unrealistic carrier antibiotic loadings that lead to early toxicity concerns. Lastly, we predict that targeting carriers to macrophages has limited effects on treatment efficacy. Our platform can be extended to account for additional antibiotics and provides a new tool for rapidly prototyping the efficacy of inhaled formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N A Cilfone
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - E Pienaar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - G M Thurber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - D E Kirschner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J J Linderman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pham DD, Fattal E, Tsapis N. Pulmonary drug delivery systems for tuberculosis treatment. Int J Pharm 2014; 478:517-29. [PMID: 25499020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem as it is the second leading cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide, after the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Conventional treatments fail either because of poor patient compliance to the drug regimen or due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The aim of this review is to give an update on the information available on tuberculosis, its pathogenesis and current antitubercular chemotherapies. Direct lung delivery of anti-TB drugs using pulmonary delivery systems is then reviewed since it appears as an interesting strategy to improve first and second line drugs. A particular focus is place on research performed on inhalable dry powder formulations of antitubercular drugs to target alveolar macrophages where the bacteria develop. Numerous studies show that anti-TB drugs can be incorporated into liposomes, microparticles or nanoparticles which can be delivered as dry powders to the deep lungs for instantaneous, targeted and/or controlled release. Treatments of infected animals show a significant reduction of the number of viable bacteria as well as a decrease in tissue damage. These new formulations appear as interesting alternatives to deliver directly drugs to the lungs and favor efficient TB treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinh-Duy Pham
- Univ Paris-Sud Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, LabEx LERMIT, Châtenay-Malabry, France; University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutics Department, 41-43 Dinh Tien Hoang, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Ton Duc Thang University, Faculty of Applied Science, Division of Pharmacotechnology and Biopharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Elias Fattal
- Univ Paris-Sud Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, LabEx LERMIT, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Nicolas Tsapis
- Univ Paris-Sud Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, LabEx LERMIT, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vashist A, Vashist A, Gupta YK, Ahmad S. Recent advances in hydrogel based drug delivery systems for the human body. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:147-166. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21016b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
18
|
Kalluru R, Fenaroli F, Westmoreland D, Ulanova L, Maleki A, Roos N, Paulsen Madsen M, Koster G, Egge-Jacobsen W, Wilson S, Roberg-Larsen H, Khuller GK, Singh A, Nyström B, Griffiths G. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-rifampicin nanoparticles efficiently clear Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection in macrophages and remain membrane-bound in phago-lysosomes. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:3043-54. [PMID: 23687375 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.121814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used as biodegradable vehicles to selectively deliver therapeutic agents such as drugs or antigens to cells. The most widely used vehicle for this purpose is based on copolymers of lactic acid and glycolic acid (PLGA) and has been extensively used in experiments aimed at delivering antibiotics against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in animal models of tuberculosis. Here, we describe fabrication of PLGA NPs containing either a high concentration of rifampicin or detectable levels of the green fluorescent dye, coumarin-6. Our goal here was twofold: first to resolve the controversial issue of whether, after phagocytic uptake, PLGA NPs remain membrane-bound or whether they escape into the cytoplasm, as has been widely claimed. Second, we sought to make NPs that enclosed sufficient rifampicin to efficiently clear macrophages of infection with Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Using fluorescence microscopy and immuno-electron microscopy, in combination with markers for lysosomes, we show that BCG bacteria, as expected, localized to early phagosomes, but that at least 90% of PLGA particles were targeted to, and remained in, low pH, hydrolase-rich phago-lysosomes. Our data collectively argue that PLGA NPs remain membrane-enclosed in macrophages for at least 13 days and degrade slowly. Importantly, provided that the NPs are fabricated with sufficient antibiotic, one dose given after infection is sufficient to efficiently clear the BCG infection after 9-12 days of treatment, as shown by estimates of the number of bacterial colonies in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raja Kalluru
