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Wei Y, Wang J, Liu Z, Pei J, Brennan C, Abd El-Aty A. Isolation and Characterization of Bacteriocin-Producing Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus XN2 from Yak Yoghurt and Its Bacteriocin. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072066. [PMID: 35408465 PMCID: PMC9000875 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produce antimicrobial substances that could potentially inhibit the growth of pathogenic and food spoilage microorganisms. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus XN2, isolated from yak yoghurt, demonstrated antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, Micrococcus luteus, Brochothrix thermosphacta, Clostridium butyricum, S. aureus, Listeria innocua CICC 10416, L. monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activity was estimated to be 3200 AU/mL after 30 h cultivation. Time-kill kinetics curve showed that the semi-purified cell-free supernatants (CFS) of strain XN2 possessed bactericidal activity. Flow cytometry analysis indicated disruption of the sensitive bacteria membrane by semi-purified CFS, which ultimately caused cell death. Interestingly, sub-lethal concentrations of semi-purified CFS were observed to reduce the production of α-haemolysin and biofilm formation. We further investigated the changes in the transcriptional level of luxS gene, which encodes signal molecule synthase (Al-2) induced by semi-purified CFS from strain XN2. In conclusion, L. rhamnosus XN2 and its bacteriocin showed antagonistic activity at both cellular and quorum sensing (QS) levels. Finally, bacteriocin was further purified by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), named bacteriocin XN2. The amino acid sequence was Met-Lue-Lys-Lys-Phe-Ser-Thr-Ala-Tyr-Val.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Wei
- College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China;
| | - Jinze Wang
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China; (J.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhe Liu
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China; (J.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jinjin Pei
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C., Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China; (J.W.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Charles Brennan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne 3046, Australia;
| | - A.M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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Liu C, Hao K, Liu Z, Liu Z, Guo N. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) attenuates staphylococcal alpha-hemolysin (Hla)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation via ROS-MAPK pathways and EGCG-Hla interactions. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108170. [PMID: 34562843 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-hemolysin (Hla), the virulence factor secreted by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), plays a critical role in infection and inflammation, which is a severe health burden worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a drug against Hla. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol extracted from green tea, has excellent anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of EGCG on Hla-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vitro and in vivo and elucidated the potential molecular mechanism. We found that EGCG attenuated the hemolysis of Hla by inhibiting its secretion. Besides, EGCG significantly decreased overproduction of ROS and activation of MAPK signaling pathway induced by Hla, thereby markedly attenuating the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins in THP-1 cells. Notably, EGCG could spontaneously bind to Hla with affinity constant of 1.71 × 10-4 M, thus blocking the formation of the Hla heptamer. Moreover, Hla-induced expression of NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 protein and generation of IL-1β and IL-18 in the damaged liver tissue of mice were also significantly suppressed by EGCG in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, EGCG could be a promising candidate for alleviating Hla-induced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, depending on ROS mediated MAPK signaling pathway, and inhibition of Hla secretion and heptamer formation. These findings will enlighten the applications of EGCG to reduce the S. aureus infection by targeting Hla in food and related pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Kun Hao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zuojia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zonghui Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Na Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Sheng Q, Du R, Ma C, Zhou Y, Shen X, Hou X, Xu L, Li L, Deng X, Wang J. NMPA-approved traditional Chinese medicine-Pingwei Pill: new indication for colistin recovery against MCR-positive bacteria infection. Chin Med 2021; 16:106. [PMID: 34663394 PMCID: PMC8524834 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00518-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The wide spread of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance by mobile colistin resistance (MCR) in Enterobacteriaceae severely limits the clinical application of colistin as a last-line drug against bacterial infection. The identification of colistin potentiator from natural plants or their compound preparation as antibiotic adjuncts is a new promising strategy to meet this challenge. METHODS Herein, the synergistic activity, as well as the potential mechanism, of Pingwei pill plus antibiotics against MCR-positive Gram-negative pathogens was examined using checkerboard assay, time-killing curves, combined disk test, western blot assay, and microscope analysis. Additionally, the Salmonella sp. HYM2 infection models of mouse and chick were employed to examine the in vivo efficacy of Pingwei pill in combination with colistin against bacteria infection. Finally, network pharmacology and molecular docking assay were used to predicate other actions of Pingwei pill for Salmonella infection. RESULTS Our results revealed that Pingwei Pill synergistically potentiated the antibacterial activity of colistin against MCR-1-positive bacteria by accelerating the damage and permeability of the bacterial outer membrane with an FIC (Fractional Inhibitory Concentration) index less than 0.5. The treatment of Pingwei Pill neither inhibited bacterial growth nor affected MCR production. Notably, Pingwei Pill in combination with colistin significantly prolonged the median survival in mouse and chick models of infection using the Salmonella sp. strain HYM2, decreased bacteria burden and organ index of infected animal, alleviated pathological damage of cecum, which suggest that Pingwei Pill recovered the therapeutic performance of colistin for MCR-1- positive Salmonella infection in mice and the naturally infected host chick. Pharmacological network topological analysis, molecular docking, bacterial adhesion, and invasion pathway verification assays were performed to identify the other molecular mechanisms of Pingwei Pill as a colistin potentiator against Gram-negative bacteria infection. CONCLUSION Taken together, NMPA (National Medical Products Administration)-approved Pingwei Pill is a promising adjuvant with colistin for MCR-positive bacterial infection with a shortened R&D (research and development) cycle and affordable R&D cost and risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushuang Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Runbao Du
