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Shi FS, Xie YH, Yang YL, Xu LD, Li JJ, Wang X, Zhu LY, Wang WW, Shen PL, Huang YW, Li XQ. Fucoidan from Ascophyllum nodosum and Undaria pinnatifida attenuate SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro and in vivo by suppressing ACE2 and alleviating inflammation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 332:121884. [PMID: 38431405 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The global healthcare challenge posed by COVID-19 necessitates the continuous exploration for novel antiviral agents. Fucoidans have demonstrated antiviral activity. However, the underlying structure-activity mechanism responsible for the inhibitory activity of fucoidans from Ascophyllum nodosum (FUCA) and Undaria pinnatifida (FUCU) against SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear. FUCA was characterized as a homopolymer with a backbone structure of repeating (1 → 3) and (1 → 4) linked α-l-fucopyranose residues, whereas FUCU was a heteropolysaccharide composed of Fuc1-3Gal1-6 repeats. Furthermore, FUCA demonstrated significantly higher anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity than FUCU (EC50: 48.66 vs 69.52 μg/mL), suggesting the degree of branching rather than sulfate content affected the antiviral activity. Additionally, FUCA exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on ACE2, surpassing the inhibitory activity of FUCU. In vitro, both FUCA and FUCU treatments downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IFN-α, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and IFN-β) induced by viral infection. In hamsters, FUCA demonstrated greater effectiveness in attenuating lung and gastrointestinal injury and reducing ACE2 expression, compared to FUCU. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that only FUCU partially alleviated the gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by SARS-CoV-2. Consequently, our study provides a scientific basis for considering fucoidans as poteintial prophylactic food components against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Shu Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products and Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Yv-Hao Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products and Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Yong-Le Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Ling-Dong Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Jin-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products and Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products and Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Li-Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products and Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Pei-Li Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Qingdao Bright Moon Seaweed Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yao-Wei Huang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.
| | - Xiao-Qiong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products and Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
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Labandeira-Garcia JL, Labandeira CM, Guerra MJ, Rodriguez-Perez AI. The role of the brain renin-angiotensin system in Parkinson´s disease. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:22. [PMID: 38622720 PMCID: PMC11017622 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was classically considered a circulating hormonal system that regulates blood pressure. However, different tissues and organs, including the brain, have a local paracrine RAS. Mutual regulation between the dopaminergic system and RAS has been observed in several tissues. Dysregulation of these interactions leads to renal and cardiovascular diseases, as well as progression of dopaminergic neuron degeneration in a major brain center of dopamine/angiotensin interaction such as the nigrostriatal system. A decrease in the dopaminergic function induces upregulation of the angiotensin type-1 (AT1) receptor activity, leading to recovery of dopamine levels. However, AT1 receptor overactivity in dopaminergic neurons and microglial cells upregulates the cellular NADPH-oxidase-superoxide axis and Ca2+ release, which mediate several key events in oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and α-synuclein aggregation, involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. An intraneuronal antioxidative/anti-inflammatory RAS counteracts the effects of the pro-oxidative AT1 receptor overactivity. Consistent with this, an imbalance in RAS activity towards the pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory AT1 receptor axis has been observed in the substantia nigra and striatum of several animal models of high vulnerability to dopaminergic degeneration. Interestingly, autoantibodies against angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and AT1 receptors are increased in PD models and PD patients and contribute to blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysregulation and nigrostriatal pro-inflammatory RAS upregulation. Therapeutic strategies addressed to the modulation of brain RAS, by AT1 receptor blockers (ARBs) and/or activation of the antioxidative axis (AT2, Mas receptors), may be neuroprotective for individuals with a high risk of developing PD or in prodromal stages of PD to reduce progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Luis Labandeira-Garcia
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson´S Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
- Networking Research Center On Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Maria J Guerra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson´S Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Networking Research Center On Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I Rodriguez-Perez
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson´S Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
- Networking Research Center On Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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Ahmadi Badi S, Kariman A, Bereimipour A, Shojaie S, Aghsadeghi M, Khatami S, Masotti A. Association Between Altered Microbiota Composition and Immune System-Related Genes in COVID-19 Infection. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01096-8. [PMID: 38456962 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Microbiota and immunity affect the host's susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the severity of COVID-19. This study aimed to identify significant alterations in the microbiota composition, immune signaling pathways, their potential association, and candidate microRNA in COVID-19 patients using an in silico study model. Enrichment online databases and Python programming were utilized to analyze GSE164805, GSE180594, and GSE182279, as well as NGS data of microbiota composition (PRJNA650244 and PRJNA660302) associated with COVID-19, employing amplicon-based/marker gene sequencing methods. C1, TNF, C2, IL1, and CFH genes were found to have a significant impact on immune signaling pathways. Additionally, we observed a notable decrease in Bacteroides spp. and Faecalibacterium sp., while Escherichia coli, Streptococcus spp., and Akkermansia muciniphila showed increased abundance in COVID-19. Notably, A. muciniphila demonstrated an association with immunity through C1 and TNF, while Faecalibacterium sp. was linked to C2 and IL1. The correlation between E. coli and CFH, as well as IL1 and Streptococcus spp. with C2, was identified. hsa-let-7b-5p was identified as a potential candidate that may be involved in the interaction between the microbiota composition, immune response, and COVID-19. In conclusion, integrative in silico analysis shows that these microbiota members are potentially crucial in the immune responses against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Biochemistry Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arian Kariman