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Feng H, Zhang L, Zhu C. Genipin crosslinked ethyl cellulose–chitosan complex microspheres for anti-tuberculosis delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 103:530-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2012] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
20
|
Kumar G, Sharma S, Shafiq N, Khuller GK, Malhotra S. Optimization, in vitro–in vivo Evaluation, and Short-term Tolerability of Novel Levofloxacin-loaded PLGA Nanoparticle Formulation. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:2165-76. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
21
|
Babiuch K, Gottschaldt M, Werz O, Schubert US. Particulate transepithelial drug carriers: barriers and functional polymers. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20726e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
|
22
|
Inhaled therapies for tuberculosis and the relevance of activation of lung macrophages by particulate drug-delivery systems. Ther Deliv 2011; 2:753-68. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.11.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) induce ‘alternative activation’ of lung macrophages that they colonize, in order to create conditions that promote the establishment and progression of infection. There is some evidence to indicate that such macrophages may be rescued from alternative activation by inhalable microparticles containing a variety of drugs. This review summarizes the experience of various groups of researchers, relating to observations of induction of a number of classical macrophage activation pathways. Restoration of a ‘respiratory burst’ and upregulation of reactive oxygen species and nitrogen intermediates through the phagocyte oxidase and nitric oxide synthetase enzyme systems; induction of proinflammatory macrophage cytokines; and finally induction of apoptosis rather than necrosis of the infected macrophage are discussed. It is suggested that there is scope to co-opt host responses in the management of tuberculosis, through the route of pulmonary drug delivery.
Collapse
|
23
|
Ito F, Kanakubo Y, Murakami Y. Rapid preparation of monodisperse biodegradable polymer nanospheres using a membrane emulsification technique under low gas pressure. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-011-9617-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
24
|
Misra A, Hickey AJ, Rossi C, Borchard G, Terada H, Makino K, Fourie PB, Colombo P. Inhaled drug therapy for treatment of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2011; 91:71-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2010.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Revised: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
25
|
|
26
|
Griffiths G, Nyström B, Sable SB, Khuller GK. Nanobead-based interventions for the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis. Nat Rev Microbiol 2010; 8:827-34. [DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro2437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
27
|
Ito F, Fujimori H, Honnami H, Kawakami H, Kanamura K, Makino K. Control of drug loading efficiency and drug release behavior in preparation of hydrophilic-drug-containing monodisperse PLGA microspheres. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2010; 21:1563-1571. [PMID: 20221788 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-010-3995-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We prepared monodisperse poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres containing blue dextran (BLD)--a hydrophilic drug--by membrane emulsification technique. The effects of electrolyte addition to the w(2) phase and significance of the droplet size ratio between primary (w(1)/o) and secondary (w(1)/o/w(2)) emulsions during the preparation of these microspheres was examined. The droplet size ratio was evaluated from the effect of stirring rate of the homogenizer when preparing the primary emulsion. The drug loading efficiency of BLD in these microspheres increased with stirring rate. It increased to approximately 90% when 2.0% NaCl was added to the w(2) phase. Drug release from these microspheres was slower than that when they were prepared without electrolyte addition. Despite the very high efficiency drug release was gradual because BLD was distributed at the microspheres core. Relatively monodisperse hydrophilic-drug-containing PLGA microspheres with controlled drug loading efficiency and drug release behavior were prepared.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-ohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Facile technique for preparing organic–inorganic composite particles: Monodisperse poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) particles having silica nanoparticles on the surface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
29
|
Hirota K, Hasegawa T, Nakajima T, Inagawa H, Kohchi C, Soma GI, Makino K, Terada H. Delivery of rifampicin–PLGA microspheres into alveolar macrophages is promising for treatment of tuberculosis. J Control Release 2010; 142:339-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Revised: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