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cunhui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yonglin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Shen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoning Hou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Guzzo F, Scognamiglio M, Fiorentino A, Buommino E, D’Abrosca B. Plant Derived Natural Products against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: Antibiofilm Activity and Molecular Mechanisms. Molecules 2020; 25:E5024. [PMID: 33138250 PMCID: PMC7663672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria are social organisms able to build complex structures, such as biofilms, that are highly organized surface-associated communities of microorganisms, encased within a self- produced extracellular matrix. Biofilm is commonly associated with many health problems since its formation increases resistance to antibiotics and antimicrobial agents, as in the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, two human pathogens causing major concern. P. aeruginosa is responsible for severe nosocomial infections, the most frequent of which is ventilator-associated pneumonia, while S. aureus causes several problems, like skin infections, septic arthritis, and endocarditis, to name just a few. Literature data suggest that natural products from plants, bacteria, fungi, and marine organisms have proven to be effective as anti-biofilm agents, inhibiting the formation of the polymer matrix, suppressing cell adhesion and attachment, and decreasing the virulence factors' production, thereby blocking the quorum sensing network. Here, we focus on plant derived chemicals, and provide an updated literature review on the anti-biofilm properties of terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds. Moreover, whenever information is available, we also report the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Guzzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche–DiSTABiF, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.G.); (M.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Monica Scognamiglio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche–DiSTABiF, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.G.); (M.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Antonio Fiorentino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche–DiSTABiF, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.G.); (M.S.); (A.F.)
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologia Marina, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Buommino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Brigida D’Abrosca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche–DiSTABiF, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy; (F.G.); (M.S.); (A.F.)
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologia Marina, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
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Guo Y, Lv X, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Lu N, Deng X, Wang J. Honokiol Restores Polymyxin Susceptibility to MCR-1-Positive Pathogens both In Vitro and In Vivo. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:e02346-19. [PMID: 31862719 PMCID: PMC7028959 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02346-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-1 has led to serious multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae infections, which are a great threat to the clinic. This study aims to find an inhibitor of MCR-1 to reestablish the use of polymyxins against MDR Enterobacteriaceae infections. Here, we determined that the natural compound honokiol could enhance the efficacy of polymyxins against MDR Enterobacteriaceae infections by a checkerboard MIC assay, a time-kill assay, a combined disk test, Western blotting, molecular simulation dynamics, and mouse infection models. The MIC results indicated that honokiol can recover the sensitivity of polymyxins against MCR-1-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli (with a fractional inhibitory concentration index ranging from 0.09 ± 0.00 to 0.27 ± 0.06). Based on time-kill curve analysis, all of the tested bacteria were killed within 1 h following the combined therapy with honokiol and polymyxins. Molecular simulation dynamics results suggested that honokiol directly binds to the MCR-1 active region, reducing the biological activity of MCR-1. The combination of honokiol and polymyxins could increase the 40% protection rate and reduce the bacterial load on the thigh muscles of mice. Our study indicates that honokiol is a predominant natural compound whose combination therapy with polymyxins is very promising in future treatment options for MCR-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae infections.IMPORTANCE In the present study, honokiol could effectively inhibit the activity of MCR-1 and showed almost no cytotoxicity to MH-S cells. According to our results, the combination of honokiol and polymyxin had a clear synergistic effect against MCR-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae in vitro Combination therapy also showed a powerful therapeutic effect in vivo, which can significantly improve mouse livability, reduced the load of bacteria, and reduced pathological change. This combined therapy of small molecule compounds and antibiotics may not continue to induce new bacterial resistance, due to the fact that MCR-1 targeted by honokiol is not indispensable for the bacterial viability; on the other hand, it can reduce the dosage of combined antibiotics, and it is also a promising alternative therapy for the treatment of drug-resistant infections in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaohong Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanling Wang
- Qingdao Vland Biological Limited Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Yonglin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Na Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Bhattacharya D, Sinha R, Mukherjee P, Howlader DR, Nag D, Sarkar S, Koley H, Withey JH, Gachhui R. Anti-virulence activity of polyphenolic fraction isolated from Kombucha against Vibrio cholerae. Microb Pathog 2019; 140:103927. [PMID: 31846743 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of traditional foods and beverages or their bioactive compounds as anti-virulence agents is a new alternative method to overcome the increased global emergence of antimicrobial resistance in enteric pathogens. In the present study, we investigated the anti-virulence activity of a polyphenolic fraction previously isolated from Kombucha, a 14-day fermented beverage of sugared black tea, against Vibrio cholerae O1. The isolated fraction was mainly composed of the polyphenols catechin and isorhamnetin. The fraction, the individual polyphenols and the combination of the individual polyphenols significantly inhibited bacterial swarming motility and expression of flagellar regulatory genes motY and flaC, even at sub-inhibitory concentrations. The polyphenolic compounds also decreased bacterial protease secretion and mucin penetration in vitro. In vivo study revealed that the polyphenolic fraction significantly inhibited V. cholerae induced fluid accumulation in the rabbit ileal loop model and intestinal colonization in suckling mice model. Therefore, the anti-virulence activity of the Kombucha polyphenolic fraction involved inhibition of motility and protease secretion of V. cholerae, thus preventing bacterial penetration through the mucin layer as well as fluid accumulation and bacterial colonization in the intestinal epithelial cells. The overall results implied that Kombucha might be considered as a potential alternative source of anti-virulence polyphenols against V. cholerae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the anti-virulence activity of Kombucha, mostly attributed to its polyphenolic content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debanjana Bhattacharya
- Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Ritam Sinha
- Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED), P-33 CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Priyadarshini Mukherjee
- Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED), P-33 CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Debaki Ranjan Howlader
- Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED), P-33 CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Dhrubajyoti Nag
- Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED), P-33 CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Soumyadev Sarkar
- Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Hemanta Koley
- Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED), P-33 CIT Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010, India
| | - Jeffrey H Withey
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ratan Gachhui
- Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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Wu SC, Liu F, Zhu K, Shen JZ. Natural Products That Target Virulence Factors in Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13195-13211. [PMID: 31702908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increase in the incidence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) associated infections necessitates the urgent development of novel therapeutic strategies and antibacterial drugs. Antivirulence strategy is an especially compelling alternative strategy due to its low selective pressure for the development of drug resistance in bacteria. Plants and microorganisms are not only important food and medicinal resources but also serve as sources for the discovery of natural products that target bacterial virulence factors. This review discusses the mechanisms of the major virulence factors of S. aureus, including the accessory gene regulator quorum-sensing system, bacterial biofilm formation, α-hemolysin, sortase A, and staphyloxanthin. We also provide an overview of natural products isolated from plants and microorganisms with activity against the major virulence factors of S. aureus and their adjuvant effects on existing antibiotics to overcome antibiotic-resistant S. aureus. Finally, the limitations and solutions of these antivirulence compounds are discussed, which will help in the development of novel antibacterial drugs against antibiotic-resistant S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Cheng Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Qingdao Agricultural University , No. 700 Changcheng Road , Qingdao , Shandong 266109 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Zhong Shen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
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Singh V, Phukan UJ. Interaction of host and Staphylococcus aureus protease-system regulates virulence and pathogenicity. Med Microbiol Immunol 2019; 208:585-607. [PMID: 30483863 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-018-0573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus causes various health care- and community-associated infections as well as certain chronic TH2 driven inflammatory diseases. It is a potent pathogen with serious virulence and associated high morbidity. Severe pathogenicity is accredited to the S. aureus secreted virulence factors such as proteases and host protease modulators. These virulence factors promote adhesion and invasion of bacteria through damage of tight junction barrier and keratinocytes. They inhibit activation and transmigration of various immune cells such as neutrophils (and neutrophil proteases) to evade opsono-phagocytosis and intracellular bacterial killing. Additionally, they protect the bacteria from extracellular killing by disrupting integrity of extracellular matrix. Platelet activation and agglutination is also impaired by these factors. They also block the classical as well as alternative pathways of complement activation and assist in spread of infection through blood and tissue. As these factors are exquisite factors of S. aureus mediated disease development, we have focused on review of diversification of various protease-system associated virulence factors, their structural building, diverse role in disease development and available therapeutic counter measures. This review summarises the role of protease-associated virulence factors during invasion and progression of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vigyasa Singh
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Ujjal Jyoti Phukan
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Bae WY, Kim HY, Kim KT, Paik HD. Inhibitory effects of Inula britannica extract fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P on coagulase activity and growth of Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant strains. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12785. [PMID: 31353594 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of fermented Inula britannica extract (FIBE) against Staphylococcus aureus strains including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). I. britannica extract was fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P, and the pathogenicity of S. aureus strains was determined via assessment of coagulase, DNase, and hemolytic activities. Epicatechin concentration increased from 4.38 to 6.05 μg/mg during fermentation (p < 0.01). FIBE treatment inhibited coagulase release from S. aureus to levels below the inhibitory concentration. FIBE promoted the release of intracellular nucleic acids and N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine absorption. In three S. aureus strains, damaged cells exhibited 21.58, 16.79, and 17.65% decreases in membrane potential induced by cell membrane depolarization, respectively (p < 0.05). Upon FIBE treatment in culture, the minimum inhibitory concentration of FIBE exerted a bacteriostatic effect. In conclusion, FIBE possesses antimicrobial properties, including inhibition of virulence factors, damage to cell membranes, and inhibition of bacterial growth. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious concern in hospitals because of its known antibiotic resistance. Vancomycin and tigecycline are used for treating MRSA, but the appearance of vancomycin-intermediate and multidrug-resistant strains of these bacteria has created a demand for new antimicrobial agents. This study demonstrates the effective application of Inula britannica and fermentation technology for developing natural antimicrobial agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Young Bae
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Yeop Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Tae Kim
- Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.,Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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