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Bereimipour
- Biological Sciences and BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Shima Shojaie
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shohreh Khatami
- Biochemistry Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Piazzesi A, Pane S, Del Chierico F, Romani L, Campana A, Palma P, Putignani L. The pediatric gut bacteriome and virome in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1335450. [PMID: 38318164 PMCID: PMC10839054 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1335450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in early 2020, it has been apparent that children were partially protected from both infection and the more severe forms of the disease. Many different mechanisms have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, including children's frequent exposure to other upper respiratory infections and vaccines, and which inflammatory cytokines they are more likely to produce in response to infection. Furthermore, given the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the intestine and its ability to infect enterocytes, combined with the well described immunomodulatory capabilities of the microbiome, another potential contributing factor may be the presence of certain protective microbial members of the gut microbiota (GM). Methods We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing and profiled both the bacteriome and virome of the GM of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 patients compared to healthy, age-matched subjects. Results We found that, while pediatric patients do share some pro-inflammatory microbial signatures with adult patients, they also possess a distinct microbial signature of protective bacteria previously found to be negatively correlated with SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and COVID-19 severity. COVID-19 was also associated with higher fecal Cytomegalovirus load, and with shifts in the relative abundances of bacteriophages in the GM. Furthermore, we address how the preventative treatment of COVID-19 patients with antibiotics, a common practice especially in the early days of the pandemic, affected the bacteriome and virome, as well as the abundances of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in these patients. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first study to address the bacteriome, virome, and resistome of pediatric patients in response to COVID-19 and to preventative antibiotics use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Piazzesi
- Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Pane
- Unit of Microbiomics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Lorenza Romani
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Campana
- Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Palma
- Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Chair of Pediatrics, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Putignani
- Unit of Microbiomics and Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Malek A, Ahmadi Badi S, Karimi G, Bizouarn T, Irian S, Siadat SD. The effect of Bacteroides fragilis and its postbiotics on the expression of genes involved in the endocannabinoid system and intestinal epithelial integrity in Caco-2 cells. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:1417-1424. [PMID: 37975078 PMCID: PMC10638345 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Gut microbiota and its derivatives by constantly interacting with the host, regulate the host function. Intestinal epithelium integrity is under the control of various factors including the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Accordingly, we aimed at investigating the effect of Bacteroides fragilis and its postbiotics (i.e., heat-inactivated, cell-free supernatants (CFS) and outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)) on the expression of genes involved in ECS (cnr1, faah, pparg) and the epithelial barrier permeability (ocln, tjp1) in a Caco-2 cell line. Methods Caco-2 cell line was treated with live or heat-inactivated B. fragilis at MOIs of 50 and 100, or stimulated with 7% V/V CFS and B. fragilis OMVs at a dose of 50 and 100 µg/ml overnight. RT-qPCR was applied for expression analysis. Results Heat-inactivated B. fragilis induced cnr1, pparg, tjp1, and suppressed faah expression, while live B. fragilis had the opposite effect. OMVs increased pparg, and tjp1 expression by reducing the activity of ECS through an increase in faah and a reduction in cnr1 expression. Finally, an increase in the expression of pparg and ocln, and a reduction in the expression of cnr1 was detected in Caco-2 cells treated with CFS. Conclusion The live and heat-inactivated B. fragilis inversely affected cnr1, faah, pparg, and tjp1 expression in Caco-2 cells. Increased tjp1 mRNA levels by affecting the expression of ECS related genes is taken as an indication of the potential beneficial effects of B. fragilis postbiotics and making them potential candidates for improving permeability in the leaky gut syndrome. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01264-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Malek
- Department of Cell & Molecular Sciences Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gilda Karimi
- Department of Cell & Molecular Sciences Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tania Bizouarn
- Universit´e Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, Orsay, 91405 France
| | - Saeed Irian