30
|
|
31
|
Ohashi K, Kabasawa T, Ozeki T, Okada H. One-step preparation of rifampicin/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle-containing mannitol microspheres using a four-fluid nozzle spray drier for inhalation therapy of tuberculosis. J Control Release 2009; 135:19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Revised: 11/23/2008] [Accepted: 11/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
32
|
Takenaga M, Ohta Y, Tokura Y, Hamaguchi A, Igarashi R, Disratthakit A, Doi N. Lipid Microsphere Formulation Containing Rifampicin Targets Alveolar Macrophages. Drug Deliv 2008; 15:169-75. [DOI: 10.1080/10717540801952530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
|
33
|
Intracellular time course, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of isoniazid and rifabutin following pulmonary delivery of inhalable microparticles to mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2008; 52:3195-201. [PMID: 18591268 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00153-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular concentrations of isoniazid and rifabutin resulting from administration of inhalable microparticles of these drugs to phorbol-differentiated THP-1 cells and the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of these drugs upon inhalation of microparticles or intravenous administration of free drugs to mice were investigated. In cultured cells, both microparticles and dissolved drugs established peak concentrations of isoniazid ( approximately 1.4 and 1.1 microg/10(6) cells) and rifabutin ( approximately 2 microg/ml and approximately 1.4 microg/10(6) cells) within 10 min. Microparticles maintained the intracellular concentration of isoniazid for 24 h and rifabutin for 96 h, whereas dissolved drugs did not. The following pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using WinNonlin from samples obtained after inhalation using an in-house apparatus (figures in parentheses refer to parameters obtained after intravenous administration of an equivalent amount, i.e., 100 microg of either drug, to parallel groups): isoniazid, serum half-life (t(1/2)) = 18.63 +/- 5.89 h (3.91 +/- 1.06 h), maximum concentration in serum (C(max)) = 2.37 +/- 0.23 microg x ml(-1) (3.24 +/- 0.57 microg x ml(-1)), area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC(0-24)) = 55.34 +/- 13.72 microg/ml(-1) h(-1) (16.64 +/- 1.80 microg/ml(-1) h(-1)), and clearance (CL) = 63.90 +/- 13.32 ml x h(-1) (4.43 +/- 1.85 ml x h(-1)); rifabutin, t(1/2) = 119.49 +/- 29.62 h (20.18 +/- 4.02 h), C(max) = 1.59 +/- 0.01 microg x ml(-1) (3.47 +/- 0.33 microg x ml(-1)), AUC(0-96) = 109.35 +/- 14.78 microg/ml(-1) h(-1) (90.82 +/- 7.46 microg/ml(-1) h(-1)), and CL = 11.68 +/- 7.00 ml x h(-1) (1.03 +/- 0.11 ml.h(-1)). Drug targeting to the lungs in general and alveolar macrophages in particular was observed. It was concluded that inhaled microparticles can reduce dose frequency and improve the pharmacologic index of the drug combination.
Collapse
|
34
|
Mizoe T, Ozeki T, Okada H. Application of a four-fluid nozzle spray drier to prepare inhalable rifampicin-containing mannitol microparticles. AAPS PharmSciTech 2008; 9:755-61. [PMID: 18563576 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-008-9109-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to use a four-fluid nozzle spray drier as a new one-step method for preparing rifampicin (RFP)-containing mannitol microparticles. A RFP-acetone/methanol (2:1) solution and aqueous solutions of mannitol (MAN) were simultaneously supplied through different liquid passages of a four-fluid nozzle spray drier and then dried to obtain MAN microparticles containing RFP. Using a cascade impactor, the in vitro aerosol performance of RFP powder and RFP-MAN microparticles with 1:5, 1:10, and 1:20 ratios was compared. The in vivo retention of RFP in the lungs of rats after intratracheal administration of 1:20 RFP-MAN microparticles was also compared. The RFP-MAN microparticles had better aerosol performance than RFP powder and delivery to the lung stages improved as the fraction of MAN was increased. For the 1:20 RFP-MAN microparticles, deposition in stages 2-7 was approximately 43%, which is sufficient for treatment. Approximately 8% of the RFP-MAN microparticles were deposited in stages 6-7, which corresponds to alveoli containing alveolar macrophages. The initial retention of RFP in the lung following pulmonary delivery of 1:20 RFP-MAN microparticles was higher than following oral or intravenous administration of RFP, but the elimination was rapid, resulting in the disappearance of RFP from the lung within 4 h. The plasma concentration-time profile of RFP after intratracheal administration of 1:20 RFP-MAN microparticles was consistent with the profile for RFP retention in the lung. Addition of cholesterol or phosphatidylcholine to RFP had little effect on its retention in the lung. The RFP-MAN microparticles were effective for delivery of RFP to the lung, but the RFP rapidly removed from the lung into the blood circulation. This study demonstrated that RFP-containing MAN microparticles prepared in one step using the four-fluid nozzle spray drier efficiently deliver RFP to the lung, although methods must be developed to prolong its retention and improve targeting to alveolar macrophages.
Collapse
|
35
|
Hasegawa T, Iijima K, Hirota K, Nakajima T, Makino K, Terada H. Exact determination of phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages toward polymer microspheres by elimination of those attached to the macrophage membrane. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 63:209-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2007] [Revised: 11/29/2007] [Accepted: 12/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
36
|
Tomoda K, Ohkoshi T, Kawai Y, Nishiwaki M, Nakajima T, Makino K. Preparation and properties of inhalable nanocomposite particles: Effects of the temperature at a spray-dryer inlet upon the properties of particles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 61:138-44. [PMID: 17890065 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Revised: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 07/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the disadvantages both of microparticles and nanoparticles for inhalation, we have prepared nanocomposite particles as drug carriers targeting lungs. The nanocomposite particles having sizes about 2.5 microm composed of sugar and drug-loaded PLGA nanoparticles can reach deep in the lungs, and they are decomposed into drug-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in the alveoli. Sugar was used as a binder of PLGA nanoparticles to be nanocomposite particles and is soluble in alveolar lining fluid. The primary nanoparticles containing bioactive materials were prepared by using a probe sonicator. And then they were spray dried with carrier materials, such as trehalose and lactose. The effects of inlet temperature of spray dryer were studied between 60 and 120 degrees C and the kind of sugars upon properties of nanocomposite particles. When the inlet temperatures were 80 and 90 degrees C, nanocomposite particles with average diameters of about 2.5 microm are obtained and they are decomposed into primary nanoparticles in water, in both sugars are used as a binder. But, those prepared above 100 degrees C are not decomposed into nanoparticles in water, while the average diameter was almost 2.5 microm. On the other hand, nanocomposite particles prepared at lower inlet temperatures have larger sizes but better redispersion efficiency in water. By the measurements of aerodynamic diameters of the nanocomposite particles prepared with trehalose at 70, 80, and 90 degrees C, it was shown that the particles prepared at 80 degrees C have the highest fine particle fraction (FPF) value and the particles are suitable for pulmonary delivery of bioactive materials deep in the lungs. Meanwhile the case with lactose, the particles prepared at 90 degrees C have near the best FPF value but they have many particles larger than 11 microm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keishiro Tomoda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki Noda Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Stimulation of Phagocytic Activity of Alveolar Macrophages Toward Artificial Microspheres by Infection with Mycobacteria. Pharm Res 2008; 25:1420-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-007-9525-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2007] [Accepted: 12/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
38
|
Muttil P, Kaur J, Kumar K, Yadav AB, Sharma R, Misra A. Inhalable microparticles containing large payload of anti-tuberculosis drugs. Eur J Pharm Sci 2007; 32:140-50. [PMID: 17681458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2007.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2007] [Revised: 06/23/2007] [Accepted: 06/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Microparticles containing large payloads of two anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs were prepared and evaluated for suitability as a dry powder inhalation targeting alveolar macrophages. A solution containing one part each of isoniazid and rifabutin, plus two parts poly(lactic acid) (L-PLA) was spray-dried. Drug content and in vitro release were assayed by HPLC, and DSC was used to elucidate release behaviour. Particle size was measured by laser scattering and aerosol characteristics by cascade impaction using a Lovelace impactor. Microparticles were administered to mice using an in-house inhalation apparatus or by intra-tracheal instillation. Drugs in solution were administered orally and by intra-cardiac injection. Flow cytometry and HPLC were used to investigate the specificity and magnitude of