- Department of Cell & Molecular Sciences Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Moreno-Corona NC, López-Ortega O, Pérez-Martínez CA, Martínez-Castillo M, De Jesús-González LA, León-Reyes G, León-Juárez M. Dynamics of the Microbiota and Its Relationship with Post-COVID-19 Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14822. [PMID: 37834270 PMCID: PMC10573029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which can be asymptomatic or present with multiple organ dysfunction. Many infected individuals have chronic alterations associated with neuropsychiatric, endocrine, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal symptoms, even several months after disease onset, developing long-COVID or post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS). Microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the onset and progression of many viral diseases, including COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 manifestations, which could serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. This review aimed to discuss the most recent findings on gut microbiota dysbiosis and its relationship with the sequelae of PACS. Elucidating these mechanisms could help develop personalized and non-invasive clinical strategies to identify individuals at a higher risk of experiencing severe disease progression or complications associated with PACS. Moreover, the review highlights the importance of targeting the gut microbiota composition to avoid dysbiosis and to develop possible prophylactic and therapeutic measures against COVID-19 and PACS in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia Carolina Moreno-Corona
- Laboratory of Human Lymphohematopoiesis, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Orestes López-Ortega
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institute Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France;
| | | | - Macario Martínez-Castillo
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | | | - Guadalupe León-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City 16610, Mexico;
| | - Moisés León-Juárez
- Laboratorio de Virología Perinatal y Diseño Molecular de Antígenos y Biomarcadores, Departamento de Inmunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
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Cheong KL, Yu B, Teng B, Veeraperumal S, Xu B, Zhong S, Tan K. Post-COVID-19 syndrome management: Utilizing the potential of dietary polysaccharides. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115320. [PMID: 37595427 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant global impact, resulting in long-term health effects for many individuals. As more patients recover, there is a growing need to identify effective management strategies for ongoing health concerns, such as post-COVID-19 syndrome, characterized by persistent symptoms or complications beyond several weeks or months from the onset of symptoms. In this review, we explore the potential of dietary polysaccharides as a promising approach to managing post-COVID-19 syndrome. We summarize the immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiviral, and prebiotic activities of dietary polysaccharides for the management of post-COVID-19 syndrome. Furthermore, the review investigates the role of polysaccharides in enhancing immune response, regulating immune function, improving oxidative stress, inhibiting virus binding to ACE2, balancing gut microbiota, and increasing functional metabolites. These properties of dietary polysaccharides may help alleviate COVID-19 symptoms, providing a promising avenue for effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Biao Yu
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Teng
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Suresh Veeraperumal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Programme of Food Science and Technology, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, Guangxi, China.
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Xu F, Huang X, Wu H, Wang X. Screening compounds for treating the diabetes and COVID-19 from Miao medicine by molecular docking and bioinformatics. ARAB J CHEM 2023; 16:105001. [PMID: 37228247 PMCID: PMC10191702 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Both diabetes and Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are seriously harmful to human health, and they are closely related. It is of great significance to find drugs that can simultaneously treat diabetes and COVID-19. Based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine for treating COVID-19, this study first sorted out the compounds of Guizhou Miao medicine with "return to the lung channel" and "clear heat and detoxify" effects in China. The active components against COVID-19 were screened by molecular docking with SARS-CoV-2 PLpro and angiotensin-converting enzyme II as targets. Furthermore, the common target dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) of diabetes and COVID-19 was used as a screening protein, and molecular docking was used to obtain potential components for the treatment of diabetes and COVID-19. Finally, the mechanism of potential ingredients in the treatment of diabetes and COVID-19 was explored with bioinformatics. More than 80 kinds of Miao medicine were obtained, and 584 compounds were obtained. Further, 110 compounds against COVID-19 were screened, and top 6 potential ingredients for the treatment of diabetes and COVID-19 were screened, including 3-O-β-D-Xylopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester, Glycyrrhizic acid, Sequoiaflavone, 2-O-Caffeoyl maslinic acid, Pholidotin, and Ambewelamide A. Bioinformatics analysis found that their mechanism of action in treating diabetes and COVID-19 may be related to regulating the expression of DPP4, angiotensin II type 1 receptor, vitamin D receptor, plasminogen, chemokine C-C-motif receptor 6, and interleukin 2. We believe that Guizhou Miao medicine is rich in potential ingredients for the treatment of diabetes and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Xulong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Xiangpei Wang
- School of Chinese Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, PR China
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Martín Giménez VM, Modrego J, Gómez-Garre D, Manucha W, de las Heras N. Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Modulation and Approaches for Prevention and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12249. [PMID: 37569625 PMCID: PMC10419057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are critical underlying mechanisms associated with COVID-19 that contribute to the complications and clinical deterioration of patients. Additionally, COVID-19 has the potential to alter the composition of patients' gut microbiota, characterized by a decreased abundance of bacteria with probiotic effects. Interestingly, certain strains of these bacteria produce metabolites that can target the S protein of other coronaviruses, thereby preventing their transmission and harmful effects. At the same time, the presence of gut dysbiosis can exacerbate inflammation and oxidative stress, creating a vicious cycle that perpetuates the disease. Furthermore, it is widely recognized that the gut microbiota can metabolize various foods and drugs, producing by-products that may have either beneficial or detrimental effects. In this regard, a decrease in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, can influence the overall inflammatory and oxidative state, affecting the prevention, treatment, or worsening of COVID-19. This review aims to explore the current evidence regarding gut dysbiosis in patients with COVID-19, its association with inflammation and oxidative stress, the molecular mechanisms involved, and the potential of gut microbiota modulation in preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given that gut microbiota has demonstrated high adaptability, exploring ways and strategies to maintain good intestinal health, as well as an appropriate diversity and composition of the gut microbiome, becomes crucial in the battle against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virna Margarita Martín Giménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan 5400, Argentina;