targeting macrophages. Microparticles having drug content approximately 50% (w/w), particle size approximately 5 microm and satisfactory aerosol characteristics (median mass aerodynamic diameter, MMAD=3.57 microm; geometric standard deviation, GSD=1.41 microm; fine particle fraction, FPF(<4.6 microm)=78.91+/-8.4%) were obtained in yields of >60%. About 70% of the payload was released in vitro in 10 days. Microparticles targeted macrophages and not epithelial cells on inhalation. Drug concentrations in macrophages were approximately 20 times higher when microparticles were inhaled rather than drug solutions administered. Microparticles were thus deemed suitable for enhanced targeted drug delivery to lung macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Muttil
- Pharmaceutics Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hasegawa T, Hirota K, Tomoda K, Ito F, Inagawa H, Kochi C, Soma GI, Makino K, Terada H. Phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages toward polystyrene latex microspheres and PLGA microspheres loaded with anti-tuberculosis agent. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2007; 60:221-8. [PMID: 17683920 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2007] [Revised: 06/11/2007] [Accepted: 06/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages (Mphis) toward poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (MS) loaded with the anti-tuberculosis agent rifampicin (RFP-PLGA MS) has been shown to be effective for the treatment of tuberculosis. The phagocytosis should be evaluated in terms of that toward reference MS. We chose polystyrene latex (PSL) MS as a reference. In this study, phagocytic activity of cell line NR8383, derived from rat alveolar Mphi, toward PSL MS with various diameters was examined by incubating the cells for 4h at 37 degrees C with various numbers of PSL MS per Mphi cell (MS/Mphi=0.1-10). The results were then compared with those of the phagocytosis toward RFP-PLGA MS. We determined the phagocytic activity by counting the population of Mphi cells that had phagocytosed MS (N) and the number of particles phagocytosed (n) in microscopic fields. Both N and n for PSL and RFP-PLGA MS increased in general with an increase in MS/Mphi, but both of these values for PSL MS were smaller than those for RFP-PLGA MS. Phagocytosis of the particles were dependent on the particle size; i.e., of the PSL MS the 6-mum ones were taken up by Mphi the most, and the RFP-PLGA MS 3 microm in diameter seemed to be phagocytosed the most efficiently, although we were not able to determine exactly the phagocytosis of 6- and 10-microm RFP-PLGA MS. From the changes in N and n values with MS/Mphi, the phagocytosis of RFP-PLGA MS was likely to enhance the phagocytic activity of Mphi cells, but this effect did not seem to be significant for PSL MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taizo Hasegawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hirota K, Hasegawa T, Hinata H, Ito F, Inagawa H, Kochi C, Soma GI, Makino K, Terada H. Optimum conditions for efficient phagocytosis of rifampicin-loaded PLGA microspheres by alveolar macrophages. J Control Release 2007; 119:69-76. [PMID: 17335927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Revised: 01/23/2007] [Accepted: 01/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We examined the phagocytic activities of alveolar macrophages (NR8383 cells) toward poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres (MS) loaded with the anti-tuberculosis agent rifampicin (RFP), the sizes of which were between 1 microm and 10 microm. We found that 1) the phagocytosis was dependent greatly on the particle size and the number of particles added; 2) macrophages phagocytosed considerably the PLGA microspheres loaded with RFP, the diameter of which was between 1 microm and 6 microm, but took up few 10-microm particles; 3) the population of the macrophages that phagocytosed 1-microm or 3-microm particles was larger than that of those phagocytosed 6- or 10-microm particles; 4) a considerable population of macrophages were not able to phagocytose even the 1- and 3-microm particles; 5) the most efficient deliveries of RFP into each macrophage cell and a large population of macrophages were achieved by the phagocytosis of 3-microm particles; and 6) phagocytosis did not affect macrophage viability in 4 h after the start of phagocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Hirota
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|