| | - Javier Modrego
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dulcenombre Gómez-Garre
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n. Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Walter Manucha
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina;
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Natalia de las Heras
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n. Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Wang L, Wang Y, Xuan C, Zhang B, Wu H, Gao J. Predicting potential microbe-disease associations based on multi-source features and deep learning. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad255. [PMID: 37406190 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have confirmed that the occurrence of many complex diseases in the human body is closely related to the microbial community, and microbes can affect tumorigenesis and metastasis by regulating the tumor microenvironment. However, there are still large gaps in the clinical observation of the microbiota in disease. Although biological experiments are accurate in identifying disease-associated microbes, they are also time-consuming and expensive. The computational models for effective identification of diseases related microbes can shorten this process, and reduce capital and time costs. Based on this, in the paper, a model named DSAE_RF is presented to predict latent microbe-disease associations by combining multi-source features and deep learning. DSAE_RF calculates four similarities between microbes and diseases, which are then used as feature vectors for the disease-microbe pairs. Later, reliable negative samples are screened by k-means clustering, and a deep sparse autoencoder neural network is further used to extract effective features of the disease-microbe pairs. In this foundation, a random forest classifier is presented to predict the associations between microbes and diseases. To assess the performance of the model in this paper, 10-fold cross-validation is implemented on the same dataset. As a result, the AUC and AUPR of the model are 0.9448 and 0.9431, respectively. Furthermore, we also conduct a variety of experiments, including comparison of negative sample selection methods, comparison with different models and classifiers, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and t-test, ablation experiments, robustness analysis, and case studies on Covid-19 and colorectal cancer. The results fully demonstrate the reliability and availability of our model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liugen Wang
- School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chenxu Xuan
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Bai Zhang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hanwen Wu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Bacorn M, Romero-Soto HN, Levy S, Chen Q, Hourigan SK. The Gut Microbiome of Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122460. [PMID: 36557713 PMCID: PMC9783902 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome has been shown to play a critical role in maintaining a healthy state. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is involved in modulating disease severity and potentially contributes to long-term outcomes in adults with COVID-19. Due to children having a significantly lower risk of severe illness and limited sample availability, much less is known about the role of the gut microbiome in children with COVID-19. It is well recognized that the developing gut microbiome of children differs from that of adults, but it is unclear if this difference contributes to the different clinical presentations and complications. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the gut microbiome in children with COVID-19, with gut microbiome dysbiosis being found in pediatric COVID-19 but specific taxa change often differing from those described in adults. Additionally, we discuss possible mechanisms of how the gut microbiome may mediate the presentation and complications of COVID-19 in children and the potential role for microbial therapeutics.
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12
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Shen S, Gong M, Wang G, Dua K, Xu J, Xu X, Liu G. COVID-19 and Gut Injury. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204409. [PMID: 36297092 PMCID: PMC9608818 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently a pandemic and it has led to more than 620 million patients with 6.56 million deaths globally. Males are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection and associated with a higher chance to develop severe COVID-19 than females. Aged people are at a high risk of COVID-19 infection, while young children have also increased cases. COVID-19 patients typically develop respiratory system pathologies, however symptoms in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are also very common. Inflammatory cell recruitments and their secreted cytokines are found in the GI tract in COVID-19 patients. Microbiota changes are the key feature in COVID-19 patients with gut injury. Here, we review all current known mechanisms of COVID-19-induced gut injury, and the most acceptable one is that SARS-CoV-2 binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on host cells in the GI tract. Interestingly, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disorder, but the patients with IBD do not have the increased risk to develop COVID-19. There is currently no cure for COVID-19, but anti-viruses and monoclonal antibodies reduce viral load and shorten the recovery time of the disease. We summarize current therapeutics that target symptoms in the GI tract, including probiotics, ACE2 inhibitors and nutrients. These are promising therapeutic options for COVID-19-induced gut injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sj Shen
- UNSW Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical Campus, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Muxue Gong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medicine College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jincheng Xu
- Stomatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
- School of Dental Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Xiaoyue Xu
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Correspondence:
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